CN111572076A - Air spring forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rubber forming molds, in particular to an air spring forming method. The invention overcomes the defects that the traditional air spring forming die depends on a forming machine, has single function, has gaps on tiles, depends on mechanical force for die assembly and the like. The steps specifically comprise a round expanding stage, an embedding stage, a retracting stage, an assembly replacing stage and an inflation forming stage. The device has multiple purposes, can complete two operations of expanding a circle and inflating and forming only by replacing part of components, and does not need to move the rubber bag body. The invention has simple operation, when the forming drum is used for expanding the circle, the device only needs to be placed on a lathe, the mandrel component and the mandrel therein only need to be respectively connected with the lathe from two ends, and the forming drum can be operated by the axial feeding of the lathe. When the inflation molding is carried out, the left end mold can be pushed by manually rotating the push rod, so that the mold closing operation is realized without depending on mechanical force. The method and the device are simple, reasonable in configuration and easy to install.

Description

A kind of air spring forming method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of air spring forming, in particular to an air spring forming method.

Background technique

The rubber air spring is an element that uses the reaction force of the compressed air inside the rubber air bag as an elastic restoring force. In terms of transportation, rubber air springs are widely used in automobiles, express trains, subways, light rail trains, maglev trains and other vehicles; in industry, they are widely used in presses, air compressors, centrifuges, foundry machinery and textile machinery, etc. on various industrial machinery.

Most of the existing air springs and their forming dies are used as part of the forming machine. The existing air springs and their forming dies have many disadvantages, such as being unable to be used alone, the forming machine is complex in structure, occupies a large space, and the existing forming drums have many disadvantages. Air bubbles are easily generated in the gap of the upper tile, and only mechanical mold clamping can be used in the process of inflating and flanging.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of traditional air spring forming relying on forming machines, single function, gaps in tiles, and mechanical force for mold clamping.

A kind of air spring forming method provided by the invention, the steps are as follows:

Round-up stage: the cylindrical rubber bladder in a plastic state is placed on the forming drum, and the forming drum is expanded into a trumpet shape to expand the rubber bladder into a trumpet shape;

Inserting stage: use the inserting device to insert the gap after the outer expansion of the forming drum;

Retraction stage: the inserting device is removed, and the forming drum returns to the original cylindrical shape;

Component replacement stage: Use the threaded support assembly to support the small-diameter end of the rubber bag, remove the forming drum, and extend the support sleeve from the large-diameter end of the rubber bag. The end of the support sleeve fixes the small-diameter end of the rubber bag. Install the inflatable inner bag and the second forming module on the large-diameter end, install the forming module 1 on the small-diameter end of the rubber bag, and remove the threaded support assembly;

Inflatable forming stage: Push the forming module 1 to make the forming module 1 and the forming module 2 fasten together. During the pushing process, the rubber air bag is inflated and the support sleeve is gradually removed, so that the rubber air bag is inflated into a swimming ring shape. After the molding is completed, after the rubber bag body is cooled, the inflatable inner bag, the first forming module and the second forming module are removed.

As a further optimization of the present invention, a mandrel assembly is included, the mandrel assembly includes a mandrel and a slider, the slider is in the shape of a starfish, and the center of the slider is fixed to the mandrel;

The forming drum includes a guide sliding body, a long tile, a tile connecting rod, a thrust bearing sleeve, a hand wheel nut sleeve, a thrust bearing, an umbrella-shaped support frame 1, and an umbrella-shaped support frame 2;

The guide sliding body is evenly distributed around the axis of the mandrel. The end of the slider bears against the inner surface of the guide sliding body. The inner surface of the guide sliding body is provided with a slope. The body moves radially along the mandrel;

One end of the long tile is hinged to the left end of the outer surface of the guide slider, and the other end of the long tile is hinged to one end of the tile connecting rod;

The right side of the mandrel is sleeved with a thrust bearing sleeve and a handwheel nut sleeve in turn; the mandrel is provided with a thread, and the handwheel nut sleeve is engaged with the thread; the thrust bearing sleeve and the handwheel nut sleeve are connected through the thrust bearing, and the handwheel nut sleeve is rotated. It can push the thrust bearing sleeve to slide back and forth; the thrust bearing sleeve is provided with protrusion 1 and protrusion 2 from left to right;

Umbrella-shaped support frame 1 and umbrella-shaped support frame 2 are both "V"-shaped, and the corners of umbrella-shaped support frame 1 and umbrella-shaped support frame 2 are hinged on the guide sliding body; one end of the umbrella-shaped support frame is against the long tile, The other end of the umbrella-shaped support frame 1 bears against the projection 1;

As a further optimization of the present invention, the mandrel assembly is removed between the second step of installing the molding module and the first step of installing the molding module in the component replacement stage.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the end of the sliding block can move the guide sliding body radially by 5 cm along the mandrel by slicing the slope.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the caulking device includes a caulking spacer and a caulking component; the center of the caulking spacer is fixed on the right side of the mandrel, the caulking component is fixed on the end of the caulking It is used to interpolate the gap after the long tile is stretched.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the threaded support assembly includes a "Y" shape composed of three support rods, and the included angle of two adjacent support rods is 120°.

As a further optimization of the present invention, the second molding module is provided with a semi-arc surface; the first molding module includes an outer molding die and an inner molding die; the inner molding die is provided with an "er"-shaped outer curved surface, and the outer molding die is provided semi-curved surface;

When the forming module 1 and the forming module 2 are fastened together, the semi-arc surface of the outer forming die, the semi-arc surface of the forming module 2 and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die form a swimming ring shape.

The air spring forming die according to claim 7, further comprising a push rod, a lock push cover and a push plate; the push rod is connected to the lock push cover, the lock push cover is connected to the push plate, and the push plate is connected to the outer forming die and the push plate. Internal mold.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The device is multi-purpose: the device only needs to replace some components, that is, it can complete the two operations of expanding and inflating, without moving the rubber bladder.

Simple operation: when the forming drum is used for the rounding operation, the device only needs to be placed on the lathe, the mandrel assembly and the mandrel in it only need to be connected to the lathe from both ends, and the axial feeding of the lathe can realize the operation of the forming drum . In the case of inflatable molding, the mold can be pushed by manually turning the push rod, and the mold clamping operation can be realized without relying on mechanical force.

The method and device are simple, reasonable in configuration, and easy to install.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the initial figure of the present invention's expanding circle stage;

Fig. 2 is the forming figure of the present invention's expansion stage;

Figure 3 is a combined view of the component replacement stage and the inflation molding stage of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first forming module and the second forming module according to the present invention after they are buckled;

Fig. 5 is the final finished product figure of the present invention;

Among them, the mandrel assembly 1, the mandrel 11, the slider 12, the guide slider 21, the long tile 22, the tile connecting rod 23, the thrust bearing sleeve 24, the protrusion one 241, the protrusion two 242, the handwheel nut sleeve 25, thrust bearing 26, umbrella-shaped support frame one 27, umbrella-shaped support frame two 28, rubber bag 3, caulking device 4, caulking positioning frame 41, caulking assembly 42, thread support assembly 5, strut 51, The inner molding die 61 , the outer molding die 62 , the inflatable inner bag 71 , the second molding module 72 , the push rod 81 , the lock push cover 82 , the push plate 83 , and the support sleeve 9 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-4, the present embodiment provides a method for forming an air spring. The steps specifically include a rounding stage, a fitting stage, a retracting stage, a component replacement stage, and an inflation molding stage.

First, the rubber capsule body 3 is heated to a plastic state, cleaned with ethyl acetate, and the surface is brushed with a tackifier.

In the expansion stage, the cylindrical rubber bladder 3 in the plastic state is placed on the forming drum which is also cylindrical in the initial state, and then the forming drum is driven to expand outward in a trumpet shape, and the cylindrical rubber bladder 3 is expanded into a trumpet shape.

In the caulking stage, the caulking device 4 is used to caulk the gap existing after the forming drum trumpet is expanded outwards, so as to prevent the rubber capsule 3 from collapsing inward along the gap, so that the final shape of the rubber capsule 3 is kept smooth.

After the caulking stage, it enters the retracting stage. In the retracting stage, the caulking device 4 is withdrawn, and then the trumpet-shaped forming drum is restored to its original cylindrical shape to prepare for the component replacement stage.

The component replacement stage is used to remove the equipment in the rounding stage and replace it with new equipment to prepare for the subsequent inflatable forming stage. At this stage, the threaded support assembly 5 is used to support the small-diameter end of the rubber bag body 3, and then the forming drum is removed, and the large-diameter end of the rubber bag body 3 is extended into the support sleeve 9, and the end of the support sleeve 9 fixes the small diameter of the rubber bag body 3. On the caliber end, an inflatable inner bag 71 and a second molding module 72 are installed on the large-diameter end of the rubber bladder 3, and the support sleeve 9 and the inflatable inner bag abut against the rubber bladder 3 to prevent it from collapsing inward. Then, install the molding module 1 on the small-diameter end of the trumpet-shaped rubber bladder 3, and finally remove the threaded support assembly 5.

The last stage is the inflation molding stage. This stage pushes the molding module 1 so that the molding module 1 and the molding module 2 are fastened together. At the same time, the rubber airbag is inflated during the pushing process, and the support sleeve 9 is gradually pushed out. The support sleeve 9 has been supporting and restraining the inflatable inner bag 71 to complete the molding. The forming module 1 and forming module 2 can be snapped together at this stage without relying on mechanical force.

This embodiment also provides the specific structure of the apparatus used in the above steps.

In this embodiment, a mandrel assembly 1 is included. The mandrel assembly 1 includes a mandrel 11 and a slider 12. The slider 12 is in the shape of a starfish. The center of the slider 12 is fixed to the mandrel 11, and the mandrel 11 can move in the axial direction. Drive the slider 12 to move together.

In the case where there is a mandrel assembly 1, the mandrel assembly 1 is replaced in the component replacement stage. Before installing the molding module one on the end.

The forming drum in this embodiment includes a guide sliding body 21, a long tile 22, a tile connecting rod 23, a thrust bearing sleeve 24, a handwheel nut sleeve 25, a thrust bearing 26, an umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and an umbrella-shaped support frame 228.

A plurality of guide slides 21 are evenly distributed around the axis of the mandrel 11, each end of the starfish-shaped slide block 12 stands against each guide slide 21, and the inner surface of the guide slide 21 is provided with a section of slope. The movement of 11 to the right can drive the end of the slider 12 to cross the slope, so that the guide slider 21 moves radially along the mandrel 11 . If further optimized, the end of the sliding block 12 can move the guide sliding body 21 radially by 5 cm along the mandrel 11 by slicing the slope.

The long tile 22 also has a number of pieces, and the specific number is equivalent to the guide slider 21. The function of the long tile 22 is to support the cylindrical rubber into a trumpet shape. Therefore, one end of the long tile 22 is hinged to the outer surface of the guide slider 21. The left end of the long tile 22 is hinged to one end of the tile link 23 . It should be noted that, the left and right mentioned in this application are all referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIG. 3 .

The thrust bearing sleeve 24 and the handwheel nut sleeve 25 are arranged on the right side of the mandrel 11 , and the thrust bearing sleeve 24 is arranged on the left side of the handwheel nut sleeve 25 . There is a section of external thread on the mandrel 11 , and the thread is engaged with the internal thread of the handwheel nut sleeve 25 , and the thrust bearing sleeve 24 can slide back and forth on the mandrel 11 . The thrust bearing sleeve 24 and the handwheel nut sleeve 25 are connected by the thrust bearing.

The thrust bearing sleeve 24 is respectively provided with a first protrusion 241 and a second protrusion 242 from left to right. Umbrella-shaped support frame 1 27 and umbrella-shaped support frame 2 28 are both “V”-shaped. One end of the umbrella-shaped support frame 22 bears against the long tile 22, the other end of the umbrella-shaped support frame 27 bears against the protrusion-1 241, one end of the umbrella-shaped support frame 28 bears against the tile connecting rod 23, and the other end of the umbrella-shaped support frame 28 bears against the tile connecting rod 23. Withstand the bump two 242.

Since the rubber bladder 3 in the initial state is cylindrical, in this embodiment, grooves are provided on the outer surface of the guide slider 21 for burying the long tiles 22 and the tile connecting rods 23. When the long tiles 22 and the When the tile connecting rod 23 is in a tightened state, the outer surface of the guide sliding body 21 , the long tile 22 and the tile connecting rod 23 forms a cylindrical surface. Of course, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this way of arranging the grooves.

The working principle of the forming drum is as follows:

Rotate the handwheel nut sleeve 25 to push the handwheel nut sleeve 25 from right to left. Under the action of the thrust bearing 26, the thrust bearing sleeve 24 moves from right to left, and the thrust bearing sleeve 24 protrudes a 241 during the movement process. And the protrusion two 242 pushes the umbrella-shaped support frame one 27 and the umbrella-shaped support frame two 28 to rotate around the hinge axis of the corner, and then makes the umbrella-shaped support frame one 27 and the umbrella-shaped support frame two 28 to lift the long tiles 22 and 28 respectively. The tile connecting rod 23 finally realizes the transformation from the state of FIG. 1 to the state of FIG. 2 , that is, the forming drum has a cylindrical shape and is opened into a trumpet shape.

The caulking device 4 in this embodiment includes a caulking positioning frame 41 and a caulking assembly 42 . The center of the caulking positioning frame 41 is fixed on the right side of the mandrel 11. The caulking positioning frame 41 is used for positioning the caulking component 42 to ensure the accurate positioning of the caulking. The end of the spacer 41 . Since several long tiles 22 are opened into a trumpet shape, there is a gap between the long tiles and the long tiles. The insert component 42 is used to interpolate the gaps after the long tiles 22 are opened to prevent the rubber capsule body. 3 Collapse along the gap. Therefore, the shape and number of the inserting components 42 should correspond to the shape and number of the slits, which will not be repeated here.

The threaded support assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a "Y" shape composed of three support rods 51 , and the included angle between two adjacent support rods 51 is 120°. The support rod 51 is composed of a screw rod and a support sleeve, the screw rod and the support sleeve are threadedly connected, and the length can be adjusted freely.

The second forming module of this embodiment is provided with a semi-arc surface. The first molding module includes an outer molding die 62 and an inner molding die 61. The inner molding die 61 is provided with an outer arc surface in the shape of an "er", and the outer molding die 62 is provided with a semi-curved surface. When the forming module 1 and the forming module 2 are fastened together, the semi-arc surface of the forming module 2, the semi-arc surface of the forming module 2 72 and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die 61 form a swimming ring shape.

Preferably, it also includes a push rod 81 , a lock push cover 82 and a push plate 83 . The push rod 81 is connected to the lock push cover 82 , the lock push cover 82 is connected to the push plate 83 , and the push plate 83 is connected to the outer mold 62 and the inner mold 61 . The push rod 81 is pushed forward to make the lock push cover 82 push the push plate 83. The push rod 8 can be pushed forward by means of a ball screw, and the push plate 83 pushes the outer molding die 62 and the inner molding die 61 until the push rod 8 is pushed forward. Module two snaps together. During the process of the push plate 83 and the molding module moving to the right along the axis, the inflatable inner bag 71 is inflated to ensure that the inflatable inner bag 71 is filled with air while the mold is closed, so that the rubber bag body 3 completely fits the inner wall of the mold. Inflatable molding.

After the rubber bag body 3 is cooled, the inflatable inner bag 71, the first forming module and the second forming module are removed. Made of air spring.

It should also be noted that the lower half of FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of the component replacement stage, and the upper half of FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of the inflatable forming stage.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that , the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An air spring forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a circle expanding stage: arranging the cylindrical rubber bag body in a plastic state on a forming drum, and expanding the forming drum into a horn shape to expand the rubber bag body into the horn shape;

and (3) embedding and repairing: embedding and repairing the gap after the forming drum is expanded by using an embedding and repairing device;

a retraction stage: removing the embedding device, and restoring the forming drum to an initial cylindrical shape;

a component replacement stage: supporting the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the thread support assembly, removing the forming drum, extending the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body into the support sleeve, fixing the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the end head of the support sleeve, installing an inflatable inner bag and a forming module II at the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, installing the forming module I at the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, and removing the thread support assembly;

and (3) inflation molding stage: and pushing the first forming module to enable the first forming module and the second forming module to be buckled, simultaneously inflating the rubber air bag and gradually pushing out the supporting sleeve in the pushing process to enable the rubber air bag body to be inflated into a swimming ring shape, completing forming, and removing the inflated inner bag, the first forming module and the second forming module after the rubber air bag body is cooled.

2. The air spring forming method according to claim 1, wherein the air spring forming method comprises the steps that the mandrel assembly comprises a mandrel and a sliding block, the sliding block is in a star shape, and the center of the sliding block is fixed with the mandrel;

the forming drum comprises a slide guide body, a long tile, a tile connecting rod, a thrust bearing sleeve, a hand wheel nut sleeve, a thrust bearing, an umbrella-shaped support frame I and an umbrella-shaped support frame II;

the sliding guide bodies are uniformly distributed around the axis direction of the mandrel, the end heads of the sliding blocks prop against the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies, the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies is provided with a slope, and the mandrel moves rightwards to drive the end heads of the sliding blocks to cross the slope, so that the sliding guide bodies move along the radial direction of the mandrel;

one end of the long tile is hinged with the left end of the outer surface of the slide guide body, and the other end of the long tile is hinged with one end of the tile connecting rod;

a thrust bearing sleeve and a hand wheel nut sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the right side of the mandrel; the mandrel is provided with a section of thread, and the hand wheel nut sleeve is meshed with the thread; the thrust bearing sleeve and the hand wheel nut sleeve are connected through a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing sleeve can be pushed to slide back and forth by rotating the hand wheel nut sleeve; the thrust bearing sleeve is provided with a first bulge and a second bulge from left to right respectively;

the corners of the umbrella-shaped support frame I and the umbrella-shaped support frame II are hinged to the sliding guide body; one end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the long tile, and the other end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the first bulge; one end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the tile connecting rod, and the other end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the second bulge.

3. The air spring forming mold of claim 2, wherein the mandrel assembly is removed between the step of installing the forming die set in the assembly replacement stage and the step of installing the forming die set.

4. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the end of the slider slides across the ramp to move the slider 5cm radially along the mandrel.

5. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the insertion device comprises an insertion positioning frame and an insertion assembly; the center of the embedding and repairing locating frame is fixed on the right side of the mandrel, the embedding and repairing assembly is fixed at the end of the embedding and repairing locating frame, and the embedding and repairing assembly is used for interpolating gaps formed after the long tiles are spread.

6. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the threaded brace assembly comprises a "Y" shape formed by three braces, and an included angle between two adjacent braces is 120 °.

7. The air spring forming die of claim 1, wherein the forming die set II is provided with a semi-arc surface; the first molding module comprises an outer molding die and an inner molding die; the inner forming die is provided with a 'er' -shaped outer arc surface, and the outer forming die is provided with a semi-arc surface;

when the first forming module and the second forming module are buckled, the semi-arc surface of the outer forming die, the semi-arc surface of the second forming module and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die form a swimming ring shape.

8. The air spring forming die of claim 7, further comprising a push rod, a lock push cover and a push plate; the push rod is connected with a lock push cover, the lock push cover is connected with a push disc, and the push disc is connected with the outer forming die and the inner forming die.

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