CN111585229A - Flexible waterproof sealing structure for wall penetration of underground direct-buried cable or optical cable and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible sealing structure and a construction method for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through the wall. Set on the water-facing side of the wall-passing protection pipe, it includes a long pipe hoop, a flexible seal inside the long pipe hoop, and an end locking gland installed at the end of the long pipe hoop. A flexible seal is arranged between the retaining ring and the end locking gland, and the flexible seal forms a static seal with the sealing surface of the wall-passing protection tube, cable or optical cable. The invention adopts a flexible sealing assembly with a pre-compression and pre-tightening adjustment mechanism between the cable or optical cable and the wall-penetrating protection tube, so as to realize the functions of radial bidirectional positioning and axial bidirectional positioning, so that the sealing ring group in the sealing cavity is in three positions. The extrusion stress forms a static seal zero space between the wall-passing protection tube and the cable or optical cable, thereby achieving a waterproof sealing effect.

Description

Flexible waterproof sealing structure and construction method for underground direct buried cable or optical cable through wall

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering in industrial buildings, civil buildings and municipal buildings, and relates to a waterproof sealing technology when underground directly buried cables and optical cables pass through the outer protective structure wall, in particular to an underground directly buried cable or optical cable through the wall Flexible waterproof sealing structure and construction method.

Background technique

At present, in the electrical engineering of industrial buildings, civil buildings, and municipal engineering, when cables and optical cables are buried underground and pass through the walls of buildings, structures and other peripheral protective structures, the waterproof sealing structure shown in Figure 1A to Figure 1D is usually used to achieve Waterproof and sealing effect (see National Standard Design and Construction Drawings "110kv and Below Cable Laying" 12D101-05, p102, p103, the laying scheme of the direct buried cable into the building through the wall 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, scheme 4, scheme Five; and "Underground Communication Cable Laying" 05X101-2, p9, p10, the method of introducing underground cables and optical cables into the building is introduced into the basement method 1, method 2, method 3, the above-mentioned various waterproof sealing methods, summarized as 1A-1D shown in three basic implementations), for those containing groundwater (including the infiltration of rainwater on the surface of the ground), with the settlement deformation, expansion and contraction of buildings and structures, and expansion and contraction caused by the current and heat of cables and optical cables Deformation, external vibration, distortion and other on-site environments, the above waterproof sealing structure has the following limitations:

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1A , after the through-wall protection pipe 2 passes through the reserved through-wall hole 011 embedded in the wall 01, it is placed in a predetermined position and the slope is set as required, and then the wall and the protection pipe are placed in a predetermined position. Fill the gap between the two with waterproof mortar. The gap between the cable or optical cable 1 and the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 also needs to be sealed. Blocking oil hemp cast asphalt or other waterproof material "for sealing, that is, filling the oil hemp with lower density between the wall protection pipe 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and pouring and brushing asphalt or other waterproof material at the port.

This sealing method has the following shortcomings:

1) Due to the small space of the reserved through-wall hole 011 of the wall body 01, the chiseling treatment cannot be performed around the hole, so that there is a leakage gap (cold front) between the waterproof mortar layer 04 after the sealing and the inner wall of the reserved through-wall hole 011. ), the leakage gap is defined as the first leakage channel LC1;

2) Since the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is made of metal, the expansion coefficients of the wall body 01 and the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 are different, and an expansion leakage gap is generated between the two, and the expansion leakage gap is defined as the second leakage channel LC2;

3) The strength level of the waterproof mortar is lower than that of the original reinforced concrete structure wall, and no corresponding strength reinforcement measures have been taken, resulting in a short board effect in the overall structure of the wall; the Z2 end of the water-facing surface of the wall protection pipe 2 adopts a transitional lengthening structure Type, the through-wall protection pipe 2 has been extended to the outside of the building outside the water surface width of 500mm. The waterproof layer structure causes additional destructive torque to be generated at the intersection of the wall 01 and the through-wall protection pipe 2, which causes the premature failure of the sealing effect of the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel, and even damages the building structure wall at the intersection; 4) The sealing gap between the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1 is the third leakage channel LC3, and the oil hemp type sealing structure 03 is used between the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1 at the upstream surface Z2. Seal the third leakage channel, that is, fill the linoleum with lower density between the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and pour and paint asphalt or other waterproof materials on the port. Among them, the oil hemp is placed in the axial open space inside the protection tube, and the oil hemp only relies on the rigid asphalt with too low strength grade to play the role of one-way restraint and positioning, and cannot form the extrusion three-way stress state of the sealing material and thus play the role of sealing. When the protective pipe or cable on the wall is normally displaced and deformed, and the rigid asphalt sealing material interacts at the intersection of the sealing materials, the resulting destructive structural gap makes the sealing assembly useless.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1B , in order to seal the process cold seam (the first leakage channel LC1 ) between the reserved through-wall hole 011 set in the wall body 01 and the waterproof mortar layer 04 , the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the wall are adopted. The construction method that the body 01 is poured at one time, and the wing ring plate 021 is welded on the outer wall of the wall protection pipe 2 and embedded in the wall body 01 to form a water stop plate; There is also a third leakage channel LC3 between the wall protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and the waterproof sealing structure of the third leakage channel LC3 adopts the same oil hemp type sealing structure 03 as the embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1A; The sealing and waterproof method of the first leakage channel LC1 and the second leakage channel LC2 between the wall protection pipe 2 and the wall body 01 adopts the water stop plate form, that is, the wing ring plate 021 welded on the pipe body of the wall protection pipe 2 is pre-heated. Buried in the wall 01 to form a water stop plate. The improved structure still has the following deficiencies:

1) Generally, the metal through-wall protection pipe 2 and concrete belong to two different materials, and the physical expansion coefficients between them are different, which will inevitably cause expansion and leakage gaps in contact with each other; although the waterproof sealing effect of the water stop plate is higher than that of the implementation Method 1, but it is difficult to ensure the waterproof sealing function under the condition of high groundwater level and high osmotic pressure only by a single wing ring plate 021;

2) The lengthened wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is pre-buried in the wall body 01 to form a cantilevered force-bearing structure, so that the wall body 01 has to withstand a large torsion while being stressed in both directions. Positioning, support, wall structure reinforcement, formwork support, concrete pouring and post-maintenance will all cause great difficulty and increase construction costs.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D , the waterproof sealing structure of the first leakage channel LC1 and the second leakage channel LC2 between the wall bushing 2 and the wall 01 is the same as the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1B ; For the second leakage channel LC2 existing between the cable or optical cable 1 and the wall bushing 2, the flange type sealing structure 02 is used to achieve waterproof sealing, that is, the inner flange 021 is welded on the outside of the nozzle of the wall bushing 2 , and then wrap the oil-impregnated hemp rope 023 on the cable or optical cable 1 and push it in the direction of the inner flange 021, and then fasten the outer flange 022 on the cable or optical cable 1 with bolts, washers and nuts. On the inner flange, the oil-impregnated jute rope is squeezed between the two flanges to seal the nozzle of the wall bushing 2. Although the improved sealing structure can form a pressing force in the axial direction to ensure the sealing between the two flanges, the sealing material is not in the closed cavity, so radial pressing stress cannot be formed, and the outer flange There is a distance between 022 and the nozzle of the wall bushing 2, and the position of the second leakage channel LC2 moves back a distance of a flange. Even if the oil-impregnated hemp rope 023 expands when it encounters water, it still cannot form a sealed space (there is an open space in the longitudinal direction). ), the waterproof sealing effect of the structure is easy to fail. In addition, in this structure, the oil-impregnated hemp rope 023 is wound on the outside of the cable or optical cable 1, the winding form is not fixed, and the number of windings is not easy to quantify, which is not conducive to standardization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a flexible waterproof sealing structure for underground direct buried cables or optical cable through-wall protection pipes.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls, used for sealing the underground directly buried cables or optical cables passing through a wall (01), including a wall protection tube (2) for sheathing the cables or optical cables and a flexible sealing assembly (3) arranged at least on the water-facing surface side of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2), the flexible sealing assembly (3) comprising:

a long pipe hoop (31), the end of which is threadedly connected with the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2), and a thread adjusting retaining ring (32) is arranged inside the end;

an end locking gland (35), which is threadedly connected to the other end of the long pipe clamp (31); and

A flexible seal, which is located inside the long pipe hoop (31) between the threaded adjusting ring (32) and the end locking gland (35), the flexible seal wraps (for example, the seal set is wrapped around the cable or On the optical cable, asbestos rope or oil-impregnated jute rope is wound on the cable or optical cable) on the cable or optical cable (1) and between the inner wall of the through-wall protection tube (2) and the outer wall of the cable or optical cable (1).

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls, the flexible sealing member is composed of two Huff section sealing retaining rings (33) and a sealing ring located between the two Hough section sealing retaining rings (33). Any one of the group (34), the asbestos rope, and the oil-impregnated jute rope, each Huff section sealing ring (33) is a ring structure formed by the butt joint of two half rings; preferably, it is sleeved on the cable Or the Hough lines L of the two Hough segment sealing retaining rings (33) on the optical cable (1) are perpendicular to each other.

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for directly buried cables or optical cables through walls, the sealing ring group (34) is sleeved on the cable or optical cable (1), and includes at least two sealing rings that are in contact by extrusion, and the cross-section of the sealing rings is Wedge or O.

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for directly buried cables or optical cables through the wall, the size of the inner hole of the threaded adjustment retaining ring (32) is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1) through which the wall-penetrating protection tube (2) passes, The inner diameter of the Huff joint sealing retaining ring (33) is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop (31) and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting retaining ring (32).

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for directly buried cables or optical cables through walls, the end locking gland (35) includes a threaded portion (351) and an end cover portion (352), and the threaded portion (351) extends into the long pipe hoop (31) is internally connected with the long pipe hoop (31) by screw thread, and the end cover part (352) protrudes from the end of the long pipe hoop (31).

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for directly buried cables or optical cables through walls, the shape of the inner hole of the threaded adjusting retaining ring (32) is a hexagonal hole, and the opposite side distance of the hexagonal hole is S=D+10mm, wherein D is the The outer diameter of the largest cable or optical cable (1) that can be passed through the wall protection tube (2).

In the above-mentioned flexible sealing structure for wall penetration of underground direct buried cables or optical cables, at least three wing ring plates (21) are welded on the body of the wall penetration protection pipe (2), and all wing ring plates (21) are embedded in the wall. Inside the wall (01).

The present invention also provides a sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls, the sealing structure comprising any one of the above-mentioned flexible sealing structures for directly buried cables or optical cables through walls, and a flexible sealing structure provided in the wall body (01) The reinforcing rib (013) is set at an angle around the reserved wall-penetrating hole (011) and the conventional distribution rib (012) in the wall (01), and the reserved wall-penetrating hole (011) is located at an angle. The position of the pre-embedded wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) in the wall body (01); preferably, the included angle between the conventional distribution rib (012) and the reinforcing rib (013) is 45°.

The present invention also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned flexible waterproof sealing structure for underground direct buried cables or optical cable through-wall protection pipes, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, pre-embedding the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) at a predetermined position of the wall body (01), so that all the wing ring plates (21) of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) are embedded in the wall body (01);

Step 2: Screw the long pipe hoop (31) with the built-in threaded adjusting retaining ring (32) to the threaded end (22) of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2), and then lock the sealing ring group (34) and the end. Tighten the cover (35) on the cable or optical cable (1) in advance; install the two selected Huff joint sealing rings (33) on the cable or optical cable (1), so that the sealing ring group (24) is located in the cable or optical cable (1). Between the two Hough joint sealing retaining rings (33), the flexible sealing member formed by the two half sealing retaining rings (33) and the sealing ring group (34) is installed in place;

Step 3: Squeeze and push the flexible seals into the long pipe hoop (31) in sequence until they contact the thread adjusting retaining ring (32), and then screw the threaded end of the end locking gland (35) into the long pipe hoop (35). 31), so that the sealing ring group (34) in the sealing cavity is formed with a sufficient pre-compression and pre-tightening force, that is, the sealing ring group (34) is in a state of three-way stress to form a static seal.

In the above construction method, the step 1 specifically includes:

1) Set reserved through-wall holes (011) at the positions of the pre-embedded wall-penetrating protection pipes (2) in the wall (01), and set the holes (011) in the vertical and horizontal directions of the wall (01). On the basis, reinforcing ribs (013) are arranged around the reserved through-wall holes (011) at an angle with the conventional distribution ribs (012) (the preferred angle is 45°);

2) Binding or welding the wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) and the conventional distribution rib (012) of the wall (01);

3) Carry out formwork support and wall pouring, and pre-embed the through-wall protection pipe (2) in the wall (01).

Adopt the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

1) The present invention adopts a flexible sealing assembly with a preloading and preloading adjustment mechanism between the cable or optical cable and the protective tube through the wall. The flexible sealing assembly realizes the functions of radial bidirectional positioning and axial bidirectional positioning. The wall-passing protective sleeve forms a uniform sealed cavity with the periphery of the cable or optical cable. The flexible seal is in the completely closed cavity. The shaft side positioning is formed by the threaded retaining ring and the Huff section retaining ring between the locking end caps. The axial two-way restraint device, through the pre-loading and pre-tightening of the screw-locking gland, makes the sealing ring group in the sealing cavity under the three-way extrusion stress, forming the static sealing zero space on the third leakage channel LC3, thereby starting At the same time, the sealing component has sufficient mechanical strength, and achieves the predetermined waterproof sealing effect under the reasonable settlement of the building and the stress deformation of the cable; the overall sealing structure is not low in the overall wall strength, avoiding the original sealing The structure causes the short-board effect of the wall strength. The sealing component is usually set on the water-facing surface (outdoor) Z2 side. Even if the sealing on the water-facing surface fails, there is no need to carry out earthwork excavation and maintenance work. Directly install this device to realize "redundant technology". When the wall-penetrating cable and optical cable are sealed in the environment of extreme osmotic pressure in the quicksand layer, the method of simultaneously installing the sealing structure in both directions can be directly adopted;

2) In the present invention, the flexible seal is a combination of two half-section sealing retaining rings and a sealing ring group located between the two half-section sealing retaining rings, the flexible sealing member and the outer wall of the cable under the state of three-way stress The friction between them plays the role of positioning the cable or optical cable at the entry end. After the cable or optical cable is in place, install the split Huff section sealing ring, which can avoid the Huff section sealing ring in the process of crossing. Friction occurs between cables or optical cables, destroying the outer insulation layer of the cables or optical cables, making the installation of flexible seals more convenient;

3) The flexible sealing assembly of the present invention changes the open space of the original sealing gap, and makes up for the low strength of the flexible sealing ring group itself by using the high-strength performance of the two-component Hough joint sealing ring to ensure the overall sealing structure and the building wall. At the same time, the assembly gap of the Huff joint sealing ring is used to block water and limit the flow, that is, the role of the decompression orifice in the water supply and drainage profession, and improve the overall sealing performance;

4) For the first leakage channel LC1 between the through-wall protection pipe and the wall, at least three wing ring plates are arranged on the pipe body, and all the wing ring plates are embedded in the wall body to form a "mechanical seal". Labyrinth structure "plays multiple "water-stop" effects in architectural sealing, and at the same time improves the connection strength between the through-wall protection pipe and the wall, reducing the construction difficulty and construction cost; for long through-wall protection pipes and walls The force is concentrated at the intersection of the two ends, and the present invention adopts a short wall-penetrating protection pipe, and the horizontal length between its two ends and the wall of the building structure only needs to meet the installation and operation space of the flexible sealing component, and the cable or optical cable can operate normally when passing through the wall. space is enough.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of waterproof sealing when existing underground direct buried cables or optical cables pass through walls;

1B is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of waterproof sealing when existing underground direct buried cables or optical cables pass through walls;

1C is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of waterproof sealing when the existing underground direct buried cable or optical cable passes through the wall;

Fig. 1D is an enlarged schematic view of region K in Fig. 1C;

2A is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the flexible waterproof sealing structure of the present invention;

2B is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible sealing assembly;

Figure 2C is a schematic structural diagram of a half seal retaining ring;

Figure 2D is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the half seal ring;

FIG. 2E is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a thread adjustment retaining ring;

2F is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an end locking gland;

2G is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement of the wall structure around the wall-penetrating protection pipe of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the flexible waterproof sealing structure of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figure are indicated as:

01-wall, 011-reserved hole through the wall, 012-conventional distribution rib, 013-reinforcing rib;

02-Flange type sealing structure, 021-Inner flange, 022-Outer flange, 023-Oil-impregnated hemp rope;

03-Oleum type sealing structure; 04-Waterproof mortar layer;

LC1-first leakage channel, LC2-second leakage channel; LC3-third leakage channel H-Huff gap, L-Huff line;

1- cable or optical cable;

2-Wall protection pipe, 21-Wing ring plate, 22-Threaded end;

3-flexible sealing assembly, 31-long pipe hoop, 32-thread adjusting retaining ring, 33-half joint sealing retaining ring, 34-seal ring group, 35-end locking gland, 351-thread part, 352- end cap;

Z1-backwater surface (indoor), Z2-waterward surface (outdoor).

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the flexible waterproof sealing structure and construction method for underground direct buried cables or optical cables through walls of the present invention with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the flexible waterproof sealing structure is used to seal the underground direct buried cable or optical cable 1 passing through the wall 01, and includes a wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 and a flexible sealing assembly 3. The wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 The cable or optical cable 1 is sheathed in the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2, and the flexible sealing component 3 is arranged at least on the water-upward surface Z2 side of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 to block the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2. The third leakage channel LC3 formed between the tube 2 and the cable or fiber optic cable 1, wherein:

The structure of the existing wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C . The wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is pre-buried or penetrated in the reserved wall-penetrating hole 011 of the wall body 01. There is a leakage channel LC1 between the body 01. In order to prevent water leakage from the leakage channel LC1, when the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is pre-buried or penetrated, the waterproof mortar layer 04 is usually filled around the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2, or the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 Welding the wing ring plate 21 on the pipe body of the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the wall body 01 (concrete) belong to different types of building materials, the thermal expansion coefficient difference is large, and the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the wall body 01 produce a leakage gap, Only relying on the waterproof mortar layer 04 acting with the wall and the single wing ring plate 21 wrapped in the wall cannot guarantee the waterproof sealing effect when the groundwater level is high and the seepage pressure is high.

In order to prevent leakage from the leakage gap between the mutual contacts, in this embodiment, at least three wing ring plates 21 are welded on the pipe body of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 , and all the wing ring plates 21 are embedded in the wall body 01 , forming a "labyrinth structure" in mechanical sealing, which is equivalent to the multi-layer "waterstop" effect in architectural sealing, even if there is a gap between the wing ring plate 21 and the wall On the Z1 side of the backwater (indoor) (general building indoors), the seepage water needs to pass through each wing ring plate in turn. After each wing ring plate, the seepage water needs to go through a 90° climbing process, and this process decreases rapidly. The osmotic pressure plays the role of water blocking and water stop. The labyrinth sealing structure formed by multiple wing ring plates consumes the osmotic pressure of the seepage water in turn, so that the seepage water cannot pass through the last line of defense and then penetrate into the interior of the building.

The conventional construction method of the existing pre-embedded wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is that the wall position of the pre-embedded wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is disconnected from the steel bar to form a reserved wall-penetrating hole 011, which will cause the reserved penetration of the wall body 01. The local strength of the wall hole 011 is reduced, and even the seismic parameters of the wall body 01 cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, the present invention adopts the position of the reserved wall hole 011, the size of the casing size and the damage degree to the wall body 01 and other factors. Structural reinforcement measures to ensure that the reserved through-wall holes 011 will not reduce the strength performance of the original wall, see Figure 2E, the specific reinforcement structure is the foundation of the vertical and horizontal conventional distribution bars 012 of the wall 01 On the other hand, try to reduce the number of broken ribs, and arrange reinforcing ribs 013 around the reserved wall-penetrating holes 011 at an angle with the conventional distribution ribs 012. This structure compensates for the local strength of the wall 01.

When the above-mentioned through-wall protection pipe 2 is fabricated, all the wing ring plates 21 are fully welded to the pipe body of the through-wall protection pipe 2 . The wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 cooperates with the structural reinforcement work when the wall body 01 is pre-embedded. The specific process of pre-embedding the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is as follows: First, the conventional distribution of the wing ring plate 21 of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 and the wall body 01 is carried out. The ribs 012 are welded and reinforced, and then the reinforcing ribs 013 are laid out, and the support of the pouring formwork is carried out; secondly, the wall 01 is poured; after the pouring is completed, the formwork is removed after the curing period expires. The protection pipe 2 through the wall should generally extend 1m outside the wall 01 on the Z2 side of the upstream surface (outdoor), and should have an appropriate waterproof slope (5 degrees to 10 degrees to the upstream surface side).

Referring to FIG. 2A , in this embodiment, the flexible sealing assembly 3 is arranged at the end of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 , and the flexible sealing assembly 3 is installed at least at the entrance end of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 on the water-facing surface Z2 side. The flexible sealing assembly 3 is installed on both the ends of the wall-passing protection pipe 2 on the backwater surface Z1 side and the waterfront surface Z2 side. Specifically, the end of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is provided with a threaded end 22 , and the flexible sealing assembly 3 is threadedly connected with the threaded end 22 of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 .

Referring to FIG. 2B , in this embodiment, the flexible sealing assembly 3 includes a long pipe hoop 31 , a flexible seal located inside the long pipe hoop 31 , and an end locking gland 35 installed at the end of the long pipe hoop 31 , wherein the long pipe hoop 31 is The pipe hoop 31 is a hollow pipe body with a threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 inside. The inner diameter of the threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, and enough space is reserved for the cable or optical cable 1 passing through the inside of the long pipe hoop 31. Passing through the space to prevent the outer skin of the cable or optical cable 1 from being worn during the passing process; the two ends of the long pipe hoop 31 are respectively provided with internal threads, one end is matched with the threaded end 22 of the wall-penetrating sleeve 2, and the other end is used to install the end Lock the gland 35; between the thread adjustment retaining ring 32 and the end locking gland 35, there are two flexible seals formed by the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33 and the sealing ring group 34, and the sealing ring group 34 is located in the two Between the half seal retaining rings 33 , the inner diameter of the half seal retaining ring 33 is the same as the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 , and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 . A sealing cavity is formed between the thread adjusting retaining ring 32, the end locking gland 35 and the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33 and the inner wall of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2. The sealing ring group 34 is located in the sealing cavity, and the ends are locked. The pressing cover 35 compresses the sealing ring 33 of the Huff joint, and then squeezes the sealing ring group 34 in the sealing cavity, so that the sealing ring group 34 is in a state of three-way stress, and the assembly gap in the cavity is sealed to form a seal In the zero space, the sealing ring group 34 cooperates with the sealing surface of the wall-passing protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1 (that is, the inner wall of the wall-passing protection tube 2 and the outer wall of the cable or optical cable 1) and the double-sided Huff sealing ring. Under the contact stress state, thus forming a static seal. The thread adjusting retaining ring 32 and the end locking gland 35 have the functions of axially positioning and constraining the Huff joint sealing ring 32 .

The outer thread provided on the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 is matched with the inner thread of the long pipe hoop 31 , and the specification of the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33 is selected according to the size of the gap between the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 and the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 , by adjusting the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 and then adjusting the axial distance of the sealing cavity between the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 and the end locking gland 35, so as to cooperate with the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 of different specifications, so that The sealing ring group 34 located in the sealing cavity creates radial and axial compression stresses.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2E , in this embodiment, the shape of the inner hole of the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 is a hexagonal hole, and a hexagonal wrench can be used to cooperate with the inner hole of the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 to adjust the length of the thread adjusting retaining ring 32 The position in the pipe hoop 31, wherein the opposite side distance S of the hexagonal hole is determined according to the outer diameter dimension D of the maximum specification cable or optical cable 1 that the wall-passing protection pipe 2 can allow to pass through, preferably, S=D+10mm, In order to facilitate the long pipe collar 31 of the same specification, the thread adjustment retaining ring 32 of the same specification can be used; here, the cable or optical cable 1 is an existing cable or optical cable of various specifications that can be easily purchased in the market.

In principle, the inner diameter of the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33 is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 (regardless of the reserved assembly gap), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjustment retaining ring 32, Considering that the inner diameter and outer diameter of the Huff section sealing ring 33 must meet the requirements of dynamic assembly, the reserved assembly gap should be matched according to the specifications of the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, for example, Huff The inner diameter of the section sealing retaining ring 33 is preferably 2mm-4mm larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, and the outer diameter of the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 is preferably 2mm-4mm smaller than the inner diameter of the thread of the long pipe hoop 31, and the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 Standardized and market-oriented production is possible.

As shown in FIG. 2F , the end locking gland 35 includes a threaded portion 351 and an end cap portion 352 . The threaded portion 351 extends into the inside of the long pipe hoop 31 and is threadedly connected with the long pipe hoop 31 , and the end cover portion 352 protrudes long The outer diameter of the end cap portion 352 of the pipe hoop 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 . Preferably, the end cap portion 352 is hexagonal, so that the end locking gland 35 can be locked and positioned on the long pipe hoop 31 by using a wrench to cooperate with the end cap portion 352 .

Preferably, the inside of the long pipe hoop 31 is provided with a long internal thread, one end is connected with the threaded end 22 of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2, and the other end is used for installing the end locking gland 35, and the end locking gland The inner diameter d of 35 is determined by the outer diameter D of the largest cable or optical cable 1 allowed to pass through the wall protection tube 2, that is, d=D+10mm, so that the long pipe hoop 31 of the same specification can use the same specification. The end locking gland 35 (another purpose of the end locking gland 35 is to improve the strength between the wall protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, ensure the same strength as the wall 01, and at the same time play a water blocking role, reduce and improve the sealing effect of the flexible sealing assembly 3).

The sealing ring group 34 located in the sealed cavity can be a wedge-shaped rubber ring or an O-shaped rubber ring (that is, the cross-section of the sealing ring is wedge-shaped or O-shaped), and can also be replaced with asbestos rope or oil-impregnated jute rope. Preferably, the sealing ring group 34 is a plurality of wedge-shaped rubber sealing rings, and the wedge-shaped rubber sealing rings have sufficient elasticity.

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 3 , flexible sealing assemblies 3 are respectively provided at both ends of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 , wherein the flexible sealing assemblies 3 on the backwater surface Z1 side of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 are on the water-facing surface Z2 side. Backup of flexible seal assembly 3.

Referring to FIG. 2C , the sealing ring 33 of the half ring is a ring structure formed by the combination of two semi-circular rings, the inner diameter should be larger than the outer diameter of the cable, preferably 2mm-4mm larger, and the outer diameter should be smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 thread , preferably 2mm-4mm smaller. In order to facilitate the processing and reduce the production cost, the manufacturing process of the half ring seal 33 can adopt the whole ring cutting process, that is, the metal wire cutting process is used to divide the whole ring into two parts. Hough gap H (the two semicircles of the half-circle of the half-circle of the half-circle of the half-circle of the half-circle of the half-circle 33 is called the half-line L) The gap formed at the butt joint of the ring splits is called Hough gap H) to meet the predetermined requirements (when non-metal nylon material is used, there may be a cutting gap).

When the flexible sealing assembly 3 is installed, firstly screw one end of the long pipe hoop 31 with a threaded adjusting retaining ring 32 to the threaded end 22 of the wall bushing 2, and then lock the sealing ring group 34 and the end to the gland. 35 is pre-threaded on the cable or optical cable 1. Since the sealing ring of the sealing ring group 34 has sufficient elasticity, the inner diameter of the end locking gland 35 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, which will not affect the cable or optical cable 1. After the cable or optical cable 1 is laid in place, select the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 with the corresponding inner diameter according to the specifications of the cable or optical cable 1, and install the selected two Huff section sealing retaining rings 33 of the corresponding specifications on the On the cable or optical cable 1, the sealing ring group 34 is located between the two Huff section sealing retaining rings 33, preferably, the Hough lines L of the two Hough section sealing retaining rings 33 are perpendicular to each other (see FIG. 2D); when After the flexible seals formed by the two Hough joint sealing retaining rings 33 and the sealing ring group 34 are installed in place, they are sequentially squeezed and pushed into the long pipe hoop 31 until they contact the thread adjusting retaining ring 32, and then the ends are locked to the gland. The threaded end of 35 is screwed into the long pipe hoop 31, so that the sealing ring group 34 forms a three-way stress state of pre-tightening and compression.

The flexible sealing assembly 3 of the above structure can be installed without cutting the cable or the optical cable 1 after the cable or optical cable 1 is laid and installed in place. 34 Compressing the cable or optical cable 1 plays a role in positioning the cable or optical cable 1, and at the same time forms a uniform sealing cavity between the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and the periphery of the cable or optical cable 1, and the two Huff section sealing rings 33 are adjusted in the thread respectively. Under the action of the two-way constraining locking pressure of the retaining ring 32 and the end locking gland 35, the wedge-shaped rubber ring in the completely closed cavity seals and flows reasonably according to the predetermined direction, so that the inner wall of the sealed cavity generates extrusion stress, forming The flow seals zero space, thus providing a waterproof sealing effect.

The above structure can not only be used for sealing and sealing the nozzles of the entrance and exit ends of the outer retaining wall of the building structure, but also can be installed in the segmented electric well with a ring network structure as a stop valve for the mutual flow of water between the pipe diameters. (Defined as an anti-backflow stop valve for electrical pipe wells), it can solve the technical problems of unreasonable slope of the electrical outdoor pipe network and backflow of accumulated water.

For the engineering application of the above-mentioned flexible waterproof sealing structure for underground direct buried cables and optical cables through walls, a cement plant in East Asia is taken as an example to illustrate.

The cement plant is located in East Asia, with complex geological and hydrological conditions, high groundwater level and high seepage pressure. There is a XLPE power cable specification YJV-10KV/3×95 that will pass through the outer structure of the kiln head workshop adjacent to the crushing workshop. The retaining wall enters the cable trench in the workshop to connect multiple grate coolers in the kiln head workshop. The thickness of the wall 01 is 500mm, and the outer wall is a reinforced concrete structure.

The power cable of the cement plant has the following characteristics: the power cable will have obvious temperature changes with the magnitude of the current. Due to the heavy industrial workshop adjacent to the ore crushing workshop, there are large radial and Longitudinal distortion and deformation; the surrounding environment is harsh, the geological conditions are complex, and the building will have serious settlement, vibration and deformation.

The above features determine that the flexible sealing components 3 of the present invention should be installed at both ends of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 (see FIG. 3 ).

According to the national standard GB12706-2008, the outer diameter of the YJV-10KV/3×95 cable is D=62mm, and the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is made of galvanized steel pipe DN100. The outer diameter R1=108mm, the pipe wall thickness TH1=4.5mm, the inner diameter R2=108mm-2×4.5mm=99mm; by consulting the standard size of DN100 pipe hoop, it can be known that the outer diameter of the standard pipe hoop is R3=120mm, the pipe wall thickness TH2 =5mm, inner diameter R4=120mm-2×5mm=110mm.

According to the above design, the specifications and dimensions of the thread adjusting retaining ring 32, the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33, the long pipe hoop 31 and the end locking gland 35 are determined, wherein:

According to the provisions of "110kv and below Cable Laying" 12D101-05 and "Underground Communication Cable Laying" 05X101-2, the diameter of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is not less than 1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable. When using DN100 type wall-penetrating protection When the pipe 2 is used, the maximum outer diameter of the cable passing through the wall protection pipe 2 is Dmax=R2/1.5=99mm/1.5=66mm, which meets the requirements.

The inner hole of the threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 is hexagonal, and the opposite side size S = the maximum cable outer diameter Dmax + the fitting clearance between the cable and the inner diameter of the threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 = 66mm + 9 mm = 75 mm; the outer diameter of the threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 The outer diameter is G4 inch pipe thread, the axial thickness is 10mm, and the material is Q235A (refer to "Waterproof Sleeve" 02S404 for welding technical requirements, this part is suitable for various cables passing through within the DN100 specification).

The outer diameter of the Huff joint sealing retaining ring 33 = the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 - the fitting clearance between the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 and the long pipe hoop 31 = 110mm-5mm = 105mm; the inner diameter of the Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 = The outer diameter of the cable + the fitting clearance between the half-section sealing ring 33 and the outer diameter of the cable = 62mm + 5mm = 67mm; axial thickness = 10mm (metal material) or thickness = 15mm (nylon material), the half-section sealing stopper The material of the ring 33 can be carbon steel, cast copper or nylon, preferably Q235 carbon steel. The half-section sealing retaining ring 33 can be standardized, serialized and market-oriented according to the configuration of the cables to be passed through.

Design for the sealed cavity between the long tube ferrule 31 and the cable:

The radial clearance of the single-sided sealing cavity = (the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 - the outer diameter of the cable)/2=(110mm-62mm)/2=24mm; the sealing ring group 34 is composed of two O-rings, The diameter of the sealing ring = the radial clearance of the one-sided sealing cavity = 24mm, the inner diameter of the sealing ring = the outer diameter of the cable = 62 mm, the outer diameter of the sealing ring = the inner diameter of the sealing ring + 2 × the diameter of the sealing ring = 62 mm + 2 × 24mm=110mm; axial sealing length=2×diameter of sealing ring=2×24mm=48mm (when using asbestos rope or oil-impregnated jute rope and other sealing materials, the axial sealing length shall not be less than "02S404 Atlas of Waterproof Casing" "Regulations on the wedge-shaped sealing length and O-shaped sealing length of the flexible waterproof casing); similarly, the sealing ring group 34 can be standardized, serialized, and market-oriented according to the configuration of the cables to be passed through.

Design for End Lock Gland 35:

The inner diameter of the end locking gland 35 = the outer diameter of the maximum passing cable + the passing fit gap = 66mm + 10mm = 76mm, the outer diameter of the end locking gland 35 is G4 inch pipe thread, the axial length is 60mm, the material is preferred For Q235 carbon steel.

Design of long pipe hoop 31:

The long pipe hoop 31 is made of DN100 conical pipe made of Q235 carbon steel, and the effective screwing length of the thread is 27mm; the axial length of the long pipe hoop 31 = the screwing length + the guaranteed clearance + the axial thickness of the thread adjustment retaining ring 32 + 2×Axial thickness of Huff section sealing retaining ring 33 + axial sealing length of sealing ring group 34 + locking distance=27mm+10mm+10mm+2×10mm+48mm+27mm=142mm, therefore, the long pipe hoop 31 The axial length takes the standard size of 150mm.

The sealing design of the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the wall 01:

The through-wall protection pipe 2 adopts the structure of three wing ring plates 21 to be embedded in the wall body 01 (refer to "02S404 Design Atlas of Waterproof Sleeves"); the outer diameter of the wing ring plate 21 = 210mm, the Inner diameter = outer diameter of wall-passing protection tube 2 + fitting clearance = 108mm + 2mm = 110mm, thickness of wing ring plate 21 = 10mm; the material is Q235A, and the welding technology refers to "02S404 Waterproof Sleeve Atlas".

Since there is no external processing capability around the construction site, the method of on-site production is adopted. The pipe body of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is made of standard DN200 ordinary steel pipe, and the wing ring plate 21 is made of standard DN200 flange and wall-penetrating protection pipe 2. The tube body is welded; due to the current corresponding specifications, the wedge-shaped rubber ring and the O-shaped rubber ring have not been serialized and standardized. At present, the O-shaped rubber rope is processed on-site into an O-shaped sealing ring, or the asbestos rope, oil-impregnated jute rope and other materials are directly used to replace the O-shaped rubber ring, and good results have also been obtained.

Specifically, the construction method of the above-mentioned flexible waterproof sealing structure includes the following steps:

Step 1: Pre-embedding the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 at a predetermined position of the wall body 01 , so that all the wing ring plates 21 of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 are embedded in the wall body 01 .

Specifically include (see Figure 2E):

1) Set the reserved through-wall holes 011 at the position where the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 is pre-buried in the wall body 01, and on the basis of the vertical and horizontal conventional distribution ribs 012 of the wall body 01, reserve the wall-penetrating holes 011 Reinforcing ribs 013 are arranged at an angle with the conventional distribution ribs 012 around the rib (the preferred angle is 45°);

2) Binding or welding the wing ring plate 21 of the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the structural steel bar (conventional distribution bar 012) of the wall body 01;

3) Carry out formwork support and wall casting, and pre-embed the through-wall protection pipe 2 in the wall 01.

Step 2: Screw the long pipe hoop 31 with the built-in threaded adjustment retaining ring 32 to the threaded end 22 of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2, and then pre-thread the sealing ring group 34 and the end locking gland 35 on the cable or On the optical cable 1; install the selected two Huff section sealing retaining rings 33 of the corresponding specifications on the cable or optical cable 1, so that the sealing ring group 34 is located between the two Hough section sealing retaining rings 33, and the two Hough section sealing retaining rings 33 are installed. The flexible seal formed by the sealing ring 33 and the sealing ring group 34 is installed in place.

Step 3: Press and push the flexible seal formed by the two Hough joint sealing retaining rings 33 and the sealing ring group 34 into the long pipe hoop 31 in sequence until it contacts the thread adjusting retaining ring 32, and then lock the end to the gland. The threaded end of 35 is screwed into the long pipe hoop 31, so that sufficient pre-compression and pre-tightening force is formed on the sealing ring group 34 in the sealing cavity, that is, the sealing ring group 34 is in a state of three-way stress to form a static seal.

After installation, apply yellow grease to the threaded connections between the long pipe hoop 31 and the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2, as well as the end locking gland 35 and the long pipe hoop 31, wind the glass cloth, use emulsified asphalt for anti-corrosion treatment, and use fine sand. Backfill around the wall-passing protection pipe 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and cover the backfill with a protective plate (see "02S404 Design Atlas of Waterproof Sleeves" for construction technology).

Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various equivalent variations and modifications made to the present invention belong to the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through the wall, used for sealing the underground directly buried cables or optical cables passing through the wall (01), including a wall-penetrating protection tube ( 2), characterized in that it further comprises a flexible sealing assembly (3) arranged at least on the water-facing surface side of the through-wall protection pipe (2), the flexible sealing assembly (3) comprising: a long pipe hoop (31), the end of which is threadedly connected with the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2), and a thread adjusting retaining ring (32) is arranged inside the end; an end locking gland (35), which is threadedly connected to the other end of the long pipe clamp (31); and A flexible seal located inside the long tube collar (31) between the threaded adjusting collar (32) and the end locking gland (35), the flexible seal wrapping over the electrical or optical cable (1) and A static seal is formed respectively with the sealing surface of the wall-passing protection tube (2), the cable or the optical cable (1). 2. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, the flexible sealing member is composed of two Hough section sealing retaining rings (33) and two Hough section sealing rings (33) located at the two Hough sections. The sealing ring group (34) between the sealing retaining rings (33), the asbestos rope, and the oil-impregnated jute rope are composed of any one of them. Preferably, the Hough lines L of the two Hough segment sealing retaining rings (33) sheathed on the cable or optical cable (1) are perpendicular to each other. 3. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried cables or optical cables through walls according to claim 2, characterized in that the sealing ring group (34) is sheathed on the cables or optical cables (1), and includes an extrusion contact. At least two sealing rings, the section of the sealing ring is wedge-shaped or O-shaped. 4. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls according to claim 2, characterized in that, the size of the inner hole of the thread adjusting retaining ring (32) is larger than that through which the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) passes. The outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1), the inner diameter of the Huff joint sealing ring (33) is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop (31) and larger than the thread adjustment stopper The inner diameter of the ring (32). 5. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the end locking gland (35) comprises a threaded portion (351) and an end In the cover part (352), the thread part (351) extends into the inside of the long pipe hoop (31) and is threadedly connected with the long pipe hoop (31). 6. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner hole shape of the thread adjusting retaining ring (32) is a hexagonal hole, and the hexagonal The distance from the opposite side of the hole S=D+10mm, where D is the outer diameter of the largest cable or optical cable (1) that the wall-passing protection tube (2) can allow to pass through. 7. The flexible sealing structure for directly buried underground cables or optical cables through walls according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, at least three wings are welded on the body of the wall protection pipe (2) Ring plates (21), all wing ring plates (21) are embedded in the wall (01). 8. An underground direct buried cable or an optical cable through the wall with a sealing structure, it is characterized in that, comprise the flexible sealing structure for the underground direct buried cable or optical cable through the wall described in any one of claim 1 to 7 and be located in the wall ( The reinforcing rib (013) in 01), the reinforcing rib (013) is arranged at an angle around the reserved through-wall hole (011) and the conventional distribution rib (012) in the wall (01), and the reserved through-wall hole (012) is arranged at an angle. 011) is located in the wall (01) where the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) is pre-buried; preferably, the included angle between the conventional distribution rib (012) and the reinforcing rib (013) is 45°. 9. a construction method of the described underground direct buried cable of any one of Claims 1 to 7 or the construction method of the waterproof sealing structure of the optical cable passing through the wall, comprising the following steps: Step 1, pre-embedding the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) at a predetermined position of the wall body (01), so that all the wing ring plates (21) of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) are embedded in the wall body (01); Step 2: Screw the long pipe hoop (31) with the built-in threaded adjusting retaining ring (32) to the threaded end (22) of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2), and then lock the sealing ring group (34) and the end. Tighten the cover (35) on the cable or optical cable (1) in advance; install the two selected Huff joint sealing rings (33) on the cable or optical cable (1), so that the sealing ring group (24) is located in the cable or optical cable (1). Between the two Hough joint sealing retaining rings (33), the flexible sealing member formed by the two half sealing retaining rings (33) and the sealing ring group (34) is installed in place; Step 3: Squeeze and push the flexible seals into the long pipe hoop (31) in sequence until they contact the thread adjusting retaining ring (32), and then screw the threaded end of the end locking gland (35) into the long pipe hoop (35). 31), so that the sealing ring group (34) in the sealing cavity is formed with a sufficient pre-compression and pre-tightening force, that is, the sealing ring group (34) is in a state of three-way stress to form a static seal. 10. The construction method according to claim 9, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises: 1) Set reserved through-wall holes (011) at the positions of the pre-embedded wall-penetrating protection pipes (2) in the wall (01), and set the holes (011) in the vertical and horizontal directions of the wall (01). On the basis, reinforcing ribs (013) are arranged around the reserved through-wall holes (011) at an angle with the conventional distribution ribs (012) (the preferred angle is 45°); 2) Binding or welding the wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) and the conventional distribution rib (012) of the wall (01); 3) Carry out formwork support and wall pouring, and pre-embed the through-wall protection pipe (2) in the wall (01).

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