CN111544131B - Double-coordinate space positioning device - Google Patents
Double-coordinate space positioning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111544131B CN111544131B CN202010518408.3A CN202010518408A CN111544131B CN 111544131 B CN111544131 B CN 111544131B CN 202010518408 A CN202010518408 A CN 202010518408A CN 111544131 B CN111544131 B CN 111544131B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
- A61B90/11—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
- A61B2090/376—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-coordinate space positioning device, and belongs to the field of medical appliances. The double-coordinate space positioning device is provided with a positioning mechanism, a coordinate adjusting mechanism and a supporting mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a right-angle guide rail piece, a sliding block arranged on the right-angle guide rail piece, a positioning rod penetrating through the sliding block, two clamping pieces, a right-angle perspective positioning ruler and a fixing column, the side face of the right-angle guide rail piece is provided with a side perspective positioning ruler, and all the positioning mechanisms are made of materials which are not developed on an X-ray film except scales of the two positioning rulers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a double-coordinate space positioning device.
Background
Minimally invasive surgery is a trend of surgical operation development, and has the advantages of small wound, small bleeding amount, attractive incision, light systemic reaction, small infection probability, easy acceptance by patients and the like. However, the surgical procedure of minimally invasive surgery must rely on intraoperative fluoroscopic assisted positioning, but often requires repeated fluoroscopy during fluoroscopic assisted positioning increasing radiation exposure due to positioning difficulties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and aims to provide the double-coordinate space positioning device which adopts a simple and portable mechanical structure to assist percutaneous puncture operation in clinical operation, so that the puncture is more accurate, the operation time is shortened, and the radiation exposure of operators related to the operation is reduced.
The invention provides a double-coordinate space positioning device, which is characterized by comprising a positioning mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a positioning mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism is used for determining a puncture path and clamping a puncture instrument; the coordinate adjusting mechanism is connected with the positioning mechanism and used for adjusting the position of the positioning mechanism in space; the positioning mechanism comprises an upper right-angle guide rail part, a lower right-angle guide rail part, a supporting mechanism and a positioning mechanism, wherein the upper right-angle guide rail part comprises two mutually perpendicular upper guide rails, a side perspective positioning ruler with graduation marks, which extends along the extending direction of the upper guide rail, is arranged on the side edge of each upper guide rail, the lower right-angle guide rail part comprises two mutually perpendicular lower guide rails, the lower right-angle guide rail part is arranged below the upper right-angle guide rail part in parallel, a side perspective positioning ruler with graduation marks, which extends along the extending direction of the lower guide rail, is arranged on the side edge of each lower guide rail, the two upper slide blocks are respectively arranged on the two upper guide rails in a sliding manner, the two lower slide blocks are respectively arranged on the two lower guide rails in a sliding manner, the two upper positioning rods respectively penetrate through the two upper slide blocks, are mutually perpendicular between the upper positioning rods positioned on different upper guide rails, the two lower positioning rods respectively penetrate through the two lower slide blocks, are mutually perpendicular between the lower positioning rods positioned on different lower guide rails, the two lower positioning rods are respectively arranged between the two upper right-angle guide rails, the two lower positioning rods are respectively arranged between the two upper positioning rods and the two lower positioning rods, the two lower positioning rods are respectively matched with the two right-angle guide rails, the two right-angle guide rails are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two right-angle guide rails, the two positioning ruler is arranged on the upper right-angle guide rails, the two lower guide rails, the two positioning device is provided with the right-angle guide rails, and the two positioning device is arranged on the right-angle guide rails, and the two positioning device, and the device guide device can have a device, and the two guide device and the device and has a device and a device The upper sliding block, the lower sliding block, the upper positioning rod, the lower positioning rod, the clamping piece and the right-angle perspective positioning ruler are made of materials which are not developed on the X-ray film, and the scale marks of the side perspective positioning ruler and the scale marks of the right-angle perspective positioning ruler are made of materials which are developed on the X-ray film.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can also be characterized in that one end of the two upper positioning rods, which are close to each other, is provided with a conical screw member, and one end of the two lower positioning rods, which are close to each other, is provided with a conical screw member
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the clamping piece comprises a universal joint ball, a joint ball sleeve clamp and at least two connecting columns, wherein the universal joint ball is provided with a groove and is used for clamping a puncture instrument, the joint ball sleeve clamp is sleeved outside the universal joint ball, the at least two connecting columns are arranged outside the joint ball sleeve clamp, each connecting column is provided with at least one threaded hole, the threaded holes are matched with the conical threaded piece, and the axes of the at least two threaded holes are mutually perpendicular.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the clamping piece is L-shaped, two ends of the clamping piece are respectively provided with a threaded hole, at least one groove for accommodating a puncture instrument is formed at the folded angle, and the threaded holes are matched with the conical threaded piece.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that a plurality of fixing columns are arranged between the upper right-angle guide rail piece and the lower right-angle guide rail piece, and the fixing columns are used for controlling the distance between the upper right-angle guide rail piece and the lower right-angle guide rail piece.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the coordinate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting block, a horizontal rod, a sleeve and a movable sleeve rod, wherein the adjusting block is provided with a horizontal hole, one end of the horizontal rod is connected with the positioning mechanism and movably penetrates through the horizontal hole, the sleeve rod is arranged above the supporting mechanism, one end of the movable sleeve rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting block, the other end of the movable sleeve rod is movably penetrated into the sleeve rod, and the axis of the horizontal rod is mutually perpendicular to the axis of the movable sleeve rod.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a clamping plate and a clamping plate adjusting screw, wherein the supporting plate is provided with a groove with an opening facing to the side surface, the top of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the coordinate adjusting mechanism, the clamping plate is arranged in the groove, and the clamping plate adjusting screw is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate in a penetrating manner, and one end of the clamping plate adjusting screw penetrating through the groove is fixedly connected with the clamping plate and used for adjusting the position of the clamping plate.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the supporting mechanism comprises a wheel frame, wherein the wheel frame is arranged at the bottom of the coordinate adjusting mechanism, the wheel frame is provided with a plurality of casters, the number of the casters is the same as that of the casters, one caster is arranged below each caster, and the number of the casters is the same as that of the casters, and one caster locking piece is arranged at each caster and used for locking the casters when the casters are not required to rotate.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the coordinate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting block, a horizontal rod and a vertical rod, wherein the adjusting block is provided with a horizontal hole, one end of the horizontal rod is connected with the positioning mechanism and movably penetrates through the horizontal hole, one end of the vertical rod is a telescopic rod, one end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting block, the other end of the vertical rod is connected with the supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism comprises a ceiling fixing base which is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of a ceiling.
The double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the coordinate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting block, a horizontal rod, a vertical rod, a spherical joint and a horizontal fixing rod, wherein the adjusting block is provided with a horizontal hole, one end of the horizontal rod is connected with the positioning mechanism and movably arranged in the horizontal hole in a penetrating mode, one end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting block, the spherical joint is arranged at one end of the vertical rod, one end of the horizontal fixing rod is connected with the spherical joint, the other end of the horizontal fixing rod is connected with the supporting mechanism, the horizontal fixing rod is arranged in parallel with the horizontal rod, and the supporting mechanism comprises a wall fixing base and is fixedly arranged on a wall.
Effects and effects of the invention
According to the double-coordinate space positioning device, the positioning mechanism, the coordinate adjusting mechanism and the supporting mechanism are arranged, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises the right-angle guide rail piece, the sliding block arranged on the right-angle guide rail piece, the positioning rod penetrating through the sliding block, the two clamping pieces, the right-angle perspective positioning ruler and the fixing column, and the side face of the right-angle guide rail piece is provided with the side perspective positioning ruler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dual coordinate space positioning apparatus (without clamping members) according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a clamping member in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a front view of the upper slider in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a side view of the upper slider of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the puncture path by the dual coordinate spatial positioning apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dual coordinate spatial positioning apparatus for positioning a positioning ruler by side perspective during a thoracoscopy of a spinal column according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention using a vertical perspective ruler during the thoracoscopy;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the positioning mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a clip member in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the coordinate adjusting mechanism and the supporting mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a double coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, and
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is specifically described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings.
Example 1 ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a dual coordinate space positioning apparatus (without clamping members) in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus 100 provided in the present embodiment includes a positioning mechanism 10, a coordinate adjusting mechanism 20, and a supporting mechanism 30.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the positioning mechanism 10 includes an upper right angle rail member 11, a lower right angle rail member 12, an upper slider 13, a lower slider 14, an upper positioning lever 15, a lower positioning lever 16, a clamp 17, a right angle perspective positioning ruler 18, and a fixed column 19.
The upper right angle rail member 11 includes two mutually perpendicular upper rails, and the side of each upper rail is provided with a side perspective positioning ruler 111 having scale marks extending along the extending direction of the upper rail. The upper right angle rail member 11 is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane.
The lower right angle rail member 12 includes two mutually perpendicular lower rails disposed in parallel below the upper right angle rail member, and the upper right angle rail member and the lower right angle rail member are completely overlapped when viewed from the top down. The side of each lower rail is provided with a side perspective positioning ruler 111 with scale marks extending along the extending direction of the lower rail.
The fixing post 19 is disposed between the upper right angle rail member 11 and the lower right angle rail member 12. In the present embodiment, the number of the fixing posts 19 is three, and the fixing posts are respectively disposed at both end portions of the upper right angle rail member 11 and at the connection portions of the two upper rails. The user can select the fixing columns 19 with different heights according to the actual situation so as to control the space between the upper right angle guide rail piece 11 and the lower right angle guide rail piece 12.
Fig. 4a is a front view of the upper slider in embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig. 4b is a side view of the upper slider in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the number of upper sliders 13 is 2, and the upper sliders are respectively provided on the 2 upper rails. Each upper slider 13 has two sliding grooves matching with the upper guide rail and a through hole, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding groove. The outer surface of the upper slider 13 facing the side having the side perspective positioning ruler 111 is provided with a marking 131 for facilitating the reading of the side perspective positioning ruler 111 by the user. Specifically, in this embodiment, the scribe 131 is disposed along a line connecting the center of the through hole and the center point of the chute.
The number of the lower sliders 14 is 2, and the lower sliders are respectively arranged on 2 lower guide rails. In this embodiment, the specific structure of the lower slider 14 is identical to that of the upper slider 13, and will not be described herein.
The number of upper positioning rods 15 is 2. The two upper positioning rods 15 are respectively inserted into the through holes of the two upper sliders 13. The two upper positioning rods 15 are perpendicular to each other. The two upper positioning rods 15 each have a tapered screw at their ends that are close to each other.
The number of lower positioning rods 16 is 2. The two lower positioning rods 16 are respectively inserted into the through holes of the two lower sliders 14. The two lower positioning rods 16 are perpendicular to each other. The two lower locating bars 16 each have a tapered screw at their ends that are adjacent to each other.
The clamping members 17 may be of various types, and in this embodiment, the two clamping members 17 are all universal joint clamping members. The universal joint clamp includes a universal joint ball 171, a joint ball socket clip 172, and three connecting posts 173.
The universal joint ball 171 is disposed within the joint ball socket clip 172 and is universally rotatable relative to the joint ball socket clip. The universal joint ball 171 has a recess passing through the center of the ball for holding a piercing instrument (e.g., a piercing needle), so that the universal joint ball 171 having different recess sizes can be selected according to actual needs.
The joint ball sleeve clamp 172 is sleeved outside the universal joint ball 171, and the plane where the joint ball sleeve clamp 172 is located is parallel to the plane where the right angle perspective positioning ruler 18 is located.
The number of the connecting posts 173 is three, and the connecting posts are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the joint ball sleeve clamp 172. Above each connecting post there is a threaded hole which mates with a tapered screw at the end of the upper 15 or lower 16 locating bar. In use, the clamping member 17 is screwed to the upper positioning rod 15 or the lower positioning rod 16 by screwing the two upper positioning rods 15 or the two lower positioning rods 16 to the two connecting posts 173, respectively.
The right angle perspective positioning ruler 18 is provided with scale marks, two sides of the scale marks are respectively parallel to the two guide rails of the upper right angle guide rail piece 11, and the right angle perspective positioning ruler 18 is arranged on the inner side of the upper right angle guide rail piece 11 or on the inner side of the lower right angle guide rail piece 12.
It should be noted that the positioning mechanism 10 needs to be exposed to the X-ray for operation, so that in order to successfully achieve the functions, the upper right angle rail member 11, the lower right angle rail member 12, the upper slider 13, the lower slider 14, the upper positioning rod 15, the lower positioning rod 16, the clamping member 17, the right angle perspective positioning ruler 18 and the fixing post 19 are all made of materials that are not developed on the X-ray film, and only the scale marks of the side perspective positioning ruler 111 and the scale marks of the right angle perspective positioning ruler 18 are made of materials that are developed on the X-ray film.
The coordinate adjusting mechanism 20 includes an adjusting block 21, a horizontal rod 22, a sleeve 23, a movable sleeve rod 24, a horizontal rod adjusting screw 25, and a movable sleeve rod adjusting screw 26.
The adjusting block 21 has a horizontal hole and a vertical hole.
The horizontal rod 22 is movably inserted into the horizontal hole of the adjusting block 21, and one end thereof abuts against the fixing post 19 at one end of the upper right angle rail member 11 and the lower right angle rail member 12. The axis of the horizontal bar 22 is perpendicular to the axis of the movable loop bar 24.
The horizontal rod adjusting screw 25 is provided on the adjusting block 21, and is used for turning the horizontal rod adjusting screw 25 to fix the horizontal rod 22 on the adjusting block 21 after the horizontal rod 22 is adjusted to a proper position, or turning the horizontal rod adjusting screw 25 to enable the horizontal rod 22 to freely move in the horizontal hole when the horizontal rod 22 needs to be adjusted.
The bottom end of the sleeve 23 is arranged on the support mechanism 30.
One end of the movable sleeve rod 24 is movably penetrated in the sleeve 23, and the other end is fixed in the vertical hole of the adjusting block.
The movable sleeve rod adjusting screw 26 is provided on the sleeve 23, and is used for turning the movable sleeve rod adjusting screw 26 tightly to fix the movable sleeve rod 24 on the sleeve 23 after the movable sleeve rod 24 is adjusted to a proper position, or turning the movable sleeve rod adjusting screw 26 loose to enable the movable sleeve rod 24 to freely move in the vertical hole when the movable sleeve rod 24 needs to be adjusted.
The support mechanism 30 includes a bearing plate 31, a support plate 32, a clamp plate 33, and a clamp plate adjusting screw 34.
The upper surface of the bearing plate 31 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 23, and the lower surface is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the supporting plate 32.
The support plate 32 has a recess open to the side.
The clamping plate 33 is disposed in a recess of the support plate 32. The upper surface of the clamping plate 33 cooperates with the lower surface of the recess of the support plate 32 to clamp a plate-like object, such as a hospital bed, to secure the support mechanism 30 to the plate-like object.
The clamping plate adjusting screw 34 is penetrated at the bottom of the supporting plate 32, and one end penetrating in the groove of the supporting plate 32 is fixedly connected with the clamping plate 33. The clamping plate adjusting screw 34 is used to adjust the position of the clamping plate 33 in the groove of the supporting plate 32, so that the size of the space formed by the upper surface of the clamping plate 33 and the lower surface in the groove of the supporting plate 32 is adjusted to enable the supporting mechanism 30 to be better fixed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the puncture path by the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the principle of positioning the puncture path by the dual-coordinate spatial positioning device 100 provided in this embodiment is that, for two coordinate systems with the same Z axis in space, the puncture path phi (not parallel to the XY plane) intersects at two points of the XY plane and the X ' Y ' plane of the two coordinate systems, and the puncture path phi in space can be determined only by determining the spatial coordinate points (X 1,Y1) and (X ' 1,Y′1) of the two coordinates.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the positioning ruler by using a side perspective in the case of the two-coordinate space positioning apparatus according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention when the spine foramen mirror punctures. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention using the vertical perspective positioning ruler at the time of the thoracoscopy puncture of the spinal column.
Referring to fig. 6-7, the method for using the dual coordinate spatial positioning apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment in the spinal foramen mirror puncture is as follows:
step 1, disinfection before operation, namely disinfecting the whole dual-coordinate space positioning device 100;
step 2, the patient is prone in the direction parallel to the long axis of the operating table, the detachable dual-coordinate positioning device 100 is moved to a proper position beside the operating table, the operating surface formed by the upper right-angle guide rail piece 11 and the lower right-angle guide rail piece 12 is enough to cover the operation puncture path, one guide rail of the upper right-angle guide rail piece 11 is parallel to the long axis of the human body, and the other guide rail is perpendicular to the long axis of the human body. The detachable dual coordinate positioning apparatus 100 is secured to the bedside by the support 30;
Step 3, perspective positioning, namely firstly taking a standard side position sheet (the shooting direction is parallel to the direction of a coordinate ruler perpendicular to the long axis of a human body) by using a C-arm machine, planning a correct puncture path in an X-ray sheet, intersecting the puncture path at two points by using an upper layer side perspective positioning ruler and a lower layer side perspective positioning ruler, reading two-point scales Y 1、Y′1, taking a standard normal position sheet (the shooting direction is perpendicular to an operating table surface) by using the C-arm machine, planning a correct puncture path in the X-ray sheet, intersecting the puncture path at two points by using a perpendicular perspective positioning ruler perpendicular to each other, and reading coordinates (X 1,Y1) and (X' 1,Y′1) corresponding to the vertical perspective positioning ruler scales parallel to the long axis of the human body;
Step 4, positioning puncture, namely adjusting the scale on the sliding block of the sliding rail of the lower layer parallel to the long axis of the human body to the scale Y 1, adjusting the scale on the sliding block of the sliding rail of the lower layer perpendicular to the long axis of the human body to the scale X 1, adjusting the scale on the sliding block of the sliding rail of the upper layer parallel to the long axis of the human body to the scale Y '1, and adjusting the scale on the sliding block of the sliding rail of the upper layer perpendicular to the long axis of the human body to the scale X' 1;
Step 5, operation puncture, wherein the two clamping pieces 17 determine a fixed space orientation, a puncture needle passes through the clamping piece 17 positioned above, passes through the clamping piece 17 positioned below, and finally directly punctures through skin to reach a puncture target point;
step 6, releasing the puncture member from the clamping member 17 after successful puncture, and removing the detachable dual-coordinate positioning apparatus 100 for subsequent operation.
In addition to spinal foramen mirror puncture, the detachable dual-coordinate positioning apparatus 100 provided in this embodiment may be applied to a series of other operations requiring positioning puncture, such as pedicle screw implantation, vertebroplasty bone cement implantation, epidural anesthesia, spinal tumor biopsy, abscess puncture, interventional puncture, and particle implantation.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the double-coordinate space positioning device, the positioning mechanism, the coordinate adjusting mechanism and the supporting mechanism are arranged, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises the right-angle guide rail piece, the sliding block arranged on the right-angle guide rail piece, the positioning rod penetrating through the sliding block, the two clamping pieces, the right-angle perspective positioning ruler and the fixing column, and the side face of the right-angle guide rail piece is provided with the side perspective positioning ruler, so that the double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the embodiment can realize the determination of the puncture position only by carrying out X-ray positioning twice, is accurate in positioning, saves operation preparation time and improves operation efficiency. In addition, the double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the embodiment is very convenient to assemble and disassemble.
Further, according to the double-coordinate space positioning device, the clamping piece comprises the universal joint ball, the joint ball sleeve clamp and three connecting columns, wherein the universal joint ball can freely rotate in the joint ball sleeve clamp, and therefore the double-coordinate space positioning device is more convenient to adjust and more flexible to use when being used for positioning.
Further, according to the dual-coordinate space positioning device according to the embodiment, the supporting mechanism comprises the bearing plate, the supporting plate, the clamping plate and the clamping plate adjusting screw, wherein the clamping plate and the supporting plate are mutually matched so as to fix the supporting framework on the patient bed, and therefore the dual-coordinate space positioning device provided by the embodiment is convenient to use and is not limited to the environment.
Example 2]
The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a positioning mechanism 210, a coordinate adjusting mechanism, and a supporting mechanism. The coordinate adjusting mechanism and the supporting mechanism are identical to those in the embodiment, and are not described herein. The positioning mechanism 210 is identical to the positioning mechanism of the embodiment except for the clamp 217.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a positioning mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a clip in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the clamping member 217 is L-shaped, and each of the two ends is provided with a protruding block, each protruding block has a threaded hole, and the axes of the two threaded holes are perpendicular to each other. The threads of the two threaded holes are matched with the conical threaded parts of the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod. The folded corner of the holding member 217 is provided with 2 grooves for accommodating the puncture instrument, one opening of the groove faces the inner side and the other opening of the groove faces the outer side. The user can choose one of the grooves to clamp the puncture instrument according to actual conditions. The lower surface of the clamp 217 is in a plane parallel to the upper right angle rail member.
Specifically, the working principle and the use method of the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus 200 provided in the present embodiment are the same as those of the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus 100 provided in embodiment 1.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the double-coordinate space positioning device, the clamping piece is L-shaped, the folded angle is provided with 2 grooves for accommodating the puncture instrument, one groove opening faces the inner side, and the other groove opening faces the outer side, so that the double-coordinate space positioning device provided by the embodiment is stable when the puncture instrument is fixed, and the puncture accuracy is improved.
Example 3]
The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a positioning mechanism, a coordinate adjusting mechanism 320, and a supporting mechanism 330. The coordinate adjusting mechanism and the positioning mechanism are identical to those in the embodiment, and are not described herein.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a coordinate adjusting mechanism and a supporting mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 10, the support mechanism 330 includes a wheel frame 331, a universal wheel 332, and a universal wheel lock 333.
The wheel carrier 331 is arranged below the coordinate adjusting mechanism and comprises 5 wheel legs, wherein the 5 wheel legs are uniformly distributed, and an included angle between two adjacent wheel legs is 72 degrees. In other embodiments, a wheel frame 331 having other numbers of casters, such as a wheel frame having 3 casters, may also be employed.
The universal wheel 332 is rotatably disposed below the caster. In this embodiment, the number of universal wheels 332 is 5, and one universal wheel 332 is disposed under each wheel.
The gimbal locks 333 are provided at positions where each wheel frame 331 is provided with the gimbal 332, and in the present embodiment, the number of gimbal locks 333 is 5. The universal wheel lock 333 is used to lock the universal wheel 332 when rotation of the universal wheel 332 is not required.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to the present embodiment, since the supporting mechanism includes the wheel frame, the universal wheel and the universal wheel locking member, the dual coordinate space positioning apparatus provided in the present embodiment is convenient to move, and the universal wheel locking member is used to lock the universal wheel during use, so that it is ensured that it cannot move at will.
Example 4 ]
The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus 400 provided in this embodiment includes a positioning mechanism 410, a coordinate adjusting mechanism 420, and a supporting mechanism. The coordinate adjusting mechanism is identical to the coordinate adjusting mechanism in the embodiment, and is not described herein.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 11, the coordinate adjusting mechanism 420 includes an adjusting block 421, a horizontal rod 422, and a vertical rod 423.
The adjustment block 421 has a horizontal hole and a vertical hole.
The horizontal rod 422 is movably inserted into the horizontal hole of the adjusting block 421, and one end of the horizontal rod is fixedly connected with the positioning mechanism. The horizontal bar 422 is disposed parallel to the guide rail of the positioning mechanism.
The vertical rod 423 is movably inserted into the vertical hole of the adjusting block 421, and the top end is connected with the supporting mechanism. The vertical rod 423 and the horizontal rod 422 are perpendicular to each other.
The supporting mechanism includes a ceiling fixing base 431.
The ceiling mount 431 is fixed to the ceiling on one side and fixedly connected to the vertical rod 422 on the other side.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the double-coordinate space positioning device, the coordinate adjusting mechanism comprises the adjusting block, the horizontal rod and the vertical rod, and the supporting mechanism comprises the ceiling fixing base, and the coordinate adjusting mechanism is connected with the supporting structure so as to fix the coordinate adjusting mechanism on the ceiling.
Example 5 ]
The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus 500 provided in this embodiment includes a positioning mechanism 510, a coordinate adjustment mechanism 520, and a support mechanism. The coordinate adjusting mechanism is identical to the coordinate adjusting mechanism in the embodiment, and is not described herein.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 12, the coordinate adjusting mechanism 520 includes an adjusting block 521, a horizontal rod 522, a vertical rod 523, a spherical joint 524, and a horizontal fixing rod 525.
The adjustment block 521 has a horizontal bore and a vertical bore.
The horizontal rod 522 is movably inserted into the horizontal hole, and one end of the horizontal rod is fixedly connected with the positioning mechanism. The horizontal bar 522 is disposed parallel to the guide rail of the positioning mechanism.
The vertical rod 523 is a telescopic rod, and is movably inserted into a vertical hole of the adjusting block 521. The vertical rod 523 and the horizontal rod 522 are perpendicular to each other.
A spherical joint 524 is provided at the top end of the vertical rod 523.
One end of the horizontal fixing rod 525 is connected with the vertical rod 523 through a spherical joint, and the other end is connected with the supporting structure. The horizontal fixing rod 525 is disposed in parallel with the horizontal rod 522.
The supporting mechanism includes wall unable adjustment base 531, and one side is fixed to be set up on the wall, and the another side is connected with horizontal dead lever.
Effects and effects of the examples
According to the double-coordinate space positioning apparatus according to the embodiment, since the coordinate adjusting mechanism comprises the adjusting block, the horizontal rod, the vertical rod, the spherical joint and the horizontal fixing rod, the supporting mechanism comprises the wall fixing base, and the coordinate adjusting mechanism is connected with the supporting structure so as to fix the coordinate adjusting mechanism on the wall, the double-coordinate space positioning apparatus provided by the embodiment can be installed and fixed on the wall, does not need to be temporarily called when in use, and can be rotated to a side close to the wall when not in use, and does not need to occupy additional storage space.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A dual coordinate space positioning apparatus for positioning a puncture site in a minimally invasive surgery, comprising:
the positioning mechanism is used for determining a puncture path and clamping a puncture instrument;
a coordinate adjusting mechanism connected with the positioning mechanism for adjusting the position of the positioning mechanism in space, and
A supporting mechanism for supporting the coordinate adjusting mechanism and the positioning mechanism,
Wherein, positioning mechanism includes:
The upper right-angle guide rail piece comprises two mutually perpendicular upper guide rails, and the side edge of each upper guide rail is provided with a side perspective positioning ruler with scale marks, which extends along the extending direction of the upper guide rail;
the lower right-angle guide rail piece comprises two mutually perpendicular lower guide rails, the lower right-angle guide rail pieces are arranged below the upper right-angle guide rail piece in parallel, and the side edge of each lower guide rail is provided with a side perspective positioning ruler with scale marks, which extends along the extending direction of the lower guide rail;
The two upper sliding blocks are respectively and slidably arranged on the two upper guide rails;
the two lower sliding blocks are respectively and slidably arranged on the two lower guide rails;
the two upper positioning rods are respectively arranged on the two upper sliding blocks in a penetrating way, and the upper positioning rods positioned on different upper guide rails are mutually perpendicular;
the two lower positioning rods are respectively arranged on the two lower sliding blocks in a penetrating way, and the lower positioning rods positioned on different lower guide rails are mutually perpendicular;
The two clamping pieces are respectively arranged between the two upper positioning rods and the two lower positioning rods and are used for being matched with each other so as to clamp the puncture instrument;
The right-angle perspective positioning ruler is provided with scale marks, two sides of the scale marks are respectively parallel to two sides of the upper right-angle guide rail piece, the right-angle perspective positioning ruler is arranged on the inner side of the upper right-angle guide rail piece or on the inner side of the lower right-angle guide rail piece,
The upper right angle guide rail piece, the lower right angle guide rail piece, the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block, the upper positioning rod, the lower positioning rod, the clamping piece and the right angle perspective positioning ruler are all made of materials which are not developed on an X-ray film,
The scale marks of the side perspective positioning ruler and the scale marks of the right angle perspective positioning ruler are made of materials developed on X-ray films,
The coordinate adjusting mechanism includes:
the adjusting block is provided with a horizontal hole;
One end of the horizontal rod is connected with the positioning mechanism and movably penetrates through the horizontal hole;
The sleeve is arranged above the supporting mechanism;
One end of the movable sleeve rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting block, the other end of the movable sleeve rod is movably penetrated in the sleeve, the axis of the horizontal rod is mutually perpendicular to the axis of the movable sleeve rod,
Or the coordinate adjusting mechanism includes:
the adjusting block is provided with a horizontal hole;
One end of the horizontal rod is connected with the positioning mechanism and movably penetrates through the horizontal hole;
The vertical rod is a telescopic rod, one end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the adjusting block, the other end of the vertical rod is connected with the supporting mechanism,
Two the end that goes up the locating lever is close to each other all has conical screw spare, two the end that goes down the locating lever is close to each other all has conical screw spare.
2. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
wherein, the holder includes:
the universal joint ball is provided with a groove and is used for clamping the puncture instrument;
The joint ball sleeve clamp is sleeved outside the universal joint ball;
At least two spliced poles are arranged outside the joint ball sleeve clamp, each spliced pole is provided with at least one threaded hole, the threaded holes are matched with the conical threaded pieces, and at least two axes of the threaded holes are perpendicular to each other.
3. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
the clamping piece is L-shaped, two ends of the clamping piece are respectively provided with a threaded hole, at least one groove for accommodating the puncture instrument is formed in the folded corner, and the threaded holes are matched with the conical threaded piece.
4. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
the right angle guide rail comprises an upper right angle guide rail piece and a lower right angle guide rail piece, wherein a plurality of fixing columns are arranged between the upper right angle guide rail piece and the lower right angle guide rail piece and used for controlling the distance between the upper right angle guide rail piece and the lower right angle guide rail piece.
5. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,
Wherein, the supporting mechanism includes:
the support plate is provided with a groove with an opening facing the side surface, and the top of the support plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the coordinate adjusting mechanism;
a clamping plate disposed in the groove, and
And the clamping plate adjusting screw is penetrated at the bottom of the supporting plate, one end of the clamping plate adjusting screw, which is penetrated in the groove, is fixedly connected with the clamping plate and is used for adjusting the position of the clamping plate.
6. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,
Wherein, the supporting mechanism includes:
The wheel frame is arranged at the bottom of the coordinate adjusting mechanism and is provided with a plurality of wheel feet;
the number of the universal wheels is the same as that of the casters, one universal wheel is arranged below each caster, and
The number of the universal wheel locking pieces is the same as that of the universal wheels, and each universal wheel locking piece is arranged at each wheel foot and used for locking the universal wheels when the universal wheels are not required to rotate.
7. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,
Wherein, the supporting mechanism includes:
and the ceiling fixing base is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the ceiling.
8. The dual coordinate space positioning apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,
Wherein, the coordinate adjusting mechanism further includes:
The spherical joint is arranged at one end of the vertical rod;
One end of the horizontal fixing rod is connected with the spherical joint, the other end of the horizontal fixing rod is connected with the supporting mechanism, the horizontal fixing rod is arranged in parallel with the horizontal rod,
The support mechanism includes:
The wall fixing base is fixedly arranged on the wall.
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| CN112056665B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-07-05 | 太仓繁晟电子科技有限公司 | A kind of auxiliary scribing device for cloth |
| CN114010283B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2025-01-28 | 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院 | A laser positioning device for CT-guided percutaneous trans-laminar pulmonary puncture |
| CN114477033A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Electric power metering field detection communication system and use method |
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| DE4200748A1 (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-07-15 | S Paul Kamaljit | Stereo-tactile device for aligning puncturing instrument on target - locates device in back region of patient body comprising rectangular baseplate and two mutually parallel guide rails arranged spaced inwards from two parallel sides. |
| CN100386060C (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2008-05-07 | 北京科霖众医学技术研究所 | An in vitro directional guidance device for an in vivo target |
| CN101120881A (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-02-13 | 上海导向医疗系统有限公司 | CT positioning percutaneously inserting puncture instrument |
| CN206473383U (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-09-08 | 刘寰 | The quick servicing unit for determining puncture path in a kind of operation for spinal puncture |
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