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CN111594813A - Combined-cycle efficient clean power generation device and method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas - Google Patents

Combined-cycle efficient clean power generation device and method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111594813A
CN111594813A CN202010549751.4A CN202010549751A CN111594813A CN 111594813 A CN111594813 A CN 111594813A CN 202010549751 A CN202010549751 A CN 202010549751A CN 111594813 A CN111594813 A CN 111594813A
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flue gas
temperature
gas
turbine
outlet
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李硕
周贤
王长军
许世森
杨智
何宗伟
刘峻
潘晓伟
王瑞元
倪洋
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Co Ltd
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B3/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium
    • F28B3/04—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium by injecting cooling liquid into the steam or vapour
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The combined-cycle efficient clean power generation device and method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas provided by the invention have the advantages that the flue gas temperature of the combined-cycle waste heat boiler is reduced, the flue gas waste heat of the combined-cycle waste heat boiler is greatly recovered, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the obvious economic benefit is realized; meanwhile, the humidity of air entering a combustion chamber of the gas turbine is improved, the oxygen concentration is reduced, the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber is finally reduced, and a combustion high-temperature area is reduced, so that the aims of reducing the original emission concentration of NOx and prolonging the service life of high-temperature parts of the gas turbine are fulfilled; as the temperature of the flue gas is greatly reduced, the visual pollution phenomenon of white smoke plume is relieved, and the water consumption of a power plant can be reduced by the recovered flue gas condensed water.

Description

一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置及方法A combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device and method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas

技术领域technical field

本发明属于火力发电节能减排领域，具体涉及一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置及方法。The invention belongs to the field of energy saving and emission reduction of thermal power generation, and in particular relates to a combined cycle high-efficiency and clean power generation device and method utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas.

背景技术Background technique

天然气燃烧后的烟气中含有大量的水蒸气，烟气中水蒸气的汽化潜热占天然气高位发热量的比例达到10％～11％，目前的天然气烟气潜热基本上都没有利用而直接排放到环境中。另外，天然气烟气中的水蒸气直接排入大气，既造成水量损失，又形成白色烟羽现象，造成景观污染。深度回收利用包括水蒸气凝结潜热在内的烟气余热，对节省能源和减少污染物排放都有重要意义。烟气余热深度利用技术是在尾部烟道增设的冷凝式换热器，高湿度烟气在换热器内与中介水高效换热，烟气迅速降温冷凝，脱除大部分水蒸气后，送入烟囱。与烟气换热的中介水升温后，可以为联合循环提供额外的热源。The flue gas after combustion of natural gas contains a large amount of water vapor, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water vapor in the flue gas accounts for 10% to 11% of the high calorific value of the natural gas. Environment. In addition, the water vapor in the natural gas flue gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which not only causes water loss, but also forms a white smoke plume phenomenon, causing landscape pollution. The deep recycling of flue gas waste heat, including the latent heat of condensation of water vapor, is of great significance for saving energy and reducing pollutant emissions. The deep utilization technology of flue gas waste heat is to add a condensing heat exchanger in the tail flue. The high-humidity flue gas exchanges heat with the intermediate water efficiently in the heat exchanger, and the flue gas is rapidly cooled and condensed. into the chimney. After the intermediate water that exchanges heat with the flue gas is warmed up, it can provide an additional heat source for the combined cycle.

此外，天然气在燃烧过程中生成NOx的浓度主要受温度影响，热力型NOx排放量随温度升高呈指数上升。向燃气轮机助燃空气中注入水蒸气或水后，湿空气进入燃气轮机后，能降低燃烧过程中热力型NOx的生成。有研究显示，与干空气燃烧相比，空气含湿量增加至15g/kg时，扩散燃烧和预混燃烧NOx排放分别降低了38.8％和12.2％。此外，燃气轮机助燃空气湿度提高后，可以提高燃气轮机比功，从而提高燃气轮机发电功率。In addition, the concentration of NOx generated during the combustion of natural gas is mainly affected by temperature, and the thermal NOx emission increases exponentially with the increase of temperature. After injecting water vapor or water into the combustion air of the gas turbine, the moist air can reduce the generation of thermal NOx in the combustion process after entering the gas turbine. Studies have shown that, compared with dry air combustion, when the air moisture content increases to 15 g/kg, the NOx emissions of diffusion combustion and premixed combustion are reduced by 38.8% and 12.2%, respectively. In addition, after the humidity of the combustion-supporting air of the gas turbine is increased, the specific power of the gas turbine can be improved, thereby increasing the power generation of the gas turbine.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置及方法，解决了现有技术中存在的资源浪费的缺陷。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device and method utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, which solves the defect of resource waste in the prior art.

为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

本发明提供的一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置，包括燃气轮机压气机、燃气轮机燃烧室、燃气轮机透平、余热锅炉、汽轮机、烟气冷凝换热器和空气加湿器，其中，所述燃气轮机燃烧室上设置有高压空气入口，该高压空气入口连接燃气轮机压气机的高压空气出口；所述燃气轮机燃烧室上设置有高温高压燃气出口，该高温高压燃气出口连接燃气轮机透平，所述燃气轮机透平连接有发电机；所述燃气轮机透平的烟气出口连接余热锅炉的烟气入口；余热锅炉上设置的水蒸气出口连接汽轮机，所述汽轮机连接有发电机；所述余热锅炉的烟气出口连接烟气冷凝换热器的烟气入口；所述烟气冷凝换热器的底部设置有中介水出口，所述中介水出口连接空气加湿器；所述空气加湿器的顶部设置有湿空气出口，所述湿空气出口连接燃气轮机压气机的进风口；所述空气加湿器的底部设置有干空气入口。The invention provides a combined cycle high-efficiency and clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, comprising a gas turbine compressor, a gas turbine combustion chamber, a gas turbine turbine, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a flue gas condensing heat exchanger and an air humidifier, wherein, The gas turbine combustion chamber is provided with a high-pressure air inlet, and the high-pressure air inlet is connected to the high-pressure air outlet of the gas turbine compressor; the gas turbine combustion chamber is provided with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas outlet, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas outlet is connected to the gas turbine turbine. The gas turbine turbine is connected with a generator; the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine turbine is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler; the steam outlet set on the waste heat boiler is connected to a steam turbine, and the steam turbine is connected with a generator; The gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger; the bottom of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger is provided with an intermediate water outlet, and the intermediate water outlet is connected to the air humidifier; the top of the air humidifier is provided with a humidifier The air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the gas turbine compressor; the bottom of the air humidifier is provided with a dry air inlet.

优选地，所述汽轮机上设置有乏汽出口，所述乏汽出口连接凝汽器的入口；所述凝汽器的冷凝水出口连接余热锅炉的冷凝水入口。Preferably, the steam turbine is provided with a spent steam outlet, and the spent steam outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser; the condensed water outlet of the condenser is connected to the condensed water inlet of the waste heat boiler.

优选地，烟气冷凝换热器和空气加湿器均为直接接触式结构。Preferably, both the flue gas condensing heat exchanger and the air humidifier are direct contact structures.

优选地，所述烟气冷凝换热器的内腔中自上至下依次布置有第一除雾器、第一布液层和第一喷淋层；所述烟气冷凝换热器的烟气入口设置在第一喷淋层的下方。Preferably, a first mist eliminator, a first liquid distribution layer and a first spray layer are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger from top to bottom; The air inlet is arranged below the first spray layer.

优选地，所述烟气冷凝换热器的底部设置有凝结水储槽，所述凝结水储槽上开设有凝结水出口；所述凝结水储槽设置在烟气入口的下方。Preferably, a condensed water storage tank is provided at the bottom of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger, and a condensed water outlet is opened on the condensed water storage tank; the condensed water storage tank is arranged below the flue gas inlet.

优选地，所述烟气冷凝换热器的顶部设置有低温烟气出口，所述低温烟气出口连接有烟囱。Preferably, the top of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger is provided with a low temperature flue gas outlet, and the low temperature flue gas outlet is connected with a chimney.

优选地，所述空气加湿器的内腔中自上至下依次布置有第二除雾器、第二布液层和第二喷淋层；所述空气加湿器的中介水出口置于第二喷淋层的下方。Preferably, a second mist eliminator, a second liquid distribution layer and a second spray layer are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the air humidifier from top to bottom; the intermediate water outlet of the air humidifier is placed in the second below the spray layer.

一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电方法，基于所述的一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置，包括以下步骤：A combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation method utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, based on the combined cycle high-efficiency and clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, comprising the following steps:

天然气在燃气轮机燃烧室内与经过燃气轮机压气机压缩而来的高压空气发生燃烧反应，形成高温高压的燃气，送入燃气轮机透平，推动燃气轮机透平转动，实现热能向机械能的转化，燃气轮机透平带动发电机，实现机械能向电能的转化；In the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, the natural gas undergoes combustion reaction with the high-pressure air compressed by the gas turbine compressor to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is sent to the gas turbine turbine to drive the rotation of the gas turbine turbine to realize the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy, and the gas turbine turbine drives power generation. machine to realize the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy;

燃气轮机透平排出的较高温度的烟气送入余热锅炉，由余热锅炉回收烟气余热，并生成高温高压的水蒸气；该股水蒸气送入汽轮机，并带动发电机，输出电能；The higher temperature flue gas discharged from the gas turbine turbine is sent to the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler recovers the waste heat of the flue gas and generates high temperature and high pressure water vapor; the water vapor is sent to the steam turbine, and drives the generator to output electric energy;

余热锅炉出口烟气送入烟气冷凝换热器，并在烟气冷凝换热器内与中介水换热并降温至水露点以下；中介水升温后送入空气加湿器，与干冷空气进行逆流传热传质过程，降温后的中介水；干冷空气形成湿空气送入燃气轮机压气机。The waste heat boiler outlet flue gas is sent to the flue gas condensing heat exchanger, and in the flue gas condensing heat exchanger, it exchanges heat with the intermediate water and cools down to below the water dew point; after the intermediate water is heated, it is sent to the air humidifier, where it flows countercurrently with the dry and cold air In the process of heat and mass transfer, the intermediate water after cooling; the dry and cold air forms wet air and is sent to the gas turbine compressor.

与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明提供的一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置及方法，降低了联合循环余热锅炉排烟温度，大幅度回收了联合循环余热锅炉烟气余热，提高了能源利用效率，具有显著的经济效益；同时提高了进入燃气轮机燃烧室空气湿度，降低了氧气浓度，最终降低了燃烧室内燃烧温度，减小了燃烧高温区域，从而达到了降低NOx原始排放浓度和延长燃气轮机高温部件寿命的目的，加湿后的干空气进入燃气轮机后，提高了燃气轮机的比功，增加了燃气轮机的发电量；由于大幅度降低烟气温度，缓解了白色烟羽的视觉污染现象，回收的烟气凝结水可减小电厂水耗。The invention provides a combined cycle high-efficiency and clean power generation device and method utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, which reduces the exhaust gas temperature of the combined cycle waste heat boiler, largely recovers the waste heat of the combined cycle waste heat boiler flue gas, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and has the advantages of Significant economic benefits; at the same time, the humidity of the air entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is increased, the oxygen concentration is reduced, the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber is finally reduced, and the high temperature area of combustion is reduced, thereby reducing the original emission concentration of NOx and prolonging the life of the high temperature components of the gas turbine. Purpose: After the humidified dry air enters the gas turbine, the specific power of the gas turbine is improved, and the power generation of the gas turbine is increased; due to the greatly reduced flue gas temperature, the visual pollution of the white plume is alleviated, and the recovered flue gas condensate can be recovered. Reduce power plant water consumption.

进一步的，烟气冷凝换热器与空气加湿器的直接接触式结构，使得中介水稀释了烟气中的杂质，对换热器材质防腐要求较低，烟气阻力也可控制在可接受范围以内。Further, the direct contact structure of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger and the air humidifier makes the intermediary water dilute the impurities in the flue gas, and the anti-corrosion requirements for the heat exchanger material are lower, and the flue gas resistance can also be controlled within an acceptable range. within.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明涉及的发电装置结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generating device according to the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明的主要目的在于提供一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置及方法，该系统在联合循环余热锅炉尾部设置直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器，采用中介水将烟气温度降低至露点温度以下，回收低温余热。升温后的中介水送入燃气轮机压气机入口处设置的直接接触式空气加湿器，与干冷空气进行逆流传热传质过程，提高空气湿度与温度。该系统所涉及的技术成熟可靠，能够有效提高能源利用效率，回收烟气冷凝水，降低NOx原始排放浓度，缓解白色烟羽视觉污染现象，具有显著的经济效益与环保效益。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device and method utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas. The system is provided with a direct-contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger at the tail of the combined cycle waste heat boiler, and intermediate water is used to reduce the flue gas temperature It is lowered to below the dew point temperature, and the low temperature waste heat is recovered. The heated intermediate water is sent to the direct-contact air humidifier set at the inlet of the gas turbine compressor, and conducts a counter-flow heat and mass transfer process with the dry and cold air to increase the air humidity and temperature. The technology involved in this system is mature and reliable, which can effectively improve energy utilization efficiency, recover flue gas condensate water, reduce the original emission concentration of NOx, alleviate the visual pollution of white smoke plumes, and have significant economic and environmental benefits.

具体地，本发明提供了一种利用烟气低温潜热的联合循环高效清洁发电装置，包括燃气轮机压气机1、燃气轮机燃烧室2、燃气轮机透平3、余热锅炉4、汽轮机5、凝汽器6、直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7、烟囱8、直接接触式空气加湿器9、第一喷淋层10、第一布液层11、第一除雾器12、第二喷淋层13、第二布液层14、第二除雾器15、第二水泵16和第一水泵17，其中，所述燃气轮机燃烧室2上设置有高压空气入口，该高压空气入口连接燃气轮机压气机1的高压空气出口；所述燃气轮机燃烧室2上设置有高温高压燃气出口，该高温高压燃气出口连接燃气轮机透平3，推动燃气轮机透平3转动。Specifically, the present invention provides a combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, comprising a gas turbine compressor 1, a gas turbine combustion chamber 2, a gas turbine turbine 3, a waste heat boiler 4, a steam turbine 5, a condenser 6, Direct contact flue gas condensation heat exchanger 7, chimney 8, direct contact air humidifier 9, first spray layer 10, first liquid distribution layer 11, first demister 12, second spray layer 13, The second liquid distribution layer 14 , the second mist eliminator 15 , the second water pump 16 and the first water pump 17 , wherein the gas turbine combustion chamber 2 is provided with a high pressure air inlet, and the high pressure air inlet is connected to the high pressure of the gas turbine compressor 1 . Air outlet; the gas turbine combustion chamber 2 is provided with a high temperature and high pressure gas outlet, and the high temperature and high pressure gas outlet is connected to the gas turbine turbine 3 to drive the gas turbine turbine 3 to rotate.

所述燃气轮机透平3连接有发电机。The gas turbine turbine 3 is connected with a generator.

所述燃气轮机透平3的烟气出口连接余热锅炉4的烟气入口；余热锅炉4上设置的水蒸气出口连接汽轮机5，所述汽轮机5连接有发电机。The flue gas outlet of the gas turbine turbine 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 4; the steam outlet provided on the waste heat boiler 4 is connected to the steam turbine 5, and the steam turbine 5 is connected to a generator.

所述汽轮机5上设置有乏汽出口，所述乏汽出口连接凝汽器6的入口；所述凝汽器6的冷凝水出口连接余热锅炉4的冷凝水入口。The steam turbine 5 is provided with a depleted steam outlet, and the depleted steam outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser 6 ; the condensed water outlet of the condenser 6 is connected to the condensed water inlet of the waste heat boiler 4 .

所述余热锅炉4的烟气出口连接直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的烟气入口。The flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 .

所述直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的内腔中自上至下依次布置有第一除雾器12、第一布液层11和第一喷淋层10；所述直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的烟气入口设置在第一喷淋层10的下方。A first mist eliminator 12, a first liquid distribution layer 11 and a first spray layer 10 are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the direct contact type flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 from top to bottom; The flue gas inlet of the gas condensing heat exchanger 7 is arranged below the first spray layer 10 .

所述直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的底部设置有凝结水储槽，所述凝结水储槽上开设有凝结水出口。The bottom of the direct contact type flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 is provided with a condensed water storage tank, and a condensed water outlet is opened on the condensed water storage tank.

所述凝结水储槽设置在烟气入口的下方。The condensed water storage tank is arranged below the flue gas inlet.

所述直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的顶部设置有低温烟气出口，所述低温烟气出口连接有烟囱8。The top of the direct-contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 is provided with a low-temperature flue gas outlet, and the low-temperature flue gas outlet is connected with a chimney 8 .

所述直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的底部设置有中介水出口，所述中介水出口通过第一水泵17连接直接接触式空气加湿器9。The bottom of the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 is provided with an intermediate water outlet, and the intermediate water outlet is connected to the direct contact air humidifier 9 through the first water pump 17 .

所述直接接触式空气加湿器9的内腔中自上至下依次布置有第二除雾器15、第二布液层14和第二喷淋层13。A second mist eliminator 15 , a second liquid distribution layer 14 and a second spray layer 13 are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the direct contact air humidifier 9 from top to bottom.

所述直接接触式空气加湿器9的底部设置有中介水出口，所述中介水出口通过第二水泵16连接直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7顶部设置的中介水入口。The bottom of the direct contact air humidifier 9 is provided with an intermediate water outlet, and the intermediate water outlet is connected to the intermediate water inlet provided at the top of the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 through the second water pump 16 .

所述直接接触式空气加湿器9的底部设置有干空气入口。The bottom of the direct contact air humidifier 9 is provided with a dry air inlet.

所述直接接触式空气加湿器9的顶部设置有湿空气出口，所述湿空气出口连接燃气轮机压气机1的进风口。The top of the direct contact air humidifier 9 is provided with a humid air outlet, and the humid air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the gas turbine compressor 1 .

工作过程：work process:

天然气在燃气轮机燃烧室2内与经过燃气轮机压气机1压缩而来的高压空气发生燃烧反应，形成高温高压的燃气，送入燃气轮机透平3，推动燃气轮机透平3转动，实现热能向机械能的转化，燃气轮机透平3带动发电机，实现机械能向电能的转化。The natural gas reacts with the high-pressure air compressed by the gas turbine compressor 1 in the gas turbine combustion chamber 2 to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is sent to the gas turbine turbine 3 to drive the gas turbine turbine 3 to rotate to realize the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy. The gas turbine turbine 3 drives the generator to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

燃气轮机透平3排出的较高温度的烟气送入余热锅炉4，由余热锅炉4回收烟气余热，并生成高温高压的水蒸气；该股水蒸气送入汽轮机5，并带动发电机，输出电能。The higher-temperature flue gas discharged from the gas turbine turbine 3 is sent to the waste heat boiler 4, and the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler 4, and high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is generated; the water vapor is sent to the steam turbine 5, and drives the generator to output electrical energy.

汽轮机5排出的乏汽送入凝汽器6，在凝汽器6形成冷凝水，随后送入余热锅炉4继续回收烟气余热。The spent steam discharged from the steam turbine 5 is sent to the condenser 6, where condensed water is formed in the condenser 6, and then sent to the waste heat boiler 4 to continue to recover the waste heat of the flue gas.

余热锅炉4出口烟气送入直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7，并在直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7内依次通过第一喷淋层10、第一布液层11和第一除雾器12，与中介水换热并降温至水露点以下，同时排出凝结水。The flue gas from the outlet of the waste heat boiler 4 is sent to the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7, and passes through the first spray layer 10, the first liquid distribution layer 11 and the first spray layer 10 in the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 in sequence. The mist eliminator 12 exchanges heat with the intermediate water and lowers the temperature to below the dew point of the water, and at the same time discharges the condensed water.

直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7出口的低温烟气直接送入烟囱8，排入大气；中介水升温后由第一水泵17送入直接接触式空气加湿器9，与干冷空气进行逆流传热传质过程，提高了空气湿度与温度。The low-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the direct-contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 is directly sent into the chimney 8 and discharged into the atmosphere; after the temperature of the intermediate water is heated, it is sent to the direct-contact air humidifier 9 by the first water pump 17, and countercurrently flows with the dry and cold air The heat and mass transfer process increases the air humidity and temperature.

干冷空气依次通过第二喷淋层13、第二布液层14和第二除雾器15后，形成湿空气，送入燃气轮机压气机1。After passing through the second spray layer 13 , the second liquid distribution layer 14 and the second demister 15 in sequence, the dry and cold air forms moist air, which is sent to the gas turbine compressor 1 .

中介水降温后由第二水泵16泵送至直接接触式烟气冷凝换热器7的冷却水入口。After the intermediate water is cooled, it is pumped by the second water pump 16 to the cooling water inlet of the direct contact flue gas condensing heat exchanger 7 .

Claims (8)

1. A combined cycle efficient clean power generation device utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas is characterized by comprising a gas turbine compressor (1), a gas turbine combustion chamber (2), a gas turbine (3), a waste heat boiler (4), a steam turbine (5), a flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7) and an air humidifier (9), wherein the gas turbine combustion chamber (2) is provided with a high-pressure air inlet which is connected with a high-pressure air outlet of the gas turbine compressor (1); a high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet is formed in the gas turbine combustion chamber (2), the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet is connected with a gas turbine (3), and the gas turbine (3) is connected with a generator; a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine (3) is connected with a flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler (4); a steam outlet arranged on the waste heat boiler (4) is connected with a steam turbine (5), and the steam turbine (5) is connected with a generator; a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (4) is connected with a flue gas inlet of a flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7); an intermediate water outlet is formed in the bottom of the flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7) and is connected with an air humidifier (9); the top of the air humidifier (9) is provided with a wet air outlet which is connected with an air inlet of a gas turbine compressor (1); the bottom of the air humidifier (9) is provided with a dry air inlet.
2. The combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of the flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a dead steam outlet is arranged on the steam turbine (5), and the dead steam outlet is connected with an inlet of a condenser (6); and a condensed water outlet of the condenser (6) is connected with a condensed water inlet of the waste heat boiler (4).
3. The combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas condensing heat exchanger (7) and the air humidifier (9) are in direct contact type structures.
4. The combined-cycle high-efficiency cleaning power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first demister (12), a first liquid distribution layer (11) and a first spraying layer (10) are arranged in the inner cavity of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger (7) from top to bottom in sequence; and a flue gas inlet of the flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7) is arranged below the first spraying layer (10).
5. The combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a condensed water storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7), and a condensed water outlet is formed in the condensed water storage tank; the condensed water storage tank is arranged below the flue gas inlet.
6. The combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the top of the flue gas condensing heat exchanger (7) is provided with a low-temperature flue gas outlet, and the low-temperature flue gas outlet is connected with a chimney (8).
7. The combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device using the low-temperature latent heat of flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second demister (15), a second liquid distribution layer (14) and a second spraying layer (13) are arranged in the inner cavity of the air humidifier (9) from top to bottom in sequence; and an intermediate water outlet of the air humidifier (9) is arranged below the second spraying layer (13).
8. A combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas, which is characterized in that the combined-cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas based on any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps:
the natural gas is subjected to combustion reaction with high-pressure air compressed by a gas compressor (1) of the gas turbine in a combustion chamber (2) of the gas turbine to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sent to a turbine (3) of the gas turbine to push the turbine (3) of the gas turbine to rotate, so that the conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy is realized, and the turbine (3) of the gas turbine drives a generator to realize the conversion of the mechanical energy to electric energy;
the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the gas turbine (3) is sent to a waste heat boiler (4), the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler (4), and high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is generated; the steam is sent into a steam turbine (5) and drives a generator to output electric energy;
the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler (4) is sent into a flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7), and exchanges heat with intermediate water in the flue gas condensation heat exchanger (7) and is cooled to be below the dew point of the water; the intermediate water is heated and then sent into an air humidifier (9) to perform a countercurrent heat and mass transfer process with dry and cold air, and the intermediate water is cooled;
the dry and cold air forms wet air and is sent into a compressor (1) of the gas turbine.
CN202010549751.4A 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Combined-cycle efficient clean power generation device and method utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas Pending CN111594813A (en)

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CN114087641A (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-25 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Open type absorption heat pump system for recovering moisture and heat from flue gas of IGCC power station
CN114320602A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-04-12 上海交通大学 Waste heat recovery system based on humidifying gas turbine generator set
CN116498987A (en) * 2023-06-28 2023-07-28 国电建三江前进生物质发电有限公司 Waste heat recovery device and method for biomass power generation

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CN111237058A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 An IGCC power generation system and method for humidifying fuel gas with low-temperature waste heat of flue gas
CN212226984U (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-12-25 华能北京热电有限责任公司 A combined cycle high-efficiency clean power generation device utilizing low-temperature latent heat of flue gas

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CN111207605A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-05-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Device and method for realizing deep recovery of boiler flue gas waste heat and air humidification
CN111237058A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-05 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 An IGCC power generation system and method for humidifying fuel gas with low-temperature waste heat of flue gas
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CN114087641A (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-25 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Open type absorption heat pump system for recovering moisture and heat from flue gas of IGCC power station
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CN114320602A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-04-12 上海交通大学 Waste heat recovery system based on humidifying gas turbine generator set
CN116498987A (en) * 2023-06-28 2023-07-28 国电建三江前进生物质发电有限公司 Waste heat recovery device and method for biomass power generation
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