CN111524415A - Radar signal processing teaching platform based on FPGA and working method thereof - Google Patents
Radar signal processing teaching platform based on FPGA and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电子控制领域，具体涉及一种基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台及其工作方法。The invention belongs to the field of electronic control, in particular to an FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform and a working method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着数字信号处理技术的不断发展，雷达系统日趋复杂，种类繁多。实际雷达价格昂贵，受资金以及教学的实用性的影响，一般的高校配备真实雷达设备数量较少，系统落后，显示界面不够直观，不利于学生理解雷达的工作原理和雷达信号处理过程，雷达分组实训效率较低，效果差，难以满足教学要求；因此各高校多采用以软件仿真为基础的雷达系统教学平台，能够形象化的体现雷达从信号产生、目标模拟、目标检测、航迹跟踪等雷达工作的各个阶段，但基于软件仿真的雷达系统教学平台提供的毕竟不是真实雷达图像，而是模拟的雷达图像，与真实雷达图像具有一定的差距，给学生的学习带来负面影响。In recent years, with the continuous development of digital signal processing technology, radar systems have become increasingly complex and varied. The actual price of radar is expensive. Affected by funds and the practicality of teaching, general colleges and universities are equipped with a small number of real radar equipment, the system is backward, and the display interface is not intuitive, which is not conducive to students' understanding of the working principle of radar and the process of radar signal processing. The training efficiency is low, the effect is poor, and it is difficult to meet the teaching requirements; therefore, colleges and universities mostly use the radar system teaching platform based on software simulation, which can visualize the radar's signal generation, target simulation, target detection, track tracking, etc. At various stages of radar work, the radar system teaching platform based on software simulation provides not real radar images after all, but simulated radar images.
现有的雷达信号处理教学平台多是基于软件仿真，不利于学生理解雷达的工作原理及信号处理过程。实际雷达或因为价格等原因无法普及，或是集成度不够，涵盖的雷达信号处理技术较少，不便于学生从多个角度理解雷达信号处理的过程，并且教学方式比较混乱，使学生学习起来比较困难。基于以上存在的诸多问题及缺陷，需要对雷达信号处理教学平台进行改进。Most of the existing radar signal processing teaching platforms are based on software simulation, which is not conducive to students' understanding of the working principle and signal processing process of radar. The actual radar cannot be popularized due to reasons such as price, or the integration is not enough, and the radar signal processing technology covered is less, which is not convenient for students to understand the process of radar signal processing from multiple perspectives, and the teaching method is relatively chaotic, making students more difficult to learn. difficulty. Based on the above problems and defects, it is necessary to improve the teaching platform of radar signal processing.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种参数配置灵活简易、雷达信号处理过程直观、雷达信号处理方法多样的基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台及其工作方法，以满足不同教学用户的需求。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform and its working method with flexible and simple parameter configuration, intuitive radar signal processing process, and various radar signal processing methods, so as to meet the needs of different teaching users.
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为：一种基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台，包括显控计算机、雷达回波模拟模块、雷达信号处理模块和示波器，所述显控计算机、雷达信号处理模块、示波器均与雷达回波模拟模块连接，且雷达回波模拟模块、雷达信号处理模块分别与示波器连接，其中：The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is: an FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform, comprising a display control computer, a radar echo simulation module, a radar signal processing module and an oscilloscope, the display control computer, the radar signal processing module, The oscilloscope is connected to the radar echo simulation module, and the radar echo simulation module and the radar signal processing module are respectively connected to the oscilloscope, among which:
显控计算机，用于配置雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号，以及分析雷达信号处理模块回传的雷达探测目标信号；The display and control computer is used to configure the radar echo intermediate frequency signal of the radar echo simulation module, and to analyze the radar detection target signal returned by the radar signal processing module;
雷达回波模拟模块，用于模拟雷达回波中频信号，并发送至雷达信号处理模块；The radar echo simulation module is used to simulate the radar echo intermediate frequency signal and send it to the radar signal processing module;
雷达信号处理模块，用于接收雷达回波模拟模块发送的雷达回波中频信号，并进行信号处理得到雷达探测目标信号，将该雷达探测目标信号经过雷达回波模拟模块发送至显控计算机；The radar signal processing module is used to receive the radar echo intermediate frequency signal sent by the radar echo simulation module, and perform signal processing to obtain the radar detection target signal, and send the radar detection target signal to the display and control computer through the radar echo simulation module;
示波器，用于显示雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号的波形，以及雷达信号处理模块处理后所得雷达探测目标信号的波形。The oscilloscope is used to display the waveform of the radar echo intermediate frequency signal of the radar echo simulation module, and the waveform of the radar detection target signal processed by the radar signal processing module.
进一步地，所述显控计算机还包括软件仿真模块，用于仿真雷达回波中频信号和雷达探测目标信号，并与示波器显示的结果进行对比。Further, the display and control computer also includes a software simulation module for simulating the radar echo intermediate frequency signal and the radar detection target signal, and comparing with the results displayed by the oscilloscope.
进一步地，所述雷达回波模拟模块，用于模拟雷达回波中频信号，具体如下：Further, the radar echo simulation module is used to simulate the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, and the details are as follows:
雷达回波模拟模块根据显控计算机计算配置参数后生成回波信号，并且实时模拟外部环境产生的干扰信息，从而完成雷达回波中频信号的模拟。The radar echo simulation module generates echo signals after calculating the configuration parameters according to the display and control computer, and simulates the interference information generated by the external environment in real time, so as to complete the simulation of the radar echo intermediate frequency signal.
进一步地，所述雷达信号处理模块，通过显控计算机配置不同的信号处理方式，从而实现多种雷达目标检测过程教学。Further, the radar signal processing module configures different signal processing methods through the display and control computer, so as to realize the teaching of various radar target detection processes.
进一步地，所述雷达回波模拟模块包括了FPGA芯片和DAC芯片，所述FPGA芯片型号为XC7K410TFFG901，所述DAC芯片型号为DAC3164。Further, the radar echo simulation module includes an FPGA chip and a DAC chip, the model of the FPGA chip is XC7K410TFFG901, and the model of the DAC chip is DAC3164.
进一步地，所述雷达信号处理模块包括了FPGA芯片、ADC芯片和DAC芯片，FPGA芯片型号为XC7K410TFFG901，所述ADC芯片型号为AD9914，所述DAC芯片型号为DAC3164。Further, the radar signal processing module includes an FPGA chip, an ADC chip and a DAC chip. The model of the FPGA chip is XC7K410TFFG901, the model of the ADC chip is AD9914, and the model of the DAC chip is DAC3164.
一种基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台的工作方法，具体为：A working method of an FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform, specifically:
步骤1、通过显控计算机设定雷达信号波形，探测目标个数、位置、速度、方位角信息，杂波类型以及噪声大小的信息，然后将配置信息发送至雷达回波模拟模块；Step 1. Set the radar signal waveform through the display and control computer, detect the information of the number of targets, position, speed, azimuth angle, clutter type and noise size, and then send the configuration information to the radar echo simulation module;
步骤2、雷达回波模拟模块根据配置信息产生相应的雷达回波中频信号，然后经过DAC芯片将雷达回波中频信号由数字信号转换成模拟信号；Step 2, the radar echo simulation module generates a corresponding radar echo intermediate frequency signal according to the configuration information, and then converts the radar echo intermediate frequency signal from a digital signal into an analog signal through a DAC chip;
步骤3、雷达信号处理模块接收雷达回波中频信号，由ADC芯片将模拟信号转换为数字信号，然后经过雷达信号处理，提取雷达探测目标信号，发送至显控计算机；Step 3. The radar signal processing module receives the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC chip, and then processes the radar signal to extract the radar detection target signal and send it to the display and control computer;
步骤4、显控计算机接收雷达探测目标信号进行处理得到仿真波形图，示波器显示雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号的波形以及雷达信号处理模块处理后所得雷达探测目标信号的波形，将显控计算机所得仿真波形图与示波器显示的波形图进行对比。Step 4. The display and control computer receives the radar detection target signal and processes it to obtain a simulated waveform diagram. The oscilloscope displays the radar echo intermediate frequency signal waveform of the radar echo simulation module and the radar detection target signal waveform obtained after processing by the radar signal processing module. The simulation waveform obtained by the control computer is compared with the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope.
进一步地，步骤2所述雷达回波模拟模块根据配置信息产生相应的雷达回波中频信号，其中：Further, the radar echo simulation module described in step 2 generates a corresponding radar echo intermediate frequency signal according to the configuration information, wherein:
探测目标的位置信息根据设定的距离产生的信号延迟确定，速度信息由多普勒频率确定，方位角由多通道回波幅度比值确定，外部环境产生的干扰杂波由线性反馈移位寄存器的方法产生。The position information of the detection target is determined according to the signal delay generated by the set distance, the speed information is determined by the Doppler frequency, the azimuth angle is determined by the multi-channel echo amplitude ratio, and the interference clutter generated by the external environment is determined by the linear feedback shift register. method produced.
进一步地，步骤3所述雷达信号处理模块接收雷达回波中频信号，由ADC芯片将模拟信号转换为数字信号，然后经过雷达信号处理，提取雷达探测目标信号，具体为：Further, the radar signal processing module in step 3 receives the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC chip, and then processes the radar signal to extract the radar detection target signal, specifically:
雷达信号处理模块将雷达回波中频信号由模拟信号转换成数字信号，经过正交解调转换成回波基带信号，经过脉冲压缩处理提取出探测目标的距离信息，经过动目标显示和动目标检测滤去杂波和噪声干扰，提取出探测目标速度信息，经过恒虚警检测提高检测概率，通过测角提取出目标的角度信息。The radar signal processing module converts the radar echo intermediate frequency signal from an analog signal into a digital signal, converts it into an echo baseband signal through quadrature demodulation, and extracts the distance information of the detected target through pulse compression processing. After moving target display and moving target detection Filter out clutter and noise interference, extract the speed information of the detection target, improve the detection probability through constant false alarm detection, and extract the angle information of the target through angle measurement.
进一步地，所述示波器显示的波形图，具体包括中频回波波形、正交解调后波形、脉冲压缩后波形以及动目标检测后波形。Further, the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope specifically includes an intermediate frequency echo waveform, a waveform after quadrature demodulation, a waveform after pulse compression, and a waveform after moving target detection.
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点为：(1)充分利用了软件平台和硬件平台，设计集成度高，模拟了逼近真实的外部环境，参数修改灵活，涵盖了多种雷达信号处理方法；(2)参数配置灵活简易、雷达信号处理方法多样，可直观的观察雷达软件仿真结果和硬件仿真结果，满足不同雷达教学用户的需求。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) the software platform and the hardware platform are fully utilized, the design integration is high, the external environment close to the real is simulated, the parameter modification is flexible, and the processing of various radar signals is covered Method; (2) The parameter configuration is flexible and simple, and the radar signal processing methods are various, which can intuitively observe the radar software simulation results and hardware simulation results, and meet the needs of different radar teaching users.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是雷达信号处理教学平台的总体结构。Figure 1 is the overall structure of the radar signal processing teaching platform.
图2是雷达信号处理教学平台的算法示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the algorithm of the radar signal processing teaching platform.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台，包括显控计算机、雷达回波模拟模块、雷达信号处理模块和示波器，所述显控计算机、雷达信号处理模块、示波器均与雷达回波模拟模块连接，且雷达回波模拟模块、雷达信号处理模块分别与示波器连接，其中：The FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform of the present invention includes a display control computer, a radar echo simulation module, a radar signal processing module and an oscilloscope. The display control computer, the radar signal processing module and the oscilloscope are all connected with the radar echo simulation module. And the radar echo simulation module and radar signal processing module are respectively connected with the oscilloscope, among which:
显控计算机，用于配置雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号，以及分析雷达信号处理模块回传的雷达探测目标信号；The display and control computer is used to configure the radar echo intermediate frequency signal of the radar echo simulation module, and to analyze the radar detection target signal returned by the radar signal processing module;
雷达回波模拟模块，用于模拟雷达回波中频信号，并发送至雷达信号处理模块；The radar echo simulation module is used to simulate the radar echo intermediate frequency signal and send it to the radar signal processing module;
雷达信号处理模块，用于接收雷达回波模拟模块发送的雷达回波中频信号，并进行信号处理得到雷达探测目标信号，将该雷达探测目标信号经过雷达回波模拟模块发送至显控计算机；The radar signal processing module is used to receive the radar echo intermediate frequency signal sent by the radar echo simulation module, and perform signal processing to obtain the radar detection target signal, and send the radar detection target signal to the display and control computer through the radar echo simulation module;
示波器，用于显示雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号的波形，以及雷达信号处理模块处理后所得雷达探测目标信号的波形。The oscilloscope is used to display the waveform of the radar echo intermediate frequency signal of the radar echo simulation module, and the waveform of the radar detection target signal processed by the radar signal processing module.
进一步地，所述显控计算机还包括软件仿真模块，用于仿真雷达回波中频信号和雷达探测目标信号，并与示波器显示的结果进行对比。Further, the display and control computer also includes a software simulation module for simulating the radar echo intermediate frequency signal and the radar detection target signal, and comparing with the results displayed by the oscilloscope.
进一步地，所述雷达回波模拟模块，用于模拟雷达回波中频信号，具体如下：Further, the radar echo simulation module is used to simulate the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, and the details are as follows:
雷达回波模拟模块根据显控计算机计算配置参数后生成回波信号，并且实时模拟外部环境产生的干扰信息，从而完成雷达回波中频信号的模拟。The radar echo simulation module generates echo signals after calculating the configuration parameters according to the display and control computer, and simulates the interference information generated by the external environment in real time, so as to complete the simulation of the radar echo intermediate frequency signal.
进一步地，所述雷达信号处理模块，通过显控计算机配置不同的信号处理方式，从而实现多种雷达目标检测过程教学。Further, the radar signal processing module configures different signal processing methods through the display and control computer, so as to realize the teaching of various radar target detection processes.
进一步地，所述雷达回波模拟模块包括了FPGA芯片和DAC芯片，所述FPGA芯片型号为XC7K410TFFG901，所述DAC芯片型号为DAC3164。Further, the radar echo simulation module includes an FPGA chip and a DAC chip, the model of the FPGA chip is XC7K410TFFG901, and the model of the DAC chip is DAC3164.
进一步地，所述雷达信号处理模块包括了FPGA芯片、ADC芯片和DAC芯片，FPGA芯片型号为XC7K410TFFG901，所述ADC芯片型号为AD9914，所述DAC芯片型号为DAC3164。Further, the radar signal processing module includes an FPGA chip, an ADC chip and a DAC chip. The model of the FPGA chip is XC7K410TFFG901, the model of the ADC chip is AD9914, and the model of the DAC chip is DAC3164.
一种基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台的工作方法，具体为：A working method of an FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform, specifically:
步骤1、通过显控计算机设定雷达信号波形，探测目标个数、位置、速度、方位角信息，杂波类型以及噪声大小的信息，然后将配置信息发送至雷达回波模拟模块；Step 1. Set the radar signal waveform through the display and control computer, detect the information of the number of targets, position, speed, azimuth angle, clutter type and noise size, and then send the configuration information to the radar echo simulation module;
步骤2、雷达回波模拟模块根据配置信息产生相应的雷达回波中频信号，然后经过DAC芯片将雷达回波中频信号由数字信号转换成模拟信号；Step 2, the radar echo simulation module generates a corresponding radar echo intermediate frequency signal according to the configuration information, and then converts the radar echo intermediate frequency signal from a digital signal into an analog signal through a DAC chip;
步骤3、雷达信号处理模块接收雷达回波中频信号，由ADC芯片将模拟信号转换为数字信号，然后经过雷达信号处理，提取雷达探测目标信号，发送至显控计算机；Step 3. The radar signal processing module receives the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC chip, and then processes the radar signal to extract the radar detection target signal and send it to the display and control computer;
步骤4、显控计算机接收雷达探测目标信号进行处理得到仿真波形图，示波器显示雷达回波模拟模块的雷达回波中频信号的波形以及雷达信号处理模块处理后所得雷达探测目标信号的波形，将显控计算机所得仿真波形图与示波器显示的波形图进行对比。Step 4. The display and control computer receives the radar detection target signal and processes it to obtain a simulated waveform diagram. The oscilloscope displays the radar echo intermediate frequency signal waveform of the radar echo simulation module and the radar detection target signal waveform obtained after processing by the radar signal processing module. The simulation waveform obtained by the control computer is compared with the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope.
进一步地，步骤2所述雷达回波模拟模块根据配置信息产生相应的雷达回波中频信号，其中：Further, the radar echo simulation module described in step 2 generates a corresponding radar echo intermediate frequency signal according to the configuration information, wherein:
探测目标的位置信息根据设定的距离产生的信号延迟确定，速度信息由多普勒频率确定，方位角由多通道回波幅度比值确定，外部环境产生的干扰杂波由线性反馈移位寄存器的方法产生。The position information of the detection target is determined according to the signal delay generated by the set distance, the speed information is determined by the Doppler frequency, the azimuth angle is determined by the multi-channel echo amplitude ratio, and the interference clutter generated by the external environment is determined by the linear feedback shift register. method produced.
进一步地，步骤3所述雷达信号处理模块接收雷达回波中频信号，由ADC芯片将模拟信号转换为数字信号，然后经过雷达信号处理，提取雷达探测目标信号，具体为：Further, the radar signal processing module in step 3 receives the radar echo intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC chip, and then processes the radar signal to extract the radar detection target signal, specifically:
雷达信号处理模块将雷达回波中频信号由模拟信号转换成数字信号，经过正交解调转换成回波基带信号，经过脉冲压缩处理提取出探测目标的距离信息，经过动目标显示和动目标检测滤去杂波和噪声干扰，提取出探测目标速度信息，经过恒虚警检测提高检测概率，通过测角提取出目标的角度信息。The radar signal processing module converts the radar echo intermediate frequency signal from an analog signal into a digital signal, converts it into an echo baseband signal through quadrature demodulation, and extracts the distance information of the detected target through pulse compression processing. After moving target display and moving target detection Filter out clutter and noise interference, extract the speed information of the detection target, improve the detection probability through constant false alarm detection, and extract the angle information of the target through angle measurement.
进一步地，所述示波器显示的波形图，具体包括中频回波波形、正交解调后波形、脉冲压缩后波形以及动目标检测后波形。Further, the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope specifically includes an intermediate frequency echo waveform, a waveform after quadrature demodulation, a waveform after pulse compression, and a waveform after moving target detection.
本发明将软件仿真和硬件仿真相结合，以提供多体制、多功能雷达信号的产生和处理为主要内容，支持提供不同信号的产生以及示波器直观观察，支持不同参数信号处理方式的软件仿真和硬件处理，弥补了纯软件仿真的空洞性和纯硬件仿真的某些算法的局限性。The invention combines software simulation and hardware simulation to provide the generation and processing of multi-system and multi-function radar signals as the main content, supports the generation of different signals and the intuitive observation of the oscilloscope, and supports software simulation and hardware of different parameter signal processing methods. The processing makes up for the vacancy of pure software simulation and the limitation of some algorithms of pure hardware simulation.
下面通过附图并结合实例具体描述本发明，本发明的优点和实现方式将会更加明显，其中附图所示内容仅用于对本发明的解释说明，而不构成对本发明的任何意义上的限制。The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the advantages and implementations of the present invention will be more apparent. The content shown in the accompanying drawings is only used to explain the present invention, and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. .
实施例Example
如图1所示，本发明实现了一种基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台，包括显控计算机、雷达回波模拟模块、雷达信号处理模块和示波器；其中，所述显控计算机、所述雷达信号处理模块、所述示波器均与所述雷达回波模拟模块相连，且所述雷达信号处理模块、所述雷达回波模拟模块与示波器相连。As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention implements a teaching platform for radar signal processing based on FPGA, including a display and control computer, a radar echo simulation module, a radar signal processing module and an oscilloscope; wherein, the display and control computer, the radar The signal processing module and the oscilloscope are both connected to the radar echo simulation module, and the radar signal processing module and the radar echo simulation module are connected to the oscilloscope.
所述显控计算机通过仿真系统设定雷达信号、探测目标的位置速度方位角信息、外部干扰信息以及雷达信号处理算法参数。产生回波信号，仿真雷达信号处理结果并接收所述雷达信号处理模块的检测信息。The display and control computer sets the radar signal, the position and velocity azimuth angle information of the detection target, the external interference information and the parameters of the radar signal processing algorithm through the simulation system. An echo signal is generated, the radar signal processing result is simulated, and the detection information of the radar signal processing module is received.
所述雷达回波模拟模块根据所述显控计算机的设定生成添加外部干扰信息的模拟中频回波信号；所述雷达回波模拟模块基于FPGA和DAC芯片，根据所述显控计算机的设定产生中频回波信号，探测目标的位置信息由设定的距离产生的信号延迟决定，速度信息由多普勒频率决定，方位角由多通道回波幅度比值决定，外部环境产生的干扰杂波由线性反馈移位寄存器(LFSR)的方法产生，该模块还用于将模拟的回波中频信号转化为数字信号；The radar echo simulation module generates an analog intermediate frequency echo signal with external interference information added according to the setting of the display and control computer; the radar echo simulation module is based on the FPGA and the DAC chip, according to the setting of the display and control computer The intermediate frequency echo signal is generated, the position information of the detection target is determined by the signal delay generated by the set distance, the speed information is determined by the Doppler frequency, the azimuth is determined by the multi-channel echo amplitude ratio, and the interference clutter generated by the external environment is determined by The method of linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is generated, and this module is also used to convert the analog echo intermediate frequency signal into a digital signal;
所述接收雷达回波中频信息并进行处理得到雷达检测信息，回传检测信息所述显控计算机；雷达信号处理模块基于FPGA、ADC和DAC芯片，对所述雷达回波模拟模块产生的模拟中频信号转换成数字信号，经过正交解调转换成回波基带信号，经过脉冲压缩处理提取出探测目标的距离信息，经过动目标显示和动目标检测滤去杂波和噪声干扰，提取出探测目标速度信息，经过恒虚警检测提高检测概率，通过测角提取出目标的角度信息。The radar echo intermediate frequency information is received and processed to obtain radar detection information, and the detection information is returned to the display control computer; the radar signal processing module is based on FPGA, ADC and DAC chips, and the analog intermediate frequency generated by the radar echo simulation module is processed. The signal is converted into a digital signal, converted into an echo baseband signal through quadrature demodulation, and the distance information of the detection target is extracted through pulse compression processing. After moving target display and moving target detection, clutter and noise interference are filtered out, and the detection target is extracted Speed information, through constant false alarm detection to improve the detection probability, and extract the angle information of the target through angle measurement.
所述示波器用于显示中频回波波形、正交解调后波形、脉冲压缩后波形以及动目标检测后波形，可与显控计算机的软件仿真结果进行对比验证。The oscilloscope is used to display the intermediate frequency echo waveform, the waveform after quadrature demodulation, the waveform after pulse compression and the waveform after moving target detection, which can be compared and verified with the software simulation results of the display and control computer.
本实施例基于FPGA的雷达信号处理教学平台的工作方法如下：The working method of the FPGA-based radar signal processing teaching platform of the present embodiment is as follows:
1、通过显控计算机设定雷达信号波形，探测目标个数、位置、速度、方位角信息，杂波类型以及噪声的大小等信息，然后通过一定的通信方式将配置信息发送至雷达回波模拟模块。1. Set the radar signal waveform through the display and control computer, detect the target number, position, speed, azimuth information, clutter type and noise size and other information, and then send the configuration information to the radar echo simulation through a certain communication method module.
2、雷达回波模拟模块根据配置信息产生相应的回波中频信号，然后经过DAC芯片将回波中频数字信号转换成模拟信号。2. The radar echo simulation module generates the corresponding echo intermediate frequency signal according to the configuration information, and then converts the echo intermediate frequency digital signal into an analog signal through the DAC chip.
3、雷达信号处理模块接收回波中频信号，由ADC芯片将模拟信号转化为数字信号，然后经过雷达信号处理，提取探测目标信息，然后通过一定的通信方式发送至显控计算机。3. The radar signal processing module receives the echo intermediate frequency signal, converts the analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC chip, and then processes the radar signal to extract the detection target information, and then sends it to the display and control computer through a certain communication method.
4、显控计算机接收目标信息进行误差分析，输出软件仿真波形图并与示波器显示的波形图进行对比。4. The display and control computer receives the target information for error analysis, outputs the software simulation waveform and compares it with the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope.
本发明充分利用软件和硬件平台，模拟了雷达探测目标的复杂外部环境，模拟了雷达信号处理从接收中频回波至检测出目标信息的整个流程，同时在软件平台和硬件平台展示了每一步信号经处理后的时域或频域波形，具有参数配置灵活简易、雷达信号处理过程直观、雷达信号处理方法多样的特点，能够满足不同的教学用户的需求。The invention makes full use of software and hardware platforms, simulates the complex external environment of radar detection targets, simulates the entire process of radar signal processing from receiving intermediate frequency echoes to detecting target information, and displays each step signal on the software platform and hardware platform at the same time. The processed time domain or frequency domain waveform has the characteristics of flexible and simple parameter configuration, intuitive radar signal processing process, and various radar signal processing methods, which can meet the needs of different teaching users.
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