CN111567160A - A wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheel track processing mechanism for a tillage and seeding machine, which comprises a main support, an auger support, an auger shaft, an auger assembly and a power unit; the auger support is rotatably installed at the front end of the main support, And its pitch angle relative to the main support can be adjusted by an adjustment mechanism; the auger shaft is rotatably installed on the auger support, and its rotation is driven by the power unit; the auger assembly is installed on the on the auger shaft. The wheel rut treatment mechanism for tillage and seeding machinery of the present invention is provided with an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the pitch angle of the auger support relative to the main support, so that the depth of soil penetration of the screw part on the auger assembly can be adjusted, so that it can be adjusted according to soils with different degrees of softness. The depth of soil penetration of the helical part can meet the requirements for the volume of regolith for the treatment of wheel ruts and ensure the quality of wheel rut treatment.

Description

A wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery.

Background technique

Agricultural tillage and sowing machinery is the foundation of modern agriculture. It can perform automated seeding, fertilization and other operations, greatly improving the efficiency of tillage and sowing. In the process of sowing and fertilization, it is necessary to open seed grooves and fertilizer grooves on the land so that seeds or fertilizers can be sown into the seed grooves and fertilizer grooves, so that the seeds can be planted in the soil and the fertilizers are not easily lost. Slots and soil leveling are an indispensable step in the process of seeding or fertilizing operations performed by agricultural tillage and sowing machines. The main purpose of soil leveling is to treat the uneven surface to make it level, so that continuous seed troughs or fertilizer troughs can be opened. To facilitate sowing and fertilizing.

Existing agricultural tillage and seeding machinery is generally carried out by traction machinery such as tractors, and the tractor will produce deep ruts during the forward process, which are not conducive to seeding and fertilizing operations. During the operation, the agricultural tillage and seeding machinery needs to deal with the ruts in time to ensure the quality of the subsequent grooving, sowing and fertilization operations. In the existing agricultural tillage and sowing machines, the soil leveling mechanism cannot use soils with different degrees of softness, and the treatment quality of wheel ruts is unstable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a wheel track treatment mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery that can adapt to different soils and ensure treatment quality.

Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above purpose, the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery of the present invention includes a main support, an auger support, an auger shaft, an auger assembly and a power unit; the auger support is rotatably installed on the The front end of the main bracket, and its pitch angle relative to the main bracket can be adjusted by an adjustment mechanism; the auger shaft is rotatably mounted on the auger bracket, and its rotation is driven by the power unit; the auger shaft The assembly is mounted on the auger shaft.

Further, the adjustment mechanism includes a handle seat, an adjustment handle and a screw sleeve swivel; the handle seat is rotatably mounted on the main bracket, the adjustment handle is rotatably mounted on the handle seat, and the adjustment handle A screw part is provided; the screw sleeve rotating joint is rotatably mounted on the auger support; the screw part and the screw sleeve rotating joint are matched in a thread pair.

Further, two sets of the auger assemblies are symmetrically installed on the auger shaft, and each group of the auger assemblies can adjust the axial position relative to the auger shaft.

Further, the auger assembly includes two symmetrically arranged spiral parts, and the spiral directions of the two spiral parts are opposite.

Further, the auger shaft is provided with a square shaft section corresponding to each of the auger assemblies, and the auger assembly includes a middle tube portion, and the middle tube portion is sleeved on the square shaft section, and A tightening screw for tightening the outer wall of the square shaft section is installed on the middle pipe portion.

Further, the middle tube portion includes a round tube portion, and both ends of the round tube portion are each fixed with an end plate with a square hole in the center; the square hole in the middle portion of the end plate is slidably fitted with the square shaft section.

Further, the power unit includes a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor is connected to a proportional valve through an oil pipe, and the proportional valve is connected to a pressure oil source through an oil pipe.

Further, a traction bracket is also included, and the main bracket is connected to the traction bracket through a floating structure.

Beneficial effects: The wheel track processing mechanism for the tillage and sowing machine of the present invention is provided with an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the pitch angle of the auger support relative to the main support, so that the depth of soil penetration of the screw part on the auger assembly can be adjusted, so that it can be adjusted according to different degrees of softness. The soil depth of the screw is adjusted to meet the needs of the regolith volume for the treatment of the wheel rut, and to ensure the quality of the wheel rut treatment.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure diagram of the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery of the first embodiment;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the bottom view of the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery of the first embodiment;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the enlarged structure diagram of A part in accompanying drawing 1;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structure diagram of auger assembly;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structure diagram of the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery of the second embodiment;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the sectional view of the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and sowing machinery of the second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the softness detection device.

In the figure: 1- auger support; 2- auger shaft; 21- square shaft segment; 22- first shaft segment; 23- second shaft segment; 3- auger assembly; 31- screw part; 32- middle pipe 321-round pipe part; 322-end plate; 33-top screw; 4-power unit; 41-hydraulic motor; 42-proportional valve; 5-adjustment mechanism; 51-handle seat; 52-adjustment handle; 53 -screw sleeve swivel; 6-traction bracket; 7-main bracket; 8-floating structure; 81-first link; 82-second link; 83-third link; 84-fourth link; 85 -Transition rod; 86-rotating shaft; 87-tension spring; 88-elastic connector; 881-spring cylinder; 882-tie rod; 883-compression spring; 9-softness detection device; 91-device frame; 92-thrust plate; 93 - elastic shock absorber; 94 - displacement sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the wheel track processing mechanism for tillage and seeding machinery includes an auger support 1 , an auger shaft 2 , an auger assembly 3 and a power unit 4 .

The auger shaft 2 is rotatably installed relative to the auger support 1 , and its rotation is driven by the power unit 4 . The power unit 4 includes a hydraulic motor 41, the hydraulic motor 41 is connected to a proportional valve 42 through an oil pipe, the proportional valve 42 is connected to a pressure oil source through an oil pipe, and the pressure oil source includes an oil cylinder and an oil pump. Compared with the traditional motor, the hydraulic motor 41 is more resistant to harsh environments, and is suitable for the occasion of farming and sowing, with high reliability and low failure rate. The operating speed of the hydraulic motor 41 can be adjusted by the proportional valve 42 .

The auger support 1 is provided with three rotating support structures, and the three rotating support structures support the two ends and the center of the auger shaft 2 respectively. The above-mentioned rotating support structure is provided with bearings, so that not only the auger shaft 2 can rotate smoothly relative to the auger support 1, but also the auger shaft 2 is effectively supported, and it will not be bent due to being too long.

Two sets of auger assemblies 3 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the auger shaft 2, and the two groups of auger assemblies 3 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating support structure in the middle. As shown in FIG. 2, each auger assembly 3 includes two symmetrically arranged helical parts 31, and the helical directions of the two helical parts 31 are opposite; there is a certain interval between the two helical parts 31; The position of the auger assembly 3 can be adjusted in the length direction of the auger shaft 2 .

In the above structure, the two groups of auger assemblies 3 are respectively used to deal with two wheel tracks generated by traction machinery such as tractors. For the same auger assembly 3, the interval between the two helical parts 31 is made to face the wheel of the traction machine when in use, so that the track pressed by the wheel of the traction machine is located between the two helical parts 31, because the two helical parts The spiral direction of the 31 is opposite. When the auger shaft 2 rotates, the two spiral parts 31 can push the floating soil on the surface of the ground from the left and right sides respectively and gather the floating soil between the two spiral parts 31 to fill the wheel tracks. The two-way pushing of the topsoil effectively increases the volume of the topsoil input per unit time, which can effectively fill in the ruts. In addition, when the screw part 31 pushes the floating soil movement, it is equivalent to scraping the ground surface once, which can play the role of preliminary leveling the ground. Since the position of the auger assembly 3 can be adjusted in the length direction of the auger shaft 2, when different types of traction machines are pulling agricultural tillage machinery, the positions of the two auger assemblies 3 can be adjusted in advance according to the wheelbase of the traction machine. Adjustment is made so that the middle of the auger assembly 3 is aligned with the wheel track to achieve the best treatment effect, which can greatly improve the treatment effect of the wheel track, so that the auger structure can be adapted to different types of traction machines.

Preferably, the auger shaft 2 is provided with a square shaft section 21 corresponding to each of the auger assemblies 3, and the auger assembly 3 includes a middle pipe portion 32, and the middle pipe portion 32 is sleeved on the The square shaft section 21 and the middle tube portion 32 are provided with a pressing screw 33 for pressing the outer wall of the square shaft section 21 . When it is necessary to adjust the position of the auger assembly 3, it is only necessary to loosen the top tightening screw 33 and move the auger assembly 3. After adjusting the position, tighten the top tightening screw 33 so that the end of the auger assembly is against the square shaft section 21, which is convenient for adjustment. The structure is simple and the realization cost is low.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the middle pipe portion 32 includes a circular pipe portion 321 , and an end plate 322 with a square hole in the center is fixed at both ends of the circular pipe portion 321 ; The square hole is slidably matched with the square shaft section 21 , so that the middle tube portion 32 does not need to be provided with a square hole penetrating the entirety thereof, and only the square holes on the two end plates 322 can be used to guide and transmit torque.

In addition, the auger shaft 2 is composed of two shafts, a first shaft section 22 and a second shaft section 23, the two shafts are connected in a transmission, and the two shafts are respectively placed on both sides of the rotating support structure in the middle. Both the shaft section 22 and the second shaft section 23 are provided with a square shaft section 21, and the two auger assemblies 3 are respectively mounted on the two shafts. In this way, the difficulty of processing and assembling the auger shaft 2 can be reduced.

In a further embodiment, since soils have different degrees of softness, for soils with different degrees of softness, it is necessary to adjust the depth of soil penetration of the screw portion 31 to achieve a better treatment effect. Therefore, the auger structure further includes a main bracket 7 , the auger bracket 1 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the main bracket 7 , and the pitch angle of the auger bracket 1 relative to the main bracket 7 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 5 adjust.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , a handle base 51 is rotatably installed on the main bracket 7 , and an adjustment handle 52 is rotatably installed on the handle base 51 , and the adjustment handle 52 has a screw portion; the auger support A screw sleeve swivel 53 is rotatably installed on the top 1, and the screw portion and the threaded sleeve swivel 53 are matched in a thread pair. Through this structure, by shaking the adjustment handle 52, the screw portion can be rotated, so that the screw sleeve rotating joint 53 is close to or away from the tail of the adjustment handle 52, so as to realize the adjustment of the pitch angle of the auger support 1. When the ground is softer, the ruts pressed out by the tractor are deeper, and more floating soil is needed. The lower the auger support 1 needs to be adjusted, the deeper the depth of the screw part 31 is; on the contrary, when the ground is harder, the tractor presses out The shallower the rut of the auger, the less floating soil is needed, and the higher the auger support 1 needs to be adjusted, the shallower the depth of the screw portion 31 is.

In a further embodiment, since the tractor has a relatively large bump when it moves on uneven ground, if the main bracket 7 is rigidly connected to the tractor directly, one end of the auger bracket 1 will be lifted, so that the auger Component 3 also cannot fully act on the ground. In order to avoid the above situation, in the preferred second embodiment, as shown in Figures 5-6, the auger mechanism further includes a traction bracket 6, the main bracket 7 is connected to the traction bracket 6 through a floating structure 8, and the traction The bracket 6 is connected to a traction machine such as a tractor. The floating structure 8 includes a four-bar linkage mechanism, an elastic connector 88 and a tension spring 87 . The four-link mechanism includes a first link 81 , a second link 82 , a third link 83 and a fourth link 84 , and the four-link mechanism is a parallelogram link structure. The third connecting rod 83 is fixed on the traction bracket 6 ; the first connecting rod 81 and the second connecting rod 82 are arranged in parallel, and both ends of the two connecting rods are rotatably connected to the third connecting rod 83 and the fourth connecting rod 84 respectively. The elastic connector 88 is installed between the first link 81 and the traction bracket 6 so that the first link 81 has a tendency to swing downward. A transition rod 85 is fixedly connected to the fourth link 84 . The middle of the main bracket 7 is hinged to the transition rod 85 through a rotating shaft 86 , and several pairs of tension springs 87 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft 86 .

Through the above structure, the transition rod 85 can be elastically floated up and down on the rear side of the traction bracket 6 , and the main bracket 7 can be elastically swung left and right relative to the transition rod 85 . In this way, the main bracket 7 can elastically float up and down and elastically swing left and right relative to the traction bracket 6. The elastic force of the elastic connector 88 and the tension spring 87 enables the main bracket 7 to adjust its position and posture according to the terrain, filter out the bumpy vibration of the traction machine, and ensure the agitation. The dragon assembly 3 and other components installed on the main support 7 (such as a leveling plate, a groover, a discharge pipe, etc., not shown in the figure) act on the ground at all times.

The above-mentioned elastic connector 88 includes a spring barrel 881 and a pull rod 882 ; A compression spring 883 is arranged between the spring cylinder 881 and the pull rod 882. The compression spring 883 makes the pull rod 882 have a tendency to retract into the spring cylinder 881; 6 and the main bracket 7.

Preferably, the traction bracket 6 is connected to the traction machine through a three-point suspension device, and the three-point suspension device is driven by a hydraulic lift cylinder to lift relative to the traction machine, so that the hydraulic lift cylinder can adjust the lifting and lowering of the traction bracket 6, because the main bracket 7 and its The self-weight relationship of the components installed on it, when the traction bracket 6 rises and falls within a certain range, the main bracket 7 will not rise and fall with it. At this time, when the traction bracket 6 is lifted by the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the deformation of the four-bar linkage makes the pull rod 882 and the spring cylinder 881 have a relative displacement, the pre-compression of the compression spring 883 becomes larger, and the rigidity of the compression spring 883 becomes larger, so the up and down floating range of the transition rod 85 and the main bracket 7 becomes smaller; when the traction bracket 6 is hydraulically lifted The lowering of the oil cylinder, the deformation of the four-bar linkage mechanism causes the relative displacement of the tie rod 882 and the spring cylinder 881, the pre-compression of the compression spring 883 becomes smaller, and the rigidity of the compression spring 883 becomes smaller, so that the up and down floating range of the transition rod 85 and the main bracket 7 changes. big. In this way, the pre-compression amount of the compression spring 883 is adjusted by the hydraulic lifting cylinder to adjust the floating range of the up and down movement of the main support 7 so that the main support 7 can adapt to soils with different softness. When the soil is softer, the hydraulic lift cylinder lowers the traction bracket 6; when the soil is harder, the hydraulic lift cylinder lifts the traction bracket 6 higher.

Since adjusting the elastic floating range of the main support 7 needs to rely on the user's experience to achieve better results, in order to reduce the influence of the user's experience on the quality of the wheel track processing, an automatic adjustment unit can be set to automatically adjust the elastic floating range of the main support 7. Specifically, the automatic adjustment unit includes a controller, the controller is connected to the hydraulic lift cylinder for control, the controller can control the lifting amount of the hydraulic lift cylinder, and the controller is also connected to a softness detection device for detecting the softness of the soil 9; the softness detection device 9 is installed on the traction main engine, and the softness detection device 9 is installed on the side of the wheel of the traction main engine; as shown in FIG. 7, the softness detection device 9 includes a device frame 91 and a stopper. The thrust plate 92 is always in contact with the ground. An elastic shock absorber 93 and a displacement sensor 94 are arranged between the device frame 91 and the thrust plate 92, and the displacement sensor 94 is connected to the controller. Through the above-mentioned softness detection device 9, when a traction main engine such as a tractor is moving in the field, since the tractor is heavy, the depth of the rut pressed by the tractor can be detected as a measurement index of the softness of the soil. The device 9 is arranged on the side of the wheel of the traction host, and the thrust plate 92 can directly press the ground beside the wheel, so that the track depth can be accurately measured. Due to the pressure of the elastic shock absorber 93, the thrust plate 92 can play a The effect of compacting the floating soil makes the measured rut depth more reference. Since the tractor may be skewed in the left and right directions, a set of softness detection devices 9 can be installed next to the left and right wheels of the tractor, and the controller will collect the obtained The values of the two displacement sensors 94 are averaged to obtain the average wheel track depth, and the controller can obtain the soil softness according to the preset corresponding relationship curve between the average wheel track depth and the soil softness, and according to the preset soil softness and soil softness The displacement relationship curve of the hydraulic lifting cylinder can obtain the target displacement of the hydraulic lifting cylinder, and then drive the hydraulic lifting cylinder to operate according to the target displacement to realize the adjustment of the elastic floating range of the main support 7 . Preferably, in the above-mentioned softness detection device 9 , there are two groups of elastic shock absorbers 93 , the two groups of elastic shock absorbers 93 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the thrust plate 92 , and the displacement sensor 94 is placed in the middle of the thrust plate 92 .

Similarly, the pre-stretching amount of the tension spring 87 can be adjusted to adjust the left-right swinging amplitude of the main bracket 7 .

The wheel rut treatment mechanism for tillage and seeding machinery of the present invention is provided with an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the pitch angle of the auger support relative to the main support, so that the depth of soil penetration of the screw part on the auger assembly can be adjusted, so that it can be adjusted according to soils with different degrees of softness The depth of soil penetration of the helical part can meet the requirements for the volume of regolith for the treatment of wheel ruts and ensure the quality of wheel rut treatment.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A wheel track processing mechanism for a cultivation machine is characterized by comprising a main support (7), an auger support (1), an auger shaft (2), an auger assembly (3) and a power unit (4); the auger support (1) is rotatably arranged at the front end of the main support (7), and the pitch angle of the auger support relative to the main support (7) can be adjusted by an adjusting mechanism (5); the auger shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on the auger support (1), and the rotation of the auger shaft is driven by the power unit (4); the auger assembly (3) is mounted on the auger shaft (2).

2. The rut treatment mechanism for a tilling and sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism (5) comprises a handle seat (51), an adjustment handle (52) and a swivel nut (53); the handle seat (51) is rotatably arranged on the main bracket (7), the adjusting handle (52) is rotatably arranged on the handle seat (51), and the adjusting handle (52) is provided with a screw rod part; the screw sleeve rotating joint (53) is rotatably arranged on the screw conveyor bracket (1); the screw rod part is in thread pair fit with the threaded sleeve rotating joint (53).

3. The rut treatment mechanism for tilling and sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein two sets of auger assemblies (3) are symmetrically mounted on the auger shaft (2), and each set of auger assemblies (3) is adjustable in axial position relative to the auger shaft (2).

4. The rut treatment mechanism for tilling and sowing machine according to claim 3, wherein the auger assembly (3) comprises two symmetrically arranged spiral parts (31), and the spiral directions of the two spiral parts (31) are opposite.

5. The rut processing mechanism for the cultivation machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the auger shaft (2) is provided with a square shaft section (21) corresponding to each auger assembly (3), the auger assembly (3) comprises a middle pipe portion (32), the middle pipe portion (32) is sleeved on the square shaft section (21), and a tightening screw (33) for tightening the outer wall of the square shaft section (21) is installed on the middle pipe portion (32).

6. The rut treatment mechanism for the agricultural machinery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the middle tube part (32) comprises a round tube part (321), and end plates (322) with a square hole at the center are fixed at both ends of the round tube part (321); and a square hole in the middle of the end plate (322) is in sliding fit with the square shaft section (21).

7. A rut treatment mechanism for a tilling and sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the power unit (4) comprises a hydraulic motor (41), the hydraulic motor (41) being connected to a proportional valve (42) via an oil line, the proportional valve (42) being connected to a pressure oil source via an oil line.

8. A rut treatment mechanism for a tilling and seeding machine according to claim 1, further comprising a traction bracket (6), wherein the main bracket (7) is connected to the traction bracket (6) by a floating structure.

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