CN111622902A

CN111622902A - Integral construction method of novel vertical axis wind power generation equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111622902A
Application number: CN202010539825.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王少华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-16
Filing date: 2020-06-16
Publication date: 2020-09-04

Abstract

A method for integrally building a novel vertical axis wind power generation device comprises the following steps: constitute by following several main parts, hemisphere machine room, main shaft base bearing mounting hole is reserved at the top, and the middle level sets up mounting platform, and main shaft auxiliary bearing mounting hole is stayed to platform central authorities, and generator mounting platform, power generating equipment are established on ground: the low-speed vertical axis generator is installed on a ground platform in a machine room, an input shaft of the generator and the lower end of a main shaft are connected through a coupler, and the multifunctional main shaft comprises: the main shaft runs through perpendicularly and installs in computer lab top bearing mounting hole and middle floor platform auxiliary bearing mounting hole, accepts by the bearing, multifunctional stand: install perpendicularly in the main shaft upper end, connect by the flange dish, the fan blade shaft hole that the level runs through is reserved to the stand upper segment, and the fan blade shaft: the fan blade shaft and the two sides of the upright post are respectively connected by two bearings, the two flat movable fan blades are respectively fixed at the two ends of the same fan blade shaft, the end view included angle is 90 degrees, and all the fan blades are installed in the same way.

Description

Integral construction method of novel vertical axis wind power generation equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, in particular to a construction method of high-power wind power generation equipment with vertical shaft movable fan blades

Background

With the development of civilization of human society and the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements on human living environment are higher and higher, the requirements on energy are continuously improved, fossil resources (petroleum, coal and natural gas) are polluted and nonrenewable resources are gradually exhausted, and novel clean continuous renewable energy sources (wind power, water power and solar energy) are more and more noticed, developed and utilized by people. The wind power generation equipment is more fiercely developed in the field of wind power generation, at present, wind power generation equipment is mainly divided into two types, one type is horizontal axis power generation equipment, the other type is vertical axis power generation equipment, the technical development of the horizontal axis power generation equipment is earlier and relatively mature, most high-power stations select the equipment, but the installation position of important equipment is too high, and the maintenance is inconvenient; the gravity center is too high, the stability of the equipment and the capability of resisting wind disasters are influenced, and the equipment cost is increased by a yaw system of the equipment and the strength requirement on a tower drum; therefore, the vertical axis wind power generation equipment becomes the direction of attention and research of people, and the existing vertical axis wind power generation technology has low wind power utilization rate, difficult starting, easy stalling and low output power. The vertical axis wind power generation is developed towards high power by the current technology, and meets the bottleneck.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the invention provides a novel vertical axis movable fan blade wind power generation device, which can effectively solve the problems of high gravity center and poor wind resistance of the existing horizontal axis wind power generation device; the mounting positions of important equipment such as a generator, a gearbox and the like are too high, and the maintenance is difficult; the equipment is too complex and the investment is large; the problem of low wind utilization rate of vertical axis wind power generation equipment; uncontrollable wind receiving force, difficult starting, easy stalling, low output power and instability; the theory and the method are provided for the development of the vertical axis wind power generation equipment towards the direction of high power.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall design diagram of a novel vertical axis wind power plant: names of components indicated by numbers marked in the drawings: 01 a hemispherical machine room is called as an upright column for short; 02 multifunctional upright posts are abbreviated as upright posts; 03, a multifunctional main shaft is called a main shaft for short; 04 flat plate type movable fan blades are called fan blades for short; 05 a movable shaft for mounting fan blades is called a fan blade shaft for short; 06 host machine of low-speed vertical axis wind power generation equipment is called as generator for short; 07 a middle-layer main shaft auxiliary bearing and other equipment mounting platforms of a machine room are called middle-layer mounting platforms for short; a flange plate for short for 08 upright post and main shaft; 09 the position of a mounting hole at the top of the machine room, the position of a main bearing seat and the position of a main bearing are comprehensively expressed and synthesized to form a main bearing of the main shaft; 10, comprehensively representing the position of a mounting hole of a middle-layer mounting platform, a main shaft auxiliary bearing and a bearing seat, and commonly calling the main shaft auxiliary bearing; 11 a coupler which is connected with the lower end of the main shaft and the input shaft of the generator; 12 the positions of the blade bearing and the bearing seat for bearing the blade shaft and the upright post are called the blade bearing; 13 limiting the transverse displacement of the fan blade shaft and limiting the over rotation of the fan blade; a door of the 14-hemisphere generator room is called a door for short; 15 ground mounting platform and mounting screw in the vertical axis generator room. 16 umbrella-shaped protective cover.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlargement of fig. 1, illustrating a method for mounting and connecting the upright post, the fan blade shaft, the fan blade bearing and the fan blade limit card.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a simple power plant made according to the teachings of the present invention: the triangular frame replaces a machine room, the triangular cross beam replaces a middle layer mounting platform, the wind wheel is designed in two layers, the fan blade bearing is replaced by a shaft tube, the stand column is in a square tube shape, the power generation equipment is a high-speed generator, and the speed increasing box is additionally arranged.

Fig. 4 is a photograph showing a wind wheel in real life, viewed from above.

Fig. 5 shows another fan blade limit card object photo.

Fig. 6 shows a method for mounting a rated power spring, a physical photograph,

FIG. 7 is a photograph of another method of mounting the fan blade shaft on a disk concentric with the post.

FIG. 8 shows a method for mounting the generator, the speed increasing box and the main shaft, and a physical photograph is used for reference.

Fig. 9 shows a method for mounting the disc brake system on the main shaft, and a physical photograph is used for reference.

FIG. 10 shows a photograph of a new set of wind wheels in running state in wind, which shows the running posture in wind of two coaxial wind blades.

Detailed Description

In view of the above, the invention provides a method for constructing a novel vertical axis movable blade wind power generation device, which comprises the following characteristics and functions:

1 hemispherical machine room 01 (tripod attached 3, triangular pyramid or pyramid): the wind resistance and the equipment protection are facilitated, a main shaft mounting hole 09 is reserved in the center of the top of the hemispherical machine room 01, a main shaft bearing seat mounting position is arranged on the mounting hole 09, a middle layer mounting platform 07 is arranged in the machine room, the mounting platform 07 is built on a bearing framework of the wall of the hemispherical machine room, a mounting hole 10 is reserved in the center of the platform, and a main shaft auxiliary bearing seat is arranged on the mounting hole 10. A vertical axis generator mounting platform 15 is preset in the center of the ground in the machine room, and a door 14 and a window are reserved in the hemispherical machine room.

2 vertical shaft generator 06: the vertical shaft generator 06 and the accessories and other equipment are all installed in a machine room, the vertical shaft low-speed generator 06 is recommended to be selected and installed on a ground platform 15, and the input shaft of the generator 15 is upward and connected with the lower end of a main shaft 03 through a coupling 11. If a higher-speed vertical shaft generator is selected, as shown in fig. 8, the input shaft of the generator 06 is upward and connected with the output shaft of the speed increasing box, the speed increasing box is of a vertical input and output shaft type, the input shaft of the speed increasing box is connected with the lower end of the main shaft 03 through a coupling, as shown in fig. 7, and the speed increasing box is fixedly installed below the middle layer installation platform 07.

3, a multifunctional main shaft 03: the main shaft vertically penetrates through and is installed in a mounting hole in the top of the machine room and a mounting hole of the middle-layer mounting platform and is supported by an upper main bearing 09 and a lower auxiliary bearing 10, the main bearing seat is fixedly installed in the mounting hole 09 in the top of the machine room, and the main shaft auxiliary bearing seat is fixedly installed in the central mounting hole 10 of the middle-layer platform 07. The lower end of a main shaft 03 is connected with an input shaft of a low-speed generator 06 or an input shaft of a speed increasing box through a coupling 11, and the upper end of the main shaft 03 is connected with a stand column 02 through a flange 08; the disk type brake system with the selective installation is suggested, as shown in fig. 9, a brake disk can be installed on a flange plate 08 on a main shaft, a brake holding device can be fixedly installed at a corresponding position of a mounting hole at the top of a machine room, a brake pump and a controller are installed in a place which is easy to operate in the machine room, so that various important equipment positions are moved downwards to the machine room, the maintenance is convenient, the stability of the equipment is improved due to the downward movement of the gravity center, the requirement of the equipment on the strength of an upright column (replacing a tower barrel) is lowered, and the investment cost is lowered.

4, column 02: the material can be selected from a hexagonal pipe, an octagonal pipe, a square pipe or a round pipe, and has the advantages of distortion resistance, good linearity, aging resistance, weather resistance, light weight and transmission shaft function. The upright column 02 is vertically arranged, the lower part of the upright column 02 is provided with a flange 08 matched with the main shaft, and the main shaft flange is connected with the flange 08 of the upright column through screws. The even level of the whole section or the upper segment at stand 02 runs through and establishes multilayer fan blade axle 05 mounting hole, and the mounting hole misplaces from top to bottom to stand 02 is run through to the level that fan blade axle 05 does not influence each other, but the layering also can be the heliciform and evenly set up. Bearing seats and bearings 12 are arranged on two sides of the fan blade shaft holes on the upright posts 02, the bearing seats and the bearings (different bearing modes such as shaft tubes and copper sleeves can be used) are used for bearing the fan blade shafts in a penetrating mode, and the fan blade shafts 05 are arranged on all the fan blade shaft holes on the upright posts 02 in the same method. The umbrella-shaped protective cover 16 can be selectively and fixedly installed on the lower portion of the upright column 02 close to the flange disc 08, operates along with the upright column 02, pays attention to the size and the gap between the umbrella-shaped protective cover and the machine room, and is used for covering the installation hole in the top of the machine room and protecting the main bearing 09 and a brake system from wind, sunlight and rain.

5, blade shaft 05: the wind blade shaft is horizontally arranged in a wind blade shaft hole on the upright column 02 in a penetrating mode, the two sides of the wind blade shaft hole are connected with the upright column 02 through bearings 12, the length of the wind blade shaft 05 is equal on two sides penetrating through the bearings 12, the inner circle of each bearing can be selected to be lengthened, a jackscrew type can be additionally arranged on each bearing, the wind blade shaft 05 can be fixed, or a wind blade rotation limiting clamp 13 as shown in fig. 5 is arranged, the wind blade shaft 05 is prevented from transversely moving, and all the wind blade shafts 05 are arranged in the same mode.

6, flat fan blade 04: the flat plate fan blade can be rectangular, a tubular material is fixed along a long edge of the rectangular flat plate fan blade 04, one end of the fan blade shaft 05 is inserted into the pipe on the long edge of the flat plate fan blade 04 and is fixed, the flat plate fan blade 04 is also installed at two ends of the fan blade shaft 05, (the fan blades of other shapes and the fan blade shaft are fixed at the flat plate position of the fan blade), and the installation requirements are as follows: looking at an end face of the fan blade shaft 05, the two flat-plate fan blades 04 are installed at an included angle of 90 degrees, and attention is paid to: when the fan blades 04 on the left are inclined towards the near side and the fan blades 04 on the right are inclined towards the far side from the near side when the fan blades are seen from the front side of the fan blade shafts 05, the upright column 02 runs clockwise, otherwise, the upright column 02 runs anticlockwise, and the fan blades 04 are installed on all the fan blade shafts 05 on the upright column 02 in the same method. All the fan blades 04, all the fan blade shafts 05 and the upright columns 02 form a novel power wheel (called wind wheel for short) for wind power conversion.

The 7 rated power spring is as illustrated in fig. 6 (spring for short): (selective installation, in the wind power resources are abundant, but wind speed is unstable, there is a disaster strong wind area, the installation is required), the installation method: as shown in fig. 6, the middle of the fan blade shaft 05 is cut, a spring mounting groove is transversely formed at the cut end of the fan blade shaft 05, a pin hole is longitudinally formed, a spring is additionally arranged in the middle, and two ends of the spring are respectively inserted into the spring mounting groove at the cut part of the fan blade shaft 05 and fixed by a pin; the outside can be wrapped by an axle tube, a movable gap is noticed to be left, the length of the axle tube is controlled between two fan blade axle bearings 12, thin-wall bearings can be selectively installed in the axle tube, a rated power spring can be pressed and twisted by wind force only when the wind speed is overhigh and exceeds the wind speed required by the rated power of the power generation equipment, and meanwhile, two ends of a fan blade axle 05 are twisted, the included angle between the end of the fan blade axle and two fan blades is reduced, the angle of the fan blade 04 in the wind receiving direction is changed, the area of the received wind force is reduced, and the wind force required by the rated power of the equipment is received; when disastrous strong wind invades, the spring in the middle of the fan blade shaft 05 can further retract and twist under the compression of the strong wind, so that the end view included angle of the fan blades 04 at two ends of the same shaft is close to 0 degree from 90 degrees, the windward area of the fan blades is extremely reduced, the received wind power is reduced to the range which can be borne by equipment, and the wind disaster is avoided. The installation of the spring for rated power can effectively solve the problem of stall caused by strong wind of the vertical axis wind power generation equipment, can also replace the action of a yaw system of the existing horizontal axis wind power generation equipment, reduces the equipment investment cost, and can also improve the integral wind resistance of the equipment.

8 fan blade rotation limiting card 13: the design of the wind wheel of the invention has the advantages that the normal output power is in direct proportion to the wind speed, the area of the fan blade and the weight of the fan blade; under the condition of the same wind power and the same blade area, the larger the blade weight is, the higher the output power is, and the larger the required starting wind speed is; the smaller the weight of the fan blade is, the lower the required starting wind speed is, and the smaller the output power is; if the fan blades are made of light materials, a fan blade rotation limiting card 13 is necessary to be additionally arranged for limiting the fan blades 04 to rotate upwards to exceed the horizontal state when running along with the upright posts 02 in upwind (the fan blades 04 can receive the wind force action in the direction of the upwind when running along with the upright posts 02 in the horizontal direction or the wind direction, the operation of a wind wheel is interfered, and the wind utilization rate is reduced); selection of the fan blades 04: the light, flat and good anti-distortion performance conditions are key, the light fan blade 04 is additionally provided with a spring for rated power, and the fan blade rotation limiting clamp 13, so that the wind power generation equipment designed and constructed according to the method has wider use requirements on wind speed and higher wind power utilization rate (replaces the existing power generation equipment tower barrel), and the whole section of the upright column 02 can be provided with the fan blade shaft 05 and the fan blade 04, so that the total area of the fan blades capable of receiving available wind power is greatly increased, the wind power can be received more, the equipment can be started more easily, and a theoretical basis is provided for the vertical axis wind power generation equipment to develop towards a high-power direction.

9 column 02 upper stabilization system: the system is selectively installed, when high-power vertical shaft power generation equipment is required to be built, the total volume of the wind wheel part is increased, and when the wind wheel is too large, the main shaft 03 and the bearing are not enough to support the stability and wind resistance of the wind wheel, the system is required to be additionally installed. The device consists of a ground fixing pile, a steel cable, a tripod central shaft, a bearing and a tubular bearing seat. The installation mode is as follows: install the flange dish additional in stand 02 upper end, tripod center pin lower extreme installation flange dish is connected with stand flange 08, two bearings about the center pin is outer to be installed, two bearings fixed mounting are in the upper and lower both ends of tripod center bearing tubulose bearing frame, the triangle arm is evenly firmly installed outward to tubulose bearing frame circumference, the tripod arm length will surpass the impeller, the tripod requires to lighten as far as possible, triangle arm distal end is the steel cable, the other end system of steel cable is on the spud pile on ground, the system requires firmly, the steel cable pulling force is balanced, the spud pile position evenly sets up, the root is firm. Another kind of mounting means of stable system, it is lower when wind power equipment selects the site, usable wind resource is higher, need to add the long stand, and install the wind wheel at stand 02 upper segment, stand 02 lower part still has higher space, can be in pressing close to the wind wheel position, a bearing is installed additional to stand 02 periphery, stand 02 runs through in the bearing perpendicularly, circle is fixed on stand 02 in the bearing, the bearing excircle imbeds in the bearing frame, the bearing frame is hollow in the middle of selecting (interior stand 02 that runs through), the bearing frame periphery evenly sets up three steel cable perforation, (bearing and bearing frame replace above the tripod), steel cable one end is tied on the outer steel cable hole of bearing frame, the other end is tied on the ground spud pile, the requirement is the same as.

The interconnection relationship of the important components is as follows: a main bearing 09 mounting hole is reserved at the top of the hemispherical machine room 01, a mounting platform 07 is arranged at the middle layer, the platform 07 is fixed on a framework on the wall of the machine room 01, a main shaft auxiliary bearing mounting hole 10 is reserved at the center, a generator mounting platform 15 is arranged on the inner ground, and the machine room 01 is built on a foundation pile deep into the ground; the generator 06 is installed on the ground platform 15, and the room door 14 and the window are reserved in the machine room; an input shaft of a generator 06 is connected with the lower end of a main shaft 03 through a coupler 11, the main shaft 03 vertically penetrates through a main bearing 09 at the top of a machine room and an auxiliary bearing 10 of a middle-layer platform, the main bearing is installed on a central installation hole 09 at the top of a hemispherical machine room, and the auxiliary bearing is installed on the central installation hole 10 of the middle-layer installation platform. The upper end of the main shaft 03 is connected with the upright column 02 through a flange 08 (a brake system can be selectively arranged on the flange). The vertical column 02 is uniformly and horizontally provided with a fan blade shaft 05 in a penetrating way. The connection between the fan blade shaft 05 and the upright column 02 can be connected by a shaft tube or a bearing 12, on the fan blade shaft 05, fan blade movable limiting clamps 13 for limiting the transverse movement of the fan blade shaft 05 are arranged on two sides of the upright column 02, or other limiting modes (such as fixing by using a bearing with a jackscrew on an inner circle) are adopted, the limiting clamps 13 have the function of limiting the excessive rotation of the fan blade shaft 05, one end of a crank of each limiting clamp 13 is fixed on the limiting clamp 13, and the other end of the crank of each limiting clamp 13 is clamped on the upright column 02 or other fixed devices fixed on the upright column 02, as shown in fig. 5, the clamps can be; selectively installing a spring for rated power, as shown in fig. 6, cutting the middle of a fan blade shaft 05, connecting the fan blade shaft by the spring for rated power, longitudinally slotting the section, inserting the spring, transversely punching holes at corresponding positions, and fixing the spring by pins in the holes; two ends of the fan blade shaft 05 are respectively and fixedly provided with a flat fan blade 04, the lower part of the upright post is provided with a protective cover 16, and the upper end of the upright post 02 is selectively provided with a stabilizing system.

The invention has the following operation procedures and working principles: when normal no wind, under the action of gravity, all fan blades 04 all are 45 degrees slopes with the horizontal direction, look coaxial two fan blades 04 from fan blade axle 05 end and are 90 degrees natural flagging of chevron shape contained angle, during the wind-attack swing along with the wind, for example: when the wind wheel is observed from the front side to the wind, if the wind wheel is designed to run clockwise, the right fan blade 04 swings downwards under the action of the wind power to gradually receive the wind power in a vertical posture and change the received wind power into a torque force from the fan blade shaft 05 to be transmitted to the left end along with the increase of the wind speed, the coaxial left fan blade 04 swings upwards under the combined action of the torque force from the right fan blade shaft and the self-received wind power and gradually changes into a horizontal posture to respond to the wind power, when the wind power reaches the starting wind speed, the right fan blade 04 rotates clockwise along the wind around the upright column, the received wind power is transmitted to the upright column 02 through the fan blade shaft 05 to drive the upright column 02 to rotate clockwise, the upright column 02 drives all the fan blades 04 to rotate, the left fan blade 04 rotates clockwise along the horizontal posture under the driving of the upright column, and when the left fan blade 04 of the same fan blade shaft 05 rotates to the axial direction to be consistent, the end face of the fan blade faces the wind, loses the wind power function, returns to the original position under the gravity function, the right fan blade 04 of the upright column 02 drives the upright column 02, the coaxial fan blade 04 is driven by the upright column 02 to continue rotating, when the coaxial fan blade 04 rotates to a position where the coaxial fan blade can receive the wind power, the above actions continue, all the fan blades 04 and the fan blade shaft 05 circularly operate in the same way, the wind wheel continuously rotates under the continuous pushing of the wind power, the upright column 02 downwards transmits the converted kinetic energy to the main shaft 03 connected with the flange disc 08, the main shaft 03 downwards transmits the kinetic energy to the generator 06 connected with the coupling 11, the generator 06 is driven to operate to generate electric energy, and the electric energy is outwards transmitted by the auxiliary equipment of the generator.

Claims

1. The fan blade can move and change the posture to deal with the method of the wind force; a method for designing a flat plate shape of a fan blade; the shape of the fan blade can be designed in various ways such as square, round, tree leaf shape, bionic shape and the like; the two coaxial fan blades are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of a fan blade shaft, and the end view included angle is 90 degrees. Other mounting methods are also contemplated by this patent as long as the principles of the invention are equally effective.

2. A design method of a multifunctional fan blade shaft; the method for fixedly mounting the fan blades at two ends of the fan blade shaft; a method for mounting the fan blade shaft on the upright post in a penetrating, movable, uniform and concentric manner; or the fan blade shaft is arranged on a disc concentric with the upright post or other devices; the method of the horizontal and other angle inclined installation of the fan blade shaft; the method is that the fan blades at two ends of the fan blade shaft can be driven by mutual influence under the action of wind force; other methods of theoretical installation of the invention, which have equal effect, are all protected by this patent.

3. A design method of the multifunctional upright post; a method of using both the function of the transmission shaft; a method for mounting a flange plate at the lower part to connect the main shaft; the vertical installation of the upright post, the uniform installation of the fan blade shaft or the fan blade bracket in the whole section or part section of the upright post, the layered or spiral uniform installation of the fan blade shaft and the like; the upright post does not bear important equipment such as a generator, a gearbox, a yaw system, a brake system and the like, replaces a tower barrel, reduces the load, reduces the requirements of the upright post on the strength and the quality of materials, and reduces the equipment investment cost; an umbrella-shaped or other-shaped protective cover is arranged at the lower part of the upright column, covers the mounting hole at the top of the machine room and the brake system and is not exposed to sunlight, rain and wind; other methods with equivalent effects are protected by the patent.

4. A design method of a multifunctional spindle; a design method that the upper end is provided with a flange plate and can be connected with the upright post or a forged T-shaped connecting upright post; a vertical mounting method of the main shaft; a method for supporting by the upper main bearing and the lower auxiliary bearing and penetrating and installing in the upper installation hole and the lower installation hole; the method that the lower end of the main shaft can be provided with a coupling connected with a generator or a speed increasing box is protected by the patent.

5. A hemispherical machine room, a triangular cone (including a tripod), a pyramid and the like, and has stability and a method for protecting important equipment; a method of reserving a main bearing mounting hole at the top, arranging a mounting platform at the middle layer and reserving a mounting hole at the center; a generator mounting platform is arranged in the center of the ground of the machine room, and the generator and the accessory equipment thereof are mounted in the machine room, so that the maintenance is convenient; the whole gravity center of the equipment moves downwards, and the stability of the equipment is improved; other methods with equivalent effects are protected by the patent.

6. Rated power spring: the method is characterized in that the fan blade shaft is arranged on a fan blade shaft, and the fan blade shaft is cut off and connected by a spring with rated power; the rated power spring can change the wind receiving angle and the windward area of the fan blade so as to receive the wind speed required by the rated power of the equipment and ensure that the equipment keeps the rated power to operate; other mounting methods of elastic materials with the same function; the method can replace the action of a horizontal shaft yaw system and effectively reduce the equipment investment cost, and is protected by the patent.

7. The wind blade shaft rotation limiting clamp: a method for improving the rated power of equipment by using a limit card; the limiting clamp penetrates through and is fixedly installed on the fan blade shaft, is close to the fan blade bearing, has the functions of fixing the transverse displacement of the fan blade shaft and the excessive rotation of the fan blade, and is fixed on the turning handle on the limiting clamp, the other end of the turning handle can be clamped on one side of the stand column, or other devices on the stand column can be clamped and separated, and the limiting clamp comprises other installation methods with equivalent effects and is protected by the patent.