CN111630225B - Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN111630225B CN111630225B CN201980009186.8A CN201980009186A CN111630225B CN 111630225 B CN111630225 B CN 111630225B CN 201980009186 A CN201980009186 A CN 201980009186A CN 111630225 B CN111630225 B CN 111630225B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/20—Methods of refining
- D21D1/30—Disc mills
- D21D1/306—Discs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
- D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
- D21D1/004—Methods of beating or refining including disperging or deflaking
- D21D1/006—Disc mills
- D21D1/008—Discs
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Abstract
An abrasive member includes an abrasive body having an abrasive surface including first and second abrasive bars separated by first and second abrasive grooves, respectively. The first grinding bar extends from a radially inner position to a first radially outer position. The second grinder bar extends to a second radially outer position closer to the outermost portion of the grinding bodies than the first radially outer position. The second grinder bar has a longitudinal length of about 0.6cm to about 10cm. The first and second grinder bars have first and second maximum heights, respectively, extending upwardly from the bottom of the respective adjacent first or second grinder trough. The second maximum height is at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height. The first grinder bar is adapted to grind wood fibers and the second grinder bar is adapted to break up the fiber bundles.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application relates to the following applications filed concurrently therewith: U.S. patent application No. 15/860,006 to Dwight Anderson, entitled "apparatus and method for processing wood fibers," is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates generally to processing wood fibers in a grinder, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for grinding wood fibers and breaking fiber bundles.
Background
Traditionally, disc mills have been used to process wood fibers in one step of the paper product manufacturing process. The grinder includes a first grinding member and a second grinding member having a grinding space therebetween. Each of the first and second grinding members comprises a plurality of grinder bars separated by grinder grooves, wherein the grinder bars define cutting surfaces for cutting wood fibres. During operation, at least one of the first and second grinding members rotates relative to the other, at which time the rotation of the grinder bar cutting surface cuts the wood fibers being processed in the grinder. Once the wood fibers are processed in the mill, the processed wood fibers may be further processed in a subsequent paper product manufacturing process to produce a paper product. In some cases, the wood fibers may be subjected to additional processing such as in a separate defluxing grinder (tikler refinder) or a high frequency fluffer.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an abrasive member for a wood pulp grinder. The abrasive member comprises an abrasive body comprising an abrasive surface comprising first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves and second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves. Each first grinder bar extends from a radially inward position on the grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the grinding surface. Each second grinder bar extends to a second radially outward position on the grinding surface. The second grinder bar has a longitudinal length of from about 0.6cm to about 10cm, wherein the second radially outer position is closer to an outermost portion of the grinding bodies than the first radially outer position. The first grinder bars have a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent first grinder grooves and the second grinder bars have a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder grooves. The second maximum height is at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height. The first grinder bar is adapted to grind wood fibres, while the second grinder bar is adapted to break up the fibre bundles.
The first maximum height of the first grinder bar, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent first grinder grooves, may be about 4mm to about 10mm. The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.35mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove. The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove.
The second grinder bar may have a longitudinal length of about 2cm to about 10cm.
The second grinder bar may be integral with the first grinder bar such that the second grinder bar extends from a first radially outer position to a second radially outer position. Each second grinder bar may be successively inclined downwards from a first radially outer position to a second radially outer position.
The first and second grinder bars may have a width extending between the side edges of about 2mm to about 8mm.
At least a portion of the first grinder grooves may be provided with a dam.
The grinding member may further comprise a third grinder bar separated by a third grinder groove and a fourth grinder bar separated by a fourth grinder groove. Each third grinder bar may extend to a third radially outer position on the grinding surface and each fourth grinder bar may extend to a fourth radially outer position on the grinding surface. The fourth grinder bar may have a longitudinal length of about 0.6cm to about 10cm. The fourth radially outer position may be closer to an outermost portion of the abrasive body than the third radially outer position. The third grinder bars may have a third maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent third grinder grooves, and the fourth grinder bars may have a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent fourth grinder grooves. The fourth maximum height may be at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height. A third grinder bar may be adapted to grind wood fibers and a fourth grinder bar may be adapted to break up the fiber bundles.
The third grinder bar may be integral with the second grinder bar such that the third grinder bar extends from a second radially outer position to a third radially outer position, and the fourth grinder bar may be integral with the third grinder bar such that the fourth grinder bar extends from the third radially outer position to a fourth radially outer position.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a wood pulp grinder is provided. The wood pulp grinder includes: a frame, at least a first pair of grinding members, and a rotor associated with the frame. The grinding member includes a first grinding member associated with the frame and including a first grinding body and a second grinding member associated with the frame and including a second grinding body. The first abrasive body includes a first abrasive surface, the first abrasive surface including: first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves, each first grinder bar extending from a radially inner position on the grinding surface to a first radially outer position on the grinding surface; and second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves, each second grinder bar extending to a second radially outer position on the grinding surface. The second grinder bar has a longitudinal length of about 0.6cm to about 10cm. The second radially outer position may be closer to an outermost portion of the abrasive body than the first radially outer position. The first grinder bars have a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent first grooves and the second grinder bars have a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent second grooves. The second maximum height is at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height. The second abrasive member includes a second abrasive surface comprising second member abrasive bars separated by second member abrasive grooves. The first abrasive member is spaced apart from the second abrasive member to define an abrasive space therebetween. The rotor is coupled to one of the first or second grinding members such that rotation of the rotor causes movement of one of the first or second grinding members relative to the other. When the wood pulp slurry containing the wood fibers is supplied to the frame, the wood pulp slurry passes through the grinding space, so that a large amount of the wood fibers in the wood pulp slurry are ground and a plurality of wood fiber bundles in the wood pulp slurry are separated.
The second maximum height may be at least 0.7mm less than the first maximum height.
The longitudinal length of the second grinder bar may be about 2cm to about 10cm.
The second component grinder bar may include: a third grinding bar extending from a radially inward position on the second grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the second grinding surface; and a fourth grinding bar extending to a second radially outer position on the second grinding surface. The second radially outer position may be closer to an outermost portion of the second abrasive body than the first radially outer position. The third grinder bar may have a third maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent groove and the fourth grinder bar may have a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent groove. The fourth maximum height may be at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height.
The first abrasive member may be a non-rotating stator member and the second abrasive member may be a rotating rotor member.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a method for processing wood fibers is provided. The method comprises the following steps: a grinder is provided that includes at least a first pair of grinding members. The grinding member includes: a first abrasive member comprising a first abrasive body and a second abrasive member comprising a second abrasive body. The first abrasive body includes a first abrasive surface, the first abrasive surface including: first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves and having a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of adjacent first grinder grooves; and a second grinder bar separated by a second grinder groove and having a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove. The second abrasive body includes a second abrasive surface including second member abrasive strips separated by second member abrasive grooves. The first abrasive member is spaced apart from the second abrasive member to define an abrasive space therebetween. At least a portion of the second component grinder bar is positioned opposite the second grinder bar to define a gap between the portion of the second component grinder bar and the second grinder bar. The method further comprises the following steps: rotating at least one of the first abrasive member or the second abrasive member such that the first abrasive member and the second abrasive member move relative to each other; feeding a wood pulp slurry comprising wood fibres to a grinding mill such that the slurry passes through a grinding space; and applying axial pressure to at least one of the first or second grinding members while supplying the slurry such that a gap between the portion of the second member grinder bars and the second grinder bars, in which gap at least a portion of the wood fiber bundles passing through the gap are separated, is between about 0.9mm and about 1.5mm.
The second grinder bar may have a longitudinal length of about 0.6cm to about 10cm, and the second maximum height may be at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height. The second grinder bar may have a longitudinal length of about 2cm to about 10cm.
The second component grinder bar may include: a third grinder bar and a fourth grinder bar. The third grinder bar may have a third maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent groove and the fourth grinder bar may have a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent groove. The fourth maximum height may be at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height.
According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an abrasive member for a wood pulp grinder. The grinding member includes: an abrasive body comprising a plurality of radially extending pie-shaped sections, the pie-shaped sections comprising: at least one first pie-shaped section and at least one second pie-shaped section. The at least one first pie-shaped section includes a first abrasive surface comprising first abrasive bars separated by first abrasive grooves. The first grinder bar has a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent first grinder trough. The at least one second pie-shaped section comprises a second grinding surface comprising second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves. The second grinder bar has a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder trough. The second maximum height is at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height. The first grinder bar is adapted to grind wood fibers and the second grinder bar is adapted to break up the fiber bundles.
The first maximum height of the first grinder bar, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent first grinder grooves, may be about 4mm to about 10mm.
The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.35mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove.
The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove.
According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a wood pulp grinder is provided. The wood pulp grinder includes: a frame, at least a first pair of grinding members, and a rotor associated with the frame. The grinding member includes: a first abrasive member associated with the frame and including a first abrasive body; and a second abrasive member associated with the frame and including a second abrasive body. The first abrasive body comprises a plurality of radially extending pie-shaped sections, the pie-shaped sections comprising: at least one first pie-shaped section and at least one second pie-shaped section. The at least one first pie-shaped section includes a first abrasive surface comprising first abrasive bars separated by first abrasive grooves. The first grinder bar has a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent first grinder trough. The at least one second pie-shaped section comprises a second grinding surface comprising second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves. The second grinder bar has a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder grooves. The second maximum height is at least 0.35 millimeters less than the first maximum height. The second abrasive body includes a second member abrasive surface including second member abrasive strips separated by second member abrasive grooves. The first abrasive member is spaced apart from the second abrasive member to define an abrasive space therebetween. The rotor is coupled to one of the first or second grinding members such that rotation of the rotor causes movement of the first and second grinding members relative to each other. When the wood pulp slurry containing the wood fibers is supplied to the frame, the wood pulp slurry passes through the grinding space, a large amount of the wood fibers in the wood pulp slurry are ground, and a plurality of wood fiber bundles in the wood pulp slurry are separated.
The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.35mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove.
The second maximum height of the second grinder bar may be about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm less than the first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of the adjacent second grinder groove.
The second abrasive body may comprise a plurality of radially extending pie-shaped segments, the pie-shaped segments comprising: at least one third pie-shaped section and at least one fourth pie-shaped section. The at least one third pie-shaped section may comprise a third grinding surface comprising third grinder bars separated by third grinder grooves. The third grinder bar may have a third maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent third grinder grooves. The at least one fourth pie-shaped section may include a fourth grinding surface comprising fourth grinder bars separated by fourth grinder grooves. The fourth grinder bar may have a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of the adjacent fourth grinder grooves. The fourth maximum height may be at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height. The third and fourth grinder bars may define a second member grinder bar and the third and fourth grinder grooves may define a second member grinder groove.
The first abrasive member may be a non-rotating stator member and the second abrasive member may be a rotating rotor member.
According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an abrasive member for a wood pulp grinder. The abrasive member includes an abrasive body including an abrasive surface, the abrasive surface including: grinder bars separated by grinder grooves, each grinder bar extending from a radially inward position on the grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the grinding surface; and teeth extending to a second radially outward position on the grinding surface. The second radially outer position is closer to an outermost portion of the abrasive body than the first radially outer position. The grinder bars are adapted to grind wood fibers and the teeth are adapted to break up the fiber bundles.
The grinder bars may have a first maximum height, as measured from the bottom of adjacent grinder grooves, of from about 4mm to about 10mm.
The width of the grinder bar extending between the side edges may be about 2mm to about 8mm.
At least a portion of the grinder trough may be provided with a dam.
According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a wood pulp grinder. The wood pulp grinder includes a frame, at least a first pair of grinding members, and a rotor associated with the frame. The grinding member includes a first grinding member associated with the frame and including a first grinding body having a first grinding surface; and a second abrasive member associated with the frame and including a second abrasive body having a second abrasive surface. The first abrasive surface includes: first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves, each first grinder bar extending from a radially inward position on the first grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the first grinding surface; and a first tooth extending to a further radially outward position on the first abrasive surface. The further radially outer position is closer to an outermost portion of the first abrasive body than the first radially outer position. The first abrasive member is spaced apart from the second abrasive member to define an abrasive space therebetween. The rotor is coupled to one of the first or second grinding members such that rotation of the rotor causes movement of the first and second grinding members relative to each other. When a wood pulp slurry containing wood fibers is supplied to the frame, the wood pulp slurry passes through the grinding space, so that a large amount of the wood fibers in the wood pulp slurry are ground and a plurality of wood fiber bundles in the wood pulp slurry are separated.
The second abrasive member may comprise a second abrasive body comprising a second abrasive surface comprising: second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves, each second grinder bar extending from a radially inner position on the second grinding surface to a first radially outer position on the second grinding surface; and a second tooth extending to a second radially outer position on the second abrasive surface. The second radially outer position may be closer to an outermost portion of the second abrasive body than the first radially outer position.
The second abrasive surface may include a first row of second teeth extending to a second radially outer position on the second abrasive surface and a second row of second teeth extending to a fourth radially outer position on the second abrasive surface. The first and second teeth are intermeshed.
The first grinding member may be a non-rotating stator member and the second grinding member may be a rotating rotor member.
Drawings
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present invention, it is believed that the present invention will be better understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures, in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a disc grinder;
fig. 2 and 3 are top views of a first abrasive body and a second abrasive body, respectively;
fig. 4A and 4B are top views of a section of the abrasive surface of the first abrasive body of fig. 2;
fig. 5A and 5B are top views of a section of the abrasive surface of the second abrasive body of fig. 3;
FIG. 6A is a partial cross-sectional view of the abrasive body taken along line 6A-6A in FIGS. 4A and 5A;
FIG. 6B is a partial cross-sectional view of the abrasive body taken along line 6B-6B in FIGS. 4B and 5B;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B;
fig. 8 and 9 are partial cross-sectional views of the grinder bars on the first abrasive body spaced apart from and above the corresponding grinder bars on the second abrasive body;
fig. 10 and 11 are top views of a portion of a first abrasive body and a second abrasive body, respectively, comprising a plurality of radially extending pie-shaped segments;
fig. 12A and 12B are partial cross-sectional views of the grinder bar from the pie-shaped section of fig. 10 and 11 with one grinding body spaced apart from and above the other grinding body;
fig. 13 and 14 are top views of a first abrasive body and a second abrasive body, respectively, including teeth;
FIG. 15 is a top view of a section of an abrasive surface of the first abrasive body of FIG. 13;
fig. 16 is a top view of a section of an abrasive surface of the second abrasive body of fig. 14;
fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a grinder bar and teeth on a first abrasive body spaced apart from and above a second abrasive body comprising a grinder bar and teeth; and
FIG. 18 is a flow chart showing an exemplary method for processing wood fibers.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration, and not of limitation, specific preferred embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a disc grinder 10 according to the present disclosure. The disc grinder 10 includes a housing having a first housing component 12 and a second housing component 14, the first and second housing components 12, 14 being bolted or otherwise fixedly attached together. The housing components 12, 14 define an inlet 16, an outlet 18, and a grinder internal cavity 64 containing one or more pairs of grinding members. The embodiment shown in fig. 1 is a double disc grinder 10 comprising two pairs of grinding members, for example a first grinding member 20 paired with a second grinding member 30 and a third grinding member 40 paired with a fourth grinding member 50. The first abrasive member 20 comprises a first abrasive body 22 having a first abrasive surface 24 and the second abrasive member 30 comprises a second abrasive body 32 having a second abrasive surface 34. The third abrasive member 40 includes a third abrasive body 42 and a third abrasive surface 44, and the fourth abrasive member 50 includes a fourth abrasive body 52 and a fourth abrasive surface 54. As described in this disclosure, each of the abrasive members 20, 30, 40, 50 is associated with a main support frame that includes a fixed support frame 66 fixed to the first housing component 12 and a movable support frame 68.
The first, second, third and fourth abrasive bodies 22, 32, 42, 52 may be generally disc-shaped, having substantially the same outer diameter (see fig. 2 and 3). The first and second grinding members 20, 30 are arranged such that the first grinding surface 24 faces the second grinding surface 34, and the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50 are arranged such that the third grinding surface 44 faces the fourth grinding surface 54. The first abrasive member 20 is spaced apart from the second abrasive member 30 so as to define a first abrasive space 60 between the respective abrasive surfaces 24, 34. The third abrasive member 40 is spaced apart from the fourth abrasive member 50 to define a second abrasive space 62 between the respective abrasive surfaces 44, 54. The construction of the disc grinder 10 may be similar to that shown in U.S. patent application publication No. 2006/0037728A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first and fourth abrasive members 20, 50 are stationary and the second and third abrasive members 30, 40 rotate relative to the first and fourth abrasive members 20, 50. The first abrasive member 20 may be secured to the support frame 66 by bolts or other suitable fasteners (not shown). The second and third grinding members 30, 40 may be attached to a support 70, the support 70 being coupled to the rotational shaft 72 and extending radially outward from the rotational shaft 72. The support 70 is coupled to the shaft 72 so as to rotate with the shaft 72 and also to be axially movable along the shaft 72. The shaft 72 is driven by a first motor 74 such that the support 70 and the second and third grinding members 30, 40 rotate with the shaft 72 during operation of the disc grinder 10. The shaft 72 has a central axis 72A that is generally coaxial with the rotational axis of the second and third abrasive members 30, 40. The shaft 72 may be rotatably mounted to the fixed support frame 66 such that the first and second grinding members 30, 40 are associated with the main support frame. As described in this disclosure, the support 70 may be axially movable along the shaft 72, e.g., axially relative to the first and fourth abrasive members 20, 50 substantially along the central axis 72A. The fourth grinding member 50 may be secured to the movable support frame 68 by bolts or other suitable fasteners (not shown). Thus, the support 70 and the shaft 72 may define a rotor associated with the main support frame such that the second and third grinding members may define a rotating rotor member and the first and fourth grinding members 20, 50 may define a non-rotating stator member. Rotation of the rotor causes movement of the second and third grinding members 30, 40 relative to the first and fourth grinding members 20, 50, respectively.
The movable support frame 68 may be mounted in the second housing component 14 and coupled to a second motor 76, which second motor 76 may comprise a fixed position reversible electric motor. The second motor 76 moves the movable support frame 68 in a substantially horizontal (i.e., axial) direction as indicated by arrow a. The grinder 10 may include, for example, a screw jack (not shown) coupled to the second motor 76 and the movable support frame 68, and the second motor 76 may rotate the screw jack to move the movable support frame 68 to which, for example, the fourth grinding member 50 is attached. This movement adjusts the size of the gaps defined between the first and second grinding members 20, 30 and between the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50, i.e., the size of the first and second grinding spaces 60, 62 (see also fig. 8 and 9). In other embodiments (not shown), control of the gap size may be achieved by one or more magnetic bearings. The magnetic bearings control the axial position of the shaft 72, which may be used to control the position of a rotating rotor member secured to the shaft 72. The magnetic bearings may be used to control the axial position of one or more other movable sections (i.e., the movable support frame 68) on the main support frame to which one or more non-rotating stator members are attached.
As discussed further in this disclosure, the wood pulp slurry containing wood fibers is passed through the grinding spaces 60, 62. When the screw jack is rotated in a first direction, it causes the movable support frame 68 and the fourth grinding member 50 to move inwardly toward the third grinding member 40. The fourth grinding member 50 then applies an axial force to the wood pulp slurry passing through the second grinding space 62, which in turn applies an axial force to the third grinding member 40, causing the third grinding member 40, support 70 and second grinding member 30 to move inwardly towards the first grinding member 20. When the screw jack is rotated in a second direction opposite the first direction, it causes the movable support frame 68 and the fourth grinding member 50 to move outwardly away from the third grinding member 40. This reduces the axial force applied by the fourth grinding member 50 to the wood pulp slurry passing through the second grinding space 62, which in turn reduces the axial force applied by the wood pulp slurry to the third grinding member 40. The axial force exerted by the wood pulp slurry passing through the first grinding space 60 is then sufficient to move the second grinding member 30, the support 70 and the third grinding member 40 towards the fourth grinding member 50. This continues until the axial forces exerted on the second and third grinding members 30 and 40 by the wood pulp passing through the first and second grinding spaces 60, 62 are approximately equal.
In some embodiments (not shown), the disc grinder 10 may further comprise another motor and a second rotating shaft to which the first and/or fourth grinding members 20, 50 may be coupled such that the first and/or fourth grinding members 20, 50 may counter-rotate relative to the second and/or third grinding members 30, 40, respectively. In other embodiments (not shown), the disc grinder 10 may include only a pair of grinding members, with one grinding member being a non-rotating stator member and the other grinding member being a rotating rotor member. In further embodiments (not shown), the disc grinder may include three or more pairs of grinding members. In further embodiments (not shown), the disc grinder 10 may include a conical grinder having one or more pairs of grinding members.
Fig. 2 and 3 are top views of grinding surfaces 24, 34 of first and second abrasive bodies 22, 32, respectively, for use in a wood pulp grinder, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Although not discussed in detail herein, the abrasive surfaces 44, 54 of the third and fourth abrasive bodies 42, 52 (see fig. 1) may be substantially similar in configuration to the abrasive surfaces 24, 34 of the first and second abrasive bodies 22, 32, respectively.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first abrasive body 22 may include a plurality of components, such as components 22A-22C, that are bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 22 including a radially outer edge 27. The grinding surface 24 includes a plurality of elongated grinder bars 26 separated from each other by grinder grooves 28. Although not shown in fig. 2, it will be appreciated that other components (not labeled) of the first abrasive body 22 will similarly include an abrasive bar 26 and an abrasive trough 28. The grinding bars 26 extend radially outwards from the radially inner region 23 of the first grinding body 22 towards the radially outer edge 27. The grinder bar 26 may be inclined at various angles as shown in fig. 2, and each of the sections 22A-22C may include one or more sections (not separately labeled) of the grinder bar 26 inclined in different directions. The grinder bars 26 and grinder grooves 28 in each of the components 22A-22C of fig. 2 may be otherwise similar in structure.
As shown in fig. 3, the second abrasive body 32 may similarly comprise a plurality of components, such as components 32A-32C, that are bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 32 comprising a radially outer edge 37. The grinding surface 34 includes a plurality of elongated grinder bars 36, the grinder bars 36 being separated from each other by grinder grooves 38. Although not shown in fig. 3, it is understood that other components (not labeled) of the second abrasive body 32 may similarly include an abrasive bar 36 and an abrasive trough 38. The grinding bars 36 extend radially outwards from the radially inner region 33 of the second grinding body 32 towards a radially outer edge 37. The grinder bar 36 may be inclined at various angles as shown in fig. 3, and each section 32A-32C may include two or more sections (not separately labeled) of the grinder bar 36 inclined in different directions. The grinder bars 36 and grinder grooves 38 in each of the sections 32A-32C in fig. 3 may be otherwise similar in structure.
The path of the pulp containing wood pulp of wood fibres through the mill 10 is indicated in fig. 1 by the arrow B. Referring to fig. 1-3, wood pulp slurry enters the disc grinder 10 through the inlet 16 and enters the grinder cavity 64 through the central aperture 21 in the first grinding member 20. The grinder internal chamber 64 may be defined in part by a fixed support frame 66 and a movable support frame 68. The abrasive surface 24, 34 may include one or more additional rows of abrasive bars (not labeled), such as abrasive bars located near the center of the abrasive body 22, 32 (e.g., near the central aperture 21). These additional bars may be wider and spaced further apart than the other bars 26 to break up the large fiber bundles before they enter the grinding space 60. The wood fibers travel radially outward between the abrasive members 20, 30, 40, 50. A first grinding space 60 defined between the first and second grinding members 20, 30 and a second grinding space 62 defined between the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50 define separate paths along which wood fibres may travel from the inlet 16 to the outlet 18. It is believed that the wood fibers pass through only one of the first and second grinding spaces 60, 62 at a time. The grinder grooves 28, 38 may be considered to be part of a grinding space 60 defined between the first and second grinding members 20, 30. It is believed that the majority of the wood fiber flow through grinding space 60 passes through grinder grooves 28, 38. Similarly, the grinder grooves (not shown) of the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50 may be considered to be part of the grinding space 62 defined between the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50. It is believed that the majority of the wood fiber flow through the grinding space 62 passes through the grinder grooves (not labeled) of the third and fourth grinding members 40, 50. After processing, the wood fibres leave the mill 10 via the outlet 18 at least partly under the influence of centrifugal force.
Fig. 4A and 4B are detailed views of a portion of the abrasive surface 24 of the first abrasive body 22. Fig. 5A and 5B are detailed views of the corresponding portion of the grinding surface 34 of the second grinding body 32. Fig. 6A and 6B are partial cross-sectional views of abrasive bodies 22, 32 taken along lines 6A-6A and 6B-6B, respectively, showing two embodiments of the abrasive bars 26, 36 shown in fig. 4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B. Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in fig. 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7, each of the grinder bars 26, 36 may include a first grinder bar 26A, 36A and a second grinder bar 26B, 36B. The first grinder bars 26A, 36A may be separated from each other by first grinder grooves 28A, 38A, and the second grinder bars 26B, 36B may be separated from each other by second grinder grooves 28B, 38B. The first and second grinder grooves 28A, 38A, 28B, 38B may have a width W of about 2mm to about 6mm G . As shown in fig. 6A and 7, first grinder bar 26A, 36A includes a bottom F from adjacent first grinder grooves 28A, 38A 1 First maximum height H extending upward 1 The second grinder bars 26B, 36B include a bottom F from the adjacent second grinder grooves 28B, 38B 2 Second maximum height H extending upward 2 Wherein the second maximum height H 2 Less than the first maximum height H 1 。H 1 And H 2 The minimum height difference between them is plotted as D in fig. 6A 1 . In some examples, the radial direction of the first grinder bars 26A, 36AOuter part RO 1 May include from a first maximum height H 1 To a second maximum height H 2 The step (2).
In some examples, the second maximum height H 2 May be greater than the first maximum height H 1 At least 0.35mm smaller. In other examples, the second maximum height H 2 May be greater than the first maximum height H 1 At least 0.70mm smaller. In a further example, when starting from the bottom F of the adjacent first grinder grooves 28A, 38A 1 The first maximum height H of the first grinding bars 26A, 36A when measured 1 And may be about 4mm to about 10mm. In one particular example, when viewed from the bottom F of the adjacent second grinder grooves 28B, 38B 2 Second maximum height H of second grinder bars 26B, 36B when measured 2 May be greater than the first maximum height H 1 About 0.35mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In another specific example, when starting from the bottom F of the adjacent second grinder grooves 28B, 38B 2 Second maximum height H of second grinder bars 26B, 36B when measured 2 May be greater than the first maximum height H 1 From about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In other examples, the first and second grinder bars 26A, 36A, 26B, 36B may include a width W extending between side edges of the respective grinder bars 26A, 36A, 26B, 36B 26 It is from about 2mm to about 8mm.
Each of the first bars 26A, 36A is radially inward of a position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 1 Extending to a first radially outer position P on the polishing surface 24, 34 2 . Each second grinder bar 26B, 36B extends to a second radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 3 . Second radially outer position P 3 May be located radially further out than the first 2 Closer to the outermost, e.g. radially outer, edge 27, 37 of the abrasive body 22, 32. In some examples, the radially inward position P 1 May include a location at or near the radially inner locations 23, 33. The second grinder bars 26B, 36B may include a longitudinal length L of about 0.6cm to about 10cm, preferably about 2cm to about 10cm 1 。
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4A, 5A, and 6A, a second grinder bar26B, 36B may be integral with the first grinding bar 26A, 36A such that the second grinding bar 26B, 36B is located radially outward from the first position P 2 Extending to a second radially outer position P 3 . In one particular embodiment, the second grinder bars 26B, 36B may be positioned radially outward from the first position P 2 Continuously downwardly inclined to a second radially outer position P 3 . As shown in FIG. 6A, the height of the second grinder bars 26B, 36B may be along substantially the entire longitudinal length L 1 From the second maximum height H 2 Continuously decrease to a second minimum height H 2' . In another embodiment, as depicted by the dashed lines in FIG. 6A, the second grinder bars 26B, 36B may be substantially horizontally oriented from a first radially outward position P 2 Extending to a second radially outer position P 3 The second grinding bars 26B, 36B are arranged along substantially the entire longitudinal length L of the second grinding bars 26B, 36B 1 At the second maximum height H 2 . In other embodiments (not shown), the first grinder bar 26A, 36A may be radially spaced a distance from the second grinder bar 26B, 36B.
Referring to fig. 4A, 5A and 7, the grinding surfaces 24, 34 may include dams 29, 39 disposed in at least a portion of the first grinder grooves 28A, 38A. The dams 29, 39 may comprise a height substantially equal to or less than the height of the adjacent first grinder bars 26A, 36A. Dams 29, 39 serve to displace wood fibers from first grinder grooves 28A, 38A to engage first and second grinder bars 26A, 36A, 26B, 36B.
Referring to fig. 1, 4A, 5A, and 6A, when wood pulp slurry containing wood fibers is fed to the frame 66 (e.g., the inlet 16 of the grinder 10), the first grinder bar 26A, 36A is adapted to grind the fibers in the wood pulp slurry, while the second grinder bar 26B, 36B is adapted to break or separate the fiber bundles. Grinding can be used to break up and reduce small fiber flocs, cause external or internal fibrillation to achieve fiber bonding, and/or to chop a large number of long wood fibers in the wood pulp slurry, resulting in a reduction in the length of the long wood fibers. However, the milling process also results in the reformation of some wood fibers into small, dense fiber bundles ("flakes"), especially during the milling of long fibers such as cork. The fiber bundles may adversely affect the tensile strength, formation, etc. of the final paper product, seed formation of wood pulp fiber strands clogging downstream components, and/or inhibit drainage of fluids/water from the fibers during paper product production. Thus, the batt should be broken up after grinding in a process called "defluxing". The term "fluffing" as used herein is used to refer to the process of breaking up the fiber bundles formed during the grinding process. When grinding comprises a conventional wood pulp grinder, defibering typically occurs in one or more subsequent grinders, often operated at low power, known as "tickler" grinders or fluffers. The use of a separate grinder or fluffer increases the cost and complexity of the system. In addition, the raker grinder and associated piping and water boxes and downstream machine chest (machine chest) may accumulate a number of fibers remaining from previous runs and may continue to form a fiber bundle. Processing in a flexo grinder may reduce the performance of the fibers when different wood pulp slurries are ground together. It is believed that the abrasive members 20, 30, 40, 50 according to the present disclosure address these issues by incorporating abrasive bars 26A, 26B, 36A, 36B having different heights so that grinding and fluffing can be performed in a single abrasive machine 10.
First maximum height H of first grinder bars 26A, 36A 1 Greater than the second maximum height H 2 Meaning that the wood fibres are subjected to high shear and compression forces when they pass through the portion of the grinding space 60 which is at least partly defined by the first grinder grooves 28A, 38A and which is engaged by the cut side edges 126A, 136A of the first grinder bars 26A, 36A (see also fig. 8 and 9) on the opposite first and second grinding surfaces 24, 34. Thus, the grinding space 60 is at least partially defined by the first grinder grooves 28A, 38A and is radially inward of the grinding surfaces 24, 34 at a position P 1 Extending to a first radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 2 The portion of (a), may at least partially define the abrasive region. In some examples, the radially inner portion 23, 33 of each abrasive body 22, 32 may define a starting point of the abrasive region. When the milled fibers enter the portion of the milling space 60 defined at least in part by the second mill grooves 28B, 38B (e.g., from about the first radially outward position P in FIG. 6A) 2 To about a second radially outer position P 3 ) While, the second grinder bars 26B, 36B include a second maximum height H 2 And the strength of the force applied to the fiber decreases in response to the height decreasing (see also fig. 8 and 9). Thus, the grinding space 60 is at least partially defined by the second grinder grooves 28B, 38B and is located at a first radially outward position P from the grinding surfaces 24, 34 2 Extending to a second radially outer position P 3 May at least partially define the fluffing region. The reduced force applied to the fibers in the fluffing region may be considered to break the fiber bundles formed during the grinding process without further grinding or with only minimal grinding of the fibers. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 6A, the second abrasive bars 26B, 36B form an annular ring defining a fluffing region around radially outer portions (not separately labeled) of the first and second abrasive bodies 22, 32. It is believed that to stop the grinding of the fibers and initiate defibering, the second maximum height H of the second grinder bars 26B, 36B 2 Should be greater than the first maximum height H of the first grinding bars 26A, 36A 1 At least about 0.35mm smaller. The abrasive region may comprise 60% or more of the total area of each abrasive surface 24, 34 collectively defined by the abrasive region and the debonding region.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4B,5B, and 6B, each grinder bar 26', 36' may include a first grinder bar 26A ', 36A', a second grinder bar 26B ', 36B', a third grinder bar 26C, 36C, and a fourth grinder bar 26D, 36D. First and second grinder bars 26A ', 36A', 26B ', 36B' may be substantially similar to first and second grinder bars 26A, 36A, 26B, 36B shown in fig. 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7 and described in this disclosure, however, the first and second grinder bars 26A ', 36A', 26B ', 36B' may extend radially outward a shorter distance. First grinder bars 26A ', 36A' may be separated from one another by first grinder grooves 28A ', 38A', and second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be separated from one another by second grindingMachine grooves 28B ', 38B' are spaced apart from each other. First and second grinder grooves 28A ', 38A', 28B ', 38B' may have a width W of about 2mm to about 6mm G . The third grinder bars 26C, 36C may be separated from each other by third grinder grooves 28C, 38C and the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D may be separated from each other by fourth grinder grooves 28D, 38D. As shown in FIG. 6B, third grinder bars 26C, 36C include a bottom F from adjacent third grinder grooves 28C, 38C 3 A third maximum height H extending upward 3 Fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D include a bottom F from adjacent fourth grinder grooves 28D, 38D 4 A fourth maximum height H extending upwardly 4 Wherein the fourth maximum height H 4 Less than the third maximum height H 3 . Third maximum height H 3 May be substantially equal to the first maximum height H 1 Fourth maximum height H 4 May be substantially equal to the second maximum height H 2 。H 3 And H 4 The minimum height difference therebetween is plotted as D in FIG. 6B 2 . In some examples, the radially outer portion RO of the third grinding bar 26C, 36C 2 May include from a third maximum height H 3 To a fourth maximum height H 4 The step (2). Third and fourth grinder grooves 28C, 38C, 28D, 38D may have a width W of about 2mm to about 6mm G 。
In some examples, the fourth maximum height H 4 May be greater than the third maximum height H 3 At least 0.35mm smaller. In other examples, the fourth maximum height H 4 May be greater than the third maximum height H 3 At least 0.70mm smaller. In a further example, when starting from the bottom F of the adjacent third grinder grooves 28C, 38C 3 Third maximum height H of third grinder bars 26C, 36C when measured 3 And may be about 4mm to about 10mm. In one particular example, when viewed from the bottom F of the adjacent fourth grinder grooves 28D, 38D 4 Fourth maximum height H of fourth grinding bars 26D, 36D when measured 4 May be greater than the third maximum height H 3 From about 0.35mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In another specific example, when starting from the bottom F of the adjacent fourth grinder grooves 28D, 38D 4 For measuring, of fourth grinding bars 26D, 36DFourth maximum height H 4 May be greater than the third maximum value H 3 From about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In a further example, the third and fourth grinder bars 26C, 36C, 26D, 36D may include a width (not separately labeled) extending between the side edges of the respective grinder bars 26C, 36C, 26D, 36D of about 2mm to about 8mm.
Each first grinder bar 26A ', 36A' is radially inward of a position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 1' Extending to a first radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 2' . Each second grinder bar 26B ', 36B' extends to a second radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 3' . Each third grinder bar 26C, 36C extends to a third radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 4 . Each fourth grinder bar 26D, 36D extends to a fourth radially outer position P on the grinding surface 24, 34 5 . Fourth radially outward position P 5 May be radially outer than the first, second and third positions P 2' 、P 3' 、P 4 Closer to the outermost part of the abrasive body 22, 32, e.g. the radially outer edge 27, 37. The fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D may include a longitudinal length L of from about 0.6cm to about 10cm, and preferably from about 2cm to about 10cm 1 。
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4B,5B, and 6B, the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be integral with the first grinder bars 26A ', 36A' such that the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' are located radially outward from the first position P 2' To a second radially outer position P 3' . In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4B,5B, and 6B, the third grinder bars 26C, 36C and the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be integral such that the third grinder bars 26C, 36C are located radially outward from the second position P 3' To a third radially outer position P 4 The fourth bars 26D, 36D and the third bars 26C, 36C may be integral such that the fourth bars 26D, 36D are located radially outward from the third position P 4 To a fourth radially outer position P 5 . In one particular embodiment, the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be positioned radially outward from the first position P 2' In the continuous directionDown-inclined to a second radially outer position P 3' . As shown in FIG. 6B, the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may include a longitudinal length L from about 0.6cm to about 10cm, preferably from about 2cm to about 10cm 1 . The height of the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be along substantially the entire longitudinal length L 1 From the second maximum height H 2 Continuously decrease to a second minimum height H 2' . In another embodiment, as shown in phantom in fig. 6B, the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' may be substantially horizontally displaced from the first radially outer position P 2' To a second radially outer position P 3' Such that the second grinder bars 26B ',36B ' are substantially along the entire longitudinal length L of the second grinder bars 26B ',36B 1 At the second maximum height H 2 . In one particular embodiment, the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D may be positioned radially outward from the third position P 4 Continuously downwardly inclined to a fourth radially outer position P 5 . As shown in FIG. 6B, the height of the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D may be along substantially the entire longitudinal length L 2 From the fourth maximum height H 4 Continuously decreases to a fourth minimum height H 4' . In another embodiment, as shown in phantom in FIG. 6B, the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D may be substantially horizontally displaced from a third radially outward position P 4 To a fourth radially outer position P 5 Such that the fourth grinding bars 26D, 36D are along substantially the entire longitudinal length L thereof 2 At a fourth maximum height H 4 . In other embodiments (not shown), the third grinder bars 26C, 36C may be radially spaced a distance from the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D.
Referring to fig. 4B,5B and 7, in accordance with the present disclosure, the grinding surfaces 24, 34 may include dams 29, 39 disposed in at least a portion of the first and/or third grinder grooves 28A ', 38A', 28C, 38C.
As described for the first and second grinder bars 26A, 36A, 26B, 36B in fig. 4A, 5A and 6A, the first grinder bars 26A ', 36A' in fig. 4B,5B and 6B are adapted to grind wood fibers, while the second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' in fig. 4B,5B and 6B are adapted to break up wood fibers. In accordance with the present disclosure, the third grinder bar 26C, 36C is adapted to grind wood fibers (similar to the first grinder bar 26A ', 36A'), while the fourth grinder bar 26D, 36D is adapted to break up the fiber bundles (similar to the second grinder bar 26B ', 36B').
Referring to fig. 1, 4B,5B and 6B, in accordance with the present disclosure, a grinding space 60 is defined at least in part by the first grinder grooves 28A ', 38A' and the third grinder grooves 28C, 38C and is radially inward P on the grinding surfaces 24, 34 1' Extending to a first radially outer position P 2' And from a second radially outer position P 3' To a third radially outer position P 4 May at least partially define the first and second abrasive regions, respectively. In accordance with the present disclosure, the grinding space 60 is at least partially defined by the second and fourth grinder grooves 28B ', 38B', 28D, 38D and is located radially outward from the first position P on the grinding surfaces 24, 34 2' To a second radially outer position P 3' And from a third radially outer position P 4 To a fourth radially outer position P 5 May at least partially define the first and second fluffing zones, respectively. It is believed that to stop grinding fibers and begin fluffing, second maximum height H of second grinder bars 26B ', 36B' is 2 Should be greater than the first maximum height H of the first grinding bars 26A', 36A 1 At least about 0.35mm smaller. Similarly, it is contemplated that the fourth maximum height H of the fourth grinder bars 26D, 36D is such that to stop grinding fibers and begin fluffing 4 Should be greater than the third maximum height H of the third grinding bars 26C, 36C 3 At least about 0.35mm smaller. The first and second abrasive regions may comprise 60% or more of the total area on each abrasive surface 24, 34 defined by the first and second abrasive regions and the fluffing region.
Fig. 8 and 9 are partial cross-sectional views of the first and second abrasive bodies 22, 32/132 of the first and second abrasive members 20, 30/130 according to the present disclosure. The first abrasive member 20 is spaced apart from the second abrasive member 30 and positioned adjacent to and opposite the second abrasive member 30 (see fig. 1). In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, an abrasive body according to the present invention, such as first abrasive body 22, is paired with a conventional abrasive body 132. The first abrasive body 22 includes a first grinder bar 26A, a first grinder groove 28A, a second grinder bar 26B, and a second grinder groove 28B, which may correspond to the first and second grinder bars 26A, 26B and first and second grinder grooves 28A, 28B described in this disclosure with respect to fig. 4A, 4B, 6A, 6B, and 7. It is to be understood that those features described in fig. 8 for the first and second grinder bars 26A, 26B and the first and second grinder grooves 28A, 28B apply equally to the third and fourth grinder bars 26C, 26D and the third and fourth grinder grooves 28C, 28D, respectively, described in this disclosure (see fig. 4B,5B and 6B). The conventional abrasive body 132 includes a conventional grinder bar 136 and a grinder groove 138, the conventional grinder bar 136 having a uniform height along substantially its entire longitudinal length. In other embodiments (not shown), the non-rotating stator components (e.g., first grinding member 20) may comprise conventional grinder bars having a uniform height along substantially the entire length, and the rotating rotor components, e.g., second grinding member 30, may comprise grinder bars 26A, 26B and grinder grooves 28A, 28B (see fig. 1) according to the present disclosure.
In fig. 8, the outer surface S of the first grinder bar 26A is defined 26A And the outer surface S of a conventional grinder bar 136 136 First gap G therebetween 1 . In examples where the second grinder bar 26B slopes continuously downward, it may be at the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B 26B And the outer surface of the conventional grinder bar 136 to define a second gap G therebetween 2 Wherein G is 2 Greater than G 1 . In examples where the second grinder bar 26B extends substantially horizontally (shown by dashed lines in fig. 8), it may be at the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B 26B' And the outer surface S of a conventional grinder bar 136 136 Define a third gap G therebetween 3 Wherein G is 3 Greater than G 1 . In embodiments where one of the second grinder bars (e.g., second grinder bar 26B) is inclined, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B 26B With the outer surface S of a conventional grinder bar 136 136 May follow at least a portion of the longitudinal length of the second grinding bar 26B (not labeled; see fig. 6A and 6B) from corresponding to the third gap G 3 To correspond to the second gap G 2 Continuously increases.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, one abrasive body according to the invention (e.g. the first abrasive body 22) is paired with another abrasive body according to the invention (e.g. the second abrasive body 32). The first abrasive body 22 includes a first grinder bar 26A, a first grinder groove 28A, a second grinder bar 26B, and a second grinder groove 28B, which may correspond to the first and second grinder bars 26A, 26B and first and second grinder grooves 28A, 28B described in this disclosure with respect to fig. 4A, 4B, 6A, 6B, and 7. The second abrasive body 32 comprises a first grinder bar 36A, a first grinder groove 38A, a second grinder bar 36B, and a second grinder groove 38B, which may correspond to the first and second grinder bars 36A, 36B and first and second grinder grooves 38A, 38B described in the present disclosure with respect to fig. 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, and 7. It will be appreciated that those features described in fig. 9 for the first and second grinder bars 26A, 26B, 36A, 36B and first and second grinder grooves 28A, 28B, 38A, 38B apply equally to the third and fourth grinder bars 26C, 26D and third and fourth grinder grooves 28C, 28D (see fig. 4B,5B, 6B) described in this disclosure, respectively.
First gap G 1 An outer surface S defined on the first abrasive bar 26A of the first abrasive body 22 26A And the outer surface S of the first grinding bar 36A of the second grinding body 32 36A In between. In the example where both the second grinder bar 26B of the first abrasive body 22 and the second grinder bar 36B of the second abrasive body 32 slope continuously downward, it may be at the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B 26B With the outer surface S of the second abrasive bar 36B of the second abrasive body 32 36B Define a gap G therebetween 4 Wherein, G 4 Greater than G 1 . In the case where one of the second grinder bars (e.g., second grinder bar 26B of first abrasive body 22) is continuously inclined downwardly and the other of the second grinder bars (e.g., second grinder bar 36B of second abrasive body 32) is basedIn the present example of horizontal extension (shown in dashed lines in fig. 9), it is possible to provide the outer surface S of the second grinding bar 26B 26B With the outer surface S of the second grinding bar 36B 36B' Define a gap G therebetween 5 Wherein G is 5 Greater than G 1 . In the example where the second abrasive bars 26B of the first abrasive bodies 22 and the second abrasive bars 36B of the second abrasive bodies 32 both extend substantially horizontally (shown in dashed lines in fig. 9), they may be on the outer surface S of the second abrasive bars 26B 26B' And the outer surface S of the second grinding bar 36B 36B' Define a gap G therebetween 6 Wherein G is 6 Greater than G 1 . In some specific examples, G 4 Greater than G 5 ，G 5 Greater than G 6 。
In embodiments where one or both of the second grinder bars 26B, 36B are inclined, as shown in FIG. 9, the outer surface S of the second grinder bars 26B, 36B 26B 、S 26B' 、S 36B 、S 36B' The distance therebetween may increase continuously along at least a portion of the longitudinal length of one or both of the respective second grinder bars 26B, 36B (not labeled; see fig. 6A and 6B). For example, when one abrasive body (e.g., first abrasive body 22) includes an angled second grinder bar 26B, the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B, 36B 26B 、S 36B' May be selected to correspond to the gap G 6 Is increased to correspond to the third gap G 5 The maximum distance of (c). When both abrasive bodies 22, 32 comprise an inclined second grinder bar 26B, 36B, the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 26B, 36B 26B 、S 36B May be selected to correspond to the gap G 6 Is increased to correspond to the gap G 4 The maximum distance of (c).
In all of the embodiments depicted in fig. 8 and 9, as the rotatable grinding member (e.g., first grinding member 20; see fig. 1) rotates relative to the stationary grinding member (e.g., second grinding member 30/130; see fig. 1), the wood pulp slurry comprising wood fibers is supplied to the frame 66 of the grinding mill 10 (see fig. 1), such as the inlet 16, and into the grinding space 60 defined between the first and second grinding bodies 22, 32/132. Ginseng radix (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)Referring to fig. 8, as the wood fibers enter the grinding space 60 in a portion at least partially defined by the first grinder grooves 28A of the first grinding bodies 22 and the grinder grooves 138 of the second grinding bodies 132, the first and second grinding bodies 22, 132 are spaced apart to define a first gap G between the first grinder bar 26A of the first grinding body 22 and the conventional grinder bar 136 of the second grinding body 132 1 Such that the grinder bars 26A and 136 interact with each other to grind wood fibers, as described in the present disclosure. It is believed that the first gap G is such that polishing occurs 1 Should be less than about 0.9mm, preferably between about 0.2mm to about 0.9 mm.
With continued reference to fig. 8, as the wood fibres enter the portion of the grinding space 60 which is at least partly defined by the second grinder grooves 28B of the first grinding bodies 22 and the grinder grooves 138 of the second grinding bodies 132, the distance between the second grinder strips 26B of the first grinding bodies 22 and the grinder strips 136 of the second grinding bodies 132 increases, so that grinding can be considered stopped and defibration begins. In embodiments where the second grinder bar 26B slopes continuously downward, the distance is from the first gap G 1 To a second gap G 2 . In embodiments where the second grinding bar 26B extends substantially horizontally, the distance is from the first gap G 1 To a third gap G 3 . It can be considered that for defibration to take place, the distance between the second grinding bars 26B of the first grinding bodies 22 and the grinding bars 136 of the second grinding bodies 132, i.e. G 2 Or G 3 And should be between about 0.9mm to about 1.5mm.
Referring to fig. 9, as the wood fibers enter the portion of the grinding space 60 defined at least in part by the first grinder grooves 28A, 38A of the first and second grinding bodies 22, 32, respectively, the first and second grinding bodies 22, 32 are spaced apart to define a first gap G between the first grinder bars 26A, 36A 1 Such that the grinder bars 26A, 36A interact with each other to grind the wood fibers, as described in the present disclosure. The first grinding as wood fibres enter the grinding space 60 in a portion at least partly defined by the second grinder grooves 28B, 38B of the first and second grinding bodies 22, 32, respectivelyThe distance between the second grinder bar 26B of the grinding body 22 and the second grinder bar 36B of the second grinding body 32 increases to the gap G 4 、G 5 Or G 6 Such that grinding stops and fluffing starts. It is believed that the first gap G is such that polishing occurs 1 Should be less than about 0.9mm, preferably between about 0.2mm to about 0.9mm, and for fluffing to occur, the gap G 4 、G 5 、G 6 Should be between about 0.9mm to about 1.5mm.
Referring to fig. 1, 6A, 6B, 8, and 9, a gap G is defined between the abrasive bodies 22, 32/132 1 And G 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 Adjustment may be by applying axial pressure to at least one of the first or second grinding members 20, 30, for example, by means of a second motor 76 coupled to the movable support frame 68 via a screw jack (not shown). For a single disc grinder, the second grinding member 30 may be directly coupled to the movable support frame 68 such that the second grinding member 30 moves with the movable support frame 68 as the movable support frame 68 is moved via the second motor 76 and the screw jack. With the double disc grinder 10, the second grinding member 30 moves as described above, i.e., as the screw jack rotates in the first direction, causing the movable support frame 68 and the fourth grinding member 50 to move inwardly toward the third grinding member 40. The fourth grinding member 50 then applies an axial force to the slurry passing through the second grinding space 62, which in turn applies an axial force to the third grinding member 40, causing the third grinding member 40, the support 70 and the second grinding member 30 to move inwardly towards the first grinding member 20.
By adjusting the positioning of the second abrasive member 30 relative to the first abrasive member 20 via the second motor 76 (either manually controlled or via a controller/processor control coupled to the second motor 76) and the screw jack, a gap G defined between the abrasive bars 26A, 36A, 136 1 Is maintained at a substantially constant clearance value such that it is desirable to operate the mill by a first motor 74 (manually controlled or via coupling to the first motor) operating at a predetermined rotational speed to process a quantity of wood pulp passing through the grinding space 6074) controls) the amount of power input/generated to be maintained at a predetermined input power level that is monitored by an operator or controller/processor controlling the first motor 74. For example, if wood pulp is passed at a flow rate of 151 gallons per minute through a 20 inch diameter cylinder
The milling space 60 of the Twinflo IIIB low consistency mill and the first motor 74 is operated at a constant speed of 800RPM, the second motor 76 is controlled to move the second milling member 30 relative to the first milling member 20 until the power input by the first motor 74 equals 114 kw. When the power input by the first motor 74 is equal to 114 kilowatts, the size of the gap between the first and second grinding members 20, 30 is presumed to be 0.57mm.
With continued reference to fig. 1, 6A, 6B, 8, and 9, it can be said that the gap G required to achieve fluffing is achieved 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 Can vary depending on the load or flow rate (i.e., liters/minute of wood pulp slurry flowing through the grinding space 60) to which the abrasive bodies 22, 32/132 are subjected. For example, when the grinding bodies 22, 32/132 are lightly loaded, as the fibers enter the portion of the grinding space 60 defined at least in part by the second grinder grooves 28B/28B ', 38B/38B', such as when wood fibers are moving through a first radially outward position P shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B 2 /P 2' And/or a third radially outer position P4, the grinding of the wood fibres can be stopped almost immediately to start the defibering. When the grinding bodies 22, 32/132 are heavily loaded, some grinding of the wood fibres continues at least along that part of the grinding space 60 which is at least partly defined by the second grinder grooves 28B/28B ', 38B/38B'.
In the case of a heavy load on the grinding bodies 22, 32/132, the embodiment in which one or both of the second grinder bars 26B/26B ' of the first grinding body 22 and the second grinder bars 36B/36B ' of the second grinding body 32 are continuously inclined downwards, it is ensured that the grinder bars 26B/26B ' and 38B ' are realized at least along that part of the grinding space 60 which is at least partly defined by the second grinder grooves 28B/28B ', 38B/38B136/36B' may be particularly advantageous with sufficient distance therebetween to allow grinding to stop and fluffing to begin. In addition, the abrasive surfaces 24, 34 of the abrasive bodies 22, 32 wear and degrade over time. In particular, the first and third grinder bars 26A/26A ', 26C, 36A/36A', 36C, which perform the majority of the high intensity, high energy grinding, may wear out faster than the second and fourth grinder bars 26B/26B ',26D,36B/36B', 36D, which perform the fluffing, which is typically less intense and energetic than grinding. The position of the abrasive body 22, 32/132 can be adjusted as described in this disclosure so as to conform to the outer surface S 26A 、S 36A The wear is started by a first gap G between the first and third grinding bars 26A/26A ', 26C, 36A/36A', 36C 1 Is maintained at a substantially constant value. However, the gap G between the second and fourth grinder bars 26B/26B ',26D,36B/36B', 36D 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 May not be adjustable. Thus, embodiments in which one or both of the second grinder bars 26B/26B ',36B/36B' and/or one or both of the fourth grinder bars 36B/36B, 36D are inclined are believed to cause the transition between the grinding zone and the fluffing zone to shift radially outward along the longitudinal length (not labeled; see fig. 6A and 6B) of the second and fourth grinder bars 26B/26B ',26D,36B/36B', 36D as the first and third grinder bars 26A/26A ', 26C, 36A/36A', 36C wear.
Fig. 10 and 11 are top views of portions of the abrasive surfaces of a first abrasive body 22 'and a second abrasive body 32', respectively, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, 10 and 11, the first and second abrasive bodies 22',32' can be part of an abrasive member (e.g., first and second abrasive members 20, 30), respectively, of the present disclosure for use in a wood pulp grinder, such as the disc grinder 10 depicted in fig. 1. Each grinding member 20, 30, including the first and second grinding bodies 22',32', respectively, may be associated with a main support frame, including a fixed support frame 66 fixed to the first housing component 12 and a movable support frame 68. A grinding member, such as the first grinding member 20 including the first grinding body 22', may be mounted to the support frame 66 of the grinding machine 10 to define a non-rotating stator member. Another grinding member, such as second grinding member 30 including second grinding bodies 32', may be mounted to a support 70 that rotates with a shaft 72 and defines a rotor associated with the main support frame, such that rotation of the rotor causes second grinding member 30 to move relative to first grinding member 20. Third and fourth abrasive members (not shown) having third and fourth abrasive bodies similar to the first and second abrasive bodies 22',32' may also be provided.
As shown in fig. 10, the first abrasive body 22' includes a plurality of components 22A ' -22C ' that may be bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 22' including a radially outer edge 27 '. Each of the sections 22A '-22C' includes a plurality of elongated grinder bars 26 'separated from each other by grinder grooves 28'. Although not shown in fig. 10, it will be appreciated that other components (not labeled) of the first abrasive body 22' will similarly include an abrasive bar 26' and an abrasive trough 28'. The grinding bars 26 'extend radially outwards from the radially inner portion 23' of the first grinding body 22 'to the radially outer edge 27'. Each part 22A ' -22C ' of the first grinding body 22' may comprise one or more radially extending pie-shaped sections, including at least one first pie-shaped section 22B-1 and at least one second pie-shaped section 22B-2.
As shown in fig. 11, the second abrasive body 32' comprises a corresponding plurality of components 32A ' -32C ' that may be bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 32' comprising a radially outer edge 37 '. Each section 32A '-32C' includes a plurality of elongated grinder bars 36 'separated from each other by grinder grooves 38'. Although not shown in fig. 11, it will be appreciated that other components (not labeled) of the second abrasive body 32' will similarly include an abrasive bar 36' and an abrasive groove 38'. The grinding bars 36 'extend radially outwards from the radially inner portion 33' of the second grinding body 32 'to a radially outer edge 37'. Each part 32A ' -32C ' of the second grinding body 32' may comprise one or more radially extending pie-shaped sections comprising at least one first pie-shaped section 32B-1 and at least one second pie-shaped section 32B-2. Although not discussed in detail herein, the third and fourth abrasive bodies 42, 52 of fig. 1 may be substantially similar in construction to the first and second abrasive bodies 22',32', respectively, described in the present disclosure.
At least one of the first and second abrasive bodies 22',32' of fig. 10 and 11 includes one or more components 22A '-22C', 32A '-32C' having at least one radially extending pie-shaped section (e.g., 22B-1 and 32B-1) of abrasive bars 26', 36' that include one or more features that are different from the abrasive bars 26', 36' in adjacent radially extending pie-shaped sections (e.g., 22B-2 and 32B-2), respectively. Fig. 12A and 12B are partial sectional views in which the first and second abrasive bodies 22',32' of fig. 10 and 11 are spaced apart from each other, positioned adjacent to each other and facing each other (see fig. 1). In fig. 12A, a first grinder bar 26-1 may be positioned on the grinding surface 24-1 (also referred to herein as a first grinding surface) of at least one first pie-shaped section 22B-1 of the first grinding body 22', spaced apart from, positioned adjacent to, and facing the third grinder bar 36-1, a third grinder bar 36-1, and a third grinder bar 36-1 may be positioned on the grinding surface 34-1 (also referred to herein as a third grinding surface) of at least one third pie-shaped section 32B-1 of the second grinding body 32'. In fig. 12B, a second grinder bar 26-2 may be positioned on the grinding surface 24-2 (also referred to herein as a second grinding surface) of at least one second pie-shaped section 22B-2 of the first grinding body 22', spaced apart from, positioned adjacent to and facing the fourth grinder bar 36-2, and a fourth grinder bar 36-2 may be positioned on the grinding surface 34-2 (also referred to herein as a fourth grinding surface) of at least one fourth pie-shaped section 32B-2 of the second grinding body 32'.
Referring to fig. 10, 11 and 12A, first grinder bar 26-1 is separated from each other by first grinder grooves 28-1 and may include a bottom F from respective adjacent first grinder grooves 28-1 1' First maximum height H extending upward 1' . The third grinder bars 36-1 are separated from each other by third grinder grooves 38-1 and may include a bottom F from each adjacent third grinder groove 38-1 3' A third maximum height H extending upward 3' . As shown in FIG. 12A, the firstThe first and third grinder bars 26-1, 36-1 may be substantially similar to each other, and the first and third maximum heights H 1' 、H 3' May be substantially equal.
Referring to fig. 10, 11 and 12B, the second grinder bars 26-2 are separated from each other by second grinder grooves 28-2 and may include a bottom F from adjacent second grinder grooves 28-2 2' Second maximum height H extending upward 2' . The fourth grinder bars 36-2 are separated from each other by fourth grinder grooves 38-2 and may include a bottom F from adjacent fourth grinder grooves 38-2 4' A fourth maximum height H extending upwardly 4' . As shown in FIG. 12B, the second and fourth grinder bars 26-2, 36-2 may be substantially similar to each other, and the second and fourth maximum heights H 2' 、H 4' May be substantially equal. All of the grinder bars 26-1, 26-2, 36-1, 36-2 within each pie-shaped section 22B-1, 22B-2, 32B-1, 32B-2 may include the same height relative to each other.
Second maximum height H of second grinder bar 26-2 2' May be less than the first maximum height H of the first grinder bar 26-1 1' . In some examples, the bottom F of the second grinder groove 28-2 when taken from adjacent 2' At the time of measurement, the second maximum height H 2' May be greater than the first maximum height H 1' At least 0.35mm smaller. In other examples, when viewed from the bottom F of the adjacent second grinder groove 28-2 2' At the time of measurement, the second maximum height H 2' May be greater than the first maximum height H 1' At least 0.70mm smaller. In another example, the grinding grooves 28-1 are formed from the bottom F of the respective adjacent first grinder grooves 28-1 1' The first maximum height H of the first grinding bar 26-1 is measured 1' And may be about 4mm to about 10mm. In one particular example, when viewed from the bottom F of each adjacent second grinder groove 28-2 2' Second maximum height H of second grinder bar 26-2 when measured 2' May be greater than the first maximum height H 1' From about 0.35mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In another specific example, when viewed from the bottom F of the respective adjacent second grinder grooves 28-2 2' The second maximum height H of the second grinding bar 26-2 when measured 2' May be greater than the first maximum height H 1' From about 0.7mm to about 1.5mm smaller. In a further example, the first and second grinder bars 26-1, 26-2 may include a width extending between the side edges of the respective grinder bars 26-1, 26-2 of about 2mm to about 8mm (not shown; see fig. 7). Fourth maximum height H of fourth grinder bar 36-2 4' May correspond to a second maximum height H 2' Which may be less than the third maximum height H of the third grinder bar 36-1 3' Third maximum height H 3' May correspond to a first maximum height H 1' 。
Referring to fig. 1, 10, 11, 12A and 12B, when the second grinding member 30 is rotated relative to the first grinding member 20, the grinding surface 34-1 of at least one third pie-shaped section 32B-1 of the second grinding body 32 'will pass the grinding surface 24-1 of at least one first pie-shaped section 22B-1 of the first grinding body 22' and the grinding surface 34-2 of at least one fourth pie-shaped section 32B-2 of the second grinding body 32 'will pass the grinding surface 24-2 of at least one second pie-shaped section 22B-2 of the first grinding body 22'. The third maximum height H is included when wood pulp slurry is supplied to the frame 66 (e.g., inlet 16) of the grinder 10 and passes through the grinding space 60, and the grinding surface 34-1 of the at least one third pie-shaped section 32B-1 of the second grinding bodies 32' passes the grinding surface 24-1 of the at least one first pie-shaped section 22B-1 of the first grinding bodies 22 3' Will be positioned to include the first maximum height H 1' Such that the first grinder bar 26-1 and the third grinder bar 36-1 grind a substantial amount of wood fibers. A fourth maximum height H is included when the grinding surface 34-2 of at least one fourth pie-shaped section 32B-2 of the second grinding body 32 'passes the grinding surface 24-2 of at least one second pie-shaped section 22B-2 of the first grinding body 22' 4' Will be positioned to include a second maximum height H 2' Such that the second grinder bar 26-2 and the fourth grinder bar 36-2 break or separate the plurality of wood fiber bundles in the wood pulp slurry, as described in this disclosure. When at least one third pie-shaped section 32B-1 of the second grinding body 32' is groundA low intensity grinding can occur when the grinding surface 34-1 passes the grinding surface 24-2 of at least one second pie-shaped section 22B-2 of the first grinding body 22' and the grinding surface 34-2 of at least one fourth pie-shaped section 32B-2 of the second grinding body 32' passes the grinding surface 24-1 of at least one first pie-shaped section 22B-1 of the first grinding body 22'.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, in some examples, one or more of the components 22A '-22C', 32A '-32C' of each abrasive body 22',32' can each include three radially extending pie-shaped segments 22B-1, 22B-2, 22B-3 and 32B-1, 32B-2, 32B-3. In some specific examples, two sections (e.g., 22B-1, 22B-3 and 32B-1, 32B-3) can include a first or second maximum height H 1' 、 H 2' One of the grinding bars, and one section (e.g., 22B-2 and 32B-2) may include a first or second maximum height H 1' 、H 2' In the grinding mill bar of the other, wherein the second maximum height H 2' Less than the first maximum height H 1' . For example, sections 22B-1, 22B-3 may include a first grinder bar 26-1, sections 32B-1, 32B-3 may include a third grinder bar 36-1, section 22B-2 may include a second grinder bar 26-2, and section 32B-2 may include a fourth grinder bar 36-2. In other examples (not shown), one or more of the components 22A '-22C', 32A '-32C' may each include only two sections of a grinder bar, or may each include four or more sections of a grinder bar. In further examples (not shown), one or more of the components 22A '-22C', 32A '-32C' may not include individual sections, such that the entire component includes a grinder bar having one height. It is understood that an abrasive body according to the present disclosure (e.g., one of the abrasive bodies 22', 32') can be paired with an abrasive body that includes conventional grinder bars (e.g., grinder bars all having the same height).
It is believed that for grinding to occur, the gap between the opposing first and third grinder bars 26-1, 36-1 should be less than about 0.9mm, preferably between about 0.2mm and about 0.9mm, while for fluffing to occur, the gap between the opposing second and fourth grinder bars 26-2, 36-2 should be from about 0.9mm to about 1.5mm.
Fig. 13 and 14 are plan views of portions of a first abrasive surface 224 of a first abrasive body 222 and a second abrasive surface 234 of a second abrasive body 232, respectively, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, 13 and 14, the first and second abrasive bodies 222, 232 may each be part of an abrasive member, such as the abrasive members 20, 30, described in this disclosure, for use in a wood pulp grinder, such as the disc grinder 10 depicted in fig. 1. Each grinding member 20, 30, including the first and second grinding bodies 222, 232, respectively, can be associated with a main support frame including a fixed support frame 66 and a movable support frame 68 fixed to the first housing component 12. One grinding member (e.g., the first grinding member 20 including the first grinding body 222) may be mounted to the support frame 66 of the grinding machine 10 to define a non-rotating stator member. Another grinding member, such as second grinding member 30 including second grinding bodies 232, may be mounted to a support 70 that rotates with shaft 72 and defines a rotor associated with the main support frame such that rotation of the rotor causes second grinding member 30 to move relative to first grinding member 20.
As shown in fig. 13, the first abrasive body 222 comprises a plurality of components (not separately labeled; see fig. 2 and 3) that may be bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 222 comprising a radially outer edge 227. The first grinding surface 224 includes a plurality of elongated first grinder bars 226 separated from each other by first grinder grooves 228. The first grinder bar 226 extends radially outward from a radially inner portion 223 of the first grinding body 222 towards a radially outer edge 227. The first grinder bar 226 can be inclined at various angles as shown in fig. 13, and each component of the abrasive body 222 can include one or more sections (not labeled) of the grinder bar 226 inclined in different directions. The first abrasive body 222 also includes one or more annular rows or rings of teeth 400 located between the first grinder bar 226 and the radially outer edge 227 of the first abrasive body 222. Although not shown in fig. 13, it is understood that other components (not labeled) of the first abrasive body 222 will similarly include the grinder bar 226, the grinder grooves 228, and the teeth 400.
As shown in fig. 14, the second abrasive body 232 comprises a plurality of components (not separately labeled; see fig. 2 and 3) that may be bolted or otherwise attached together to form a disc-shaped abrasive body 232 comprising a radially outer edge 237. The second abrasive surface 234 includes a plurality of elongated second grinder bars 236 separated from each other by second grinder grooves 238. The second grinding bars 236 extend radially outwards from the radially inner region 233 of the second grinding body 232 towards the radially outer edge 237. The second grinder bar 236 may be inclined at various angles as shown in fig. 14, and each component of the grinding body 232 may include one or more sections (not labeled) of the grinder bar 236 inclined in different directions. The second abrasive body 232 further comprises one or more annular rows or rings of teeth 400 located between the second grinder bar 236 and the radially outer edge 237 of the second abrasive body 232. Although not shown in fig. 14, it will be appreciated that other components (not labeled) of second abrasive body 232 will similarly include an abrading strip 236, abrading grooves 238, and teeth 400. Additionally, although not discussed in detail herein, the configuration of the abrasive surfaces 44, 54 of the third and fourth abrasive bodies 42, 52 of fig. 1 may include a configuration substantially similar to the abrasive surfaces 224, 234 of the first and second abrasive bodies 222, 232, respectively, described in this disclosure.
Fig. 15 and 16 are detailed views of a portion of the first and second abrasive surfaces 224, 234 of fig. 13 and 14, respectively. Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first grinder bar 226 and teeth 400B and a second grinder bar 236 and teeth 400a,400c, the first grinder bar 226 and teeth 400B may be located on the first abrasive body 222 of fig. 13 and 15, and the second grinder bar 236 and teeth 400a,400c may be located on the second abrasive body 232 of fig. 14 and 16, wherein the first abrasive body 222 is spaced apart from the second abrasive body 232, positioned adjacent to and facing the second abrasive body 232 so as to define an abrasive space 260 therebetween. Referring to fig. 15-17, the first abrasive surface 224 includes first abrasive bars 226 separated from each other by first abrasive grooves 228 and the second abrasive surface 234 includes second abrasive bars 236 separated from each other by second abrasive grooves 238. First and second abrasive surfaces 224, 2 according to the present disclosure34 may include dams 229, 239 disposed in at least a portion of the first and second grinder grooves 228, 238. Each of the first and second grinder bars 226, 236 is radially inward of the respective first and second grinding surfaces 224, 234 at a position P 100 Extending to a first radially outer position P 200 . In some examples, the radially inward position P 100 May include a location at or near the respective radially inner locations 223, 233 (see fig. 13 and 14). The first and second grinder bars 226, 236 may each include a width W extending between side edges of the respective grinder bar 226, 236 226 、W 236 It is from about 2mm to about 8mm.
The first grinding surface 224 comprises a radially outer edge RO located at a first grinding bar 226 226 And a radially outer edge 227 of the first abrasive body 222. First tooth 400B extends to a third radially outward position, e.g., P, on first grinding surface 224 400 Wherein the third radially outer position P 400 At a position P radially outside the first radial position of the first grinding bar 226 200 Closer to the outermost portion of the first abrasive body 222, such as the radially outer edge 227. The second grinding surface 234 comprises a radially outer edge RO located at the second grinding bar 236 236 And a radially outer edge 237 of the second grinding body 232. The second teeth 400A,400C extend to a second or fourth radially outward position, e.g., P, on the second abrasive surface 234 300 Or P 500 Wherein the second and fourth radially outer positions P 300 、P 500 At a position P radially outer than the first radial position of the second grinding bar 236 200 Closer to the outermost portion of the second abrasive body 232, e.g. the radially outer edge 237.
With continued reference to fig. 15-17, the teeth 400A-400C may be arranged in concentric circles and may project substantially perpendicularly toward each other from the respective grinding surface 224, 234. Comprising a ring of first teeth 400B and a radially outer edge RO of the first grinding bar 226 226 Spaced apart from the first substantially flat region 282 and spaced apart from the radially outer edge 227 of the abrasive body 222 is a second substantially flat region 284. Including the ring of second teeth 400A and the radially outer edge of the second grinding bar 236Edge RO 236 Spaced apart from the first substantially flat region 286, and from the ring including the second teeth 400C, spaced apart from the second substantially flat region 288. In the embodiment shown in fig. 15-17, the first abrasive surface 224 of the first abrasive body 222 comprises one concentric row/ring of first teeth 400B and the second abrasive surface 234 of the second abrasive body 232 comprises two concentric rows/rings of second teeth 400A,400C, wherein the first and second teeth 400A-400C are arranged on the respective abrasive surface 224, 234 such that the first teeth 400B intermesh with the second teeth 400A, 400C. In other embodiments (not shown), the first abrasive surface 224 may include two or more concentric rings, and the second abrasive surface 234 may include one concentric row of teeth, or three or more concentric rings of teeth. In all embodiments, one of the grinding bodies will comprise one less turn of teeth than the other grinding body, and the teeth are arranged on each grinding body such that the teeth from one grinding body intermesh with the teeth of the other grinding body, as known in the art.
It is to be appreciated that teeth 400A-400C may include any suitable shape and/or size known in the art. As shown in fig. 17 for tooth 400A, in some examples, each of the first and second teeth 400A-400C may include a substantially pyramidal or trapezoidal shape having a base 402, a radially inward facing surface 404, a radially outward facing surface 406, a side surface (not separately labeled) that slopes slightly inward toward a central axis (not labeled) of the tooth 400A, and a generally flat outer surface 408. The radially inward and outward facing surfaces 404, 406 of each tooth 400A-400C may be sloped from the base 402 toward its respective outer surface 408. The outer surface 408 of each tooth 400A-400C may be substantially parallel to a plane of the respective substantially flat region 282, 284, 288 opposite the tooth 400A-400C. In other examples (not shown), each of the first and second teeth 400A-400C may include a shape that is substantially triangular, rectangular, or any other suitable geometric shape. As shown in fig. 15-17, the base 402 of the teeth 400A-400C may include a radial dimension that is greater than the circumferential dimension, but in other embodiments (not shown), the base 402 may include a radial dimension that is less than the circumferential dimension. In some cases, at least the base 402 of the teeth 400A-400CA portion may comprise a longitudinal length (not labeled) of at least 0.6cm, i.e., in a radial direction, and in some particular cases, the longitudinal length may be between about 0.6cm and about 2 cm. In other instances, at least a portion of the base 402 of the teeth 400A-400C may include a width (not labeled) in the circumferential direction that is substantially equal to the width of one grinder bar 226, 236 (e.g., W) 226 、W 236 ) And the width W of an adjacent groove 228, 238 G The combined width of (a). Width W G And may be about 2mm to about 6mm. For example, the base 402 of the teeth 400A-400C may be at least about 10mm in the circumferential direction. In other cases, the base 402 of the teeth 400A-400C may be about 10mm to 20mm in the circumferential direction. Additionally, one or more of the radially inward and outward surfaces 404, 406 or sides of one or more of the teeth 400A-400C may include one or more radially extending projections that may affect the interaction of the teeth 400A-400C with the wood fibers to separate the wood fiber bundles. The teeth 400A-400C may have a structure similar to that shown in U.S. patent No. 8,342,437b2, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
As shown in fig. 17, the first grinder bar 226 includes a bottom F from the adjacent first grinder groove 228 100 First height H extending upward 100 The second grinder bar 236 includes a bottom F from the adjacent second grinder groove 238 200 Upwardly extending second height H 200 . In some examples, the first height H of the first grinder bar 226 and the second grinder bar 236 100 And a second height H 200 May be substantially equal to each other and may be about 4mm to about 10mm. The first abrasive body 222 and the second abrasive body 232 are defined by an outer surface S defined in the first grinder bar 226 226 And the outer surface S of the second grinder bar 236 236 First gap G therebetween 100 And (4) separating. Second gap G 200 Is defined between a generally flat outer surface 408 of the teeth 400A-400C and a corresponding one of the substantially flat regions 282, 284, 288 opposite the teeth 400A-400C, wherein G 200 May be greater than G 100 . In some examples, the teeth 400A-400C are adjacent from a respective first or secondThe upwardly extending height (not labeled) of the grinder grooves 228, 238 may be about 8 to 10mm. As shown in FIG. 17, the teeth 400A-400C intermesh such that a portion of one or both of the radially inward or outward facing surfaces 404, 406 of each tooth 400A-400C overlaps a portion of the radially inward or outward facing surface 404, 406 of an adjacent tooth 400A-400C in the axial direction (e.g., in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1). The overlapping portion(s) of the teeth 400A-400C may be defined by a third gap G defined between the respective radially inward or outward facing surfaces 404, 406 of the teeth 400A-400C 300 Spaced apart. In some examples, G 300 May be substantially equal to G 200 . In other examples, G 300 Can be less than or greater than G 200 。
Referring to fig. 1 and 17, when the wood pulp slurry is fed to the frame (e.g., inlet 16) of the grinder 10, the passage of wood fibers into the grinding space 260 is at least partially defined by the first and second grinder grooves 228, 238, e.g., from about a first radially inward position P 100 To about a first radially outer position P 200 The portion of (a). As described in this disclosure, first grinder bar 226 and second grinder bar 236 interact with each other to grind a significant amount of the wood fibers in the wood pulp. It is believed that the first gap G is such that polishing occurs 100 Should be less than about 0.9mm and preferably between about 0.2mm to about 0.9 mm. The ground wood fibers then enter a portion of the grinding space 260 defined at least in part by the respective first and second substantially flat regions 282, 284, 286, 288, e.g., from about a first radially outward position P 200 To about a fourth radially outer position P 500 . It is considered that the second gap G is formed for the purpose of causing the fluffing 200 And a third gap G 300 Should be between about 0.9mm to about 1.5mm. The tines 400A-400C are adapted to break or separate a plurality of fiber bundles in a wood pulp slurry as described in this disclosure. G 200 Greater than G 100 It can therefore be considered that at about the first radially outer position P 200 Where grinding stops and disintegration begins.
Referring to fig. 1 and 15-17, the abrasive surface 224, 234 of the abrasive body 222, 232, particularly the firstThe outer surfaces S of the first and second grinder bars 226, 236 226 、S 236 And the outer surfaces 408 of the teeth 400A-400C, may wear and degrade over time. To compensate for this wear, the spacing between the first and second grinding members 20, 30, including the first and second grinding bodies 222, 232, respectively, may be readjusted as described in this disclosure such that the first gap G 100 Remains substantially constant. Such adjustment of the first and second abrasive bodies 222, 232 may result in the second gap G 200 Reduced because the grinder bars 226, 236 perform a stronger grinding function than the teeth 400A-400C and generally wear out faster. This difference in wear may be accounted for in the selection of teeth 400A-400C (e.g., type(s) of metal used for teeth 400A-400C, second gap G 200 The shape of the teeth 400A-400C, etc.) such that a sufficient second gap G is maintained when wood fibers enter a portion of the grinding space 260 defined at least in part by the respective first and second substantially flat regions 282, 284, 286, 288 200 To ensure that grinding stops and fluffing starts. The third gap G when the grinding bodies 222, 232 are new 300 May be substantially equal to or greater than the second gap G 200 . The third gap G occurs as the grinding surfaces 224, 234 wear and the grinding members 20, 30 move closer together 300 May be reduced until the third gap G 300 Is smaller than the second gap G 200 。
In all embodiments described in this disclosure, the grinder 10 of fig. 1 may be coupled to a controller (not shown) that is derived from a fiber analyzer (e.g., a fiber analyzer)
MAP Pulp Analyzer (Valmet corp.)) receives data on one or more fiber properties measured at one or more locations downstream of the mill 10, such as the number, size, etc. of fiber bundles (also referred to as "wide slivers"), fibrillation, canadian standard freeness, fiber length, fiber width, kinking, crimp, coarseness, fineness, etc. Based on this data, the controller may control the operation of the grinding mill 10 as a feedback loopA part of (a). For example, the controller may adjust the spacing between one or more pairs of abrasive members 20, 30, 40, 50 to maintain one or more fiber properties within a predetermined target range. In some examples, it is contemplated that the controller may also increase or decrease the rotational speed of one or more rotating rotor members (e.g., the second and third grinding members 30, 40) of the grinding mill 10 based on such data. In other examples, the controller may change the grinding gap G, such as by changing the grinding gap G 1 、G 100 And a relief gap G 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 、G 200 、 G 300 To control the operation of the grinder 10 to produce ground softwood pulp having less than a predetermined number (e.g., 1,000ppm) of fiber bundles of a particular size (e.g., about 150 to 2,000 microns wide by 0.3 to 40 millimeters long).
In other examples, the grinding members 20, 30, 40, 50 according to the present disclosure may be installed in one or more of a plurality of grinders arranged in tandem, wherein each grinder may be substantially similar to the grinder 10 of fig. 1. The controller may control one or more operations of the plurality of mills to maintain one or more fiber properties within a predetermined target range. In some specific examples, the abrasive member 20, 30, 40, 50 according to the present disclosure may be installed in only the last abrasive of the series, while in other examples, the abrasive member 20, 30, 40, 50 according to the present disclosure may be installed in two or more abrasives.
FIG. 18 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method for processing wood fibers. Although reference is made to the components of the grinding mill 10 of fig. 1, it is to be understood that the method is not limited to this configuration. The method may begin at step 500 by providing a grinder 10 including at least a first pair of grinding members 20 and 30, 40 and 50. The at least one pair of abrasive members may include a first abrasive member 20 and a second abrasive member 30, the first abrasive member 20 including a first abrasive body 22 having a first abrasive surface 24, the second abrasive member 30 including a second abrasive body 32 having a second abrasive surface 34. First grinding tableFace 24 may include a first grinder bar 26A separated by a first grinder groove 28A and a second grinder bar 26B separated by a second grinder groove 28B, wherein a first grinder bar 26A has a bottom F from an adjacent first grinder groove 28A 1 First maximum height H extending upward 1 Second grinder bar 26B has a bottom F from an adjacent second grinder groove 28B 2 Second maximum height H extending upward 2 . Second abrasive surface 34 may include second member abrasive bars 36 separated by second abrasive grooves 38. The first abrasive member 20 can be spaced apart from the second abrasive member 30 to define an abrasive space 60 therebetween. At least a portion of the second component grinder bar 36 may be positioned to face the second grinder bar 26B of the first grinding component 20 such that a gap G is defined between the portion of the second component grinder bar 36 and the second grinder bar 26B 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 。
The method may continue with rotating at least one of the first grinding member 20 or the second grinding member 30 in step 510 such that the first grinding member 20 and the second grinding member 30 move relative to each other, and then supplying wood pulp slurry comprising wood fibers to the grinder 10 in step 520 such that the slurry passes through the grinding space 60. At step 530, axial pressure may be provided to at least one of the first or second grinding members 20, 30 while supplying slurry such that a gap G between the portion of the second member grinder bar 36 and the second grinder bar 26B 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 Between about 0.9mm to about 1.5mm, wherein a gap G is passed 2 、G 3 、G 4 、G 5 、G 6 Is separated, after which the method may be terminated.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (16)
1. An abrasive member for a wood pulp grinder, the abrasive member comprising:
an abrasive body comprising an abrasive surface, the abrasive surface comprising:
first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves, each first grinder bar extending from a radially inward position on the grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the grinding surface;
second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves, each second grinder bar extending to a second radially outer position on the grinding surface, the second grinder bars having a longitudinal length of 0.6cm to 10cm, wherein the second radially outer position is closer to the outermost part of the grinding body than the first radially outer position, the first grinder bars having a first maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of an adjacent first grinder groove, the second grinder bars having a second maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of an adjacent second grinder groove, the second maximum height being at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height;
wherein the first grinder bar is adapted to grind wood fibres and the second grinder bar is adapted to break up fibre bundles.
2. The grinding member of claim 1, wherein the first maximum height of a first grinder bar is 4mm to 10mm as measured from the bottom of an adjacent first grinder groove.
3. The grinding member of claim 2, wherein the second maximum height of a second grinder bar is 0.35mm to 1.5mm less than the first maximum height as measured from the bottom of an adjacent second grinder groove.
4. The grinding member of claim 2, wherein the second maximum height of a second grinder bar is 0.7mm to 1.5mm less than the first maximum height as measured from the bottom of an adjacent second grinder groove.
5. The abrasive member of claim 1, wherein the second abrasive bar has a longitudinal length of 2cm to 10cm.
6. The grinding member of claim 1, wherein the second grinder bar is integral with the first grinder bar such that the second grinder bar extends from a first radially outward position to a second radially outward position.
7. The grinding member of claim 6, wherein each second grinder bar slopes continuously downward from a first radially outward position to a second radially outward position.
8. The abrasive member of claim 1, wherein the first and second abrasive bars have a width extending between the side edges, the width being from 2mm to 8mm.
9. The grinding member of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first grinder groove is provided with a dam.
10. The abrasive member of claim 1, further comprising:
third grinder bars separated by third grinder grooves, each third grinder bar extending to a third radially outward position on the grinding surface;
fourth grinder bars separated by fourth grinder grooves, each fourth grinder bar extending to a fourth radially outer position on the grinding surface, the fourth grinder bars having a longitudinal length of 0.6cm to 10cm, wherein the fourth radially outer position is closer to the outermost portion of the grinding body than the third radially outer position, the third grinder bars having a third maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of an adjacent third grinder groove, the fourth grinder bars having a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from the bottom of an adjacent fourth grinder groove, the fourth maximum height being at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height;
wherein the third grinder bar is adapted to grind wood fibres and the fourth grinder bar is adapted to break up fibre bundles.
11. The grinding member of claim 10, wherein the third grinder bar is integral with the second grinder bar such that the third grinder bar extends from a second radially outward position to a third radially outward position, and the fourth grinder bar is integral with the third grinder bar such that the fourth grinder bar extends from the third radially outward position to a fourth radially outward position.
12. A wood pulp grinder comprising:
a frame;
at least a first pair of abrasive members comprising:
a first polishing member associated with the frame and including a first polishing body including a first polishing surface, the first polishing surface including:
first grinder bars separated by first grinder grooves, each first grinder bar extending from a radially inward position on the grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the grinding surface; and
second grinder bars separated by second grinder grooves, each second grinder bar extending to a second radially outer position on the grinding surface, the second grinder bars having a longitudinal length from 0.6cm to 10cm, wherein the second radially outer position is closer to the outermost part of the grinding body than the first radially outer position, the first grinder bars having a first maximum height extending upwards from the bottom of the adjacent first groove, the second grinder bars having a second maximum height extending upwards from the bottom of the adjacent second groove, the second maximum height being at least 0.35mm less than the first maximum height;
a second grinding member associated with the frame and including a second grinding body including a second grinding surface including second member grinder bars separated by second member grinder grooves, the first grinding member being spaced apart from the second grinding member to define a grinding space therebetween; and
a rotor associated with the frame and coupled to one of the first or second grinding members such that rotation of the rotor causes movement of one of the first or second grinding members relative to the other;
wherein, when the wood pulp slurry including the wood fiber is supplied to the frame, the wood pulp slurry passes through the grinding space, so that a large amount of the wood fiber in the wood pulp slurry is ground, and the plurality of wood fiber bundles in the wood pulp slurry are separated.
13. The wood pulp grinder of claim 12 wherein the second maximum height is at least 0.7mm less than the first maximum height.
14. The wood pulp grinder of claim 12 wherein the second grinder bar has a longitudinal length of 2cm to 10cm.
15. The wood pulp grinder of claim 12 wherein the second member grinder bar comprises:
a third grinding bar extending from a radially inward position on the second grinding surface to a first radially outward position on the second grinding surface;
a fourth grinding bar extending to a second radially outward position on the second grinding surface, wherein the second radially outward position is closer to an outermost portion of the second grinding body than the first radially outward position, the third grinding bar having a third maximum height extending upwardly from a bottom of an adjacent groove, the fourth grinding bar having a fourth maximum height extending upwardly from a bottom of an adjacent groove, the fourth maximum height being at least 0.35mm less than the third maximum height.
16. The wood pulp grinder of claim 12 wherein the first grinding member is a non-rotating stator member and the second grinding member is a rotating rotor member.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211665190.XA CN115897276A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| CN202211667859.9A CN115897277A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/860,055 | 2018-01-02 | ||
| US15/860,055 US11001968B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| US15/860,006 US10794003B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2018-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| US15/860,006 | 2018-01-02 | ||
| PCT/US2019/012054 WO2019136069A1 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211665190.XA Division CN115897276A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| CN202211667859.9A Division CN115897277A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
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| CN111630225A CN111630225A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
| CN111630225B true CN111630225B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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| CN202211667859.9A Pending CN115897277A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| CN202211665190.XA Pending CN115897276A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| CN201980009186.8A Active CN111630225B (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
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| CN202211667859.9A Pending CN115897277A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
| CN202211665190.XA Pending CN115897276A (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-01-02 | Apparatus and method for processing wood fibers |
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| EP (2) | EP3735485A1 (en) |
| JP (4) | JP7498118B2 (en) |
| CN (3) | CN115897277A (en) |
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| RU (1) | RU2754905C1 (en) |
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| EP2960367A1 (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | Valmet Technologies Oy | Single-disc refiner |
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2019
- 2019-01-02 CN CN202211667859.9A patent/CN115897277A/en active Pending
- 2019-01-02 WO PCT/US2019/012024 patent/WO2019136046A1/en active Search and Examination
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| EP2960367A1 (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | Valmet Technologies Oy | Single-disc refiner |
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| CN115897277A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
| EP3735485A1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
| JP2021509452A (en) | 2021-03-25 |
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| JP7540950B2 (en) | 2024-08-27 |
| JP2021509451A (en) | 2021-03-25 |
| JP7591684B2 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
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| JP7498118B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
| CN115897276A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
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