CN111551139A - A wireless sensor for self-energy structure monitoring based on piezoelectric effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of structural health monitoring and energy collection, and discloses a self-energy type structural monitoring wireless sensor based on a piezoelectric effect. The voltage threshold processing method is innovatively applied to the wireless sensor, so that the continuity and efficiency of structure monitoring are improved; the invention innovatively combines two piezoelectric forms, and realizes the dual purposes of self-power generation and electromechanical signal conversion of the piezoelectric material for the first time; compared with other structure monitoring wireless sensing technologies, the wireless sensing technology has more excellent measurement sensitivity, accuracy and energy consumption saving.

Description

A wireless sensor for self-energy structure monitoring based on piezoelectric effect

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of structural health monitoring and energy collection, in particular to a self-energy type structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect.

Background technique

Wireless sensors can be used as structural health monitoring technology because of their advantages of low power consumption design and wireless transmission. Structural health monitoring using wireless sensors is a reliable and inexpensive way to detect defect formation in the first place by incorporating sensor networks into monitored structures such as bridges, buildings, and aircraft. Such a network can detect defects in the structure early, thereby avoiding catastrophic accidents. However, if there is no effective data processing method, the huge and complex electrical signals generated by the wireless sensor during structural monitoring cannot be identified by the computing terminal in a timely and accurate manner. It can be seen that the flexibility of wireless sensor data processing has become an influencing factor limiting the applicability of wireless sensors, and this problem has become a key technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.

Piezoelectric materials fabricated using the piezoelectric effect can be used to generate electrical energy using their self-generating properties. Its advantage is to use the piezoelectric principle to collect the weak vibration mechanical energy generated by the structure, convert it into electrical energy, provide power for the sensor, and ensure the self-supply of the whole set of devices. It effectively avoids the limitation that traditional monitoring equipment needs to use batteries or external circuits, and ensures long-term lasting operation of the equipment and saves energy.

At present, piezoelectric materials have been developed and applied in the manufacture of piezoelectric sensors, using their electromechanical conversion properties to generate electrical responses under mechanical excitation. This part of the electrical response is processed by the signal network into an electrical signal that can be recognized by the computing terminal. Through the connection between the strain and the electrical signal, the computing terminal reflects the real-time deformation of the structure.

Compared with the existing structural health monitoring technology, the self-energy wireless sensor based on the piezoelectric effect can monitor the dynamic mechanical response process of the structure more effectively and accurately under the premise of self-energy, and make early warnings so that technicians can take measures. Preventive measures to mitigate the safety of life and property caused by structural damage. Because the proposed sensor signal network data processing method is used to simplify the electrical signals caused by specific deformations, the amount of monitoring data is greatly reduced compared to existing long-term monitoring techniques.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for a self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on the piezoelectric effect.

The self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect is characterized in that it includes a wireless sensor component and an energy collection component. The piezoelectric sheet on the surface, the sensor chip module and the storage unit module are arranged on the signal processing integrated circuit board, and the energy collection component includes a vibration amplifier and a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam.

The self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect is characterized in that the piezoelectric sheet is connected with the signal processing integrated circuit board through wires.

The described self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect is characterized in that the signal processing integrated circuit board is provided with an external interface of the wireless signal device, the external interface of the wireless signal device is provided with a slot for a wireless signal transmission module, and the wireless The signal transmitting module slot is connected with the wireless signal transmitting module through a cable.

The self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect is characterized in that the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam is used to convert mechanical vibration into electrical energy, and the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet .

The self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect is characterized in that the energy collection component supplies power to the wireless sensor part through wires.

The invention innovatively applies the voltage threshold processing method to the wireless sensor, which improves the continuity and efficiency of structural monitoring; the invention innovatively combines two piezoelectric forms, and realizes the self-generation of piezoelectric materials and electromechanical signals for the first time. Convertible dual-purpose; compared with other wireless sensing technologies for structural monitoring, the present invention has better measurement sensitivity, accuracy and energy saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the signal processing integrated circuit board and the piezoelectric sheet in the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the signal processing integrated circuit board and the energy harvesting component in the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the signal processing integrated circuit board and the wireless signal transmitting module in the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;

In the figure: 1-signal processing integrated circuit board; 2-sensing chip; 3-storage unit group; 4-wireless signal external interface; 5-wireless signal transmitting module; 6-piezoelectric sheet; 7-vibration amplifier; 8- Lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam; 9-piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 10-wire; 11-line.

Detailed ways

As shown in the figure, a self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect includes a wireless sensor component and an energy collection component. The wireless sensor component includes a signal processing integrated circuit board 1, a wireless signal transmitting module 5, and a The piezoelectric sheet 6 on the surface of the object, the sensor chip module 2 and the storage unit module 3 are arranged on the signal processing integrated circuit board 1 , and the energy collection component includes a vibration amplifier 7 and a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam 8 .

As an optimized structure of the present invention, the piezoelectric sheet 6 is attached to the surface of the monitoring object, and is connected to the signal processing integrated circuit board 1 through the wire 10 .

As an optimized structure of the present invention, the memory cell group 3 is used to record the duration of the occurrence of the monitoring voltage, and the memory cell group 3 is placed adjacent to the calculation circuit.

As the optimized structure of the present invention: the signal processing integrated circuit board 1 is provided with an external interface 4 of the wireless signal device, and the external interface 4 of the wireless signal device is provided with a wireless signal transmission module slot, and the wireless signal transmission module slot is connected to the wireless signal through the cable 11. The signal transmitting module 5 is connected.

As an optimized structure of the present invention, the energy collection component is provided with a vibration amplifier 7, a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam 8 for converting mechanical vibration into electrical energy, and an energy storage module for energy storage. Piezoelectric ceramic sheets 9 are arranged on the beam 8 .

As an optimized structure of the present invention: the energy collection component directly supplies power to the wireless sensor part through the wire 10 .

The circuit structure of the present invention is as follows: the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 9 is electrically connected to the vibration amplifier 7 and the energy storage module, respectively, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmitting module 5, the vibration amplifier 7 is electrically connected to the sensor chip module 2, and the sensor chip module is electrically connected. 2 is electrically connected to the storage unit module 3 and the piezoelectric sheet 6 .

Taking Figure 1 as an example to explain the use process of a self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect. For example, when the structure is deformed, the subtle vibration is induced and amplified by the vibration amplifier 7 to press the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam 8. In the case of vibration, the mechanical energy is effectively converted into electrical energy through the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 9 and stored by the energy storage device. catch. The energy storage device then sends electric energy to the integrated circuit board 1 to supply power to the wireless sensor, so as to continuously supply power to the wireless sensor. At the same time, if the piezoelectric sheet 6 is placed on the surface of the structure that is undergoing deformation, the piezoelectric sheet 6 is converted into a corresponding voltage signal according to the degree of deformation, and sent to the wireless sensor chip 2 through the wire 10 . At this time, the sensor receives the electrical signal and records the duration of the monitoring voltage. When the amplitude of the input monitoring voltage from the piezoelectric sheet exceeds different preset thresholds, the storage unit records the total time that the voltage exceeds each threshold. Through the conversion, the sensor outputs the grid voltage histogram signal, which is connected to the wireless signal transmitting module and sent to the computing terminal through the external interface 4 . Through the calculation of the voltage thresholds on different gates of the terminal, the inversion is performed to obtain the deformation of the monitored surface of the target structure.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the examples of the present invention .

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a from energy formula structure monitoring wireless sensor based on piezoelectric effect, its characterized in that includes wireless sensor subassembly and energy acquisition subassembly, the wireless sensor subassembly includes signal processing integrated circuit board (1), wireless signal emission module (5) and attached in piezoelectric thin slice (6) on monitoring object surface, set up sensor chip module (2) and storage unit module (3) on signal processing integrated circuit board (1), the energy acquisition subassembly includes vibration amplifier (7) and lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam (8).

2. A piezoelectric effect based self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet (6) is connected with the signal processing integrated circuit board (1) through a lead (10).

3. The piezoelectric effect based self-energy type structure monitoring wireless sensor according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing integrated circuit board (1) is provided with a wireless signal device external interface (4), the wireless signal device external interface (4) is provided with a wireless signal transmitting module slot, and the wireless signal transmitting module slot is connected with the wireless signal transmitting module (5) through a flat cable (11).

4. A piezoelectric effect based self-energy structure monitoring wireless sensor according to claim 1, wherein the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam (8) is used for converting mechanical vibration into electric energy, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate (9) is arranged on the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric beam (8).

5. A piezoelectric effect based self-energized structural monitoring wireless sensor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the energy harvesting assembly powers the wireless sensor portion through a wire (10).

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