CN111604155B - Method and device for treating urban solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating urban waste, which comprises a rack and a crushing mechanism arranged on the rack, wherein a screening mechanism and a grinding mechanism are arranged on the rack, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the screening mechanism, the grinding mechanism is arranged below the screening mechanism, the screening mechanism comprises a screening barrel and a screening plate, the screening plate is arranged in the screening barrel, an anti-blocking component for dredging screening holes is arranged in the screening barrel, the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding barrel and a plurality of grinding rollers, the grinding rollers are provided with a plurality of groups of grinding knife components for grinding solid waste along the length direction of the grinding rollers, and one side of the grinding barrel is provided with an incinerator. The device has the advantage of good crushing effect on solid wastes, further improves the recovery treatment effect, and provides a treatment method with good crushing effect.

Description

Method and device for treating urban solid waste

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating urban waste.

Background

Solid waste is solid, semi-solid waste produced in human production, consumption, life and other activities. The solid waste mainly comprises solid particles, garbage, slag, sludge, waste products, broken vessels and the like. In order to reduce environmental pollution to the region and prevent secondary pollution, it is therefore necessary for the solid waste treatment apparatus to efficiently dispose of the solid waste.

For example, patent publication number is CN 209093540U's a solid waste's treatment facility, including the base, base top middle part fixed mounting has the box, and the middle part fixed mounting on box top has the pan feeding mouth, and the top of pan feeding mouth one side articulates there is the case lid, and the bottom of case lid inner chamber one side articulates there is the ejection of compact lid, and the shallow has been placed at the middle part of case inner chamber bottom, and the equal fixed mounting in bottom of case inner chamber both sides has the sloping block, the top of case inner chamber both sides is provided with guider, and guider includes the hydraulic stem, and the one end fixed mounting of pneumatic cylinder is on the top of case inner chamber, and the other end of pneumatic cylinder articulates there is the quarter butt, and the other end of quarter butt articulates there is the rectangular plate, is provided with first cylinder and second cylinder in the box, is provided with broken knife rest on first cylinder and the second cylinder. This solid abandonment treatment facility uses through hydraulic stem and quarter butt cooperation, makes the one end of two rectangular plates can be close to each other or keep away from each other, and then changes the distance value that two rectangular plates opened and shut, makes solid waste can all lead between first cylinder and the second cylinder to make solid waste can not remain in the box and do not do crushing treatment.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: be provided with broken knife rest in this treatment facility in order to play the crushing effect, but the particle size of the solid waste after the breakage is different, causes broken inhomogeneous and crushing effect relatively poor to influence solid waste's recovery processing effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an urban solid waste treatment device which has the advantage of good crushing effect on solid waste, and further improves the recovery treatment effect.

One of the above objects of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides an urban solid waste processing apparatus, includes the frame and sets up the broken mechanism in the frame, broken mechanism is used for the solid waste breakage, its characterized in that: the screening mechanism and the grinding mechanism are arranged on the rack, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the screening mechanism, a discharge hopper is communicated between the crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism, and the grinding mechanism is arranged below the screening mechanism;

the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of crushing rollers for crushing solid wastes and a crushing barrel, the crushing rollers are rotatably borne in the crushing barrel, a first driving assembly for driving the crushing rollers to rotate is arranged on the crushing barrel, the top of the crushing barrel is communicated with a feed hopper, and the bottom of the crushing barrel is communicated with a discharge hopper;

the screening mechanism comprises a screening barrel and a screening plate, the screening plate is arranged in the screening barrel, one side of the screening barrel is provided with a screening discharge hole, the screening plate is provided with a plurality of screening holes for small-particle solid wastes to pass through, an anti-blocking component for dredging the screening holes is arranged in the screening barrel, the bottom of the screening barrel is provided with a plurality of screening discharge holes, one side wall of the screening barrel is provided with a vibrating motor, a collecting box for collecting large-particle solid wastes is arranged on the rack, and the collecting box is positioned below the screening discharge hole;

the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding barrel and a plurality of grinding rollers used for grinding solid waste, a mounting frame is detachably connected in the grinding barrel, the grinding rollers are vertically arranged and rotatably supported in the mounting frame, each grinding roller is provided with a plurality of groups of grinding knife assemblies used for grinding the solid waste along the length direction of the grinding rollers, a second driving assembly used for driving the plurality of grinding rollers to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame, a filter screen used for filtering the ground solid waste is arranged at the bottom of the grinding barrel, an incinerator is arranged on one side of the rack, a collecting barrel is communicated between the incinerator and the grinding barrel, and a drying piece used for drying the solid waste is arranged on the collecting barrel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the solid waste is poured into the crushing barrel of the crushing mechanism through the feed hopper, so that the leather roller can crush the solid waste for the first time, meanwhile, the sieving plate and the vibrating motor are additionally arranged in the sieving barrel, so that the solid waste after the primary crushing can be sieved, and the solid waste with larger particles can be sieved out, the grinding roller is arranged in the grinding barrel, the grinding roller is driven to rotate by the second driving component, so that the grinding cutter component is driven to rotate, so that the sieved solid waste can be ground more finely, the particle size of the obtained solid waste is more uniform and finer, the solid waste can be fully ground, the crushing effect of the solid waste is good, the solid waste is dried by the material receiving barrel and the drying mechanism, the drying effect of the solid waste is improved, and the solid waste conveyed to the incinerator is more thoroughly burnt, the recovery treatment effect of the solid waste is improved.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the anti-blocking component comprises an anti-blocking plate and a plurality of anti-blocking needles, the anti-blocking plate is positioned below the screening plate, the anti-blocking needles are arranged on one side surface of the anti-blocking plate close to the screening plate, an installation block is arranged on one inner side of the screening barrel far away from the screening discharge hole, the installation block is rotatably loaded with a rotating column horizontally arranged, one end of the anti-blocking plate is fixedly connected to the rotating column, one end of the installation block is provided with a first control piece for driving the rotating column to rotate, when the anti-blocking plate rotates to be parallel to the screening plate, the anti-blocking needles are positioned in one-to-one correspondence with the screening holes, one inner side of the screening barrel far away from the screening discharge hole is provided with two cylinders for driving the installation block to move upwards, the two cylinders are positioned at two ends of the installation block, and a piston rod of each cylinder is connected with the installation block, the anti-blocking needles penetrate through the corresponding screening holes.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs mediation screening hole, utilize first control to make prevent stifled board rotate to parallel with the screening board, be connected with the installation piece through addding the cylinder, make the installation piece reciprocate in the screening bucket, make prevent stifled needle and pass the screening hole that corresponds, and then can make the screening hole mediation that is blockked up, so do not need manual operation just can dredge the screening hole.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the screening board is close to from the screening bin outlet follows the length direction tilt up setting of screening board.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, screening board slope sets up can accelerate solid waste's row's material speed, and then makes the better discharge screening bin outlet of the large granule solid waste of separation on the screening board.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the grinding cutter component comprises a plurality of grinding cutters and a mounting frame, the mounting frame comprises a mounting ring and a plurality of limiting convex strips in one-to-one correspondence with the grinding cutters, each limiting convex strip is arranged on the mounting ring and arranged along the circumference direction of the mounting ring at equal intervals, the plurality of grinding cutters are arranged along the circumference direction of the side wall of the grinding roller, each grinding cutter comprises a cutter head and a cutter body, the cutter body is integrally formed on the side surface of the grinding roller far away from the cutter head, one end of the cutter body far away from the cutter head is provided with a cutting edge, a limiting groove corresponding to the limiting convex strip is arranged on the cutter head, the limiting convex strips are in plug-in fit with the limiting groove, and two adjacent cutter heads are provided with fixing components for fixing the cutter head between the grinding roller.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize spacing sand grip and spacing groove to peg graft the cooperation to make the tool bit fix on grinding the roller with fixed subassembly, so set up and to make the firm fixing of triturating knife on grinding the roller, when making grinding the roller rotate, the difficult not hard up of triturating knife, the staff of being convenient for when the triturating knife is damaged is to the broken triturating knife change simultaneously.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fixed subassembly includes first butt piece and second butt piece, first butt piece integrated into one in on the tool bit of grinding the sword, second butt piece integrated into one in another on the grinding the sword, first butt piece with second butt piece contradicts each other and splices, be provided with the bolt on the first butt piece, the lateral wall of grinding the roller is provided with the screw hole that corresponds with fastening bolt, fastening bolt runs through in proper order first butt piece and second butt piece and corresponding screw hole threaded connection.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first butt piece and second butt piece concatenation cooperation to utilize the bolt fastening, can make two adjacent grinding knives connect compacter more firm, make difficult not hard up between two adjacent grinding knives.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the utility model discloses a knife blade, including blade, cutter head, blade, grinding piece, blade.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the abrasive disc in the one end that the tool bit was kept away from to the blade, can set up blade and solid waste's grinding area when grinding the sword rotation and grind solid waste, make solid waste more abundant by the ground to improve the efficiency of grinding the sword.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inside wall circumference of grinding barrel is provided with the grinding board, the grinding board deviates from grinding barrel's lateral wall is provided with a plurality of spine portion.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be provided with a plurality of spine portions on the lapping plate, so can increase the grinding area of grinding barrel, obtain fully grinding when further making solid waste ground once more to make cabinet body discarded object ground more even.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the both ends of receiving the feed cylinder are the blind end, just receive the feed cylinder from being close to the one end of grinding barrel is followed the length direction tilt up setting of receiving the feed cylinder, the material roller is passed in the rotation carrying of receiving the feed cylinder, circumference is provided with helical blade on passing the material roller, a blind end of receiving the feed cylinder is provided with and is used for control pass material roller pivoted second control.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add the receipts feed cylinder in the frame, be provided with the biography material roller in the receipts feed cylinder, circumference is provided with helical blade on the biography material roller, and helical blade has the drive effect, makes the receipts feed cylinder can convey solid waste to the incinerator, so do not need artifical transport can accomplish to pass the material to improve device's automated ability.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the drying part is an air heater, the air heater is arranged on the rack, one side of the material collecting barrel, which is close to the grinding mechanism, is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and each air outlet is communicated with the air outlet end of the air heater through a communicating pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of air heater can make solid waste carry out drying and drying to solid waste when the material is passed to the material receiving cylinder to improve solid waste's drying effect, make solid waste get into better burning in the incinerator, improve incineration efficiency.

The invention also aims to provide a method for treating the municipal solid waste, which realizes the functions of secondary crushing and screening treatment of the solid waste, ensures that the crushing effect of the solid waste is better and improves the incineration efficiency of the solid waste.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a method for treating municipal solid waste comprises the following steps:

s1, pouring the solid waste into the crushing barrel from the feed hopper, driving the crushing roller to rotate and crushing the solid waste for the first time;

s2, crushing the solid waste, screening the crushed solid waste in a screening mechanism, driving a vibration motor arranged on the side wall of a screening barrel to vibrate the screening barrel, enabling small-particle solid waste falling onto a screening plate to pass through a screening hole and enter the screening barrel, and enabling large-particle solid waste to move along the screening plate and to be discharged into a collecting box through one end of a screening discharge port;

s3, when the small-particle solid waste screened in the S2 falls into the grinding barrel through the screening discharge hole arranged at the bottom of the screening barrel, the second driving assembly is driven to work, so that the two grinding rollers arranged on the mounting frame rotate and grind the small-particle solid waste;

s4, when the small-particle solid waste crushed in the step S3 falls to a filter screen arranged at the bottom of the crushing barrel to be filtered, the small-particle solid waste reaches a material receiving barrel arranged on the rack and communicated with the bottom of the crushing barrel, a hot air blower arranged on the rack is driven to work, an air outlet arranged on the material receiving barrel is used for discharging hot air, the crushed solid waste is dried, meanwhile, a second control piece is driven to work, a material conveying roller rotatably borne in the material receiving barrel is driven to rotate, and the solid waste is conveyed to an incinerator by spiral blades circumferentially arranged on the material conveying roller to be incinerated.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, solid waste carries out preliminary breakage through the crushing roller in the crushing mechanism, utilize screening board and vibrating motor in the screening mechanism to sieve the solid waste of large granule, then utilize the trituration sword to grind the solid waste after the screening, so that solid waste's crushing effect is good, utilize the helical blade biography material in the receipts feed cylinder at last, and utilize the air heater to carry out the drying to solid waste, in order to improve solid waste's incineration efficiency, strengthen solid waste's treatment effect.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the solid waste is poured into the crushing mechanism through the feed hopper to be subjected to primary crushing, screening by the screening mechanism and secondary crushing by the crushing mechanism, so that the crushing efficiency and effect of the solid waste are improved, and the solid waste is sufficiently crushed;

2. the anti-blocking needle is additionally arranged on the anti-blocking plate, and the anti-blocking needle penetrates through the screening holes by utilizing the first control piece and the driving cylinder so as to dredge the screening holes and reduce the occurrence of the situation that the screening holes are blocked by large-particle solid waste;

3. the grinding cutter component is additionally arranged on the grinding roller, and the grinding cutter component is detachably connected with the grinding roller, so that a worker can conveniently replace the damaged grinding cutter;

4. the spiral blades are arranged on the material conveying roller in the circumferential direction, so that the solid waste can be conveyed into the incinerator, the material conveying can be completed without manual conveying, and the automation function of the device is improved;

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sifting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the grinding mechanism and the material receiving barrel of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly relationship between the crushing blades and the crushing rollers in the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a frame; 101. a base plate; 102. a support bar; 2. a crushing mechanism; 201. a crushing barrel; 202. a crushing roller; 203. a crushing knife; 3. a first drive assembly; 301. a first drive gear; 302. a first drive wheel; 303. a first driven wheel; 304. a first drive motor; 305. a first belt; 4. a screening mechanism; 401. a screening barrel; 402. a screening plate; 5. screening holes; 6. screening a discharge port; 7. a collection box; 8. a discharge port; 9. a vibration motor; 10. mounting blocks; 11. an anti-clogging component; 111. an anti-blocking plate; 112. an anti-blocking needle; 12. rotating the column; 13. a cylinder; 14. a servo motor; 15. a universal wheel; 16. a guide convex strip; 17. a guide groove; 18. a grinding mechanism; 181. a grinding barrel; 182. a grinding roller; 19. a grinding blade assembly; 191. a grinding knife; 1911. a cutter head; 1912. a blade body; 192. a mounting frame; 1921. a mounting ring; 1922. limiting convex strips; 20. a limiting groove; 21. a fixing assembly; 211. a first abutment block; 212. a second abutment block; 213. fastening a bolt; 22. a polishing sheet; 23. positioning the convex strip; 24. a sliding groove; 25. a support plate; 26. a second drive assembly; 261. a second transmission gear; 262. a second drive wheel; 263. a second driven wheel; 264. a second drive motor; 265. a second belt; 27. a countersunk bolt; 28. a fastening component; 281. elastic buckle; 282. a clamping block; 29. a first connecting plate; 30. a second connecting plate; 31. a threaded hole; 32. a bevel gear; 33. a grinding plate; 34. a material collecting barrel; 35. a material conveying hopper; 36. a filter screen; 37. a material conveying roller; 38. a third drive motor; 39. a helical blade; 40. a hot air blower; 41. a communicating pipe; 42. an air outlet; 43. an incinerator; 44. a protection box; 45. a feed hopper; 46. a discharge hopper; 47. a discharge pipe; 48. installing a frame; 49. a guide plate; 50. a positioning frame; 51. a first rotating shaft; 52. a second axis of rotation.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the municipal solid waste treatment method and apparatus disclosed by the invention comprises a frame 1 and a crushing mechanism 2 disposed on the frame 1. The frame 1 is also provided with a screening mechanism 4 and a grinding mechanism 18, the crushing mechanism 2 is arranged above the screening mechanism 4, and the grinding mechanism 18 is arranged below the screening mechanism 4.

Wherein, frame 1 includes that the cross section is rectangular bottom plate 101 and two and be vertical setting and the bracing piece 102 that is parallel to each other, and the one end of two bracing pieces 102 all welds in one side of bottom plate 101. In order to facilitate the movement of the device, four universal wheels 15 are mounted at the bottom of the bottom plate 101, and the four universal wheels 15 are uniformly distributed at four side corners of the bottom plate 101.

Referring to fig. 3, the crushing mechanism 2 includes a crushing barrel 201 and a plurality of horizontally arranged crushing rollers 202, and the crushing barrel 201 is fixedly mounted on one side surface of two support rods 102. The top of the crushing barrel 201 is communicated with a feed hopper 45, the bottom of the crushing barrel 201 is communicated with a discharge hopper 46, and in the embodiment, the discharge hopper 46 is formed by a plastic soft bag. Meanwhile, the number of the crushing rollers 202 is two, and the two crushing rollers 202 are rotatably carried in the crushing barrel 201. The first rotating shafts 51 are welded at two ends of the two crushing rollers 202, and the first rotating shafts 51 at one ends of the two crushing rollers 202 penetrate through the side wall of the crushing barrel 201 and extend out of the crushing barrel 201. A plurality of crushing blades 203 for crushing the solid waste are sequentially fixedly mounted in the longitudinal direction of the two crushing rollers 202, and the plurality of crushing blades 203 between the two crushing rollers 202 are arranged at intervals in a staggered manner. Furthermore, in order to drive the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate, a first driving component 3 for driving the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate is mounted on the side wall of the crushing barrel 201, the first driving component comprises two first transmission gears 301 which are meshed with each other, a first driving wheel 302, a first driven wheel 303, a first belt 305 and a first driving motor 304, the two first transmission gears 301 are respectively sleeved on the two first rotating shafts 51, and the first driven wheel 303 is fixedly sleeved on the extending end of one of the first rotating shafts 51. The first driving motor 304 is fixedly installed on an outer side wall of the crushing barrel 201 far away from the support rod 102, and the first driving motor 304 is located on one side of the first driven wheel 303. The first driving wheel 302 is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the first driving motor 304, and the first belt 305 is connected between the first driving wheel 302 and the first driven wheel 303, so that the first driving motor 304 is driven to rotate the first driving wheel 302, and under the action of the first driving wheel 301 and the first driven wheel 303 and the action of the two mutually meshed first driving gears 301, the two crushing rollers 202 rotate relatively, so that the solid waste is crushed preliminarily.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the screening mechanism 4 includes a screening barrel 401 and a screening plate 402, a screening discharge opening 6 is opened on a side surface of the screening barrel 401 close to the support rod 102, a guide plate 49 is welded to a side wall of the screening barrel 401 close to the support rod 102, the guide plate 49 is located below the screening discharge opening 6, and the guide plate 49 is inclined downwards from one end of the screening discharge opening 6 along a length direction of the guide plate 49. The screening plate 402 is located at one end of the screening barrel 401 near the top, and a plurality of screening holes 5 for small-particle solid waste to pass through are formed in the screening plate 402. The screening plate 402 is inclined upward from the end near the screening discharge opening 6 along the length direction of the screening plate 402 to better discharge the crushed solid waste from the screening discharge opening 6. Meanwhile, a vibration motor 9 (see fig. 1) is fixedly mounted on a surface of the sieving barrel 401 on a side away from the support rod 102. By driving the vibration motor 9, the sieving barrel 401 is vibrated and the sieving plate 402 is driven to vibrate, thereby sieving the crushed solid waste. In order to collect the large-particle solid wastes on the screening plate 402, the frame 1 is provided with a collecting box 7 for collecting the large-particle solid wastes and a bearing plate 25 for bearing the collecting box 7, the collecting box 7 is located below the screening discharge outlet 6, the bearing plate 25 is horizontally welded and fixed on the two opposite side surfaces of the two support rods 102, and the collecting box 7 is placed on the bearing plate 25.

It is worth mentioning that, screening hole 5 on screening board 402 is blockked up by the solid waste of large granule, be provided with on screening bucket 401 and be used for preventing the stifled subassembly 11 that prevents that screening hole 5 from blockking up, prevent stifled subassembly 11 including preventing stifled board 111 and many and prevent stifled needle 112, screening bucket 401 keeps away from an inboard of screening bin outlet 6 and is provided with the installation piece 10 that is the U-shaped setting, the relative both sides surface rotation of installation piece 10 bears the weight of and is the rotation post 12 that the level set up, and outside the one end of rotating post 12 runs through installation piece 10 and stretches out installation piece 10, the fixed cover of one end of preventing stifled board 111 was located on rotation post 12. Many prevent stifled needles 112 fixed welding in one side surface of preventing stifled board 111, and many prevent stifled needles 112's position and sieve hole 5 position one-to-one. Meanwhile, a first control piece for controlling the rotation of the rotating column 12 is installed on the installation block 10, the first control piece is a servo motor 14, the servo motor 14 is fixedly installed on one side, away from the rotating column 12, of the installation block 10, an output shaft of the servo motor 14 is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating column 12, a pair of bevel gears 32 which are meshed with each other is further arranged between the servo motor 14 and the rotating column 12, one bevel gear 32 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 14, and the other bevel gear 32 is fixedly arranged on an extending end of the rotating column 12, so that the servo motor 14 is driven to enable the anti-blocking plate 111 to turn over. Meanwhile, when the anti-blocking plate 111 is turned to be parallel to the screening plate 402, the needle point of the anti-blocking needle 112 faces the screening plate 402 at the moment, in order to dredge the screening hole 5 which is blocked, two cylinders 13 are installed on the inner side, far away from the screening discharge outlet 6, of the screening barrel 401, and the two cylinders 13 are respectively located at the two ends of the mounting block in the length direction. The distance between the two cylinders 13 can be used for overturning the anti-blocking plate 111, and the piston rod of each cylinder 13 is fixedly welded with one end corresponding to the mounting block 10. In order to prevent solid waste from adhering to the air cylinder 13, the servo motor 14 and the bevel gear 32, when the device is used, a protective cover can be covered on the air cylinder 13, the driving motor and the bevel gear 32 at the inner side of the screening barrel 401, so that the protective function is achieved.

Referring to fig. 5, in addition, an inner side of the sieving barrel 401 away from the sieving discharge opening 6 is welded with guide ribs 16 arranged in a T shape, and the guide ribs 16 are arranged along the height direction of the sieving barrel 401. Meanwhile, a guide groove 17 which is arranged in a penetrating manner and corresponds to the guide convex strip 16 is formed in the surface of one side, close to the guide convex strip 16, of the mounting block 10, and the guide convex strip 16 is in sliding fit with the guide groove 17 to guide the mounting block 10. When the driving cylinder 13 pushes the mounting block 10 to move upwards, the anti-blocking needles 112 on the anti-blocking plate 111 penetrate through the corresponding screening holes 5, thereby dredging the screening holes 5. In addition, a plurality of screening discharge gate 8 has been seted up to screening bucket 401's bottom, and in this embodiment, screening discharge gate 8 is two. The intercommunication has discharging pipe 47 on the screening discharge gate 8, discharging pipe 47 is flexible hose, the equal fixed mounting of one end that broken bucket 201 was kept away from to the one end that screening bucket 401 was kept away from to discharging pipe 47 and feeder hopper 45 has locating frame 50, the locating frame 50 of installing on a hopper 46 contradicts in the top and the accessible bolt fastening of screening bucket 401, make out hopper 46 and screening bucket 401 intercommunication, the locating frame 50 of installing on discharging pipe 47 contradicts in the top of triturating bucket 181 and also can pass through the bolt fastening with the triturating bucket 181 top, make discharging pipe 47 and triturating bucket 181 communicate.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the grinding mechanism 18 includes a grinding barrel 181 and a plurality of grinding rollers 182, a mounting frame 48 is provided in the grinding barrel 181, the plurality of grinding rollers 182 are vertically disposed and rotatably supported in the mounting frame 48, in the present embodiment, the number of the grinding rollers 182 is two, the distance between the two grinding rollers 182 is smaller than the distance between the two grinding rollers 202, and the second rotating shafts 52 are welded to both ends of the two grinding rollers 182, and the second rotating shafts 52 close to the sieving mechanism 4 penetrate through the mounting frame 48 and extend out of the mounting frame 48 to be close to each other. Each of the grinding rollers 182 has a plurality of sets of grinding blade assemblies 19 for grinding the solid waste after screening arranged in the longitudinal direction, in the present embodiment, the number of sets of grinding blades 191 is five, and the plurality of sets of grinding blade assemblies 19 between the two grinding rollers 182 are arranged at intervals in a staggered manner. Meanwhile, a second driving assembly 26 for driving the grinding roller 182 to rotate is mounted at one end of the mounting frame 48 close to the sieving mechanism 4, and the second driving assembly 26 includes two second transmission gears 261, a second driving wheel 262, a second driven wheel 263, a second belt 265 and a second driving motor 264 which are meshed with each other. The two second transmission gears 261 are respectively and fixedly sleeved at the extending end of the second rotating shaft 52, the second driven wheel 263 is fixedly sleeved at the extending end of one of the second rotating shafts 52, the second driving motor 264 is installed at one side of the second driven wheel 263, the second driving wheel 262 is fixedly sleeved at the output shaft of the second driving motor 264, and the second belt 265 is connected between the second driving wheel 262 and the second driven wheel 263, so that the two grinding rollers 182 can be driven to rotate relatively to realize the grinding effect. In addition, the mounting frame 48 covers an end thereof adjacent the sizing barrel 401 with a protective box 44 (see FIG. 1) for protecting the second drive assembly 26.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 6, for the convenience of changing the crushing knife 191, the two relative insides of crushing bucket 181 have all been welded positioning convex strip 23, two positioning convex strips 23 set up along the direction of height of crushing bucket 181, two relative both sides surfaces of positioning convex strip 23 run through along positioning convex strip 23's length direction from a surface that is close to screening bucket 401 and have seted up sliding groove 24, the both ends of installing frame 48 and the sliding groove 24 that corresponds cooperate of sliding, two lateral walls of crushing bucket 181 all are provided with a plurality of countersunk head bolts 27, in this embodiment, the quantity of countersunk head bolt 27 is three, and three countersunk head bolts 27 set up along the 48 direction of height of installing frame, each countersunk head bolt 27 runs through the lateral wall and the 48 threaded connection of installing frame of crushing bucket 181. In addition, the grinding plate 33 is circumferentially installed on the inner side wall of the grinding barrel 181, and the grinding plate 33 is circumferentially provided with a frosted surface facing away from the side wall of the grinding barrel 181. The screened solid waste can be sufficiently ground under the combined action of the grinding surface and the grinding knife 191.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, meanwhile, a first connecting plate 29 is welded on the surface of one side of the sieving barrel 401 close to the support rods 102, a second connecting plate 30 is welded between the two support rods 102, and one side of the second connecting plate 30 is hinged with one side of the first connecting plate 29. A fastening assembly 28 for fixing the first connecting plate 29 and the second connecting plate 30 is disposed between ends of the first connecting plate 29 and the second connecting plate 30 away from the hinge point, and the fastening assembly 28 includes an elastic fastener 281 and a latch 282. The elastic buckle 281 is U-shaped and welded to the end of the first connection plate 29 away from the hinge point, the latch 282 rotates and is supported at the end of the second connection plate 30 away from the hinge point, the turning latch 282 is buckled with the elastic buckle 281, so that the two opposite side surfaces of the first connection plate 29 and the second connection plate 30 are butted, and the sieving barrel 401 is located right above the grinding barrel 181. When the crushing blade 191 needs to be replaced, the elastic buckle 281 is separated from the clamping block 282, the sieving barrel 401 is rotated, so that enough space is reserved above the crushing barrel 181 for the installation frame 48 to be taken out, the countersunk head bolt 27 is detached, and the installation frame 48 is taken out, so that the operation of replacing the crushing blade 191 can be carried out.

Referring to fig. 8, each of the crushing blade assemblies 19 includes a plurality of crushing blades 191 and a mounting frame 192. The mounting bracket 192 includes a mounting ring 1921 and limiting protrusions 1922 corresponding to the plurality of grinding blades 191 one by one, the mounting ring 1921 is fixedly sleeved on the grinding roller 182, the limiting protrusions 1922 are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring 1921, the limiting protrusions 1922 are vertically arranged on the mounting ring 1921, and one end of each limiting protrusion 1922 is integrally formed with the mounting ring 1921. In this embodiment, the number of the grinding knives 191 is four, each of the four grinding knives 191 includes a curved knife body 1912 and an arc-shaped knife head 1911, the knife heads 1911 are integrally formed on one side surface of the knife body 1912 away from the crushing roller 202, one side surface of the knife head 1911 is provided with a limiting groove 20 corresponding to the limiting convex strips 1922 one by one, and the limiting convex strips 1922 are inserted into the limiting grooves 20. Meanwhile, the two opposite side surfaces between two adjacent grinding knives 191 are respectively provided with a first abutting block 211 and a second abutting block 212 which are arranged in an arc shape, the first abutting block 211 is integrally formed on the cutter head 1911 of one grinding knife 191, and the second abutting block 212 is integrally formed on the cutter head 1911 of the other grinding knife 191. When the two adjacent cutting heads 1911 are inserted into the limiting grooves 20, the first abutting block 211 and the second abutting block 212 are abutted and engaged, and the first abutting block 211 is located on a side surface of the second abutting block 212 far away from the grinding roller 182. In addition, a fastening bolt 213 is disposed between two adjacent first abutting blocks 211 and second abutting blocks 212, a threaded hole 31 corresponding to the fastening bolt 213 is opened on the side wall of the grinding roller 182, and the fastening bolt 213 is threaded through the first abutting blocks 211 and the second abutting blocks 212 in sequence and the threaded hole 31, so that the grinding blade 191 is fixed on the grinding roller 182. The side of the blade 1912 far away from the cutting head 1911 is provided with a cutting edge, the end of the blade 1912 far away from the cutting head 1911 is integrally formed with an abrasive disc 3222, the abrasive disc 3222 is perpendicular to the blade 1912, and the surface of the side of the abrasive disc 3222 far away from the cutting head 1911 is provided with a saw-toothed cutting edge, so that the grinding efficiency can be improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, the solid waste is crushed, sieved and ground, and in order to facilitate material transmission, a material receiving barrel 34 is further disposed on the bottom plate 101 of the frame 1, the material receiving barrel 34 is disposed below the grinding mechanism 18, and one end of the material receiving barrel 34 is communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 through a material transmitting hopper 35. The communicating part of the material conveying hopper 35 and the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 is also fixedly provided with a filter screen 36, and the mesh on the filter screen 36 is smaller than the screening hole 5 so as to play a role of secondary screening. The two ends of the material receiving barrel 34 are closed ends, the material receiving barrel 34 is arranged in an upward inclined mode from one end close to the grinding barrel 181 along the length direction of the material receiving barrel 34, the material conveying roller 37 is rotationally supported in the material receiving barrel 34, and the spiral blades 39 are arranged on the material conveying roller 37 in the circumferential direction. The closed end of the material receiving barrel 34 is provided with a second control member for controlling the rotation of the material conveying roller 37, the second control member is a third driving motor 38, and an output shaft of the third driving motor 38 penetrates through the closed end of the material receiving barrel 34 close to the supporting rod 102 and is fixedly connected with the material conveying roller 37. In addition, the side of the material receiving cylinder 34 far away from the support rod 102 is communicated with the incinerator 43, and when the third driving motor 38 is driven, the solid waste is conveyed to the incinerator 43 to be incinerated under the driving action of the helical blade 39. In order to improve the drying effect of the solid waste, a drying element for drying the solid waste is mounted on the bottom plate 101, the drying element is a hot air blower 40, and the hot air blower 40 is mounted on the bottom plate 102 of the rack 1 and is located at one side of the grinding mechanism 18. A plurality of air outlets 42 are formed in one side of the material receiving barrel 34 close to the grinding mechanism 18, a communication pipe 41 is communicated between the air outlets 42 and the air outlet end of the air heater 40, and the communication pipe 41 is a hose to improve the drying effect of the solid waste so as to facilitate the incineration of the solid waste.

A method for treating municipal solid waste comprises the following specific steps:

s1, pouring the solid waste into the crushing barrel 201 from the feeding hopper 45, and driving the first driving motor 304 installed on the crushing barrel 201 to operate, wherein the first driving motor 304 rotates the first driving wheel 302, and rotates the first driven wheel 303 through the first belt 305, so that the two first driving gears 301 engaged with each other rotate, thereby driving the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate and crush the solid waste;

s2, crushing the solid waste, screening the crushed solid waste in a screening mechanism 4, driving a vibration motor 9 arranged on the side wall of a screening barrel 401 to vibrate the screening barrel 401, enabling the small-particle solid waste falling onto a screening plate 402 to pass through a screening hole 5 and enter the screening barrel 401, and enabling the large-particle solid waste to move along the screening plate 402 and to be discharged into a collecting box 7 through one end of a screening discharge port 6;

s3, when the small-particle solid waste screened in the S2 falls into the grinding barrel 181 through the screening discharge port 8 arranged at the bottom of the screening barrel 401, the third driving motor 38 arranged on the grinding barrel 181 is driven to work, so that the two grinding rollers 182 arranged on the mounting frame 48 rotate and the small-particle solid waste is crushed again;

and S4, when the small solid waste crushed again in the step S3 falls to the filter screen 36 arranged at the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 for filtering, and then reaches the receiving barrel 34 arranged on the frame 1 and communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel 181, the hot air blower 40 arranged on the grinding mechanism 18 is driven to work, the air outlet 42 arranged on the receiving barrel 34 is used for discharging hot air, the ground solid waste is dried, meanwhile, the fourth driving motor is driven, the material conveying roller 37 rotatably supported in the receiving barrel 34 rotates, and the helical blades 39 circumferentially arranged on the material conveying roller 37 convey the small solid waste crushed again to the incinerator 43 for incineration.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: through set up crushing mechanism 2, screening mechanism 4 and grinding mechanism 18 in frame 1, make solid waste crushing mechanism 2 broken for the first time, screening mechanism 4 screens out large granule solid waste and grinding mechanism 18 grinds the back, passes to incineration furnace 43 through helical blade 39 in receiving a material section of thick bamboo 34 and in incineration disposal to make solid waste obtain abundant breakage, make the broken footpath grain size of solid waste more even and tiny, with the recovery processing effect who improves solid waste.

Wherein, add in screening mechanism 4 and prevent stifled subassembly 11, can in time dredge the screening hole 5 that is blockked up on the screening board 402, avoid the condition of screening hole 5 jam to take place, add in grinding mechanism 18 and grind knife tackle spare 19, can further carry out abundant recrushing to the solid waste after the screening to make the solid waste breakage even.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an urban solid waste processing device, includes frame (1) and sets up crushing mechanism (2) on frame (1), crushing mechanism (2) are used for the solid waste breakage, its characterized in that: a screening mechanism (4) and a grinding mechanism (18) are arranged on the rack (1), the crushing mechanism (2) is arranged above the screening mechanism (4), a discharge hopper (46) is communicated between the crushing mechanism (2) and the screening mechanism (4), and the grinding mechanism (18) is arranged below the screening mechanism (4);

the crushing mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of crushing rollers (202) for crushing solid waste and a crushing barrel (201), the plurality of crushing rollers (202) are rotatably borne in the crushing barrel (201), a first driving assembly (3) for driving the plurality of crushing rollers (202) to rotate is arranged on the crushing barrel (201), the top of the crushing barrel (201) is communicated with a feed hopper (45), and the bottom of the crushing barrel (201) is communicated with a discharge hopper (46);

the screening mechanism (4) comprises a screening barrel (401) and a screening plate (402), the screening plate (402) is arranged in the screening barrel (401), one side of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a screening discharge hole (6), the screening plate (402) is provided with a plurality of screening holes (5) for small-particle solid waste to pass through, an anti-blocking component (11) for dredging the screening holes (5) is arranged in the screening barrel (401), the bottom of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a plurality of screening discharge holes (8), one side wall of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a vibrating motor (9), a collecting box (7) for collecting large-particle solid waste is arranged on the rack (1), and the collecting box (7) is positioned below the screening discharge hole (6);

the grinding mechanism (18) comprises a grinding barrel (181) and a plurality of grinding rollers (182) for grinding solid wastes, a mounting frame (48) is detachably connected in the grinding barrel (181), the grinding rollers (182) are vertically arranged and rotatably supported in the mounting frame (48), a plurality of groups of grinding knife assemblies (19) for grinding solid wastes are arranged along the length direction of the grinding rollers (182), a second driving assembly (26) for driving the grinding rollers (182) to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame (48), a filter screen (36) for filtering the ground solid wastes is arranged at the bottom of the grinding barrel (181), an incinerator (43) is arranged on one side of the rack (1), and a charging barrel (34) is communicated between the incinerator (43) and the grinding barrel (181), the material collecting barrel (34) is provided with a drying piece for drying solid waste, the grinding knife assembly (19) comprises a plurality of grinding knives (191) and a mounting frame (192), the mounting frame (192) comprises a mounting ring (1921) and limiting convex strips (1922) corresponding to the grinding knives (191) one by one, each limiting convex strip (1922) is arranged on the mounting ring (1921) and is equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring (1921), the grinding knives (191) are circumferentially arranged along the side wall of the grinding roller (182), each grinding knife (191) comprises a knife head (1911) and a knife body (1912), the knife body (1912) is integrally formed on one side surface of the knife head (1911) far away from the grinding roller (182), one end of the knife body (1912) far away from the knife head (1911) is provided with a knife edge, and the knife head (1911) is provided with a limiting groove (20) corresponding to the limiting convex strips (1922), the limiting convex strips (1922) are in plug fit with the limiting grooves (20), and a fixing component (21) for fixing the cutter heads (1911) is arranged between every two adjacent cutter heads (1911) and the grinding roller (182);

one end of the cutter body (1912) far away from the cutter head (1911) is provided with a grinding sheet (22), the grinding sheet (22) is vertically connected with one side surface of the cutter body (1912), and one end of the grinding sheet (22) far away from the cutter head (1911) is provided with a saw-toothed cutting edge;

screening bucket (401) are close to one side skin weld of bracing piece (102) has first connecting plate (29), two the welding has second connecting plate (30) between bracing piece (102), one side of second connecting plate (30) with one side of first connecting plate (29) is articulated, first connecting plate (29) with second connecting plate (30) are kept away from and are provided with between the articulated one end and be used for first connecting plate (29) and second connecting plate (30) fixed lock subassembly (28).

2. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: prevent stifled subassembly (11) including preventing stifled board (111) and many and prevent stifled needle (112), prevent stifled board (111) and be located the below of screening board (402), prevent stifled needle (112) set up in prevent stifled board (111) and be close to a side surface of screening board (402), screening bucket (401) are kept away from an inboard of screening bin outlet (6) is provided with installation piece (10), it bears rotation post (12) that the level set up to rotate on installation piece (10), the one end fixed connection of preventing stifled board (111) in rotate on post (12), the one end of installation piece (10) is provided with and is used for the drive rotate post (12) pivoted first control, work as prevent stifled board (111) rotate to with screening board (402) are parallel, prevent the position of stifled needle (112) with screening hole (5) one-to-one, screening bucket (401) are kept away from a inboard of screening mouth (6) is provided with two and is used for driving and is used for drive Install cylinder (13) of piece (10) rebound, and two cylinder (13) are located the both ends of installation piece (10), the piston rod of cylinder (13) with installation piece (10) are connected, prevent stifled needle (112) and pass corresponding screening hole (5).

3. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the screening plate (402) is arranged in an upward inclined mode from the position close to the screening discharge opening (6) along the length direction of the screening plate (402).

4. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing assembly (21) comprises a first abutting block (211) and a second abutting block (212), the first abutting block (211) is integrally formed on a tool bit (1911) of one grinding knife (191), the second abutting block (212) is integrally formed on the other grinding knife (191), the first abutting block (211) and the second abutting block (212) are abutted and spliced with each other, a fastening bolt (213) is arranged on the first abutting block (211), a threaded hole (31) corresponding to the fastening bolt (213) is formed in the side wall of the grinding roller (182), and the fastening bolt (213) sequentially penetrates through the first abutting block (211) and the second abutting block (212) to be in threaded connection with the corresponding threaded hole (31).

5. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inside wall circumference of grinding bucket (181) is provided with abrasive sheet (33), abrasive sheet (33) deviate from the lateral wall of grinding bucket (181) is provided with a plurality of spine portions.

6. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: both ends of receiving feed cylinder (34) are the blind end, just receive feed cylinder (34) from being close to the one end of grinding barrel (181) is followed the length direction tilt up setting of receiving feed cylinder (34), it carries material conveying roller (37) to receive the rotation of feed cylinder (34), circumference is provided with helical blade (39) on material conveying roller (37), a blind end of receiving feed cylinder (34) is provided with and is used for controlling material conveying roller (37) pivoted second control.

7. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the drying part is an air heater (40), the air heater (40) is arranged on the rack (1), one side of the material collecting barrel (34) close to the grinding mechanism (18) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (42), and the air outlets (42) are communicated with the air outlet end of the air heater (40) through a communicating pipe (41).

8. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the processing method comprises the following steps:

s1, pouring the solid waste into the crushing barrel (201) from the feed hopper (45), driving the crushing roller (202) to rotate and crushing the solid waste for the first time;

s2, crushing the solid waste, screening the solid waste in a screening mechanism (4), driving a vibration motor (9) arranged on the side wall of a screening barrel (401) to vibrate the screening barrel (401), enabling the small-particle solid waste falling onto a screening plate (402) to pass through a screening hole (5) and enter the screening barrel (401), and enabling the large-particle solid waste to move along the screening plate (402) and to be discharged into a collecting box (7) through one end of a screening discharge port (6);

s3, when the small-particle solid waste sieved in the S2 falls into the grinding barrel (181) through the sieving discharge hole (8) arranged at the bottom of the sieving barrel (401), the second driving assembly (26) is driven to work, so that the two grinding rollers (182) arranged on the mounting frame (48) rotate and grind the small-particle solid waste;

s4, when the small-particle solid waste crushed in the S3 falls to a filter screen (36) arranged at the bottom of a grinding barrel (181) for filtering, and then reaches a material receiving barrel (34) which is arranged on a frame (1) and is communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel (181), a hot air blower (40) arranged on the frame (1) is driven to work, an air outlet (42) arranged on the material receiving barrel (34) is used for discharging hot air, the ground solid waste is dried, meanwhile, a second control element is driven to work, a material conveying roller (37) rotatably carried in the material receiving barrel (34) is driven to rotate, and a helical blade (39) circumferentially arranged on the material conveying roller (37) conveys the solid waste to an incinerator (43) for incineration treatment.

Images