CN111619779A - Vibration isolation device based on acoustic black hole structure and ship system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, and discloses a vibration isolation device and a ship system based on an acoustic black hole structure. Several acoustic black hole structures are constructed on the support structure, and the acoustic black hole structures are connected with local oscillator components. The present invention provides a vibration isolation device and a ship system based on an acoustic black hole structure. Through the acoustic black hole structure on the support structure, the vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source equipment is concentrated in the acoustic black hole structure, so as to realize the efficient accumulation of vibration energy. On the basis, by installing local vibrator components at the acoustic black hole structure, efficient absorption of vibration energy can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the vibration isolation effect during the vibration transmission process of the vibration source equipment.

Description

Vibration isolation device and ship system based on acoustic black hole structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, in particular to a vibration isolation device and a ship system based on an acoustic black hole structure.

Background technique

Power machinery is the most important source of vibration and noise for ships. Severe vibration will cause structural fatigue damage, induce mechanical failure, and reduce the performance, safety and reliability of power machinery. More importantly, the vibration of power machinery is transmitted to the The vibration of the hull and the hull causes underwater radiated noise, and the excessive radiated noise will affect the acoustic self-guidance and guidance of the underwater ship, and it is easy to expose itself, reduce its own acoustic stealth, and become an influence on the concealment and vitality of the ship. important factor.

Vibration isolation technology is considered to be the main technical means to control the vibration transmission of mechanical equipment. However, traditional vibration isolation technology has certain limitations. In order to improve the low-frequency vibration isolation effect, the shock absorber needs to have a sufficiently low stiffness, and at the same time to ensure a certain bearing capacity and stability, it must have a large static stiffness. Therefore, the traditional passive vibration isolation technology can effectively isolate The medium and high frequency vibration of mechanical equipment has poor control effect on low frequency vibration. For ships, the underwater radiated noise generated by low frequency vibration is of great importance to the concealment and vitality of the ship due to its long propagation distance and not easy attenuation. Impact. In theory, active vibration isolation technology can effectively control low-frequency vibration, but because the active control system is a mechatronics system, its system is complex and expensive, and it is affected and restricted by many factors such as installation space and weight. The engineering application of vibration technology in the field of domestic ships faces great difficulties.

At present, the traditional vibration isolation technology has the problem that the low-frequency vibration control effect is poor and cannot meet the vibration isolation requirements of marine machinery and equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present invention provide a vibration isolation device and a ship system based on an acoustic black hole structure, which are used to solve or partially solve the problem that the current traditional vibration isolation technology has poor control effect on low-frequency vibration and cannot meet the vibration isolation requirements of marine machinery and equipment .

An embodiment of the present invention provides a vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure, including a support structure configured to be arranged between a vibration source device and an installation base, and a plurality of acoustic black hole structures are constructed on the support structure , the acoustic black hole structure is connected with a local oscillator component.

On the basis of the above solution, a plurality of the acoustic black hole structures are evenly distributed on the support structure.

Based on the above solution, damping coatings are respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure.

Based on the above solution, the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure are respectively concave, and the thickness of the acoustic black hole structure increases continuously from the middle to the edge.

On the basis of the above solution, a support platform with uniform thickness is formed in the middle part of the acoustic black hole structure.

Based on the above solution, the local vibrator assembly is connected to the support platform.

Based on the above solution, the local oscillator component is connected above or below the acoustic black hole structure.

Based on the above solution, the local oscillator assembly includes a support spring and a mass block, one end of the support spring is connected to the acoustic black hole structure, and the other end of the support spring is connected to the mass block.

Based on the above solution, the upper surface of the support structure is connected with an upper vibration isolator for connecting the vibration source equipment, and the lower surface of the support structure is connected with a lower vibration isolator for connecting the installation base.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a ship system, including the above-mentioned vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure, and also includes a vibration source device, a mounting base and a ship shell, the vibration isolation device is provided on the vibration source device and the vibration isolation device. between the installation bases, and the installation bases are fixed to the ship shell.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a vibration isolation device and a ship system based on an acoustic black hole structure. Through the acoustic black hole structure on the support structure, the vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source equipment is concentrated in the acoustic black hole structure, so as to realize the efficient accumulation of vibration energy, On this basis, by installing local vibrator components at the acoustic black hole structure, efficient absorption of vibration energy can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the vibration isolation effect during the vibration transmission process of the vibration source equipment.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic diagram of an overall connection of a vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic black hole structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the acoustic black hole structure on the support structure in the embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a support structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

Among them, 1. Vibration source equipment; 2. Upper vibration isolator; 3. Support structure; 4. Acoustic black hole structure; 5. Damping coating; 6. Local oscillator component; 6a, Mass block; 6b, Support spring; 7 , Lower vibration isolator; 8. Installation base; 9. Ship shell; 10. Support platform; 11. Area with smooth thickness change.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure, the vibration isolation device includes a support structure 3, the support structure 3 is used to be arranged between the vibration source device 1 and the installation base 8, and the support structure A number of acoustic black hole structures 4 are constructed on the 3 . Referring to FIG. 2 , the acoustic black hole structures 4 are connected with a local oscillator component 6 .

An acoustic black hole structure 4 is formed on the support structure 3 for collecting the vibration energy transmitted from the vibration source device 1 . A local oscillator component 6 is connected at the acoustic black hole structure 4 for absorbing the vibration energy collected by the acoustic black hole structure 4 . The vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source device 1 is collected through the acoustic black hole structure 4 in the support structure 3 .

The vibration isolation device based on the acoustic black hole structure provided in this embodiment, through the acoustic black hole structure 4 on the support structure 3, gathers the vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source device 1 to the acoustic black hole structure 4, so as to realize the efficient gathering of vibration energy, On this basis, by installing the local vibrator assembly 6 at the acoustic black hole structure 4 , efficient absorption of vibration energy can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the vibration isolation effect during the vibration transmission process of the vibration source device 1 .

Moreover, setting the support structure 3 can meet the static stiffness requirements for stably supporting the vibration source equipment 1, and setting the acoustic black hole structure 4 on the support structure 3 can realize the efficient aggregation and absorption of vibration energy, thereby improving the control effect of low-frequency vibration. , which can not only meet the needs of support stiffness, but also meet the needs of vibration isolation, and can meet the vibration isolation needs of marine machinery and equipment. Further, the acoustic black hole structure 4 is formed on the support structure 3. On the basis of the support structure 3, the acoustic black hole structure 4 is formed by processing the support structure 3. The acoustic black hole structure 4 and the support structure 3 are integrated into a structure, and further The static stiffness of the support structure 3 is substantially increased.

Further, the support structure 3 may be a steel plate or other materials, for the purpose of meeting the support rigidity requirement, which is not specifically limited.

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, further, referring to FIG. 3 , several acoustic black hole structures 4 are evenly distributed on the support structure 3 . The vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source device 1 can be uniformly and fully absorbed, which is beneficial to ensure the vibration isolation effect.

Further, each acoustic black hole structure 4 is connected with a local oscillator component 6 . Therefore, the local vibrator components 6 are also uniformly distributed on the support structure 3 . Preferably, the acoustic black hole structures 4 are evenly and symmetrically distributed with respect to the vibration source device 1 .

The distribution of the acoustic black hole structure 4 and the local oscillator component 6 in the support structure 3 is uniform, and the uniformity of the acoustic black hole structure 4 and the local oscillator component 6 is used to make the support structure 3 an artificial phonon Crystal structure, this artificial phononic crystal has both the characteristics of Bragg scattering type phononic crystal and local resonance type phononic crystal, so as to obtain a wide frequency band of vibration of the support structure 3, and effectively increase the attenuation amplitude of the vibration amplitude of the support structure 3 , and expand the action range of the vibration band gap of the support structure 3 to the low frequency.

Further, referring to FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the support structure 3 may be rectangular, the outer contour of the acoustic black hole structure 4 may be circular, and the acoustic black hole structures 4 may be evenly distributed on the support structure 3 in an array. The support structure 3 can also be in other shapes, such as a circle, a square or any other regular and irregular shape; the outer contour of the acoustic black hole structure 4 can also be any other regular and irregular shape to meet the purpose of thickness variation; the acoustic black hole structure 4 Other arrangements can also be made on the support structure 3; there is no specific limitation.

On the basis of the above embodiment, further referring to FIG. 2 , the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure 4 are respectively provided with damping coatings 5 . The damping coating 5 is used to dissipate the vibrational energy collected by the acoustic black hole structure 4 .

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure 4 are respectively concave, and the thickness of the acoustic black hole structure 4 increases continuously from the middle to the edge. The upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure 4 are concave compared to the surface of the support structure 3 . And it is a smooth continuous concave surface. The edge of the acoustic black hole structure 4 is smoothly connected with the surface of the support structure 3 .

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, a support platform 10 with uniform thickness is formed in the middle part of the acoustic black hole structure 4 .

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the local vibrator assembly 6 is connected to the support platform 10 . The support platform 10 is formed in the middle part of the acoustic black hole structure 4 , which can facilitate the connection of the local oscillator assembly 6 at the support platform 10 . The thickness of the acoustic black hole structure 4 increases continuously from the support platform 10 to the edge portion.

Specifically, the acoustic black hole structure 4 is composed of an intermediate support platform 10 and a smooth thickness variation region 11 . The thickness of the structure of the smooth thickness variation region 11 varies in the form of an exponential function. Referring to FIG. 2 , specifically, the thickness of the smooth thickness variation region 11 is h(x)=εx ^m , where the index m≧2, and the coefficient ε can be selected according to the actual situation and experience. That is, the surface of the smooth thickness change area 11 in FIG. 2 changes exponentially between the two points x ₁ and x ₂ , where x ₁ is the outer position of the support platform 10 , which is the starting point of the thickness smooth change area 11 , and x ₂ is The end position of the smooth thickness change region 11 .

The smooth thickness change region 11 makes the local structural impedance of the support structure 3 change smoothly with the thickness change, the wave speed of the bending wave will decrease accordingly, and a large amount of vibration energy will be concentrated in the middle of the acoustic black hole structure 4, so as to realize the high efficiency of vibration energy gather. Further, on the one hand, by pasting the damping coating 5 on the upper and lower concave surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure 4, it plays the role of depleting the vibration energy in the area of the acoustic black hole structure 4, and can reduce the vibration of the intermediate support structure 3 at the resonance frequency in the entire frequency domain. Vibration response; on the other hand, by installing the local oscillator component 6 on the middle support platform 10 of the acoustic black hole structure 4, it plays the role of transferring and absorbing the vibration energy in the area of the acoustic black hole structure 4 to the local oscillator component 6, which can effectively reduce the support structure 3 vibration response.

In this embodiment, the acoustic black hole structure 4 , the damping coating 5 and the local vibrator assembly 6 distributed on the support structure 3 are used to achieve efficient accumulation, loss and absorption of structural vibration energy, so that during the vibration transmission process of the vibration source device 1 , the The structural vibration is strongly attenuated, effectively improving the vibration isolation effect. Further, the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure 4 are set to be concave, which is more conducive to the collection of vibration energy and improves the vibration isolation effect.

On the basis of the above embodiment, further referring to FIG. 4 , the local oscillator component 6 is connected above or below the acoustic black hole structure 4 .

On the basis of the above embodiment, the local oscillator assembly 6 further includes a support spring 6b and a mass block 6a, one end of the support spring 6b is connected to the acoustic black hole structure 4, and the other end of the support spring 6b is connected to the mass block 6a.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the local oscillator assembly 6 includes a concentrated mass block 6a and a support spring 6b, and can be installed on the acoustic black hole structure of the support structure 3 by forward installation or reverse hoisting according to the installation space conditions. 4. Support the upper or lower part of the platform 10. In this embodiment, the local vibrator assembly 6 has the function of suppressing the low-frequency characteristic line spectrum of structural vibration. Specifically, for the strongest excitation frequency of the vibration source device 1, the mass and the mass of the mass block 6a in the local vibrator assembly 6 can be reasonably designed The stiffness of the support spring 6b achieves a substantial reduction in the peak of the strongest low-frequency line spectrum in the support structure 3 . The specific mass of the mass 6a and the specific stiffness of the support spring 6b can be determined according to the actual situation and according to experience or experiments.

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the upper surface of the support structure 3 is connected with the upper vibration isolator 2 for connecting the vibration source device 1 , and the lower surface of the support structure 3 is connected with the lower vibration isolation for connecting the installation base 8 . device 7.

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to FIG. 1 , the present embodiment provides a marine system, the marine system includes the vibration isolation device based on the acoustic black hole structure 4 described in any of the above embodiments, and further includes a vibration source The equipment 1 , the installation base 8 and the ship shell 9 , the vibration isolation device is arranged between the vibration source equipment 1 and the installation base 8 , and the installation base 8 is fixed to the ship shell 9 . The vibration source device 1 in the marine system can be a power device.

On the basis of the above embodiments, further, this embodiment provides a marine power machinery vibration isolation system with low frequency broadband performance, small additional influence and low cost in view of the deficiencies of the current marine power machinery vibration isolation technology. Specifically disclosed is a vibration isolation device based on the acoustic black hole structure 4, which is used to improve the low frequency broadband effect of vibration isolation, can be used for vibration isolation of the ship vibration source equipment 1, and can effectively improve the low frequency vibration isolation effect. The vibration isolation device includes: an acoustic black hole structure 4, which is used to gather the vibration energy transmitted by the vibration source device 1; a support structure 3, which is distributed with a uniform acoustic black hole structure 4, and is connected with the upper and lower vibration isolators 7, as The main channel for vibration transmission from the vibration source device 1 to the ship hull 9; the damping coating 5, which is used to lose the vibration energy collected by the acoustic black hole structure 4; the local oscillator assembly 6, which is used to absorb the vibration collected by the acoustic black hole structure 4 energy.

In this embodiment, in the process of vibration transmission from the vibration source device 1 to the ship hull 9, the acoustic black hole structure 4 can achieve efficient accumulation of vibration energy, the damping coating 5 and the local oscillator can achieve efficient loss and absorption of vibration energy, and The low-frequency vibration bandgap is obtained by using the homogeneity of the acoustic black hole structure 4 and the local oscillator, so as to effectively improve the low-frequency broadband effect of vibration isolation.

In this embodiment, through the acoustic black hole structure 4 in the support structure 3, the structural impedance changes smoothly with the change of thickness, and the energy of the bending wave will be concentrated in the middle of the acoustic black hole structure 4, so as to realize the efficient accumulation of vibration energy. On this basis, by pasting the damping coating 5 on the upper and lower concave surfaces of the acoustic black hole, and installing the local oscillator component 6 on the support platform 10 of the acoustic black hole structure 4, the high-efficiency loss and absorption of vibration energy can be achieved. In the process of vibration transmission from the equipment 1 to the ship shell 9, the vibration isolation effect is effectively improved.

In this embodiment, the distribution of the acoustic black hole structure 4 and the local oscillator component 6 in the support structure 3 is uniform, so that the support structure 3 becomes an artificial phononic crystal structure, and the artificial phononic crystal has Bragg The characteristics of the scattering type phononic crystal and the local resonance type phononic crystal can obtain the vibration wide frequency band gap of the support structure 3, effectively increase the attenuation amplitude of the vibration amplitude of the support structure 3, and make the vibration band gap of the support structure 3 range. Extend to low frequencies.

In this embodiment, the local oscillator assembly 6 has the function of suppressing the low-frequency characteristic line spectrum of structural vibration. For the strongest excitation frequency of the vibration source device 1, the mass of the concentrated mass 6a in the local oscillator and the stiffness of the support spring 6b are reasonably designed. , to achieve a substantial reduction in the peak of the strongest low-frequency line spectrum in the structure.

This embodiment can flexibly determine the number, size, distribution and local oscillators of the acoustic black hole structures 4 in the support structure 3 according to the excitation characteristics of different vibration source devices 1 while achieving the effect of improving the vibration isolation of the ship's vibration source equipment 1 . The design parameters of the component 6 have a wide application range, easy implementation and low cost. The specific number, size and distribution of the acoustic black hole structures 4 can be set according to the excitation characteristics of the actual vibration source device 1 and the need for supporting stiffness, which is not specifically limited.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. a vibration isolation device based on acoustic black hole structure, is characterized in that, comprises support structure, and described support structure is used for being arranged between vibration source equipment and installation base, and described support structure is constructed with several acoustic black holes The acoustic black hole structure is connected with a local oscillator component. 2 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the acoustic black hole structures are uniformly distributed on the support structure. 3 . 3 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure are respectively provided with damping coatings. 4 . 4. The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic black hole structure are respectively concave, and the thickness of the acoustic black hole structure is from the middle to the edge Continuity increases. 5 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to claim 4 , wherein a support platform with uniform thickness is formed in the middle part of the acoustic black hole structure. 6 . 6 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to claim 5 , wherein the local oscillator assembly is connected to the support platform. 7 . 7 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to claim 1 , wherein the local oscillator component is connected above or below the acoustic black hole structure. 8 . 8. The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the local oscillator component comprises a support spring and a mass block, and one end of the support spring is connected to the acoustic black hole. The structure is connected, and the other end of the support spring is connected with the mass. 9 . The vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the upper surface of the support structure is connected with an upper vibration isolator for connecting vibration source equipment, and the support structure The lower surface is connected with the lower vibration isolator for connecting the mounting base. 10. A ship system, characterized in that it comprises the vibration isolation device based on an acoustic black hole structure according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9, and further comprises a vibration source device, a mounting base and a ship shell, the vibration isolation device. The device is arranged between the vibration source equipment and the installation base, and the installation base is fixed to the ship shell.

Images