CN111628675B - Solar-assisted enhanced salt-difference circulating power generation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein, the power generation device includes a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers, and a plurality of cation-selective nano-films and multiple anion-selective nano-films; the low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than the number of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers One more than the number of the low-salt liquid chambers; the plurality of the cation-selective nano-films and the anion-selective nano-films have the same number, and are alternately arranged in adjacent low-salt liquid chambers and high-salt liquid chambers between; the auxiliary power generation device includes a movable shading plate for shielding a part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane, so that sunlight can affect the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane. Another part of the anion-selective nanofilm is irradiated.

Description

A solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system and method

technical field

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of salinity difference power generation, and in particular relates to a solar-assisted enhanced salinity difference cycle power generation system and method.

Background technique

The traditional mainstream power generation methods have shortcomings such as low power generation efficiency, environmental pollution and non-renewable. Therefore, strengthening the recycling of new energy and seeking coordinated development of energy economy and environmental protection are exactly the problems we face. As a blue energy, salinity energy has the characteristics of clean and renewable, and it is also a renewable energy with the highest energy density in ocean energy. Most of the salt difference energy is used for power generation, and reverse electrodialysis is one of the main methods to convert salt difference energy into electrical energy. However, the existing methods have low power density, and the reverse electrodialysis (RED) module has complex structure and water consumption. In addition, the requirements of reverse electrodialysis on ion exchange membranes are relatively high, resulting in the high cost of generating electricity through reverse electrodialysis.

Existing energy conversion devices mainly focus on directly converting salt difference energy into electrical energy, which limits their transmembrane current flux and output power density. In fact, various forms of energy conversion are involved in the utilization of ocean energy, especially pollution-free, zero-emission and renewable solar energy. Converting two energies into a single energy enhances the overall energy output. Therefore, how to ingeniously design an efficient, reliable and sustainable energy conversion system to synergistically utilize solar energy and salt difference energy is very important for improving the overall power generation performance.

The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in the art to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a solar-assisted enhanced salt difference cycle power generation system, which can synergistically utilize solar energy and salt difference energy, increase the amount of transmembrane current in the ion power generation system, and improve the power generation performance of the power generation system .

To achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:

A solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein,

The power generation device includes a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers, and a plurality of cation-selective nano-films and a plurality of anion-selective nano-films;

The low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than the number of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers is larger than that of the low-salt liquid chambers The number of liquid chambers is one more;

The plurality of the cation-selective nano-membranes and the anion-selective nano-membranes have the same number, are sealed with methyl silicone oil, and are alternately arranged between adjacent low-salt liquid chambers and high-salt liquid chambers;

The auxiliary power generation device includes a movable shading plate for shielding a part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane, so that sunlight can selectively affect the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane Another part of the nanofilm is irradiated.

Preferably, the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane excite carriers through light irradiation, and the migration of the carriers generates an electrochemical potential energy difference to assist the salt difference power generation.

Preferably, the cation-selective nanofilm and the anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.

Preferably, the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor film is not more than 5um, the thickness of each layer of the film is not more than 10nm, and the interlayer spacing is 1-10nm.

Preferably, the cation-selective nanomembrane and the anion-selective nanomembrane include ion channels communicating with the low-salt liquid chamber and the high-salt liquid chamber.

Preferably, the length of the ion channel does not exceed 15 mm.

Preferably, the shading plate is made of a heat insulating material, including any one of the following: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, and glass fiber.

Preferably, the system further includes a signal collecting device, the signal collecting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a signal collector, the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to the signal collector for collecting The current signal of the system, and the shading plate is adjusted according to the current signal.

The present disclosure also provides a method for solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation, comprising the following steps:

S100: adjusting the light-shielding plate to shield a part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and illuminate another part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film;

S200: the light-receiving part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and anion-selective nano-membrane excites carriers and migrates to generate an electrochemical potential energy difference;

S300: The cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber move to the low-salt liquid chamber through the cation-selective nanofilm and anion-selective nanofilm, respectively, under the combined action of the electrochemical potential difference and the salt difference, until the high-salt liquid chamber and the low-salt liquid chamber The salinity difference of the liquid chamber is 0;

S400: Keep the illumination constant, the cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber continue to move to the low-salt liquid chamber under the action of the electrochemical potential energy difference, until the system current changes direction, at this time, the salt concentration of the low-salt liquid chamber higher than the saline concentration of the high saline chamber;

S500: Collect the system current signal and adjust the shading plate to shield the other part of the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and repeat steps S200 to S400.

Preferably, the cation-selective nanofilm and anion-selective nanofilm are multilayer porous semiconductor films.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the present disclosure are:

1. It can synergistically utilize solar energy and salt difference energy, increase the amount of transmembrane current in the ion power generation system, and improve the power generation performance of the power generation system.

2. There is no need to continuously replenish high-salt liquid and low-salt liquid, which can greatly reduce the water consumption of the power generation system.

3. Cyclic power generation can be achieved by changing the direction of illumination on the nanofilm.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

3 is a schematic diagram of ion flow in a cation-selective nano-film under asymmetric sunlight illumination based on a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

4 is a schematic diagram of ion flow in anion-selective nanofilms under asymmetric sunlight illumination based on a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

The symbols in the attached drawings are as follows:

1-first electrode; 2-second electrode; 3-low-salt liquid chamber; 4-cation-selective nanofilm; 5-high-salt liquid chamber; 6-anion-selective nanofilm; 7-signal collector; 8- Light shield; 9-methyl silicone oil.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 . While specific embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be more thoroughly understood, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It should be noted that certain terms are used in the description and claims to refer to specific components. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the same component may be referred to by different nouns. The present specification and claims do not take the difference in terms as a way to distinguish components, but take the difference in function of the components as a criterion for distinguishing. As referred to throughout the specification and claims, "comprising" or "including" is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". Subsequent descriptions in the specification are preferred embodiments for implementing the present invention, however, the descriptions are for the purpose of general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present disclosure should be defined by the appended claims.

To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following will take specific embodiments as examples for further explanation and description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each accompanying drawing does not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein,

The power generation device includes a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers 3, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers 5, a plurality of cation-selective nano-films 4 and a plurality of anion-selective nano-films 6, the low-salt liquid chambers 3 and the high-salt liquid chambers 5. The salt liquid chambers 5 are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers 3 is one more than the number of the high-salt liquid chambers 5 or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers 5 is more than the number of the low-salt liquid chambers 3 One;

The cation-selective nano-membranes 4 and the anion-selective nano-membranes 6 have the same quantity and are sealed by methyl silicone oil 9, and are alternately arranged between adjacent low-salt liquid chambers 3 and high-salt liquid chambers 5;

The auxiliary power generation device includes a movable shading plate 8 for shielding a part of the cation-selective nano-membrane 4 and the anion-selective nano-membrane 6, so that sunlight can block the cation-selective nano-membrane 4 and all parts. Another part of the anion-selective nanomembrane 6 is irradiated.

In this embodiment, the solar energy and the salinity difference energy are used synergistically to increase the amount of transmembrane current in the ion power generation system, thereby improving the power generation performance of the power generation system. The water consumption of the power generation system is greatly reduced. At the same time, by changing the direction of light on the nanofilm, cyclic power generation can be achieved, which is sustainable.

In another embodiment, the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane excite carriers through light irradiation, and the carrier migration generates electrochemical potential energy difference to assist salt difference power generation.

In this embodiment, due to the concentration difference between the high-salt liquid chamber and the low-salt liquid chamber, the cations in the salt liquid move directionally from the high-salt liquid chamber 5 to the low-salt liquid chamber 3 through the cation-selective nano-film 4, and the anions are selected by the anion The nanofilm 6 moves directionally from the high-salt liquid chamber 5 to the low-salt liquid chamber 3, thereby generating an ion diffusion current Is caused by the salt difference, as _shown in Figure 1, due to the first low-salt liquid chamber 3 and the second A cation-selective nano-film 4 is arranged between a high-salt liquid chamber 5 , so there is one more low-salt liquid chamber 3 than a high-salt liquid chamber 5 . At this time, the shading plate 8 is adjusted so that sunlight is irradiated on the side of the cation-selective nano-film 4 and the anion-selective nano-film 6, the surface of the film absorbs solar energy and excites carriers, and the migration of carriers generates an electrochemical potential difference, which makes the salt The cations in the liquid move directionally from the high-salt liquid chamber 5 to the low-salt liquid chamber 3 through the cation-selective nano-film 4, and the anions move directionally from the high-salt liquid chamber 5 to the low-salt liquid chamber 3 through the anion-selective nano-film 6. The ionic current I _p is generated. Since the two ionic currents have the same direction, under the action of solar energy and salt difference energy, the transmembrane ionic current I = I _s + I _p will be generated until the salt concentration in the high-salt liquid chamber and the low-salt liquid chamber Achieve balance. At this time, the salinity effect is weakened or even reversed, and the cations and anions in the salt solution, driven by sunlight, continue to pass through the cation-selective nanomembrane and anion-selective nanomembrane from the high-salt solution chamber 5 to the low-saline solution. Directional movement in chamber 3 and a _{transmembrane} current of I= _Ip -Is is generated. Finally, the salt solution concentration in the low-salt solution chamber 3 is higher than that in the high-salt solution chamber 5, as shown in FIG. 2, at this time, the original low-salt solution chamber 3 becomes the high-salt solution chamber 3', The original high-salt liquid chamber 5 becomes a low-salt liquid chamber 5'. Continue to adjust the shading plate pair so that sunlight shines on the other side of the cation-selective nano-film 4 and the anion-selective nano-film 6, at this time, the cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber 3' pass through the cation-selective nano-film and anion, respectively. The selective nanofilm moves directionally toward the low-salt liquid chamber 5', thereby realizing cyclic power generation.

In another embodiment, the cation-selective nanomembrane and the anion-selective nanomembrane are multilayer porous semiconductor membranes.

In another embodiment, the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor thin film is not more than 5um, the thickness of each thin film is not more than 10nm, and the interlayer spacing is 1-10nm.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the optoelectronic properties of the nano-film and the transmission performance of cations or anions, so that cations or anions can selectively pass through, the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor film does not exceed 5um, and the thickness of each layer does not exceed 10nm. The spacing is 1-10 nm. If the interlayer spacing is too large, the effect of the electric double layer is not obvious, which will affect the selective passage of cations or anions.

In another embodiment, the cation-selective nanomembrane and the anion-selective nanomembrane include ion channels in communication with the low-salt liquid compartment and the high-salt liquid compartment.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the ion channels in the cation-selective nanofilm form a negatively charged surface layer. When the ion channels are reduced to 1-10 nm, the electric double layers of the upper and lower layers overlap. According to the electrostatic theory , only cations can pass through the channel. Due to the concentration difference of the salt solution on both sides of the nanofilm, driven by the salt difference energy, cations migrate from the high-salt liquid chamber to the low-salt liquid chamber through cation-selective nanochannels. At the same time, under the asymmetric sunlight on the left side, the surface of the film is excited to generate carriers (in this embodiment, the hole migration rate is greater than that of electrons, otherwise, the direction of the corresponding asymmetric sunlight is changed), and the difference in the migration rate will be on the film. An electrochemical potential difference is formed, which drives the migration of cations from the high-salt liquid compartment through the cation-selective nanochannel to the low-salt liquid compartment. Through the synergistic effect of solar energy and salt differential energy, the generated transmembrane ionic current increases.

In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the ion channels in the anion-selective nanofilm form a positively charged surface layer. When the ion channel is reduced to 1-10 nm, the electric double layers of the upper and lower layers overlap. Only through anions. Due to the concentration difference of the salt solution on both sides of the nanofilm, driven by the salt difference energy, anions migrate from the high-salt liquid chamber to the low-salt liquid chamber through anion-selective nanochannels. At the same time, under the asymmetric sunlight on the left side, the surface of the film is excited to generate carriers (in this embodiment, the hole migration rate is greater than that of electrons, otherwise, the direction of the corresponding asymmetric sunlight is changed), and the difference in the migration rate will be on the film. An electrochemical potential difference is formed, which drives the migration of anions from the high-salt liquid compartment through the anion-selective nanochannel to the low-salt liquid compartment. Through the synergistic effect of solar energy and salt differential energy, the generated transmembrane ionic current increases.

In another embodiment, the length of the ion channel does not exceed 15 mm.

In this embodiment, in order to reduce the membrane resistance and maintain the transport performance of cations or anions, the length of the ion channel should not exceed 15 mm, otherwise the excessively long ion channel will lead to an increase in membrane resistance, thereby affecting the passage of cations or anions.

In another embodiment, the light shielding plate is made of a heat insulating material, including any one of the following: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, and glass fiber.

In another embodiment, the system further includes a signal acquisition device, the signal acquisition device includes a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2 and a signal collector 7, the first electrode 1, the second electrode 2 and the The signal collector 7 is connected to collect the current signal of the system, and adjust the shading plate according to the current signal.

In this embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged in the first salt solution chamber and the last salt solution chamber of the power generation system. When the liquid chamber moves until the current of the system changes direction, the signal collector collects the current signal of the system through the first electrode and the second electrode and controls the movement of the shading plate, so that the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano film are received on the side that was originally occluded. Lighting makes the cations and anions in the salt solution move in opposite directions to realize cyclic power generation. In order to maintain the electrical neutrality of the salt solution, an electrochemical redox reaction occurs on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode, and the generated electrons are transferred through an external load circuit.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure also provides a solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation method, comprising the following steps:

S100: adjusting the light-shielding plate to shield a part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and illuminate another part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film;

S200: the light-receiving part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and anion-selective nano-membrane excites carriers and migrates to generate an electrochemical potential energy difference;

S300: The cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber move to the low-salt liquid chamber through the cation-selective nanofilm and anion-selective nanofilm, respectively, under the combined action of the electrochemical potential difference and the salt difference, until the high-salt liquid chamber and the low-salt liquid chamber The salinity difference of the liquid chamber is 0;

S400: Keep the illumination constant, the cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber continue to move to the low-salt liquid chamber under the action of the electrochemical potential energy difference, until the system current changes direction, at this time, the salt concentration of the low-salt liquid chamber higher than the saline concentration of the high saline chamber;

S500: Collect the system current signal and adjust the shading plate to shield the other part of the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and repeat steps S200 to S400.

The basic principles of the present application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be pointed out that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples rather than limitations, and these advantages, advantages, effects, etc., are not considered to be Required for each embodiment of this application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of example and easy understanding, rather than limiting, and the above-mentioned details do not limit the application to be implemented by using the above-mentioned specific details.

The foregoing description has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A solar-assisted enhanced salinity cycle power generation system, comprising: a power generation device and an auxiliary power generation device; wherein, The power generation device includes a plurality of low-salt liquid chambers, a plurality of high-salt liquid chambers, and a plurality of cation-selective nano-films and a plurality of anion-selective nano-films; The low-salt liquid chambers and the high-salt liquid chambers are alternately arranged, and the number of the low-salt liquid chambers is one more than the number of the high-salt liquid chambers or the number of the high-salt liquid chambers is larger than that of the low-salt liquid chambers The number of liquid chambers is one more; The plurality of the cation-selective nano-membranes and the anion-selective nano-membranes have the same number, are sealed with methyl silicone oil, and are alternately arranged between adjacent low-salt liquid chambers and high-salt liquid chambers; The auxiliary power generation device includes a movable shading plate for shielding a part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane, so that sunlight can selectively affect the cation-selective nano-membrane and the anion-selective nano-membrane Another part of the nano-film is irradiated, the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano-film excite carriers through light irradiation, and the carrier migration generates electrochemical potential energy difference to assist salt difference power generation. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the cation-selective nanomembrane and the anion-selective nanomembrane are multilayer porous semiconductor membranes. 3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the total thickness of the multilayer semiconductor thin films is no more than 5um, the thickness of each thin film is no more than 10nm, and the layer spacing is 1-10nm. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the cation-selective nanomembrane and the anion-selective nanomembrane comprise ion channels in communication with the low-salt liquid compartment and the high-salt liquid compartment. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the ion channel is no more than 15 mm in length. 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding plate is made of a thermal insulating material, including any one of the following: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, glass fiber. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a signal acquisition device, the signal acquisition device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and a signal collector, the first electrode, the second electrode and the The signal collector is connected to collect the current signal of the system and adjust the light shielding plate according to the current signal. 8. A method for cycle power generation by the system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: S100: adjusting the light-shielding plate to shield a part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and illuminate another part of the cation-selective nano-film and anion-selective nano-film; S200: the light-receiving part of the cation-selective nano-membrane and anion-selective nano-membrane excites carriers and migrates to generate an electrochemical potential energy difference; S300: The cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber move to the low-salt liquid chamber through the cation-selective nanofilm and anion-selective nanofilm, respectively, under the combined action of the electrochemical potential difference and the salt difference, until the high-salt liquid chamber and the low-salt liquid chamber The salinity difference of the liquid chamber is 0; S400: Keep the illumination constant, the cations and anions in the high-salt liquid chamber continue to move to the low-salt liquid chamber under the action of the electrochemical potential energy difference, until the system current changes direction, at this time, the salt concentration of the low-salt liquid chamber higher than the saline concentration of the high saline chamber; S500: Collect the system current signal and adjust the shading plate to shield the other part of the cation-selective nano-film and the anion-selective nano-film at the same time, and repeat steps S200 to S400. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cation-selective nanomembrane and anion-selective nanomembrane are multilayer porous semiconductor membranes.

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