CN111575628A - A kind of preparation method of tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO2 - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ . S1. Preparation of spray powder (1) Ingredients: 5-15% of titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder and 5-15% of metal TiN ₂ powder %, tin-based babbitt powder 70-90%; (2) Mixing: add titanium oxide _TiO2 powder, metal TiN powder, and tin-based babbitt powder into the mixer for mixing work, so that the tin The base babbitt powder is fully mixed with titanium oxide TiO ₂ and metal TiN ₂ , and the mixing time is 6-8 hours to obtain spray powder. In the present invention, metal TiN powder and titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder are added to the tin-based babbitt powder. The two powders are mixed uniformly by a mixer, and the surface of H62 brass is sprayed by plasma spraying equipment to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of tin-based babbitt alloys.

Description

A kind of preparation method of tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO2

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tin-based babbitt, in particular to a preparation method of a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO2 .

Background technique

The bearing bush is the contact part between the sliding bearing and the journal. It is a half-cylindrical surface in the shape of a pad, which is very smooth. Generally, it is made of wear-resistant materials such as bronze and anti-friction alloy. In special cases, it can be made of wood, engineering plastics or rubber. production. There are two types of bearing bushes: integral type and split type. Integral bearing bushes are usually called bushings. The integral bearing bush has two kinds of oil groove and oil groove. The bearing bush and the journal adopt a clearance fit. The bearing bush is the contact part of the sliding bearing and the shaft, which is very smooth and is generally made of wear-resistant materials such as bronze and anti-friction alloys. The bearing bush generally has two layers of metal, the outer side is steel, and the inner side has various alloy metals including copper alloy, aluminum alloy, and babbitt alloy. The inner alloy has many special properties, including fatigue resistance, embedment, acid resistance and so on.

Babbitt is a general term for tin-based bearing alloys and lead-based bearing alloys. Babbitt alloy is an ideal material for bearing alloys under moderate load. Due to its low strength, steel shell and copper shell materials are used to increase the strength of the alloy. The bearing pad and the oil film lubricating pad of the low-speed heavy-load sliding bearing are on the bearing, and the part that is in direct contact with the shaft bears the load and has relative motion with the shaft. In order to reduce friction and wear, various requirements are placed on the bearing material. Except for the friction pair, tin-based babbitt alloy is widely used in the bearing pad of rolling equipment because of its soft and tough, wear-resistant, easy cutting and scraping. lining.

Friction will generate high temperature. Although the bearing bush is made of special high temperature resistant alloy material, direct friction occurs. The average ratio of failure causes of automobile sliding bearings accounts for the main reason for failure, and the bonding strength between the bearing bush and the substrate is improved. , and reduce the friction coefficient of the bearing bush, improve the tribological performance of the bearing bush, and improve the microhardness of the bearing bush, which can effectively improve the problem of bearing bush falling off.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ to solve the problem that friction in the above-mentioned background technology will produce very high temperature, although the bearing bush is made of special high temperature resistant alloy material. However, it is caused by direct friction. The average ratio of failure causes of automobile sliding bearings accounts for the main cause of failures. It improves the bonding strength between the bearing bush and the substrate, reduces the friction coefficient of the bearing bush, improves the tribological performance of the bearing bush, and improves the bearing lining. The microhardness can effectively improve the bearing life problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a preparation method of a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ , comprising the following steps:

S1. Preparation of spray powder

(1) Ingredients: Titanium oxide: TiO ₂ powder 5-15%, metal TiN ₂ powder: 5-15% and 70-90% tin-based babbitt powder;

(2) Mixing: Add the tin-based babbitt powder, titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder and metal TiN ₂ powder into the mixer according to the proportions designed in the experiment for mixing work, so that the tin-based babbitt powder and the titanium oxide powder are mixed together. TiO ₂ and metal TiN ₂ are thoroughly mixed, and the mixing time is 6-8 hours to obtain a spray powder containing titanium oxide TiO ₂ and metal TiN ₂ tin-based babbitt;

S2, spraying

(1) Spraying main body: H62 brass, size: 25*50*2-3mm;

(2) adding the spraying powder into the plasma spraying equipment, and using the plasma spraying equipment to evenly spray the spraying powder on the surface of the H62 brass;

S3, performance testing

(1) Mount the sprayed H62 brass sample with a metallographic sample mounting machine;

(2) Use sandpaper 180#, 240#...1200#, 1500# to grind, polish and corrode the mounting end face in turn;

(3) Use HV-1000 microhardness tester to measure the microhardness HV of the coating surface, observe the microstructure of each test piece with Rigaku X-ray diffractometer and S-4800 scanning electron microscope, analyze coating composition and record relevant parameters

(3) The microhardness HV of the coating was measured with the HV-1000 microhardness tester produced in Shenzhen, and the microstructure of each test piece was observed by Rigaku X-ray diffractometer and S-4800 scanning electron microscope, and the composition of the coating was analyzed. Record relevant parameters.

Preferably, the tin-based babbitt alloy is YTH tin alloy powder produced by Zhejiang Yatong Welding Materials Co., Ltd., the particle size is -150/325M, the particle size of the titanium oxide _TiO2 powder is 200/330M, and the metal _TiN2 powder is The mesh size is 200/330 mesh.

Preferably, in the step S3, MDW-02 wear tester is used to wear the spray coating, wherein the wear time is 100min.

Preferably, use 5w-20# oil to lubricate the wear, use sterile cotton swabs to evenly apply 5W-20# oil to the surface of the spray coating, and weigh the test piece every 20 minutes; after wear, use degreaser or Acetone was used to remove the residual oil stains on the specimen, and then ultrasonic vibration was used for cleaning with anhydrous ethanol for 15-30 min, dried with a hair dryer, and weighed on a FB-C precision balance.

Preferably, the main gas of the plasma spraying equipment is inert gas argon gas, and the secondary gas is nitrogen gas.

Preferably, the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 5%, the metal TiN ₂ powder is 5%, and the tin-based babbitt powder is 90%.

Preferably, the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 15%, the metal TiN ₂ powder is 15%, and the tin-based babbitt powder is 70%.

Preferably, the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 10%, the metal TiN ₂ powder is 10%, and the tin-based babbitt powder is 80%.

The invention provides a preparation method of a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ , which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) In the present invention, two kinds of powders of metal TiN powder and titanium oxide _TiO powder are added to the tin-based babbitt powder, and the materials are uniformly mixed by a mixer, and the H62 brass surface is sprayed by plasma spraying equipment, Improve the surface microhardness and wear resistance of tin-based babbitt alloys.

(2) The microhardness of the tin-based babbitt coating with _TiO2 and metal TiN added in the present invention can reach 1151Hv, which is 13.5 times higher than that of the conventional tin-based babbitt coating, and the plasma spraying 15% tin-based The friction coefficient of babbitt is u=0.38, and the friction coefficient of plasma sprayed ₁₀ % TiN ₂ tin-based babbitt is u=0.19, and the minimum friction coefficient is u=0.06. 3.3 times lower friction than tin-based babbitt.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the wear curve of H62 brass surface plasma sprayed with different contents of TiO ₂ and 10% TiN tin-based babbitt of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the H62 brass surface plasma spray of the present invention containing TiN tin-based babbitt quality wear curve;

Fig. 3 is the friction coefficient curve of H62 brass surface plasma sprayed with different contents of 10% TiN and 10% TiO ₂ tin-based babbitt;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged image of the H62 brass surface plasma spraying adding 15% TiN tin-based babbitt alloy spray coating of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the XRD analysis pattern of H62 brass surface plasma spraying containing 10% TiN tin-based babbitt alloy of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the friction coefficient curve of H62 brass surface plasma spray containing 10% TiN tin-based babbitt alloy of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the SEM image of the selected point for elemental analysis by adding 10% TiN and 10% TiO ₂ to the tin-based babbitt alloy by plasma spraying on the surface of H62 brass according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the H62 surface plasma spraying in the tin-based babbitt alloy adding 10% TiN, 10% TiO ₂ element composition spectrum of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the XRD diffraction analysis pattern of H62 surface plasma sprayed 10%TiO ₂ tin-based babbitt alloy of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the microhardness column chart of the H62 surface plasma sprayed tin-based Babbitt TiO ₂ and TiN coatings of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the wear curves of tin-based babbitt alloys with different contents of TiO ₂ and 10% TiN by plasma spraying according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1:

S1. Preparation of spray powder

(1) Ingredients: 15% titanium oxide _TiO2 powder, 15% metal TiN powder and the balance 70% tin-based babbitt powder;

(2) Mixing: The tin-based babbitt powder containing titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder and metal TiN powder is evenly added into the mixer for mixing work, so that the tin-based babbitt powder is mixed with titanium oxide TiO ₂ and metal powder. The TiN is fully mixed, and the mixing time is 6-8 hours to obtain a uniformly mixed spray powder of tin-based babbitt containing titanium oxide _TiO2 powder and metal TiN powder;

S2, spraying

(1) Spraying main body: H62 brass, size: 25*50*2-3mm;

(2) Add the spraying powder into the PK-80Z-II ion spraying equipment, and use the plasma spraying equipment to evenly spray the spraying powder on the surface of the H62 brass;

S3, performance testing

(1) Use a metallographic sample inlay machine to select specific components of the sprayed H62 brass and mount the sample;

(2) Measure the microhardness HV of the coating with HV-1000 microhardness tester, observe the microstructure of each test piece by Rigaku X-ray diffractometer and S-4800 scanning electron microscope, analyze coating composition and record relevant parameters .

(3) Use the MDW-02 wear tester to carry out large wear on the sprayed layer, and the wear time is 100min. After weighing the test piece before wear, the test piece is clamped on the fixture, and the sprayed surface is in contact with the steel ball;

Loading load: F=1-100N;

Frequency: f=1-3/Hz;

Lubrication: 5W-20# oil;

Among them, the wear test was carried out, 5W-20# oil was used for lubrication during wear, and 5W-20# oil was evenly spread on the surface of the spray layer with a sterile cotton swab, and the test piece was weighed every 20 minutes. After abrasion, use degreaser or acetone to remove the residual oil on the test piece, then use anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic vibration cleaning for 15-30 minutes, dry it with a hair dryer, and weigh it on a FB-C precision balance. In this test, manual loading is used, and the applied force is guaranteed to be a constant value in the range of 1N-100N by adding code on the worn ball needle. The frequency of reciprocation and the number of times of wear and tear per second are determined by changing the shaft speed. The friction temperature and friction torque are measured by the sensor, and the friction force and friction coefficient are obtained indirectly;

Example 2:

S1. Preparation of spray powder

(1) Ingredients: 10% titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder and 10% metal TiN powder with the balance tin-based babbitt powder;

(2) Mixing: add titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder, metal TiN powder and tin-based babbitt powder into the mixer for mixing, so that titanium oxide TiO ₂ , metal TiN and tin-based babbitt powder Mixing thoroughly between 6-8 hours to obtain uniformly mixed tin-based babbitt powder containing 10% titanium oxide _TiO2 powder and 10% metal TiN powder;

S2, spraying

(1) Spray substrate: H62 brass, size: 25*50*2-3mm;

(2) Add the spraying powder into the PK-80Z-II ion spraying equipment, and use the plasma spraying equipment to evenly spray the spraying powder on the surface of the H62 brass;

S3, performance testing

(1) Use the metallographic sample inlay machine to make the sprayed sample H62 brass into the inlay;

(2) Measure the microhardness HV of the coating surface with HV-1000 microhardness tester, observe the microstructure of each test piece with Rigaku X-ray diffractometer and S-4800 scanning electron microscope, analyze coating composition and record relevant parameters

(3) Use the MDW-02 wear tester to wear the sprayed layer, the wear time is 100min, the test piece is weighed before wear, the test piece is clamped on the fixture, and the sprayed surface is in contact with the steel ball:

Loading load: F=1-100N;

Frequency: f=1-3/Hz;

Lubrication: 5w-20# oil;

Among them, 5w-20# oil is used for lubrication when worn, and the lubricating oil is evenly spread on the surface of the spray layer with a sterile cotton swab, and the test piece is weighed every 20 minutes. This test is manually loaded, and the applied force is guaranteed to be a constant value in the range of 1N-100N by adding code on the worn ball needle. The frequency of reciprocation and the number of times of wear and tear per second are determined by changing the shaft speed. The friction temperature and friction torque are measured by the sensor, and the friction force and friction coefficient are obtained indirectly. After wear, degreasing agent or acetone removes the residual oil on the test piece, and then ultrasonic vibration cleaning is performed with absolute ethanol for 15-30 minutes. Blow dry and weigh on FB-C precision balance;

Example 3:

S1. Preparation of spray powder

(1) Ingredients: 5% titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder, 5% metal TiN powder and 90% tin-based babbitt powder;

(2) Mixing: Add tin-based babbitt powder, titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder and metal TiN powder into the mixer for mixing work, so that the tin-based babbitt powder is mixed with titanium oxide TiO ₂ and metal TiN powder. Mix thoroughly between 6-8 hours to obtain a tin-based babbitt spray powder that contains 5% titanium oxide TiO ₂ and 5% metal TiN powder mixed uniformly;

S2, spraying

(1) Spray substrate: H62 brass, size: 25*50*2-3mm;

(2) Add the spraying powder into the PK-80Z-II ion spraying equipment, and use the plasma spraying equipment to evenly spray the spraying powder on the surface of the H62 brass;

S3, performance testing

(1) Use a metallographic sample inlay machine to select specific components of the sprayed H62 brass and mount the sample;

(2) Measure the microhardness HV of the coating surface with HV-1000 microhardness tester, observe the microstructure of each test piece with Rigaku X-ray diffractometer and S-4800 scanning electron microscope, analyze coating composition and record relevant parameters

(3) Use the MDW-02 wear tester to carry out the wear test on the sprayed layer, the wear time is 100min, the test piece is weighed before wear, the test piece is clamped on the fixture, and the sprayed surface is in contact with the steel ball:

Loading load: F=1-100N;

Frequency: f=1-3/Hz;

Lubrication conditions: 5w-20# oil;

Among them, 5w-20# oil is used for lubrication when worn, and 5w-20# oil is evenly spread on the surface of the spray layer with a sterile cotton swab, and the test piece is weighed every 20 minutes. After wear and tear, use degreaser or acetone to remove the remaining oil stains on the test piece, use anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic vibration cleaning, clean for 15-30 minutes, dry it with a hair dryer, and weigh it on a FB-C precision balance. Manual loading, by adding code on the wear ball needle to ensure a fixed value in the range of 1N-100N. The frequency of reciprocation and the number of times of wear and tear per second are determined by changing the shaft speed. The friction temperature and friction torque are measured by the sensor, and the friction force and friction coefficient are obtained indirectly;

(4) The element information of adding TiN tin-based babbitt alloy is shown in Table 1

Table 1 Element information of added TiN tin-based babbitt alloy

in conclusion:

Under the test conditions of load F=3N, frequency f=3Hz and wear time t=20min each time, total T=100min, according to the wear curve of the blank test group of tin-based babbitt alloy TiN and TiO ₂ , the growth rate of wear amount is respectively For tin-based babbitt 0.01219g/min, 0.0119g/min, TiN 0.00809g/min, TiO ₂ 0.00306g/min, the maximum wear amount of TiO ₂ is 1.219g.

Tin-based babbitt without TiO ₂ and TiN reduces the wear rate nearly 1.5 times. The friction coefficient of plasma sprayed 15% tin-based babbitt u=0.38, plasma sprayed of 10% TiN, tin-based babbitt, plasma sprayed with TiO ₂ and TiN tin-based babbitt, the friction coefficient is u=0.19. The minimum friction coefficient is u=0.06, which is 3.3 times lower than the friction coefficient of plasma sprayed tin-based babbitt.

The microhardnesses of plasma sprayed tin-based babbitt, TiO ₂ and TiN coatings are: 85.5HV, TiO ₂ : 162HV, TiN: 551.5HV, respectively, while the surface of plasma sprayed tin-based babbitt coatings containing TiN and TiO ₂ shows obvious The micro-hardness is ≥390HV, and the highest is 630HV, which is 7.5 times higher, so that the bearing with a larger load can run for a longer time. The HV-1000 microhardness test shows that the microhardness of 15% _TiO2 in plasma sprayed tin-based babbitt is 100.5HV, and the microhardness of plasma sprayed tin-based babbitt with 10% _TiO2 is 164.5HV.

Claims (8)

1. a preparation method of the tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO , is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1. Preparation of spray powder (1) Ingredients: Titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder 5-15%, metal TiN ₂ powder 5-15%, tin-based babbitt powder 70-90%; (2) Mixing: Add titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder, metal TiN ₂ powder and tin-based babbitt alloy powder into the mixer according to the proportions designed in the experiment for mixing work, so that titanium oxide TiO _{2 ,} metal TiN ₂ and The tin-based babbitt powder is fully mixed with the tin-based babbitt, and the mixing time is 6-8 hours to obtain a spray powder containing titanium oxide TiO ₂ and metal TiN ₂ tin-based babbitt; S2, spraying (1) Spraying body: H62 brass, size 25*50*2-3mm; (2) adding the spraying powder into the plasma spraying equipment, and using the plasma spraying equipment to evenly spray the spraying powder on the surface of the H62 brass; S3, performance testing (1) Mount the sprayed H62 brass sample with a metallographic sample mounting machine; (2) Carry out the wear test on the end faces of the 180#, 240#... (3) The microhardness HV of the coating was measured with the HV-1000 microhardness tester produced in Shenzhen, and the microstructure of each specimen was observed with an X-ray diffractometer and an S-4800 scanning electron microscope, and the composition of the coating was analyzed. Record relevant parameters. 2. a kind of preparation method of the tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described tin-based babbitt powder of described tin-based babbitt is Zhejiang Asia The YTH tin alloy powder produced by Tong Welding Materials Co., Ltd. has a particle size of -150/325M and a particle size of -150/325M. The particle size of the titanium oxide TiO2 powder is 200/330M, and the metal _TiN2 powder is a mesh particle size of 200/330 mesh. 3. a kind of preparation method of the tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step S3, adopt MDW-02 abrasion tester to wear the spray coating , and the wear time is 100min. 4. a kind of preparation method of the tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt oil lubrication during described wear and tear, use sterile cotton swab to put 5W-20# engine oil Apply evenly on the surface of the spray coating, and weigh the test piece every 20 minutes; after wear, use degreaser or acetone to remove the residual oil on the test piece, then use anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic vibration cleaning, clean for 15-30 minutes, and use a hair dryer Blow dry and weigh on a FB-C precision balance. 5. a kind of preparation method of the tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and _TiO according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the main gas of described plasma spraying equipment is inert gas argon gas, and secondary gas is nitrogen gas . 6. The method for preparing a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ according to claim 1, wherein the tin-based babbitt powder is 90% and the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 5%. , Metal TiN ₂ powder 5%. 7 . The method for preparing a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ according to claim 1 , wherein the tin-based babbitt powder is 70% and the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 15%. 8 . , Metal TiN ₂ powder 15%. 8 . The method for preparing a tin-based babbitt coating containing TiN and TiO ₂ according to claim 1 , wherein the tin-based babbitt powder is 80% and the titanium oxide TiO ₂ powder is 10%. 9 . , Metal TiN ₂ powder 10%.

Images