CN111543642A - Composition for promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition for promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition for promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises the following amino acid raw materials in percentage by weight: 37-50% of L-leucine, 8-11% of L-isoleucine, 8-11% of L-valine, 6-11% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0-4% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 2-6% of L-phenylalanine and 0-3% of L-tryptophan. The composition has good application effect in promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, and has the functions of up-regulating muscle content, increasing essential amino acid content in blood and up-regulating muscle protein signal pathway in long-term endurance exercise, thereby achieving better effect of promoting muscle synthesis after endurance exercise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nutritional composition, in particular to a composition prepared from essential amino acids and used for promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rise of exercise and fitness hot tides, more and more people change from pursuit of 'bone feeling' beauty to aesthetic feeling of health and compact stature, so that the demand of muscle-increasing functional products in the market is increased. Studies report that during physical exercise, the protein activity of the body changes, which may be expressed as a change in the balance of Muscle Protein Synthesis (MPS) and Muscle Protein Breakdown (MPB), causing muscle protein synthesis or breakdown, while the balance of the above 2 processes in different kinds of exercise differs, such as in resistance exercise, the body performs explosive weight exercise, the concentration of amino acids in blood is up-regulated, resulting in a strong and transient increase in MPS rate and mild inhibition of MPB, and when exercise is repeated over time, resulting in gradual radial growth (i.e., hypertrophy) of skeletal muscle; in the anoxic exercise, the body performs high-intensity exercise, anoxic energy supply exists, MPS and MPB both tend to rise along with the increase of exercise load, but under the condition of no additional supplement, the rising rate of MPB is higher than MPS, and the MPB is expressed as the consumption and decomposition of muscle protein; during endurance exercise, the body synthesizes new proteins in the sarcoplasmic, myofibrillar, collagen/extracellular matrix proteins to increase skeletal muscle proteome remodeling.
Therefore, according to the difference of the synthesis-decomposition balance of muscle protein caused by various types of exercise, it is possible to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, promote muscle remodeling, increase the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to mechanical stress, promote the growth and repair of contractile protein, reduce the muscle damage index, and accelerate the recovery of muscle function, etc. by supplementing some nutritional supplements. That is, maximal synthesis of skeletal muscle can be promoted by ingestion of sufficient amounts of nutrients in combination with moderate exercise.
In the literature, macronutrients are reported to be important links in sports during endurance training, including carbohydrate, fat, protein, moisture and the like, however, in the traditional concept, the protein is less important for endurance sports people compared with carbohydrate, but enough protein intake and intake time are crucial for any athletes in both endurance training and resistance training. And the protein intake only reaches the nitrogen balance level and cannot maximize the athletic performance, and the sports people need higher protein intake to achieve the purposes of training adaptability and improving the athletic performance. Therefore, supplements containing branched chain amino acids (BCAAs leucine, isoleucine and valine), especially leucine, have attracted considerable attention in the market place due to their excellent role in metabolism, neural function and glucose/insulin regulation. However, the intake of only a large amount of leucine for a long time may aggravate exercise-induced cardiac injury. Therefore, finding a suitable formula to reasonably supplement leucine to achieve better muscle-building effect is an important problem to be solved in the formulation development of muscle-building sports nutritional supplements.
Furthermore, differences in the time of protein intake also have a different effect on the muscle protein synthesis, as transient intake of large amounts of protein during strenuous exercise such as long endurance exercise may up-regulate MPS 24 hours after exercise. Although prolonged endurance exercise may cause catabolic states and lead to muscle breakdown, the increased sensitivity of the body to oral protein intake during this period of time provides the ideal time for additional protein intake to optimize the body's absorption of amino acids to maintain muscle mass after endurance exercise. For moderate endurance exercise, protein intake both immediately before exercise and within 0-2 hours after exercise can maximally stimulate MPS and activate the associated myogenic pathway signaling proteins mTOR, p70s6k, Akt, etc.
At present, whey protein is widely used as a main component in muscle-building sports nutrition. Compared with other high-quality proteins, the whey protein has complete nutritional ingredients, contains high-quality complete protein, has higher branched chain amino acid content, especially leucine, is reasonable in nutritional proportion and easy to digest and absorb, can increase the concentration of amino acid in blood shortly after being ingested, and can quickly stimulate muscle protein synthesis.
A series of related compositions aimed at promoting skeletal muscle production for different populations of different motor types are also described in the prior patents: for example, patent CN102665445A provides a mixture of protein or essential amino acids and carbohydrate, which aims at the energy requirement and muscle-building characteristics of the body under the anoxic condition in the repeated sprint training, and increases the carbohydrate content to achieve good muscle-building effect, but in the long-term endurance exercise type, the fatigue feeling in the exercise can be aggravated by taking high carbohydrate supplement for a long time; patent CN103766696B provides a muscle-building composition, aiming at the characteristics of weak gastrointestinal tract function and low protein absorption and utilization rate of old people application people, a high-content high-quality protein composition is selected, the protein absorption of the old people is promoted, the muscle quality and the muscle capacity of the old people are improved, and the age-related muscle attenuation is reduced. However, the muscle structure of the elderly is different from that of the sports population, and the muscle structure of the sports population is poor in absorption, so that the muscle-building function composition provided by the patent has high protein content, and if the composition is taken for the sports population for a long time, the liver and kidney can be burdened. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new muscle-building product to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a composition for promoting muscle development after endurance exercise, which is prepared from essential amino acids in a scientific proportion, a rat weight-bearing swimming exercise model is established, the endurance exercise process of a human body is simulated, the generation effect of skeletal muscle after exercise of the composition is detected, the result shows that the effect of up-regulating the muscle content, increasing the essential amino acid content in blood and activating the muscle-development protein signal channel is achieved, the muscle-development effect of the composition after endurance exercise is verified, and the result shows that the muscle-development effect is superior to that of whey protein.
The invention provides a composition for promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise, which is prepared from essential amino acids, and comprises the following amino acid raw materials in percentage by weight: 37-50% of L-leucine, 8-11% of L-isoleucine, 8-11% of L-valine, 6-11% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0-4% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 2-6% of L-phenylalanine and 0-3% of L-tryptophan. In particular, the composition of example 1 has a better effect of promoting muscle growth after endurance exercise.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned endurance exercise-promoting composition comprising the following steps: crushing the amino acid raw material to a particle size of less than 100 mu m, mixing, preferably to a particle size of less than 75 mu m, and adding 1-10% by mass of phospholipid as a cosolvent to obtain the amino acid product, wherein the addition amount of the cosolvent is 1-5% of the total weight of the product.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a composition prepared from the essential amino acids described above in the preparation of a medicament for promoting skeletal muscle production following exercise for long-term endurance.
Furthermore, the application is the application of the composition prepared from the essential amino acid in preparing foods, health-care products and medicines for promoting skeletal muscle generation after endurance exercise.
Further, the above composition prepared from the essential amino acid is made into a solid or liquid preparation as an active ingredient.
Further, the application refers to the application of the composition prepared from the essential amino acid in preparing medicines for increasing the muscle/body weight ratio, the blood branched chain amino acid content and the mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathway activity after exercise.
Further, the application is that the dosage of the composition prepared by the essential amino acid is 0.12g-0.16/kg BW/day; the oral administration is preferable, and the administration time is more preferably within 2 hours after exercise.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the composition prepared from the essential amino acid can be taken during long-term endurance exercise, has the effects of up-regulating muscle content, increasing the content of the essential amino acid in blood and activating a myoprotein signal pathway, and achieves the better effect of promoting muscle synthesis after endurance exercise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a statistical graph of muscle/body weight ratios for rats in the blank control group, weight bearing swim group, EAA1 group, EAA2 group, and EAA3 group.
FIG. 2 is a statistical graph of muscle/body weight ratios of rats in the blank control group, weight bearing swimming group, EAA group, and WP group.
FIG. 3 is a statistical chart of the plasma branched-chain amino acid content of rats in the blank control group, the weight swimming group, the EAA group and the WP group.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the expression of mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathway in rats in the blank control group, weight swimming group, EAA group and WP group.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
All percentages, percentages in this application are by mass unless explicitly stated otherwise.
The invention prepares the amino acid microcapsule powder composition with the following mixture ratio of table 1, and the preparation method of the amino acid product comprises the following steps: 1. crushing the amino acid raw materials to reduce the granularity of the raw materials from D99300 mu m to 75 mu m or lower; 2. adding phospholipid with the weight of 1-5% of the product as a cosolvent, and adding the phospholipid into the product after preparing the phospholipid into the product with the concentration of 1-10%; 3. and (4) obtaining an amino acid product by utilizing a granulating and mixing process.
TABLE 1 amino acid microcapsule powder compositions of different proportions
| Composition (I) | EAA1(％) | EAA2(％) | EAA3(％) |
| L-leucine | 43 | 37 | 50 |
| L-isoleucine | 10 | 11 | 8.5 |
| L-valine | 10 | 10 | 9 |
| L-threonine | 8.6 | 10 | 7.5 |
| L-lysine hydrochloride | 16.7 | 20 | 15 |
| L-methionine | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| L-histidine | 2.4 | 3 | 2 |
| L-phenylalanine | 4.3 | 2 | 6 |
| L-tryptophan | 2 | 3 | 0 |
The following examples use whey protein as a control, simulate endurance exercise at animal level, ingest the following amino acid microcapsule powder compositions or controls to verify the muscle building effect of the product.
Example 1
Influence of different proportions of EAA microcapsule powder on muscle content of load-bearing swimming rat
(I) test materials
(1) Experimental animals:
strain: wistar rats, male, SPF grade;
the source is as follows: SPF animal center of university of Dalian medicine;
weight: 180-220g
Number of animals per group: 10 pieces of
(2) The test substance: EAA microcapsule powder compositions (EAA1, EAA2 and EAA3) with a dosage of 756 mg/kg-BW according to 3 different mixture ratios in Table 1; before the supplement is used, the corresponding supplements are respectively dissolved in water to obtain gavage sample solution, and the gavage sample solution is gavage to take according to grouping requirements.
(II) Experimental method
Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, and each group was fed with regular basal diet. The test results were blank control group, weight swimming + EAA1 group (EAA1 group), weight swimming + EAA2 group (EAA2 group), and weight swimming + EAA3 group (EAA3 group). The treatment method comprises the following steps: the rats in the blank control group daily move, and the rest rats perform weight-bearing swimming movement every 3 days in such a way that the tail of each rat bears a weight of 10% of a lead block, swim in a swimming water tank for 10-15min, and are gazed with each test object according to grouping requirements within 2 hours after the movement is finished. The above experiment was repeated for 7 weeks. After 7 weeks of experimental period, weighing, pulling off cervical vertebra, killing, weighing rat double hind limb gastrocnemius muscles, calculating muscle mass/body weight, researching the essential amino acid microcapsule powder composition after the formula is optimized, and promoting the muscle synthesis effect after endurance exercise.
The following examples were statistically analyzed using GraphPad prism5.0 statistical software, with the metrics expressed as mean. + -. standard deviation (mean. + -. SEM), and comparisons between groups were statistically significant using unpaired t test (unpaired ttest) with P <0.05 as the difference. P <0.05, P <0.001, compared to the weight swimming group, # P <0.01, # P <0.001, compared to the EAA group, # P <0.001
(III) results of the experiment
The rats in each group grew well in the whole test period, and no diarrhea or death phenomenon occurs, and abnormal behaviors do not appear. In this example, the ratio of gastrocnemius mass to total body weight was examined, as shown in fig. 1, the muscle/body ratios of the EAA microcapsule powder mixtures of 3 different ratios all showed up-regulation trends of 0.018, 0.017, and 0.016, respectively, and compared with the weight-bearing swimming group, the muscle/body ratio increases respectively to 39.9% in the EAA1 group, 29.2% in the EAA2 group, and 20.0% in the EAA3 group, wherein the muscle/body ratio up-regulation effect of the EAA1 group is superior to that of the other two groups (EAA2 group and EAA3 group), and is respectively improved by 8.3% and 16.6% compared with that of the other two groups (EAA2 group. It was demonstrated that the essential amino acid mixture of the EAA1 group ratio had the best effect of increasing the muscle/body ratio under this exercise model. Therefore, in the following examples, the muscle-increasing effect of essential amino acid microcapsule powder prepared by EAA1 is deeply studied by taking whey protein WPC-8200 powder as a control.
Example 2
Effect of EAA microcapsule powder on muscle content of rat bearing swimming
(I) test materials
(1) Experimental animals:
strain: wistar rats, male, SPF grade;
the source is as follows: SPF animal center of university of Dalian medicine;
weight: 180-220g
Number of animals per group: 10 pieces of
(2) The test substance: the EAA1 is compounded with microcapsule powder composition in 756mg/kg BW dose
WPC-8200 whey protein powder with dose of 2079m g/kg BW
(II) Experimental method
Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group of rats fed a conventional basal diet. The group was blank control group, weight swimming + EAA1 formula amino acid supplement group (EAA1 group), weight swimming + whey protein WPC-8200 group (WP group). The treatment method comprises the following steps: the rats in the blank control group daily move, the rest rats perform weight-bearing swimming movement every 3 days in such a way that the tail of each rat bears a weight of 10% of a lead block, the rats spontaneously swim in a swimming water tank for 10-15min, and within 2 hours after the movement is finished, the EAA microcapsule powder and the WP powder are respectively dissolved in water to obtain intragastric sample solution which is intragastric administered according to the grouping requirement. The above experiment was repeated for 7 weeks. After the 7-week experimental period, tail vein blood of the rat is extracted, the cervical vertebra is pulled off to be killed, and the gastrocnemius muscles of the two hind limbs are weighed and detected.
(III) results of the experiment
The rats in each group grew well in the whole test period, and no diarrhea or death phenomenon occurs, and abnormal behaviors do not appear. In the example, the ratio of the mass of gastrocnemius to the total body weight is detected, as shown in fig. 2, the muscle/body ratio of 2 supplements is in an up-regulation trend, respectively reaches 0.018 in the EAA group and 0.015 in the WP group, and the muscle/body ratio of the EAA group is remarkably higher than that of the WP group, which is equivalent to an increase of 20.0% compared with the WP group. It is proved that under the exercise model, the intake of the EAA microcapsule powder can increase the muscle content more remarkably.
Example 3
Influence of EAA microcapsule powder on blood branched chain amino acid content of rat in swimming bearing sport
(I) Experimental method
The tail vein blood samples from the rats of each group in example 2 were tested for the content of 3 branched chain amino acids according to the ELISA kit test method.
(II) results of the experiment
3 branched-chain amino acids are used as main raw materials for muscle generation, and the content of the branched-chain amino acids in blood somewhat influences the muscle synthesis level of a body. As shown in fig. 3A-C, there was a clear up-regulation trend in blood branched chain amino acid content for the 2 supplement feeding groups, with the following results: plasma leucine levels of 415pmol/L and 312pmol/L are respectively reached in the EAA group and the WP group, and the EAA group is 33 percent higher than the WP group; plasma isoleucine levels of the EAA group and the WP group reach 255pmol/L and 200pmol/L respectively, and the EAA group is 28% higher than the WP group; plasma valine levels of 367pmol/L and 281pmol/L in the EAA group and the WP group respectively are achieved, the EAA group is higher than the WP group by 31%, and the condition that the intake of the EAA more obviously causes the up-regulation of the content of the branched-chain amino acid in blood under the same exercise level is proved.
Example 4
Effect of EAA microcapsule powder on mTOR/p70S6K1 signaling pathway activity of weight-bearing swimming rats
(I) Experimental method
Gastrocnemius samples from rats of each group in example 2 were lysed and centrifuged to extract muscle tissue proteins, and the contents of the proteins p-mTOR, p-p70S6K1, and p70S6K1 were determined according to the western blot assay kit.
(II) results of the experiment
The mTOR/p70S6K1 signal pathway is a classical protein pathway for guiding the synthesis of muscle protein of a body, and when the body takes in substances for promoting the synthesis of the protein, the pathway can be stimulated to be activated, the activation mode is cascade phosphorylation of the pathway protein, and the pathway protein shows high phosphorylation levels (p-p70S6K1/p70S6K1 and p-mTOR/mTOR) of related proteins so as to guide the synthesis of the muscle protein. As shown in FIG. 4A, the protein abundance of mTOR/p70S6K1 is shown, and the relative expression amount of different histones is reflected by the shade of each strip color. As shown in FIGS. 4B-C, P-mTOR/mTOR was significantly upregulated in the EAA and WP groups compared to the weight-bearing group, with P values of 0.0008 and 0.0035, respectively, indicating that ingestion of EAA caused more significant phosphorylation of mTOR, i.e., activation of mTOR, than in the WP group, and similarly, P-P70S6K1/P70S6K1 was also significantly upregulated in the EAA and WP groups compared to the weight-bearing group, and P values of 0.0014 and 0.0023, respectively, indicating that ingestion of EAA caused more significant upregulation of P-P70S6K1 content, resulting in activation of P70S6K1, compared to the WP group. In conclusion, the EAA group has stronger effect of activating mTOR/p70S6K1 signal pathway and better muscle-increasing effect compared with the WP group.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A composition for promoting muscle building following endurance exercise, comprising: the amino acid feed additive consists of the following amino acid raw materials in percentage by weight: 37-50% of L-leucine, 8-11% of L-isoleucine, 8-11% of L-valine, 6-11% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0-4% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 2-6% of L-phenylalanine and 0-3% of L-tryptophan.
2. A method of preparing a endurance exercise promoting composition according to claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: crushing the amino acid raw material to a particle size of less than 100 mu m, mixing, preferably to a particle size of less than 75 mu m, and adding 1-10% by mass of phospholipid as a cosolvent to obtain the amino acid product, wherein the addition amount of the cosolvent is 1-5% of the total weight of the product.
3. Use of a composition according to claim 1 for the preparation of a medicament for promoting skeletal muscle production after long-term endurance exercise.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the composition is applied to preparing foods, health-care products and medicines for promoting skeletal muscle generation after endurance exercise.
5. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the composition is used as an active ingredient and is prepared into a solid or liquid preparation.
6. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the application refers to the application of the composition in preparing products for increasing the muscle/body weight ratio, the blood branched chain amino acid content and the mTOR/p70S6K1 signal pathway activity after exercise.
7. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dosage of the composition is 0.12g-0.16/kg BW/day.
8. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the composition is administered within 2 hours of exercise.
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