Processing technology of waterproof yarn
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a processing technology of waterproof yarn.
Background
The yarn is a product processed into certain fineness by various spinning fibers and is used for gauze, rope making, thread making, knitting, embroidery and the like. Furthermore, the yarn, which is usually white when produced from a yarn machine, can also be dyed as desired for use in clothing, bedding or other decorative articles.
For outdoor sports enthusiasts working in offices in the weekdays, the enthusiasts often go to parks or forests to participate in certain outdoor sports only at the morning and at the night. However, in both of these two periods, the outdoor air temperature is generally low, and especially in winter, frost and dew are easy to appear in the morning and at night. At this time, if the outdoor sports enthusiasts keep warm by knitting clothes or hats, because the water contact angles of the surfaces of the common yarns are less than 90 degrees, water drops are easy to adhere to the surfaces of knitwear made of the yarns, the knitwear products are easy to become damp in the process of sports, lose the warm-keeping effect, and are easy to catch a cold after a long time. For this reason, some companies have also introduced yarns with good water-repellent properties.
However, the yarns are often contaminated with oil stains during production and transportation, and generally, the oil stains are often ignored during the waterproofing process of enterprises and are directly produced. Although waterproof yarn can be produced, when the yarn is stained with oil, the waterproof agent and dye are not easy to adhere to the surface of the yarn or permeate into the yarn, so that the final quality of the waterproof yarn is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing technology of waterproof yarn, which carries out pretreatment of deoiling on the yarn and ensures the efficiency and quality of subsequent dyeing and waterproofing of the yarn.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a processing technology of waterproof yarn mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding the deoiling agent and caustic soda into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain deoiling liquid;
step two: soaking and deoiling the yarns in deoiling liquid;
step three: neutralizing and cleaning the deoiled yarn by using an acetic acid solution, and then washing with water;
step four: dyeing the washed yarn, and then cleaning;
step five: soaking the cleaned yarn in waterproof liquid for waterproof treatment;
step six: and cleaning the waterproof yarn, shading and drying in the shade, and drying to obtain the finished waterproof yarn.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the deoiling liquid that utilizes deoiling agent and caustic soda and water to make carries out the deoiling to the yarn and handles, can guarantee the cleanness on yarn surface like this to can be favorable to improving follow-up dyeing and water repellent's quality, guarantee the colour fastness and the waterproof performance of yarn.
Meanwhile, in the sixth step, the yarn is cleaned and then shaded, so that the dyeing agent and the waterproof agent tend to be stable on the surface of the yarn, and the quality of the final yarn is ensured.
Preferably, the oil removing agent mainly comprises, by mass, 5-9 parts of carbamide, 3-7 parts of an anionic surfactant, 25-31 parts of water, 15-19 parts of ethanol, 2-4 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 8-12 parts of polyaspartic acid and 7-13 parts of starch.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether helps anionic surfactant and sodium hydroxide to permeate to inside the yarn to can help the oil stain to take place saponification reaction under the effect of sodium hydroxide on the one hand, anionic surfactant can help the oil stain and the product after the oil stain saponification to dissolve in aqueous on the other hand, thereby be convenient for detach the oil stain on the yarn.
In addition, the polyaspartic acid has the performance of scale inhibition, so that the scale formation of calcium and magnesium ions in water on the surface of the yarn can be reduced, and the subsequent yarn dyeing and waterproof treatment are influenced. And the carbamide can protect the yarn, so that the possibility of damage to the yarn in the oil removing process is reduced.
Preferably, the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate has good degreasing capability and relatively stable performance. In addition, some of the carbonamide and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate may remain on the surface of the yarn after the processing is completed. Later, if the textile made of the yarn is bitten by insects, the carbamide and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate enter the insects, at the moment, the carbamide destroys the chitin layer in the insects, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate dissolves the wax layer on the insects through the destroyed chitin layer, and forms an airtight film at the air holes on the insects, so that the insects die by suffocation, thereby playing a role in killing insects.
Preferably, the starch is subjected to oxidative modification treatment by an oxidizing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the oxidized starch can be compounded with the polyaspartic acid, so that the oxidized starch can promote scale deposition crystals generated by calcium and magnesium ions to gradually form obvious sheet-shaped and layered structures and form certain pits. Therefore, the irregular crystals can easily make the scale layer soft and can be easily washed away by water, thereby reducing the possibility of scale on the surface of the yarn and being suitable for being used in areas with more hard water in the north.
Preferably, the waterproof agent mainly comprises, by mass, 13-15 parts of cyanuric chloride, 20-30 parts of acrylic resin, 15-17 parts of ethylene glycol, 10-15 parts of higher aliphatic alcohol acrylate, 2-4 parts of polyether silicone oil, 7-13 parts of diethanolamide and 70-80 parts of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the cyanuric chloride can increase the surface tension of the yarn, water is not easy to stay on the surface of the yarn, and on the other hand, the acrylic resin and the polyether silicone oil can form a water conveying layer on the yarn, so that the possibility that the textile made of the yarn is wetted is reduced.
Preferably, the cyanuric chloride is modified by linking 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine to a secondary palmityl amine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the secondary palmityl amine is grafted to the cyanuric chloride, so that the cyanuric chloride has a water-repellent functional group, and the waterproof capability of the yarn can be effectively improved when the modified cyanuric chloride is attached to the surface of the yarn or permeates into the yarn.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the dyed yarn is alternately cleaned by three times of clear water and two times of cleaning solution containing the KST cleaning agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dye which is not stably attached to the yarn can be removed completely, so that the components in the waterproof liquid can be more easily attached to the surface of the yarn, and the waterproof performance of the yarn is improved.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the time for washing with clean water for three times is 5min, 3min and 3min respectively, and the time for washing with the cleaning solution for two times is 15min respectively.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can keep the cleaning performance of yarn on the one hand, on the other hand also can reduce the use amount of clear water and cleaner to manufacturing cost has been reduced.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the yarn is soaked into the waterproof liquid at normal temperature, then the waterproof liquid is gradually heated to 40 ℃ and is kept warm for 10min, then the waterproof liquid is continuously heated to 50 ℃ and is kept warm for 20min, and finally the waterproof liquid is continuously heated to 60 ℃ and is kept warm for 20 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature is firstly increased to 40 ℃, so that the components in the waterproof liquid can be smoothly dispersed in the yarns, and the problem of uneven distribution of the waterproof liquid groups is avoided. Then the temperature is raised to 50 ℃ and 60 ℃ so that the waterproof components in the waterproof liquid can be uniformly combined with the surface of the yarn, and the waterproof quality of the yarn is ensured.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. firstly, the yarn is subjected to oil removal treatment, so that the later dye and waterproof components are favorably ensured to be attached to the surface of the yarn;
2. the carbamide, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether are selected as main components of the oil removing agent, so that the oil removing agent has a good oil removing effect, can play a certain role in ensuring the yarn, and can improve the insect resistance of the yarn by the synergistic effect of the residual carbamide carbonate and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;
3. the cyanuric chloride in the waterproof liquid is grafted with the palmityl secondary amine, so that the tension on the surface of the yarn can be reduced, and a water-repellent functional group can be introduced, thereby improving the waterproof effect of the yarn;
4. the starch can be compounded with the polyaspartic acid after being oxidized and modified, and the possibility that calcium and magnesium ions in water form scale on the surface of the yarn can be reduced, so that the oil removing efficiency of the oil removing liquid is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a processing technology of waterproof yarn.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
a processing technology of waterproof yarn is shown in the attached figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 1Kg of degreaser and 500g of caustic soda to 1m3In clear water, the clear water is uniformly mixed at the rotating speed of 500rpm to obtain deoiling liquid;
step two: heating the deoiling liquid to 90 ℃, soaking the yarns into the deoiling liquid, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
step three: neutralizing and cleaning the deoiled yarn for 5min by using an acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.2g/L, and then cleaning for 3min by using clean water;
step four: putting the yarn into a dye vat, adding clear water with 55 percent of the volume of the dye vat, sequentially adding a leveling agent GS and a dye HFRL purple into the dye vat at a ratio of 1: 2 to obtain a dye solution with 5 percent of the concentration of the dye HFRL purple, dyeing according to sequential operation (firstly, heating to 80 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, heating to 135 ℃ at a speed of 1.2 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 40 minutes, secondly, directly removing the dye solution at a high temperature, adding clear water with 80 percent of the volume of the dye vat, repeatedly cleaning twice for 4 minutes, thirdly, directly adding a reducing agent and glacial acetic acid into the clear water for secondary cleaning at a mass ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a reducing solution with 7 percent of the concentration, heating to 85 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, fifthly, directly removing the reducing solution at a high temperature), after finishing, respectively cleaning by using clear water with 55 percent of the volume of the dye vat and cleaning solution with a concentration of 2g/LKST of 55 percent of the volume, wherein the time for cleaning with clear water is 5min, 3min and 3min, while the temperature of the KST cleaning solution is 40 ℃, the cleaning frequency is two times, and the time is 15 min;
step five: 1Kg of water repellent was dissolved in 1m3Soaking the cleaned yarn in the waterproof liquid, heating the waterproof liquid to 40 ℃ at a speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 50 ℃ at a speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, then continuously heating to 60 ℃ at a speed of 1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 20 min;
step six: and taking the yarn out of the dye vat, washing the yarn for 3min by using clear water, shading and drying the yarn in the shade, and drying the yarn at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the finished waterproof yarn.
The oil removing agent is prepared by mixing 5 parts of carbamide, 3 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 25 parts of water, 15 parts of ethanol, 2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 8 parts of polyaspartic acid and 7 parts of starch in parts by mass. The waterproof agent is prepared by mixing 13 parts of cyanuric chloride, 20 parts of acrylic resin, 15 parts of ethylene glycol, 10 parts of higher aliphatic alcohol acrylate, 2 parts of polyether silicone oil, 7 parts of diethanolamide and 70 parts of water in parts by mass.
Wherein the leveling agent GS can be purchased from Haian petrochemical plants of Jiangsu province. The dye HFRL Violet is available from Shanyu, Zhejiang, Japan dye chemical Co. The KST cleaning solution is available from Hangzhou Geen textile chemical Co. Here, the yarn is an acrylic yarn.
The second to fifth examples differ from the first example only in the amount of each component in the oil-removing agent and the water-repellent agent, as shown in the following table one:
watch 1
Comparative example one:
this comparative example differs from example four only in that no degreasing treatment was performed.
Comparative example two:
the comparative example differs from example four only in that the carboxamides in the degreaser were all replaced by sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
Comparative example three:
the difference between the comparative example and the fourth example is that the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the oil removing agent is replaced by fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
Comparative example four:
the comparative example differs from example four only in that the starch in the oil remover is replaced by polyaspartic acid.
Example six:
the difference between the embodiment and the fifth embodiment is only that the starch of the present application is soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour to obtain oxidized starch.
Example seven:
this example differs from example five only in that the cyanuric chloride of the present application is modified with a secondary palmityl amine.
The method comprises the following specific steps: first step of: 0.1mol of cyanuric chloride and 0.5mol of anhydrous K2CO3Adding 0.25mol of palmityl secondary amine into a 250mL three-neck flask in sequence, protecting with nitrogen, standing in ice water bath for 0.5h, and injecting 200mL of dry THF and dry dioxane [ V (THF): (dioxane): 1: 4)]Respectively reacting in ice water bath at room temperature for 4 hr, refluxing, removing solvent under reduced pressure, washing with water to neutrality, and separating by column chromatography (eluent: V (ethyl acetate): V (petroleum ether): 1: 200)]Obtaining white solid powder;
the second step is that: 0.5mol of anhydrous K2CO3Adding 50mL of 1, 6-hexanediamine and 150mL of dioxane into the white solid powder in the first step in sequence, refluxing for reaction, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, washing with water to neutrality, and separating by column chromatography (eluent: V (ethyl acetate): V (petroleum ether): 1: 200)]And obtaining the modified cyanuric chloride.
The yarn was tested according to the following test method in the first to seventh examples and the first to fourth comparative examples, and the average amount of oil stain of the yarn was 7mg/m3The test results are shown in table two:
(1) and (3) waterproof testing: suspending 1Kg of yarn, spraying water from the upper part of the yarn for 5min by using an AATTCC spray tester in a full covering manner, and observing the time for dripping the yarn in unit min;
(2) directly testing the tensile breaking strength of the yarn in unit Mpa by using a stretching instrument;
(3) color fastness: testing the washing color fastness of the yarn according to the detection standard of GB/T3921-2008, unit: a stage;
(4) 50 termites were placed in a container together with 1Kg of yarn and after 24 hours the amount of termite survived was observed in units of: only.
Watch two
The following conclusions can be drawn from the test results of table two:
(1) as can be seen from the comparison between the example four and the comparative example one, the dyeing and waterproof performance of the yarn can be effectively improved after the oil removal treatment;
(2) from the comparison between the example four and the comparative example two, it can be known that the yarns can be protected by adding the carbonamide in the oil removing process, and the performance of the yarns can be prevented from being damaged;
(3) from a comparison of example four and comparative example two, it can be seen that the addition of carbamide to the oil removal agent can help protect the yarn;
(4) from the comparison between the example four and the comparative example two and the comparative example three, it can be known that the simultaneous addition of the carbamide and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the oil removing agent is beneficial to improving the insect resistance of the yarn;
(5) from the comparison between the example four and the comparative example three, it can be known that the oil removal efficiency can be effectively improved by simultaneously adding the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether into the oil removal agent;
(6) from the comparison between the example four and the comparative example four, it can be known that the oil removal efficiency can be effectively improved when polyaspartic acid and starch coexist in the oil removal agent;
(6) from the comparison between the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, it can be known that the oil removal efficiency can be further improved by using the starch subjected to oxidation modification and the polyaspartic acid in a matching manner;
(7) from the comparison between the fifth example and the seventh example, it can be known that the water resistance of the yarn can be effectively improved by modifying cyanuric chloride through the palmityl secondary amine.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.