CN111522081A - Liquid lens, zoom endoscope objective lens, endoscope and zoom method - Google Patents
Liquid lens, zoom endoscope objective lens, endoscope and zoom method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111522081A CN111522081A CN202010453035.6A CN202010453035A CN111522081A CN 111522081 A CN111522081 A CN 111522081A CN 202010453035 A CN202010453035 A CN 202010453035A CN 111522081 A CN111522081 A CN 111522081A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010627 cedar oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
- G02B23/2438—Zoom objectives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid lens, a zoom endoscope objective lens, an endoscope and a zoom method, wherein the liquid lens comprises a sleeve, a first transparent glass and a second transparent glass which are respectively adhered to two ends of the sleeve, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, an electric active liquid and an insulating liquid which are positioned between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode and are not mutually soluble are sealed between the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass, and hydrophobic layers are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve and the side surfaces of the second transparent electrode facing the insulating liquid. The objective lens of the zoom endoscope realizes the miniaturization and the light weight of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope and improves the reliability by applying the liquid lens to the objective lens and arranging the lens group, and meanwhile, the lens group can realize the zoom function without moving and displacing.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of endoscopes, and in particular, to a liquid lens, a zoom endoscope objective lens, an endoscope, and a zoom method.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, in an endoscope system widely used in the medical field, an endoscope body is generally composed of a light guide portion 10, a universal cable portion 20, an operation portion 30, an insertion portion 40, a bending portion 50, and a head end portion 60. The front of the camera in the head end part 60 is provided with a lens group, in order to ensure that the image can be clear when the distance is observed within a certain range, a zoom lens is needed, and the focal length of the zoom lens can be changed within a certain range, so that the field angles of different widths, images with different sizes and different scenery ranges can be obtained. The zoom lens can change the shooting range by changing the focal length without changing the shooting distance, and the requirements of the head end part on the zoom lens are miniaturization, quick response and high reliability.
As shown in fig. 2, in the prior art, a motor 810 is generally used to drive a flexible shaft 820 to rotate, one end of the flexible shaft 820 is in threaded connection with a lens holder 830, and when the flexible shaft 820 rotates, the lens holder 830 can drive a lens to move, thereby changing a focal length.
It can be seen that the endoscope head end zoom lens of the prior art realizes zooming and image surface compensation by controlling the lens group movement, and the movement distance of the lens group limits the miniaturization of the zoom lens; meanwhile, the precise mechanical structure for controlling the lens group to move is also complex to process, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the zoom lens; in the process of zooming by moving the lens group, mechanical abrasion is inevitably generated, and the reliability of the zoom lens is reduced.
In addition, with the development of science and technology, the liquid lens is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as image acquisition, target tracking, biological identification and the like, has unique attraction, and becomes one of the research hotspots in the current micro-nano research field. However, the existing liquid lens has a slightly complex structure and a slightly higher cost.
The person skilled in the art therefore strives to develop a miniaturized zoom endoscope objective.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized zoom endoscope objective lens.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a liquid lens, which includes a sleeve, and a first transparent glass and a second transparent glass respectively bonded to two ends of the sleeve, wherein a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, an electrically active liquid and an insulating liquid are sealed between the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass, the electrically active liquid and the insulating liquid are immiscible with each other between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode, and hydrophobic layers are disposed on inner walls of the sleeve and sides of the second transparent electrode facing the insulating liquid.
Preferably, the electroactive liquid is a potassium chloride solution, and the insulating liquid is cedar oil.
Preferably, the hydrophobic layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene; the sleeve is made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin; in order to improve the imaging quality, the first transparent glass and the second transparent glass are provided with transparent indium tin oxide films.
The invention also provides a zoom endoscope objective lens which comprises a first lens with negative focal power, a second lens with positive focal power, a diaphragm, a third lens with positive focal power, a fourth lens with positive focal power and an image sensor which are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, wherein the third lens is the liquid lens.
In order to realize the miniaturization of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope, the first lens is formed by gluing a flat glass and a first plano-concave lens, and the concave surface of the first plano-concave lens faces to the image side;
the second lens is a meniscus lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the plane of the third lens faces the object side;
the fourth lens is formed by gluing a double convex lens and a second plano-concave lens, and the plane of the second plano-concave lens faces the image side.
In order to further achieve miniaturization of the zoom endoscope objective lens, the first plano-concave lens satisfies the relation: n is1＞1.8，0.7＜f1/f＜1；
Wherein n is1Is the refractive index of the first plano-concave lens, f1Is the focal length of the first plano-concave lens, and f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
The third lens satisfies the relation：1.17＜f3/f＜1.47；
Wherein f is3Is the focal length of the third lens, and f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
In order to reduce the probability of ghost images when the endoscope shoots images, an optical filter is arranged between the second lens and the diaphragm, and the optical filter and the diaphragm are in a combined structure.
To prevent damage to the objective lens surface during transport and use, the flat window glass is made of a material having a high hardness.
The invention also provides an endoscope which comprises the zoom endoscope objective lens.
The invention also provides a zooming method, which comprises the following steps:
1) after light is incident from the object side, primary divergence and primary convergence are carried out; then, the converged light passes through a diaphragm;
2) providing a liquid lens on a light path of light passing through the diaphragm, so that a potential difference is formed between an insulating liquid side and an electroactive liquid side of the liquid lens;
3) making the light passing through the diaphragm incident on the liquid lens; increasing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the insulating liquid and the electroactive liquid concave towards the image side and increase the focal length of the liquid lens; reducing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the electric insulating liquid and the active liquid protrude to the object side, and reducing the focal length of the liquid lens;
4) the light rays exiting the liquid lens are converged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the objective lens of the zoom endoscope realizes the miniaturization and the light weight of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope and improves the reliability by applying the liquid lens to the objective lens and arranging the lens group, and meanwhile, the lens group can realize the zoom function without moving and displacing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an endoscope body in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a zoom endoscope objective lens in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the principle of zooming of the liquid lens of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the liquid lens of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of zoom data in a zoom endoscope objective lens embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical transfer function at different field angles for the first group in table two of the zoom endoscope objective lens embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of field curvature and distortion of the first group in table two of the zoom endoscope objective lens embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the optical transfer function at a second set of different field angles for a second embodiment of the zoom endoscope objective lens of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the curvature of field and distortion of the second group in table two of the zoom endoscope objective lens embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular manner, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 3, the liquid lens mainly comprises an electrode layer 101, an insulating layer 102, a conductive liquid 103, and an applied voltage 104; when the applied voltage is zero, the shape of the conductive liquid 103 is shown by a dotted line; when the applied voltage is not zero, certain charges are collected on two sides of the insulating layer 102 between the electrode layer 101 and the conductive liquid 103; the charges change the hydrophilicity of the insulating layer 102, thereby changing the surface tension between the insulating layer 102 and the conductive liquid 103; and further changing the size of the contact angle and the shape of the conductive liquid 103, thereby realizing the change of the focal length of the lens.
As shown in fig. 4, a liquid lens includes a sleeve 207, a first transparent glass 201 and a second transparent glass 205 respectively bonded to both ends of the sleeve 207; a first transparent electrode 203, a second transparent electrode 206, and an electrically active liquid 202 and an insulating liquid 204 which are mutually insoluble and are positioned between the first transparent electrode 203 and the second transparent electrode 206 are sealed between the first transparent glass 201 and the second transparent glass 205; the inner wall of the sleeve 207 and the side of the second transparent electrode 206 facing the insulating liquid 204 are provided with a hydrophobic layer.
In this embodiment, the electroactive liquid 202 is a potassium chloride solution, and the insulating liquid 204 is cedar oil;
the hydrophobic layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene; the sleeve 207 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin; transparent indium tin oxide films are arranged on the first transparent glass 201 and the second transparent glass 205;
the liquid lens focusing process comprises the following steps: changing the external voltage, causing an interfacial tension between the electroactive liquid 202 and the insulating liquid 204; thereby effecting a change in contact angle between the electroactive liquid 202 and the insulating liquid 204; further enabling a change of the focal length of the lens. The liquid lens has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
As shown in fig. 5, the liquid lens described above is applicable to a zoom endoscope objective lens including, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens 301 having negative optical power, a second lens 302 having positive optical power, a stop S, a third lens 303 having positive optical power, a fourth lens 304 having positive optical power, and an image sensor 305; the third lens 303 is the liquid lens described above.
In this embodiment, the first lens 301 is formed by gluing a flat windowpane 301a and a first plano-concave lens 301 b; the concave surface of the first plano-concave lens 301b faces the image side;
the second lens 302 is a meniscus lens with the convex surface facing the object side;
the plane of the third lens 303 faces the object side; in this embodiment, the plane of the third lens 303 is a plane of the second transparent glass 205 facing the object side.
The fourth lens 304 is formed by bonding a double-convex lens 304a and a second plano-concave lens 304 b; the plane of the second plano-concave lens 304b faces the image side. During zooming, aberration variations in the objective system can be compensated for in order to achieve high quality image resolution.
The first plano-concave lens 301b satisfies the relation: n is1＞1.8，0.7＜f1/f＜1；
Wherein n is1Is the refractive index of the first plano-concave lens 301b, f1Is the focal length of the first plano-concave lens 301b, and f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
In this example, n1> 1.8, i.e. the refractive index of the material defining the first plano-concave lens 301 b; if the diameter is less than 1.8, the outer diameter of the zoom objective lens becomes large, so that the objective lens is inconvenient to miniaturize;
0.7＜f1the/f is less than 1, namely the ratio of the focal length of the first plano-concave lens 301b to the focal length of the close-range point objective lens and the focal length of the far-range point objective lens is limited; when the ratio of the focal length of the first plano-concave lens 301b to the focal length of the long-range point objective lens is smaller than the lower limit of 0.7, the length of the objective lens is lengthened, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the endoscope; if the ratio of the focal length of the first plano-concave lens 301b to the focal length of the object lens at the close scene point is greater than the upper limit of 1, the magnification of the object lens is smaller; in this embodiment, the first plano-concave lens 301b has a large magnification; the wide-angle of the observation range of the objective lens is realized.
The third lens 303 satisfies the relation: 1.17 < f3/f＜1.47；
Wherein f is3Is the focal length of the third lens 303 and f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
In this example, 1.17 < f3The/f is less than 1.47, namely the parameter characteristics of the third lens 303 are defined; if it is larger than the upper limit of 1.47, the total length of the objective lens is reduced, but the optical magnification is also reduced; if the total length of the objective lens is less than the lower limit value of 1.17, the objective lens becomes long, which is inconvenient for miniaturization.
A filter FL is arranged between the second lens 302 and the diaphragm S; the filter FL and the diaphragm S are in a combined structure; the filter FL is installed after the second lens 302 and before the third lens 303, and thus the probability of ghost images in the captured image of the endoscope due to multiple reflections between the filter FL and its nearby elements can be effectively prevented from being reduced, and the reliability of the objective lens of the endoscope is improved.
The flat glass 301a is made of a material having high hardness. In this embodiment, the flat plate window glass 301a is made of ruby. The damage to the surface of the objective lens in the transportation and use processes is prevented.
The zoom endoscope objective lens can be applied to an endoscope.
The zoom endoscope objective lens can also realize a zoom method, which comprises the following steps:
1) after light is incident from the object side, primary divergence and primary convergence are carried out; then, the converged light passes through a diaphragm;
2) providing a liquid lens on a light path of light passing through the diaphragm, so that a potential difference is formed between an insulating liquid side and an electroactive liquid side of the liquid lens;
3) making the light passing through the diaphragm incident on the liquid lens; increasing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the insulating liquid and the electroactive liquid concave towards the image side and increase the focal length of the liquid lens; reducing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the electric insulating liquid and the active liquid protrude to the object side, and reducing the focal length of the liquid lens;
4) the light rays exiting the liquid lens are converged.
In particular, in the present embodiment, the first lens group includes a first lens and a second lens, and the second lens group includes a third lens and a fourth lens; respectively connecting the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode with a power supply cathode and a power supply anode; when the power supply voltage is increased, the convex surface at the junction of the electroactive liquid and the insulating liquid is sunken towards the image side, and the focal length of the third lens is increased; when the power supply voltage is reduced, the convex surface at the boundary between the electroactive liquid and the insulating liquid protrudes toward the object side, and the focal length of the third lens is reduced.
The following tables one and two are zoom data of the present embodiment:
Table one is the parameters of each object plane, in which object planes 1-16 are shown in fig. 6.
Watch two
Table two is two sets of contrast parameters obtained by controlling the third lens 303, i.e. the liquid lens.
As shown in fig. 7-10, fig. 7 is an optical transfer function at different angles of view for the first set of table two; FIG. 8 is a graph of field curvature and distortion for the first set of Table two; FIG. 9 is an optical transfer function at a second set of different field angles in Table two; FIG. 10 shows the field curvature and distortion of the second group of Table two.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The liquid lens is characterized by comprising a sleeve (207), first transparent glass (201) and second transparent glass (205) which are respectively bonded at two ends of the sleeve (207), wherein a first transparent electrode (203), a second transparent electrode (206), and an electroactive liquid (202) and an insulating liquid (204) which are mutually insoluble are sealed between the first transparent glass (201) and the second transparent glass (205), and hydrophobic layers are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (207) and the side surface of the second transparent electrode (206) facing the insulating liquid (204).
2. The liquid lens according to claim 1, wherein the electro-active liquid (202) is a potassium chloride solution and the insulating liquid (204) is cedar oil.
3. The liquid lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrophobic layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene; the sleeve (207) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin; and transparent indium tin oxide films are arranged on the first transparent glass (201) and the second transparent glass (205).
4. A zoom endoscope objective lens, characterized by comprising, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens (301) having negative optical power, a second lens (302) having positive optical power, a stop (S), a third lens (303) having positive optical power, a fourth lens (304) having positive optical power, and an image sensor (305), the third lens (303) being a liquid lens according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
5. Zoom endoscope objective according to claim 4, characterized in that the first lens (301) is cemented by a flat glass pane (301a) and a first plano-concave lens (301b), the concave surface of the first plano-concave lens (301b) facing the image side;
the second lens (302) is a meniscus lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the plane of the third lens (303) faces the object side;
the fourth lens (304) is formed by a double convex lens (304a) and a second plano-concave lens (304b) which are cemented together, and the plane of the second plano-concave lens (304b) faces the image side.
6. Zoom endoscope objective according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the first plano-concave lens (301b) satisfies the relation: n is1＞1.8，0.7＜f1/f＜1；
Wherein n is1Is a refractive index of the first plano-concave lens (301b), f1Is the first plano-concaveThe focal length of the mirror (301b), f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
The third lens (303) satisfies the relation: 1.17 < f3/f＜1.47；
Wherein f is3Is the focal length of the third lens (303) and f is the focal length of the objective lens of the zoom endoscope.
7. Zoom endoscope objective according to claim 4, characterized in that a Filter (FL) is provided between the second lens (302) and the stop (S), which Filter (FL) is of a combined construction with the stop (S).
8. Zoom endoscope objective according to claim 4, characterized in that the flat glass pane (301a) is made of a material of high stiffness.
9. An endoscope, characterized in that it comprises a zoom endoscope objective according to any of claims 4 to 8.
10. A zooming method, comprising the steps of:
1) after light is incident from the object side, primary divergence and primary convergence are carried out; then, the converged light passes through a diaphragm;
2) providing a liquid lens on a light path of light passing through the diaphragm, so that a potential difference is formed between an insulating liquid side and an electroactive liquid side of the liquid lens;
3) making the light passing through the diaphragm incident on the liquid lens; increasing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the insulating liquid and the electroactive liquid concave towards the image side and increase the focal length of the liquid lens; reducing the power supply voltage to make the convex surface at the junction of the electric insulating liquid and the active liquid protrude to the object side, and reducing the focal length of the liquid lens;
4) the light rays exiting the liquid lens are converged.
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| CN202010453035.6A CN111522081A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Liquid lens, zoom endoscope objective lens, endoscope and zoom method |
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| CN202010453035.6A CN111522081A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Liquid lens, zoom endoscope objective lens, endoscope and zoom method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114924376A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-19 | 苏州协尔智能光电有限公司 | Cylindrical lens optical system |
| CN114924376B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-08 | 苏州协尔智能光电有限公司 | Barrel lens optical system |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |