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CN111623156B - A hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of maintaining stable flow and outlet pressure and method thereof - Google Patents

A hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of maintaining stable flow and outlet pressure and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111623156B
CN111623156B CN202010499953.2A CN202010499953A CN111623156B CN 111623156 B CN111623156 B CN 111623156B CN 202010499953 A CN202010499953 A CN 202010499953A CN 111623156 B CN111623156 B CN 111623156B
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channel
hydrogen
valve body
pressure
gas
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CN111623156A (en
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张志新
王春鹏
李纯杰
郑水英
毛炜炜
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/20Excess-flow valves
    • F16K17/22Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line
    • F16K17/32Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line acting on a servo-mechanism or on a catch-releasing mechanism

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种能保持流量和出口压力稳定的氢气减压阀及其方法,减压阀的阀体从上到下依次同轴装配调节封盖、顶杆、阀芯和入口封盖。阀体侧壁开设阀体出口,阀芯底部设有控制尖端,在非工作状态下阀芯底部的控制尖端将控制通道封闭。控制尖端与顶部凹槽之间的空隙为中间通道,阀芯中设有第一气体通道,调节封盖远离阀体的一端同轴连接有螺纹杆。调节封盖与盘状头部之间留有第二气体通道,盘状头部开设有贯通的第三气体通道。本发明的减压阀结构简单、可靠性高、使用寿命长,当减压阀气体入口处的压力随储氢量减少而降低时,能保持出口处流量和压力的稳定,当减压阀气体入口处的压力由于外界原因变大时,同样能保持出口处流量和压力的稳定。

Figure 202010499953

The invention discloses a hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of maintaining stable flow and outlet pressure and a method thereof. A valve body outlet is provided on the side wall of the valve body, and a control tip is arranged at the bottom of the valve core, and the control tip at the bottom of the valve core closes the control channel in a non-working state. The gap between the control tip and the top groove is an intermediate channel, the valve core is provided with a first gas channel, and the end of the regulating cover away from the valve body is coaxially connected with a threaded rod. A second gas channel is left between the adjustment cover and the disc-shaped head, and the disc-shaped head is provided with a through third gas channel. The pressure reducing valve of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and long service life. When the pressure at the gas inlet of the pressure reducing valve decreases as the hydrogen storage capacity decreases, the flow rate and pressure at the outlet can be kept stable. When the pressure at the inlet increases due to external reasons, the flow and pressure at the outlet can also be kept stable.

Figure 202010499953

Description

Hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of keeping flow and outlet pressure stable and method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressure reducing valve device, in particular to a hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of keeping flow and outlet pressure stable and a method thereof.
Background
With the increasing expansion of the hydrogen energy industry, the selectivity of a large number of parts related to hydrogen media is greatly increased while the hydrogen energy is developed in a large scale, but the safety of the hydrogen is ensured to be an inevitable factor when the hydrogen is used as a flammable and explosive substance. In the field of hydrogen energy, the storage and utilization of high-pressure hydrogen are the most economical and reasonable utilization modes in the current technical state, and a large number of use verifications are obtained, and a pressure reducing valve is needed for accurately controlling the pressure and the flow of the high-pressure hydrogen to be stable to the pressure and the flow suitable for a specific device in the use process of the high-pressure hydrogen.
The pressure reduction principle of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve is that when hydrogen passes through a narrow section, a throttling effect is generated, the temperature of the hydrogen is increased, the pressure is reduced, and the flow and the outlet pressure of the hydrogen can be adjusted by adjusting the area of the narrow section.
However, the conventional hydrogen pressure reducing valve cannot keep the flow and pressure of outlet gas stable, and when the pressure of introduced hydrogen changes, the pressure and flow of the gas at the outlet change accordingly. This may result in a reduction in stability and a reduction in service life of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art and providing a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a method thereof that can maintain a stable flow rate and outlet pressure.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of keeping flow and outlet pressure stable comprises a valve body, an adjusting sealing cover, an ejector rod, a valve core and an inlet sealing cover; the valve body is coaxially assembled with an adjusting sealing cover, an ejector rod, a valve core and an inlet sealing cover from top to bottom in sequence along the vertical direction; the valve body is axially provided with a cavity in a through manner, the side wall of the valve body is provided with a valve body outlet, and one exhaust end of the valve body outlet is provided with a connecting structure used for being connected with an external air outlet pipeline; the adjusting sealing cover is assembled at the top end of the valve body, the joint is closed, the inlet sealing cover is assembled at the bottom end of the valve body, and the joint is closed;
an inlet channel, a control channel and a top groove which are communicated in sequence are formed in the inlet sealing cover, a connecting structure used for being connected with an external air inlet pipeline is arranged at one end, away from the valve body, of the inlet sealing cover, and the inlet channel is used for air inlet of the pressure reducing valve;
the valve core is arranged in a cavity of the valve body, the bottom of the valve core is provided with a control tip, the lower part of the valve core extends into the top groove of the inlet sealing cover, the side wall of the valve core and the top groove form sealing, and the control tip at the bottom of the valve core is pressed at an outlet of the control channel in a non-working state to seal the control channel; the gap between the control tip and the top groove is a middle channel, and the middle channel can be communicated with the inlet channel through the control channel; a first gas channel is arranged in the valve core and communicated with the middle channel;
one end of the adjusting seal cover, which is far away from the valve body, is coaxially connected with a threaded rod, the threaded rod and the adjusting seal cover are axially provided with a first pore channel and a second pore channel respectively, and the first pore channel and the second pore channel are communicated with each other; one end of the threaded rod, which is far away from the adjusting seal cover, is provided with a connecting structure used for being connected with an external air outlet pipeline;
the ejector rod is arranged in the cavity of the valve body and comprises a disc-shaped head part and a rod part which are connected with each other, the rod part penetrates through the second pore channel and extends into the first pore channel, the height of the rod part does not exceed the first pore channel, an adjusting channel is reserved at the upper part of the first pore channel, the contact part of the rod part and the adjusting sealing cover and the threaded rod keeps air tightness, and the rod part can slide up and down along the first pore channel and the second pore channel;
a first spring is arranged between the adjusting sealing cover and the disc-shaped head, the rod part is sleeved with the first spring, a second gas channel is reserved between the adjusting sealing cover and the disc-shaped head, and the second gas channel is communicated with the outlet of the valve body; the disc-shaped head is in contact with the top of the valve core, the disc-shaped head is provided with a third through gas channel, and the first gas channel is communicated with the second gas channel through the third gas channel;
a second spring is arranged between the inlet seal cover and the disc-shaped head part and sleeved outside the valve core; the disc-shaped head and the valve core are in a pressing state respectively through the acting force of the first spring and the acting force of the second spring, and the valve core can drive the ejector rod to vertically move up and down along the cavity of the valve body together.
Preferably, the adjusting seal cover and the valve body, the inlet seal cover and the valve body, and the adjusting seal cover and the threaded rod are all in threaded connection.
Preferably, a first sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the bottom of the pore channel of the threaded rod and the rod part of the ejector rod and used for sealing; and a second sealing ring is arranged at the fixed position of the adjusting sealing cover and the valve body and used for sealing.
Preferably, a third sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the valve core and the valve body, and the position of the third sealing ring is higher than that of the middle channel, so that the gas completely enters the first gas channel after passing through the middle channel; and a fourth sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the valve core and the top groove of the inlet sealing cover, and the position of the fourth sealing ring is higher than the position of the control tip.
Preferably, the bottom of the adjusting seal cover is provided with an upward concave channel along the radial direction, and the central axis of the concave channel is parallel to the central axis of the valve body outlet, so that the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel is enlarged, and the gas flows smoothly.
Preferably, the disc-shaped head has a plurality of third gas passages.
Preferably, the first gas channel is of an inverted T shape and comprises a vertical gas channel and a horizontal gas channel; the vertical gas channel is communicated with the third gas channel, and the horizontal gas channel penetrates through the control tip end of the valve core and is communicated with the middle channel.
Preferably, the connection structure is a threaded structure.
Preferably, the control tip is of a conical configuration.
A method for maintaining the outlet flow and pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve stable, which comprises the following steps:
1) when hydrogen is not introduced into the pressure reducing valve, the first spring and the second spring are both in a compressed state due to the action of gravity, and the control channel is closed by the control tip end of the valve core;
2) when the valve core works, an external hydrogen pipeline is respectively connected with the connecting structure of the threaded rod and the inlet sealing cover, hydrogen with the same pressure is introduced into the regulating channel and the inlet channel, the control tip end of the valve core moves upwards under the pushing of the hydrogen introduced into the inlet channel, and the control channel is opened to communicate the inlet channel with the middle channel; the hydrogen introduced from the inlet channel sequentially passes through the control channel, the middle channel, the first gas channel, the third gas channel and the second gas channel, and is finally discharged from the valve body outlet; the hydrogen introduced from the regulating channel is not communicated with the hydrogen introduced from the inlet channel and only has downward acting force on the ejector rod;
3) when the pressure of the introduced hydrogen is reduced, the flow rate and the pressure of the hydrogen at the outlet of the valve body tend to be reduced; at the moment, the acting force of the hydrogen introduced into the adjusting channel on the ejector rod is reduced, the cross section area of a gap between the control tip end of the valve core and the control channel is increased, and the hydrogen flow and the pressure at the outlet of the valve body tend to be increased; the two trends are mutually offset, so that the hydrogen flow and the pressure at the outlet of the valve body are kept in a relatively stable state;
4) when the pressure of the introduced hydrogen is increased, the flow rate and the pressure of the hydrogen at the outlet of the valve body tend to be increased; at the moment, the acting force of the hydrogen introduced into the adjusting channel on the ejector rod is increased, the cross-sectional area of a gap between the control tip end of the valve core and the control channel is reduced, and the hydrogen flow and the pressure at the outlet of the valve body tend to be reduced; the two trends cancel each other out so that the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet remain relatively stable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the pressure reducing valve has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and long service life;
2) when the pressure at the gas inlet of the pressure reducing valve is reduced along with the reduction of the hydrogen storage amount, the flow and the pressure at the outlet can be kept stable;
3) when the pressure at the gas inlet of the pressure reducing valve becomes higher due to external reasons, the flow and the pressure at the outlet can be kept stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pressure relief valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a threaded rod, an adjusting cover, a push rod and a valve core in the pressure reducing valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a valve body and inlet closure in the pressure relief valve of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are: the valve comprises a valve body 1, a threaded rod 2, an adjusting seal cover 3, a first seal ring 4a, a second seal ring 4b, a third seal ring 4c, a fourth seal ring 4d, a first spring 5a, a second spring 5b, a mandril 6, a valve core 7, an inlet seal cover 8, an inlet channel 9, a middle channel 10, an adjusting channel 11 and a valve body outlet 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and embodiments, it being noted that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention without limiting it in any way.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of keeping flow and outlet pressure stable includes a valve body 1, an adjusting cover 3, a plunger 6, a valve core 7, and an inlet cover 8. Along the vertical direction, valve body 1 assembles regulation closing cap 3, ejector pin 6, case 7 and entry closing cap 8 from top to bottom in proper order. The central axes of the valve body 1, the adjusting seal cover 3, the mandril 6, the valve core 7 and the inlet seal cover 8 are superposed, namely all the components are coaxially assembled.
The valve body 1 is provided with a cavity along the axial direction in a through mode, the side wall of the valve body 1 is provided with a valve body outlet 12, the valve body outlet 12 is a pipe section, the last exhaust end of the pipe section is provided with a connecting structure used for being connected with an external gas outlet pipeline, and the connecting structure can be an internal thread structure and used for being fixedly connected with the external pipeline through threads. The adjusting seal cover 3 is assembled at the top end of the valve body 1, the adjusting seal cover 3 is in threaded connection with the valve body 1, and a second seal ring 4b is arranged at the fixed position of the adjusting seal cover 3 and the valve body 1 and used for sealing. The inlet sealing cover 8 is assembled at the bottom end of the valve body 1, the inlet sealing cover 8 is in threaded connection with the valve body 1, and the joint is closed.
An inlet channel 9, a control channel and a top groove which are communicated in sequence are formed in the inlet sealing cover 8, and the inlet channel 9 is used for air inlet of the pressure reducing valve. The end of the inlet cover 8, which is far away from the valve body 1, is provided with a connecting structure for connecting with an external air inlet pipeline, and the connecting structure can be a threaded structure and is fixed with the external pipeline through threaded connection.
The valve core 7 is arranged in the cavity of the valve body 1, and the bottom of the valve core 7 is provided with a control tip, the diameter of the control tip is gradually reduced, and the control tip can be in a conical shape, a hemispherical shape and the like. The lower part of the valve core 7 extends into the top groove of the inlet sealing cover 8, the side wall and the top groove form sealing, the sealing can adopt a mode of additionally arranging a fourth sealing ring 4d, and the position of the fourth sealing ring 4d is higher than the control tip of the valve core 7. And in a non-working state, the control tip at the bottom of the valve core 7 is pressed at the outlet of the control channel to seal the control channel. The space between the control tip and the top recess is a middle channel 10, through which the middle channel 10 can communicate with the inlet channel 9 when the control tip is open. The valve core 7 is provided with a first gas channel which is communicated with the middle channel 10. The contact position of the valve core 7 and the valve body 1 is provided with a third sealing ring 4c, and the position of the third sealing ring 4c is higher than the middle channel 10, so that the gas completely enters the first gas channel after passing through the middle channel 10. In practical application, the first gas passage may be an inverted T-shape, and includes a vertical gas passage and a horizontal gas passage, the vertical gas passage is communicated with the third gas passage, and the horizontal gas passage penetrates through the control tip of the valve element 7 and is communicated with the middle passage 10. In addition, the first gas channel may be provided as a channel of other shapes as desired.
The end, far away from the valve body 1, of the adjusting sealing cover 3 is coaxially connected with a threaded rod 2, the threaded rod 2 can be connected in a threaded mode, a through first hole channel is axially formed in the threaded rod 2, a through second hole channel is axially formed in the adjusting sealing cover 3, and the first hole channel and the second hole channel are mutually communicated. The contact position of the bottom of the pore channel of the threaded rod 2 and the rod part of the ejector rod 6 is provided with a first sealing ring 4a for sealing. One end of the threaded rod 2, which is far away from the adjusting seal cover 3, is provided with a connecting structure which is used for being connected with an external air outlet pipeline, and the connecting structure can be a threaded structure and is used for being fixedly connected with the external pipeline in a threaded manner.
The ejector rod 6 is arranged in the cavity of the valve body 1, and the ejector rod 6 comprises a disc-shaped head part and a rod part which are connected with each other. The rod part of the ejector rod 6 penetrates through the second pore channel from bottom to top and extends into the first pore channel, and the height of the rod part does not exceed the first pore channel, namely an adjusting channel 11 is reserved at the upper part of the first pore channel. And the contact part of the rod part and the adjusting cover 3 and the threaded rod 2 keeps air tightness, and the rod part can slide up and down along the first duct and the second duct in a piston type.
A first spring 5a is arranged between the adjusting seal cover 3 and the disc-shaped head, the rod part is sleeved with the first spring 5a, a second gas channel is reserved between the adjusting seal cover 3 and the disc-shaped head, and the second gas channel is communicated with the valve body outlet 12. The disc-shaped head is in contact with the top of the valve core 7, the disc-shaped head is provided with a plurality of through third gas channels, and the first gas channels are communicated with the second gas channels through the third gas channels. In order to make the gas flow smooth, an upward concave channel may be provided at the bottom of the adjusting cover 3 in the radial direction to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel, and the central axis of the concave channel is parallel to the central axis of the valve body outlet 12.
A second spring 5b is arranged between the inlet sealing cover 8 and the disc-shaped head part, and the second spring 5b is sleeved outside the valve core 7. The disc-shaped head and the valve core 7 are in a pressing state respectively through the acting force of the first spring 5a and the second spring 5b, and the valve core 7 can drive the ejector rod 6 to vertically move up and down along the cavity of the valve body 1.
The method for keeping the outlet flow and the pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve stable comprises the following steps:
1) when hydrogen is not introduced into the pressure reducing valve, the first spring 5a and the second spring 5b are both in a compressed state due to the action of gravity, and the control channel is closed by the control tip end of the valve core 7.
2) When the pressure reducing valve works, firstly, an external hydrogen pipeline is respectively connected with the connecting structure of the threaded rod 2 and the inlet sealing cover 8, and simultaneously, hydrogen with the same pressure is introduced into the regulating channel 11 and the inlet channel 9. At this time, the control tip of the valve element 7 is pushed upward by the high-pressure hydrogen introduced from the inlet passage 9, thereby opening the control passage to communicate the inlet passage 9 with the intermediate passage 10. The hydrogen gas introduced from the inlet channel 9 passes through the control channel, the middle channel 10, the first gas channel, the third gas channel and the second gas channel in sequence, and is finally discharged from the valve body outlet 12. Wherein the hydrogen gas introduced from the regulating passage 11 is not communicated with the hydrogen gas introduced from the inlet passage 9, and the hydrogen gas introduced from the regulating passage 11 has only a downward force on the knock-out pin 6.
3) The cross-sectional area of the gap between the control tip of the spool 7 and the control passage is defined as the valve opening, and when the inlet hydrogen pressure is the same, the flow rate and pressure at the outlet are larger as the valve opening is larger, and the flow rate and pressure at the outlet are smaller as the valve opening is smaller.
Thus, during operation, as the pressure of the hydrogen gas passing into the pressure relief valve becomes lower, there is a tendency for the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas at the valve body outlet 12 to become lower. Meanwhile, the acting force of the hydrogen introduced into the adjusting channel 11 on the ejector rod 6 is reduced, the opening degree of the valve is increased, and the flow rate and the pressure of the hydrogen at the outlet 12 of the valve body tend to be increased. The two trends cancel each other out so that the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet 12 remain relatively steady.
During operation, as the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced into the pressure relief valve increases, the flow and pressure of the hydrogen gas at the valve body outlet 12 tends to increase. Meanwhile, the acting force of the hydrogen introduced into the adjusting channel 11 on the ejector rod 6 is increased, the opening degree of the valve is reduced, and the hydrogen flow and the pressure at the valve body outlet 12 tend to be reduced. The two trends cancel each other out so that the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet 12 remain relatively steady.
The pressure reducing valve has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and long service life. When the pressure at the gas inlet of the pressure reducing valve is reduced as the hydrogen storage amount is reduced, the flow rate and the pressure at the outlet can be kept stable. When the pressure at the gas inlet of the pressure reducing valve becomes higher due to external reasons, the flow and the pressure at the outlet can be kept stable.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种能保持流量和出口压力稳定的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,包括阀体(1)、调节封盖(3)、顶杆(6)、阀芯(7)和入口封盖(8);沿竖直方向,阀体(1)从上到下依次同轴装配调节封盖(3)、顶杆(6)、阀芯(7)和入口封盖(8);所述阀体(1)的轴向贯通开设空腔,侧壁开设阀体出口(12),阀体出口(12)排气的一端具有用于与外部出气管路相接的连接结构;调节封盖(3)装配于阀体(1)的顶端,连接处封闭,入口封盖(8)装配于阀体(1)的底端,连接处封闭;1. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve capable of maintaining stable flow and outlet pressure, characterized in that it comprises a valve body (1), an adjustment cover (3), a top rod (6), a valve core (7) and an inlet cover (8); along the vertical direction, the valve body (1) is coaxially assembled with the adjustment cover (3), the ejector rod (6), the valve core (7) and the inlet cover (8) in sequence from top to bottom; the The valve body (1) is provided with a cavity through the axial direction, the side wall is provided with a valve body outlet (12), and the exhaust end of the valve body outlet (12) has a connection structure for connecting with an external air outlet pipeline; adjusting the cover (3) It is assembled at the top of the valve body (1), the connection is closed, the inlet cover (8) is assembled at the bottom end of the valve body (1), and the connection is closed; 所述入口封盖(8)中开设有顺次连通的入口通道(9)、控制通道和顶部凹槽,入口封盖(8)远离阀体(1)的一端具有用于与外部进气管路相接的连接结构,入口通道(9)用于减压阀进气;The inlet cover (8) is provided with an inlet channel (9), a control channel and a top groove which are communicated in sequence, and one end of the inlet cover (8) away from the valve body (1) has a pipeline for connecting with the external air intake. Adjoining connection structure, the inlet channel (9) is used for air intake of the pressure reducing valve; 所述阀芯(7)安装在阀体(1)的空腔内,阀芯(7)底部设有控制尖端,阀芯(7)下部伸入所述入口封盖(8)的顶部凹槽中且侧壁与顶部凹槽形成密封,在非工作状态下阀芯(7)底部的控制尖端压合于控制通道的出口处,将控制通道封闭;所述控制尖端与所述顶部凹槽之间的周向空隙为中间通道(10),中间通道(10)能通过控制通道与入口通道(9)相连通;所述阀芯(7)中设有第一气体通道,第一气体通道与中间通道(10)相连通;The valve core (7) is installed in the cavity of the valve body (1), the bottom of the valve core (7) is provided with a control tip, and the lower part of the valve core (7) extends into the top groove of the inlet cover (8). The middle and side walls form a seal with the top groove. In the non-working state, the control tip at the bottom of the valve core (7) is pressed against the outlet of the control channel to close the control channel; the gap between the control tip and the top groove is The circumferential gap between them is an intermediate passage (10), and the intermediate passage (10) can be communicated with the inlet passage (9) through the control passage; the valve core (7) is provided with a first gas passage, and the first gas passage is The middle channel (10) is connected; 所述调节封盖(3)远离阀体(1)的一端同轴连接有螺纹杆(2),螺纹杆(2)与调节封盖(3)轴向分别设有第一孔道和第二孔道,第一孔道和第二孔道相互贯通;螺纹杆(2)远离调节封盖(3)的一端具有用于与外部出气管路相接的连接结构;One end of the adjusting cover (3) away from the valve body (1) is coaxially connected with a threaded rod (2), and the threaded rod (2) and the adjusting cover (3) are axially provided with a first hole channel and a second hole channel respectively. , the first hole and the second hole communicate with each other; the end of the threaded rod (2) away from the adjustment cover (3) has a connection structure for connecting with the external air outlet pipeline; 所述顶杆(6)安装在阀体(1)的空腔内,包括相互连接的盘状头部和杆部,所述杆部贯通第二孔道并伸入第一孔道中,杆部高度不超出第一孔道,在第一孔道上部留有调节通道(11),杆部与调节封盖(3)和螺纹杆(2)的接触处保持气密性并且杆部可沿第一孔道和第二孔道上下滑动;The top rod (6) is installed in the cavity of the valve body (1), and includes a disc-shaped head and a rod portion that are connected to each other, the rod portion penetrates the second hole and extends into the first hole, and the height of the rod is Not exceeding the first hole, an adjustment channel (11) is left in the upper part of the first hole, the contact between the rod part and the adjustment cover (3) and the threaded rod (2) is kept airtight, and the rod part can pass along the first hole and The second channel slides up and down; 所述调节封盖(3)与盘状头部之间设有第一弹簧(5a),第一弹簧(5a)套设于所述杆部,调节封盖(3)与盘状头部之间留有第二气体通道,所述第二气体通道与阀体出口(12)相连通;所述盘状头部与阀芯(7)的顶部相接触,盘状头部开设有贯通的第三气体通道,第一气体通道通过第三气体通道与第二气体通道相连通;A first spring (5a) is arranged between the adjustment cover (3) and the disc-shaped head, the first spring (5a) is sleeved on the rod portion, and the adjustment between the cover (3) and the disc-shaped head is provided. A second gas channel is left between, and the second gas channel is communicated with the valve body outlet (12); the disc-shaped head is in contact with the top of the valve core (7), and the disc-shaped head is provided with a through first Three gas channels, the first gas channel is communicated with the second gas channel through the third gas channel; 在入口封盖(8)和盘状头部之间设有第二弹簧(5b),第二弹簧(5b)套设于阀芯(7)外部;盘状头部与阀芯(7)分别通过第一弹簧(5a)和第二弹簧(5b)作用力呈压合状态,阀芯(7)能够带动顶杆(6)一同沿着阀体(1)空腔竖直上下移动。A second spring (5b) is arranged between the inlet cover (8) and the disc-shaped head, and the second spring (5b) is sleeved outside the valve core (7); the disc-shaped head and the valve core (7) are respectively With the force of the first spring (5a) and the second spring (5b) in a pressed state, the valve core (7) can drive the ejector rod (6) to move vertically up and down along the cavity of the valve body (1). 2.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述调节封盖(3)与阀体(1)、入口封盖(8)与阀体(1)、调节封盖(3)与螺纹杆(2)的装配方式均为螺纹连接。2. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating cover (3) and the valve body (1), the inlet cover (8) and the valve body (1), the regulating cover ( 3) The assembly method with the threaded rod (2) is threaded connection. 3.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述螺纹杆(2)的孔道底部与顶杆(6)杆部的接触位置设有第一密封圈(4a),用于密封;调节封盖(3)与阀体(1)的固定位置设有第二密封圈(4b),用于密封。3. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, a first sealing ring (4a) is provided at the contact position between the bottom of the hole of the threaded rod (2) and the rod portion of the ejector rod (6), which is used for For sealing; a second sealing ring (4b) is provided at the fixed position of the adjustment cover (3) and the valve body (1) for sealing. 4.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述阀芯(7)与阀体(1)的接触位置设有第三密封圈(4c),第三密封圈(4c)的位置高于中间通道(10),使气体经过中间通道(10)后全部进入第一气体通道;所述阀芯(7)与入口封盖(8)的顶部凹槽接触位置设有第四密封圈(4d),第四密封圈(4d)的位置高于控制尖端。The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, a third sealing ring (4c) is provided at the contact position of the valve core (7) and the valve body (1), and the third sealing ring (4c) ) is higher than the intermediate passage (10), so that the gas all enters the first gas passage after passing through the intermediate passage (10). Four sealing rings (4d), the position of the fourth sealing ring (4d) is higher than the control tip. 5.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述调节封盖(3)底部沿径向设有向上的凹陷通道,凹陷通道的中心轴与阀体出口(12)的中心轴平行,以加大第二气体通道的横截面积,使气体流动通畅。5 . The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom of the regulating cover ( 3 ) is provided with an upward concave channel along the radial direction, and the center axis of the concave channel is connected to the valve body outlet ( 12 ). 6 . The central axes are parallel to increase the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel, so that the gas flows smoothly. 6.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述盘状头部的第三气体通道为多个。6 . The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1 , wherein there are multiple third gas passages in the disc-shaped head. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述第一气体通道为倒T型,包括竖直气体通道和水平气体通道;竖直气体通道与第三气体通道相连通,水平气体通道贯穿阀芯(7)的控制尖端并与中间通道(10)相连通。7 . The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1 , wherein the first gas channel is an inverted T-shaped, including a vertical gas channel and a horizontal gas channel; the vertical gas channel is communicated with the third gas channel. 8 . , the horizontal gas channel runs through the control tip of the valve core (7) and communicates with the intermediate channel (10). 8.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述连接结构为螺纹结构。8 . The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1 , wherein the connection structure is a threaded structure. 9 . 9.根据权利要求1所述的氢气减压阀,其特征在于,所述控制尖端为锥状结构。9 . The hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1 , wherein the control tip is a conical structure. 10 . 10.一种保持如权利要求1~9任一所述氢气减压阀出口流量和压力稳定的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:10. A method for keeping the hydrogen pressure reducing valve outlet flow and pressure stability as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, comprising the steps: 1)未向减压阀中通入氢气时,第一弹簧(5a)和第二弹簧(5b)由于重力作用均处于压缩状态,阀芯(7)的控制尖端将控制通道封闭;1) When hydrogen is not introduced into the pressure reducing valve, both the first spring (5a) and the second spring (5b) are in a compressed state due to the action of gravity, and the control tip of the valve core (7) closes the control channel; 2)工作时,将外部的氢气管路分别与螺纹杆(2)和入口封盖(8)的连接结构相连接,同时向调节通道(11)和入口通道(9)中通入相同压力的氢气,阀芯(7)的控制尖端在入口通道(9)通入的氢气推动下向上移动,打开所述控制通道,使入口通道(9)和中间通道(10)相连通;从入口通道(9)通入的氢气依次经过控制通道、中间通道(10)、第一气体通道、第三气体通道和第二气体通道,最后从阀体出口(12)排出;从调节通道(11)通入的氢气不与从入口通道(9)通入的氢气相连通,仅对顶杆(6)具有向下的作用力;2) When working, connect the external hydrogen pipeline with the connection structure of the threaded rod (2) and the inlet cover (8) respectively, and at the same time pass the same pressure into the adjustment channel (11) and the inlet channel (9). Hydrogen, the control tip of the valve core (7) moves upwards under the push of the hydrogen introduced into the inlet channel (9), opens the control channel, and makes the inlet channel (9) and the middle channel (10) communicate with each other; from the inlet channel (9) 9) The introduced hydrogen passes through the control channel, the intermediate channel (10), the first gas channel, the third gas channel and the second gas channel in sequence, and is finally discharged from the valve body outlet (12); The hydrogen gas is not communicated with the hydrogen gas introduced from the inlet channel (9), and only has a downward force on the ejector rod (6); 3)当通入的氢气压力变小时,在阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力有变小的趋势;此时,由于调节通道(11)通入的氢气在顶杆(6)上的作用力变小,阀芯(7)的控制尖端与控制通道之间间隙的横截面积变大,在阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力有变大的趋势;两种趋势相互抵消,使得阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力保持相对稳定的状态;3) When the pressure of the introduced hydrogen decreases, the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) tend to decrease; at this time, the hydrogen introduced into the adjustment channel (11) is on the ejector rod (6). The force becomes smaller, the cross-sectional area of the gap between the control tip of the valve core (7) and the control channel becomes larger, and the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) tend to increase; the two trends are mutually offset, so that the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) remain relatively stable; 4)当通入的氢气压力变大时,在阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力有变大的趋势;此时,由于调节通道(11)通入的氢气在顶杆(6)上的作用力变大,阀芯(7)的控制尖端与控制通道之间间隙的横截面积变小,在阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力有变小的趋势;两种趋势相互抵消,使得阀体出口(12)处的氢气流量和压力保持相对稳定的状态。4) When the pressure of the introduced hydrogen increases, the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) tend to increase; at this time, due to the hydrogen introduced into the adjustment channel (11), the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen at the ejector rod (6) tend to increase. The force on the valve core (7) becomes larger, the cross-sectional area of the gap between the control tip of the valve core (7) and the control channel becomes smaller, and the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) tend to become smaller; two trends They cancel each other out, so that the hydrogen flow and pressure at the valve body outlet (12) remain relatively stable.
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