CN111566264A - Electrostatic spinning apparatus and electrostatic spinning method - Google Patents
Electrostatic spinning apparatus and electrostatic spinning method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111566264A CN111566264A CN201880069347.8A CN201880069347A CN111566264A CN 111566264 A CN111566264 A CN 111566264A CN 201880069347 A CN201880069347 A CN 201880069347A CN 111566264 A CN111566264 A CN 111566264A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- electrospinning
- collecting
- electrospinning device
- forming layer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F13/00—Recovery of starting material, waste material or solvents during the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrospinning device (1), in particular for producing fibrous material, comprising: a compartment (3) comprising at least one chamber (5) adapted to contain a substance to be formed into a fiber, said at least one chamber (5) being charged with a chamber potential; -collecting means (7) adapted to collect the fibres from the at least one chamber (5), the collecting means (7) being charged at a ground potential different from the chamber potential, whereby an electric field is established between the at least one chamber (5) and the collecting means (7). According to the invention, the at least one chamber (5) comprises a forming layer (9), the forming layer (9) comprising a plurality of holes (90), the substance being extruded through the holes (90) to form the fibres.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an electrospinning device, in particular for producing fibrous material, and to an electrospinning method using said electrospinning device.
Background
Today, there is a great interest in developing materials based on ultra-fine fibers, more preferably based on nanofibers, which can be used in different fields, such as the medical, textile and military industries. With the increased ability to manufacture and control the chemical and physical properties of nanofibers, many potential applications for nanofibers are being developed.
Electrospinning or electro-spinning is a fiber production method that uses electricity to draw charged filaments of polymer solutions or polymer melts to nanometer-scale fiber diameters. Electrospinning has the electrospray and conventional dry spinning characteristics of fibers.
In particular, electrospinning is an atomization process of a conductive fluid (e.g., a polymer sub-concentrated solution or a polymer melt) that utilizes the interaction between an electric field and the conductive fluid.
When an external electrostatic field is applied to the conductive fluid, a suspended conical droplet is formed, whereby the surface tension of the droplet is balanced with the electric field. Electrostatic atomization occurs when the electrostatic field is strong enough to overcome the surface tension of the liquid. The droplets then become unstable and tiny jets of fluid emerge from the surface of the droplets in the form of fibers. When the material reaches the grounded target, it can be collected as an interconnected web containing fine fibers.
The basic electrospinning apparatus generates an electric field that directs the polymer solution or melt extruded from the needle or nozzle tip toward an opposing collecting electrode. A container connected to the needle or nozzle stores a polymer solution. An electric field is formed between the needle or nozzle tip and the collecting electrode. Such an electric field will drive the polymer solution from the tip of the needle towards the collecting electrode. The polymer solution dries during the movement from the needle to the collecting electrode, forming polymer fibers. The fibers are then collected downstream of the electrode where they may form a film or membrane.
A variety of polymers can be used for electrospinning, for example, nylons, fluoropolymers, polyolefins, polyimides, polyesters, and other engineering polymers or polymers that form textiles.
Currently, to expand the production of electrospun fibers, one uses multiple jet systems that include multiple charged nozzles along a line or face.
However, today, the known electrospinning techniques still have many limitations for the large-scale production of fibers and fiber products, in particular for the large-scale production of nanofibers and products composed of nanofibers.
In fact, for electrospinning apparatuses having multiple charged nozzles or needles, the complexity of the control required to set and maintain the electric field at each nozzle increases with the number of said nozzles.
Furthermore, since electrospinning of different polymer solutions or melts having different physical and chemical properties through multiple nozzles is very difficult and involves high costs, the known art does not allow easy production of fibrous products (e.g. films and membranes) comprising several different base materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide an electrospinning device and an electrospinning method, in particular for producing fibrous materials, which allow for large-scale industrial production of fibers and fiber products, in particular nanofibers and nanofiber products, thereby solving the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Within this aim, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrospinning device and an electrospinning method that can improve the drawbacks of the known art.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an electrospinning apparatus and an electrospinning method that can treat various polymer solutions and polymer melts in consideration of different chemical and physical properties of the polymer solutions and the polymer melts.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an electrospinning apparatus and an electrospinning method that can simultaneously extrude a plurality of fibers from different kinds of polymer solutions and polymer melts to form a composite fiber product.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrospinning device and an electrospinning method which are easy to implement and capable of providing the maximum guaranteed reliability and safety in use.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an electrospinning apparatus whose use has an economically competitive advantage.
This aim and these and other objects, which will become better apparent hereinafter, are achieved by an electrospinning apparatus, particularly for producing fibrous material, according to claim 1. The object is furthermore achieved by an electrospinning process according to claim 12.
Further features are provided in the dependent claims.
Brief description of the drawings
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the detailed description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of an electrospinning device, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an electrospinning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the electrospinning apparatus of the present invention shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
With reference to the accompanying drawings, an electrospinning apparatus, generally designated by reference numeral 1, comprises:
a compartment 3 comprising at least one chamber 5 adapted to contain a substance to be formed into a fiber, wherein the at least one chamber 5 is charged with a chamber potential;
-collecting means 7 adapted to collect the fibres from at least one chamber 5, wherein the collecting means 7 is charged at a ground potential (group potential) different from the chamber potential, thereby establishing an electric field between at least one chamber 5 and collecting means 7.
According to the invention, at least one chamber 5 comprises a forming layer 9, the forming layer 9 comprising a plurality of holes 90, through which holes 90 the substance is extruded into the fibres.
The formation layer 9 comprising the plurality of holes 90 makes it possible to easily extrude a plurality of fibres from the substance contained in the chamber 5, thus overcoming the drawbacks of treatments with a plurality of needles or nozzles (which require separate charging).
Advantageously, the formation layer 9 is made of an electrically conductive material and is charged at the chamber potential.
For example, the formation layer 9 may be a mesh (net) or grid (grid) of conductive material having a plurality of said holes 90. The use of a web of electrically conductive material allows for accurate control of the voltage applied to the formation layer 9 and hence the electrostatic field by which the fibres are spun from the chamber 5 to the collection means 7.
Advantageously, the formation layer 9 is arranged at the bottom of the chamber 5, below the substance to be electrospun.
Advantageously, the compartment 3 is located vertically above the collecting device 7, so that the fibres being formed also fall by gravity onto the collecting device 7.
Advantageously, at least one chamber 5 comprises heating and/or cooling means 11 configured to heat and/or cool the chamber 5, and thus the substance inside the chamber 5, to a desired temperature.
The temperature regulation of the chamber 5 makes it possible to accurately control the viscosity of the substance inside the chamber 5, since the viscosity of the fluid is highly dependent on the temperature.
The viscosity of the solution in the chamber 5 and the electric field applied to the chamber 5 are two basic parameters that control the surface tension of the solution against the pores 90 facing the formation layer 9. Thus, a high degree of control over the electric field and the temperature of the chamber 5 allows very fine tuning of the fibre electrospinning process.
The electrospinning apparatus 1 may comprise a rotating device 13 configured to rotate the compartment 3 with respect to the fiber extrusion direction such that the fibers may be dispersed while electrospinning is performed, thereby distributing them over the collecting device 7.
According to a preferred embodiment, the compartment 3 comprises a plurality of chambers 5.
Each chamber 5 may contain a different substance to be electrospun to form a composite fibrous product.
Advantageously, the electrospinning apparatus 1 comprises a voltage regulating device V configured to charge each chamber 5 independently at different chamber potentials based on the electrical properties of the substance inside each chamber 5.
Advantageously, the electrospinning device 1 comprises a plurality of heating and/or cooling means 11 configured to heat and/or cool each chamber 5 independently to a different desired temperature.
Thus, based on the electrical, physical and chemical properties of the substance within each chamber 5, the voltage within each chamber 5 and the temperature within each chamber 5 may be independently controlled and adjusted for each chamber 5 to optimize the electrospinning process of each of the different substances that may be present within the respective chambers 5.
A temperature adjusting means T may be provided for activating and controlling the cooling/heating means 11 of each chamber 5 to adjust the temperature of each chamber 5 independently.
Advantageously, each chamber 5 is separated from the other chambers 5 by an insulating material, so that the electric field applied to each chamber 5 can be modulated independently without affecting the adjacent chambers 5.
The voltage regulating means V comprise a high voltage generator able to generate a voltage between the chamber 5 and the collecting means 7.
Advantageously, the high voltage is in the range of 20kV to 200 kV.
Advantageously, the electric field formed between the chamber 5 and the collecting device 7 may be in the range of 2kV/m to 400 kV/m.
A mechanical shutter may be placed below each chamber 5 where the fibers are extruded.
Advantageously, the collecting device 7 comprises, at its top, a liquid film 19 suitable for collecting the fibres extruded through the holes 90 forming the layer 9. The temperature of the liquid can be controlled.
The liquid may be, for example, oil or water.
The electrospinning apparatus 1 may further comprise a dragging device 23 configured to remove the fibers collected on the liquid film 19 from said liquid film 19. The dragging device 23 can be, for example, a reel able to take away the fibrous material being formed on the collecting device 7.
The electrospinning apparatus 1 may further comprise a recirculation device 25 configured to recirculate the liquid of the liquid film 19 within the collection device 7 to reuse said liquid.
The recirculation device 25 may comprise a pump.
The liquid film 19 can be used to obtain a hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction with the extruded fibres in order to improve the dragging by the dragging means 23 of the fibrous material being formed on the collecting means 7.
Alternatively, the collecting device 7 may comprise a solid matrix at its top adapted to collect and capture the extruded fibers.
The solid matrix may be, for example, agarose, resin, or a gel-like material.
The solid matrix is capable of capturing fibers of the fibrous material being formed to stabilize it. The solid matrix can then be removed after the fiber product is formed.
Advantageously, the temperature of the collecting device 7 can also be controlled, preferably by the same thermostat T. Thus, the temperature of the liquid film 19 or the temperature of the solid substrate can also be adjusted.
The electrospinning apparatus 1 may comprise a cross-linking device 21 adapted to cross-link the fibers collected by the collecting device 7.
Furthermore, the crosslinking device 21 may also comprise a heating device or a solvent jet device which is adapted to improve the stability of the freshly electrospun fiber material by chemically or physically crosslinking or stabilizing the fiber material shortly after its formation.
Thus, it is also possible by means of the invention to spin fibres in an unstable state.
Advantageously, the electrospinning apparatus 1 may comprise a conduit system 15 configured to deliver the substance to be electrospun to the chamber 5.
Advantageously, the distance between the compartment 3 and the collecting device 7 can be adjusted by the operator.
The invention also relates to an electrospinning process, in particular for producing fibrous material, comprising the following stages:
-supplying the substance to be formed into fibres to at least one chamber 5 of the compartment 3;
-charging the at least one chamber 5 with a chamber potential;
-charging a collecting device 7 adapted to collect the fibres from the at least one chamber 5 at a ground potential different from the chamber potential, thereby establishing an electric field between the at least one chamber 5 and the collecting device 7.
According to the invention, the substance is extruded into the fibres through a plurality of holes 90, the holes 90 being located on the forming layer 9 of the at least one chamber 5.
The electrospinning method further comprises a phase of controlling the voltage and the temperature of the plurality of chambers 5 independently of each other, so as to optimize the electrospinning of the various different substances that may be present in the chambers 5.
It has been found in practice that the electrospinning device and the electrospinning method of the present invention achieve the intended aim and objects, which allow the production of fibers and fiber products, in particular nanofibers and nanofiber products, on a large scale.
Another advantage of the electrospinning apparatus of the present invention is that it allows fine tuning of the parameters of the electrospinning process based on the electrical, chemical and physical properties of the substance to be electrospun.
A further advantage of the electrospinning device of the present invention is that it allows for simultaneous electrospinning of different polymer melts or solutions, whereby a composite fibre product can be obtained.
A further advantage of the electrospinning apparatus of the present invention is that it allows for electrospinning of unstable polymer melts or solutions as well.
The electrospinning apparatus and the electrospinning method thus conceived are susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, all the details may be replaced with other technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials employed, provided they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the dimensions and shapes according to the contingent requirements, may be any according to requirements.
Claims (12)
1. Electrospinning device (1), in particular for producing fibrous material, comprising:
-a compartment (3) comprising at least one chamber (5) adapted to contain a substance to be formed into a fiber, said at least one chamber (5) being charged with a chamber potential;
-collecting means (7) adapted to collect the fibres from the at least one chamber (5), the collecting means (7) being charged at a ground potential different from the chamber potential, whereby an electric field is established between the at least one chamber (5) and the collecting means (7),
the method is characterized in that: the at least one chamber (5) comprises a forming layer (9), the forming layer (9) comprising a plurality of holes (90), through which holes (90) the substance is extruded to form the fibres.
2. Electrospinning device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the forming layer (9) is formed of an electrically conductive material and the forming layer (9) is charged with the chamber potential.
3. Electrospinning device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one chamber (5) comprises heating and/or cooling means (11) configured to heat and/or cool the chamber (5) to a desired temperature.
4. Electrospinning device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a rotating means (13) configured to rotate said compartment (3) with respect to the extrusion direction of the fibers.
5. Electrospinning device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said compartment (3) comprises a plurality of said chambers (5).
6. Electrostatic spinning apparatus (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises voltage regulation means (V) configured to charge each of said chambers (5) independently with different desired chamber potentials.
7. Electrostatic spinning apparatus (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of heating and/or cooling devices (11) configured to heat and/or cool each said chamber (5) independently to a different desired temperature.
8. Electrospinning device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collecting means (7) comprise a liquid film (19) suitable for collecting the fibers extruded through the holes of the forming layer (9).
9. Electrospinning device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collecting means (7) comprise a solid substance suitable for collecting and catching said fibers extruded through said holes of said forming layer (9).
10. Electrospinning device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises dragging means (23) adapted to remove from said liquid film (19) said fibers collected on said liquid film (19); the electrospinning device (1) further comprises a recirculation means (25) configured to recirculate the liquid of the liquid film (19) within the collection means (7).
11. Electrospinning device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises cross-linking means (21) suitable for cross-linking the fibers collected by the collecting means (7).
12. An electrospinning process, in particular for producing a fibrous material, the process comprising:
-supplying at least one chamber (5) of the compartment (3) with a substance to form fibres;
-charging the at least one chamber (5) with a chamber potential;
-charging a collecting device (7) adapted to collect the fibres from the at least one chamber (5) at a ground potential different from the chamber potential, thereby establishing an electric field between the at least one chamber (5) and the collecting device (7);
the method is characterized in that: the substance is extruded through a plurality of holes (90) to form the fibres, the holes (90) being located on the forming layer (9) of the at least one chamber (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102017000120942 | 2017-10-25 | ||
| IT102017000120942A IT201700120942A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTROFILING AND ELECTROFILING METHOD. |
| PCT/IB2018/058293 WO2019082094A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2018-10-24 | Electrospinning apparatus and electrospinning method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111566264A true CN111566264A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
Family
ID=61148445
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880069347.8A Pending CN111566264A (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2018-10-24 | Electrostatic spinning apparatus and electrostatic spinning method |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200263323A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3701067A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2021500494A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20200097246A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111566264A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL274111A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT201700120942A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019082094A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110284208B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-08-04 | 武汉纺织大学 | Two-way collection system of centrifugal spinning |
| CN114599830B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2023-05-12 | 花王株式会社 | Method for producing fiber-deposited body, method for producing film, and method for attaching film |
| KR102450584B1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-10-04 | 카오카부시키가이샤 | A method for manufacturing a fiber deposit, a method for manufacturing a membrane, and a method for attaching a membrane |
| US20220333274A1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-10-20 | Jack L. Skinner | Precisely controlled fiber deposition by electrostatic fields |
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| US20090020921A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2009-01-22 | The University Of Akron | Hybrid manufacturing platform to produce multifunctional polymeric films |
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| CN202809020U (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-03-20 | 湖南博弈飞装备新材料研究所 | Continuous electrostatic spinning system |
| US20150292117A1 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2015-10-15 | Basf Se | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer fibers |
| US20160047075A1 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-02-18 | Electroloom, Inc. | System and method for automating production of electrospun textile products |
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| WO2017130220A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-03 | Indian Institute Of Technology Delhi | Apparatus and process for uniform deposition of polymeric nanofibers on substrate |
| US20170268129A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nozzle head and electrospinning apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8282873B2 (en) * | 2006-01-03 | 2012-10-09 | Victor Barinov | Controlled electrospinning of fibers |
| US8342831B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2013-01-01 | Victor Barinov | Controlled electrospinning of fibers |
| JP5237712B2 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2013-07-17 | 公立大学法人 滋賀県立大学 | Electrostatic spinning device |
| JP2010189771A (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-09-02 | Kato Tech Kk | Electrospinning apparatus |
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2017
- 2017-10-25 IT IT102017000120942A patent/IT201700120942A1/en unknown
-
2018
- 2018-10-24 JP JP2020543418A patent/JP2021500494A/en active Pending
- 2018-10-24 US US16/758,221 patent/US20200263323A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-10-24 CN CN201880069347.8A patent/CN111566264A/en active Pending
- 2018-10-24 WO PCT/IB2018/058293 patent/WO2019082094A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-10-24 EP EP18807695.4A patent/EP3701067A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-10-24 KR KR1020207014101A patent/KR20200097246A/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 IL IL274111A patent/IL274111A/en unknown
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060024399A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-02 | Taiwan Textile Research Institute | Apparatus and method for manufacturing polymeric fibrils |
| US20090020921A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2009-01-22 | The University Of Akron | Hybrid manufacturing platform to produce multifunctional polymeric films |
| CN102365398A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2012-02-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Nanofiber manufacturing device, nanofiber manufacturing method |
| CN202809020U (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-03-20 | 湖南博弈飞装备新材料研究所 | Continuous electrostatic spinning system |
| US20150292117A1 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2015-10-15 | Basf Se | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer fibers |
| US20160083868A1 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-03-24 | Finetex Ene, Inc. | Electrospinning apparatus |
| US20160047075A1 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-02-18 | Electroloom, Inc. | System and method for automating production of electrospun textile products |
| CN105543984A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 佛山轻子精密测控技术有限公司 | Melting electrostatic spinning nozzle with pore adjustable |
| WO2017130220A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-03 | Indian Institute Of Technology Delhi | Apparatus and process for uniform deposition of polymeric nanofibers on substrate |
| US20170268129A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nozzle head and electrospinning apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019082094A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
| JP2021500494A (en) | 2021-01-07 |
| IL274111A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
| EP3701067A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
| KR20200097246A (en) | 2020-08-18 |
| IT201700120942A1 (en) | 2019-04-25 |
| US20200263323A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 |
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Application publication date: 20200821 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |