CN111520152A - Super-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine - Google Patents
Super-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111520152A CN111520152A CN202010413579.XA CN202010413579A CN111520152A CN 111520152 A CN111520152 A CN 111520152A CN 202010413579 A CN202010413579 A CN 202010413579A CN 111520152 A CN111520152 A CN 111520152A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/0874—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with rotary drilling heads having variable diameter
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine, which comprises: a shield body; the cutter head is rotatably arranged at the front end of the shield body; and install the profiling cutter in the blade disc, including installing the knife case on the blade disc and locating the flexible hydro-cylinder in the knife case in proper order, cutter arbor and tool bit, the first end of cutter arbor is connected in flexible hydro-cylinder, the first side at the knife case is fixed to flexible hydro-cylinder, the second side opening of knife case, the tool bit is fixed in the second end of cutter arbor, the outside cover of cutter arbor is equipped with the spring, the both ends of spring are supported respectively and are pushed up the butt board that sets up in the cutter arbor outside and the inboard butt platform that forms of knife case, the spring is at the tool bit and is exerted work load to the tool bit when the blade disc is rotatory to the bottom position in order to avoid. According to the invention, by calculating the working load of the spring, the cutter head can be effectively prevented from extending out of the cutter box when the cutter head rotates to the bottom position of the cutter head along with the cutter head without extending out of the profiling cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shield construction engineering, in particular to an ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool changing slurry-air balance shield machine for an ultra-large-diameter soft soil stratum.
Background
For the construction of the current underground space, the construction of the shield machine is curve construction under most conditions, and turning and deviation correction are needed. Therefore, the profiling cutter needs to be installed on the cutter head structure to carry out radial overexcavation on the soil body. When the tunnel is turned, the working condition is complex, the stress is large, the requirement on the stability of the profiling cutter is high, and the requirement on the stability of the profiling cutter is strict under the conditions of combining an overlarge diameter, a soft soil stratum and ultra-deep burying.
During construction, the profiling cutters can be radially extended out of and retracted back into the two ends of the spoke according to the requirements of the overbreak diameter and the overbreak range, so that the purpose of profiling cutting is achieved. If the profiling cutter does not need to extend out of the over-digging section or the extending amount of the over-digging section is too large, the whole posture of the shield machine sinks, the equipment knocking phenomenon occurs, the grouting amount during tunnel construction can be increased, and the construction cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides an ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine for a soft soil stratum with an ultra-large diameter, and solves the problems that the conventional profiling cutter is not stable enough and is easy to cause an overbreak phenomenon, so that the whole shield machine has a head knocking phenomenon, the grouting amount during construction is increased, and the construction cost is increased.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides an ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine, which comprises:
a shield body;
the cutter head is rotatably arranged at the front end of the shield body; and
install in the profiling cutter of blade disc, including installing the tool box on the blade disc and locating in proper order telescopic cylinder, cutter arbor and the tool bit in the tool box, the first end of cutter arbor connect in telescopic cylinder, telescopic cylinder fixes the first side of tool box, the second side opening of tool box, the tool bit is fixed in the second end of cutter arbor, the outside cover of cutter arbor is equipped with the spring, the both ends of spring support respectively the top the butt board that the cutter arbor outside set up and the butt platform that the tool box inboard formed, the spring is in it is right when rotatory to the bottom position along with the blade disc that work load is in order to avoid to the tool bit surpasss to stretch out the second side opening of tool box.
The shield machine provided by the invention is arranged in the profiling cutter box body by adopting the spring, the diameter and the number of turns of the spring are selected by calculating the working load of the spring, so that the maximum working load of the shield machine can be larger than the self weight of the profiling cutter structure, the situation that a cutter head is excessively extended out of the cutter box when rotating to the bottom position of the cutter head along with the cutter head when the profiling cutter is not required to be extended out is effectively avoided, the leakage of a hydraulic system is avoided, the construction cost is saved, and the construction safety and the construction stability are improved.
The invention further improves the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-air balance shield machine, which also comprises a shield machine frame connected to the rear end of the shield body and a walking structure arranged on the shield machine frame;
the traveling structure comprises a supporting beam for mounting the frame of the shield tunneling machine, two wheel sets arranged at the bottom of the supporting beam and a steering device arranged between the two wheel sets and used for adjusting the moving direction of the wheel sets;
the two ends of the supporting beam are respectively arranged on the two wheel sets in a turnover mode, and the wheel sets can move and walk on the duct piece to drive the shield machine frame to move and walk.
The invention further improves the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing water-gas balance shield machine, which also comprises a flushing system which is arranged in the shield body and used for flushing the cutter head;
the flushing system comprises a sludge conveying pipe, a central pipe, a circulating pipe and a slurry discharge pipe;
the mud conveying pipe is used for inputting mud water into the mud water bin positioned at the back of the cutter head, and one end of the mud conveying pipe extends into the mud water bin and is positioned above the center of the cutter head;
one end of the central pipe is communicated with the mud conveying pipe, and the other end of the central pipe extends into the muddy water bin and is opposite to the center of the cutter head;
one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the central pipe, and the other end of the circulating pipe extends into the air cushion bin communicated with the muddy water bin and is positioned below the liquid level of the muddy water in the air cushion bin so as to extract the muddy water from the air cushion bin and flow into the central pipe;
one end of the pulp discharge pipe extends into the bottom of the air cushion bin so as to discharge the sediments at the bottom of the air cushion bin outwards.
The invention further improves the ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-air balance shield machine with the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum, wherein an air cushion bin positioned at the back of the cutter head is arranged at the front end of the shield body, and the air cushion bin is provided with a mud discharge port;
the shield tunneling machine further comprises an installation frame which is installed at the mud discharging port and aligned with the mud discharging port, a fixed grid which is embedded in the installation frame, a movable grid which is movably connected with the installation frame in an inserted manner, and a driving oil cylinder which is in driving connection with the movable grid;
the movable grating and the fixed grating are arranged in the same direction;
the driving oil cylinder is arranged in the air cushion bin and is used for pushing and pulling the movable grating.
The invention further improves the ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-air balance shield machine with the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum, wherein an air cushion bin positioned at the back of the cutter head is arranged at the front end of the shield body, a stirrer is arranged in the air cushion bin, and the stirrer is provided with a rotating shaft;
the rotating shaft is sleeved with a stirring blade, a third bearing seat and an outer ring;
the stirring blade is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
the third bearing seat is fixedly connected with the outer ring;
the outer ring is positioned between the stirring blades and the third bearing seat, and the cross-over surface of the outer ring and the stirring blades is in a mutually clamped concave-convex shape;
the inner ring of the third bearing seat and the inner ring of the outer ring are provided with a sleeve and are sleeved on the inner ring on the rotating shaft, the inner ring of the third bearing seat is provided with a plurality of closed grooves, second sealing rings are installed in the closed grooves, and the second sealing rings are abutted to the outer surface of the inner ring.
The invention further improves the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine, which also comprises a shield center rotary joint which is connected with the cutter head and is positioned in the shield body;
the shield constructs central swivel joint and includes:
the rotary distribution shaft is internally provided with a plurality of pipelines, each pipeline is provided with a first pipe orifice and a second pipe orifice which are opposite, the first pipe orifice is positioned on the peripheral surface of the rotary distribution shaft, the second pipe orifice is positioned on the end surface of the rotary distribution shaft, and the rotary distribution shaft is connected with the cutter head and rotates together with the cutter head;
the first connecting block is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft and provided with a first end part and a second end part which are opposite, and an annular assembling groove is formed in the second end part of the first connecting block;
the first bearing is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft, the first bearing is arranged in the annular assembling groove, and the periphery of the first bearing is fixedly connected with the first connecting block;
the connecting assembly is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft, the end part of the connecting assembly is connected with the first bearing, a plurality of annular communicating grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the connecting assembly, and the annular communicating grooves are communicated with the first pipe orifices of the corresponding pipelines;
the second bearing is sleeved at the end part, close to the first end part of the first connecting block, of the rotary distribution shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotary distribution shaft;
the third bearing is sleeved at the end part, close to the connecting assembly, of the rotating distribution shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotating distribution shaft;
and the second bearing and the third bearing are tightly connected through a split connecting piece, and the first connecting block and the connecting assembly are clamped by the second bearing and the third bearing through the split connecting piece.
The invention further improves the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine, wherein a main drive and a central cabin arranged between the main drive and a cutter head are arranged in a shield body, and a material brake is arranged in the central cabin;
the bottom of the material gate is provided with a first platform and a driving mechanism which can slide relatively, and the first platform can move forwards or backwards relative to the material gate;
the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the first platform, and drives the first platform to move relative to the material gate and further move towards the cutter head so as to realize feeding and move towards the main driving so as to realize feeding.
The invention further improves the ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing mud water-gas balance shield machine of the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum, wherein a plurality of flushing holes are arranged on a central block of a cutter head, each flushing hole is connected with a communicating pipe for introducing mud water, and a pneumatic ball valve is arranged on each communicating pipe;
the shield machine further comprises an air supply pipe, one end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the pneumatic ball valve, the other end of the air supply pipe extends out of the central area of the cutter head and is connected with an air supply device, the air supply device is controlled to supply air to the air supply pipe, so that the air enters the pneumatic ball valve to open the pneumatic ball valve and conduct the corresponding communication pipe, and therefore muddy water can be automatically corresponding to the flushing holes to be sprayed outwards and cleaned corresponding parts of the cutter head.
The invention further improves the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool-changing cement-air balance shield machine, which also comprises a shield machine frame arranged at the rear end of the shield body and a grouting stirring barrel arranged on the shield machine frame;
a sealing mounting seat is arranged on the grouting stirring barrel, a sealing bearing is arranged in the sealing mounting seat, and a driving shaft penetrates through the sealing bearing;
the driving shaft is sleeved with a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve which are positioned on two sides of the sealing bearing, the first shaft sleeve is positioned on the outer side of the sealing installation seat, the second bearing is positioned on the inner side of the sealing installation seat, and a first sealing ring is arranged between the outer ring of the second shaft sleeve and the sealing installation seat;
the cover is equipped with the apron on the drive shaft, the apron pastes and locates sealed mount pad is close to one side of second shaft sleeve, the apron with the handing-over of sealed mount pad is personally submitted the concave-convex form that matches each other, the apron with it is equipped with the second sealing ring to press from both sides between the drive shaft.
The invention further improves the ultra-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing cement-air balance shield machine, and further comprises a replacing device for replacing a tool on a cutter disc, wherein the replacing device comprises a fixing piece, a retainer, a moving piece, a disassembling oil cylinder, two gates and a gate switch oil cylinder;
the fixing piece is provided with an accommodating cavity, and two sides of the accommodating cavity in the first direction are open;
the retainer is connected to one side of the fixing piece, one side, far away from the fixing piece, of the retainer is connected with an oil cylinder limiter, and a guide strip arranged along the first direction is arranged on the inner side of the retainer;
the moving piece is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity and the retainer along the first direction, a guide groove which corresponds to the guide strip and is arranged along the first direction is arranged on the outer side of the moving piece, and the cutter is suitable for being arranged on one side of the moving piece in the first direction;
the first end of the disassembling oil cylinder is connected to the other side of the moving part in the first direction, and an oil cylinder lug plate for connecting the second end of the disassembling oil cylinder is arranged at the oil cylinder limiter;
the two gates are arranged on the fixing piece and can move relatively in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
the gate switch oil cylinder is connected with the two gates in a driving mode so as to control the two gates to be closed relatively or opened oppositely.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing slurry-gas balance shield machine for the ultra-large-diameter soft soil stratum.
FIG. 2 is a cutter head structure schematic diagram of the ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine for the ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structure view of a profiling cutter used for the shield tunneling machine of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the profiling cutter of the invention mounted on a cutter head.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a spring in the contour cutter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a traveling structure of a shield tunneling machine frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a traveling structure of a shield tunneling machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a wheel set in a traveling structure of a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the flushing system in the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first flush mode of the flush system.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a second flush mode of the flush system.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a third flush mode of the flush system.
Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a large particle size mode of a variable-diameter type grid device arranged at a mud discharge port of an air cushion bin in the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a large-particle-diameter mode cross-sectional view of a variable-diameter type grating device provided at a mud discharge port of an air cushion chamber in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a small particle size pattern of a variable-diameter type grating device provided at a mud discharge port of an air cushion chamber in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a small-particle-diameter mode cross-sectional view of a variable-diameter type grating device provided at a sludge discharge port of an air cushion chamber in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a connection node at a fixed end of a driving cylinder of a variable diameter type grating device in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a connection node of a telescopic end of a driving cylinder of a variable diameter type grating device in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a sectional view showing a sealing structure of a stirrer provided in an air cushion chamber in a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a first grease line in the sealing structure of the agitator in the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a second grease line in the sealing structure of the agitator in the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a partially enlarged view of another second grease line in the sealing structure of the agitator in the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a partially enlarged structural view of another second grease line in the sealing structure of the agitator in the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a shield center rotary joint and a cutter head connection block in the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of a shield center swivel joint in the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 26 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 25.
FIG. 27 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the first port of the circuit of FIG. 26.
Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a transportation device of a center compartment material gate of a shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of a transmission mechanism of the transportation device of the center deck material gate of the present invention.
Fig. 30 is a schematic view of the transportation device of the center bin material gate of the present invention showing the structure of the guide wheel and the timing belt.
Fig. 31 is a schematic structural view showing the extended state of the first and second platforms of the transporting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutterhead center block of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 33 is a partial cross-sectional view of a shield center swivel joint of a shield machine of the present invention.
Fig. 34 is a schematic structural view of the sealing structure of the grouting stirring barrel of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention through the section of the circle center of the stirring shaft.
Fig. 35 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the sealing structure of the grouting mixing drum of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention through another angle of the center of the mixing shaft.
Fig. 36 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 35.
Fig. 37 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 34.
Fig. 38 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 35.
Fig. 39 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the fixing member of the cutter exchanging device of the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 40 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a disassembly cylinder of the cutter replacing device of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 41 is a schematic view showing an installation structure of a holder of a cutter replacing device of a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 42 is a schematic structural view of the shield tunneling machine tool changer during extension of the dismounting cylinder.
Fig. 43 is a schematic structural view of the shield tunneling machine tool changer when the dismounting cylinder extends to the cylinder stopper.
Fig. 44 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder stopper of a cutter replacing device of a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 45 is a structural view of an inner guide strip of a retainer of a cutter replacing device of a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 46 is a schematic structural view of the shield tunneling machine tool changer with the shortened disassembly cylinder.
Fig. 47 is a schematic structural view of the dismounting cylinder of the cutter replacing device of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention shortened to the back side of the gate.
Fig. 48 is a schematic structural view of the shield tunneling machine tool changer with the gate closed.
Fig. 49 is a schematic structural view of the shield tunneling machine with the holder removed together with the cutter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The ultra-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep-buried normal-pressure tool-changing water-gas balance shield machine is suitable for tunneling construction of a soft soil stratum, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the shield machine comprises a shield body 10, a cutter head 11 arranged at the front end of the shield body 10 and a profiling cutter 110 arranged on the cutter head 11, wherein the cutter head 11 is rotatably arranged at the front end of the shield body 10, a cutter for cutting soil is also arranged on the cutter head 11, and the cutter is enabled to cut soil to realize the function of tunneling through rotation of the cutter head 11.
The profiling cutter 110 is arranged on the cutter head, and during construction, the profiling cutter 110 can be radially extended out of and retracted back into the cutter head according to the requirements of the over-excavation amount and the over-excavation range, so that the purpose of profiling cutting is achieved. The maximum extension of the profiling blade 110 is typically between 80mm and 130 mm. When the shield machine advances, turns or rectifies a curve section, a required space is created by profiling and overexcavating a cutting soil body, so that the shield machine is ensured to realize curve advancing, smooth turning and rectification under the conditions of less overexcavation and small interference on a peripheral soil body.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the profiling cutter 110 of the shield machine or the pipe jacking machine with the spring according to the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises a cutter box 111, a telescopic cylinder 112, a rotation stopping pin 113, a cutter bar 114, a spring 115 and a cutter head 116. Wherein, the knife box 111 has the chamber of holding, holds the chamber and is "one" style of calligraphy, runs through the both sides of knife box 111, and the width that holds the chamber matches in the size of cutter arbor 114 and tool bit 116. The telescopic cylinder 112, the tool bar 114 and the tool bit 116 are sequentially disposed in the accommodating chamber of the tool box 111 (e.g., sequentially disposed from left to right as shown in fig. 3).
The telescopic cylinder 112 can be a hydraulic cylinder, the first end of the cutter bar 114 is connected to the front end of a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 112 through a rotation stopping pin 113, a cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 112 is fixed on the first side of the cutter box 111 through a cylinder seat, a circle of first connecting flange 117 is arranged at the opening of the second side of the cutter box 111 and on the periphery of the opening and is used for being connected with an outer ring beam of the cutter head 11 through a bolt, the cutter head 116 is fixed at the second end of the cutter bar 114, and the cutter head 116 can be an alloy cutter head. The outside cover of cutter arbor 114 is equipped with spring 115, the both ends of spring 115 support respectively and prop up the butt plate 1141 and the inboard butt platform 1111 that forms of knife case 111 that set up in the cutter arbor 114 outside, spring 115 exerts working load in order to avoid the cutter head 116 to surpass the second end opening that stretches out knife case 111 when cutter head 116 rotates to cutter head 11 bottom position along with cutter head 11 (the "surpass stretch" here both contains the profile modeling knife 110 and need not to surpass the condition that the section stretches out, also contains its too big condition in the section that needs to surpass to dig, the volume of stretching out exceeds the controlled variable promptly).
The profiling cutter 110 is connected with the cutter head structure through the first connecting flange 117 at the front end, when the shield or pipe jacking equipment is in a working state, the cutter head 11 rotates, and the profiling cutter 110 is positioned at the bottom of the cutter head 11 (see fig. 4), along with the problems of centrifugal force caused by gravity and cutter head rotation, inevitable leakage in a hydraulic system and the like, the phenomenon that the profiling cutter 110 extends out at a section which does not need to be overexcited or the extending amount of the overexcited section is overlarge can occur. A working load is applied to the blade bar of the copying blade 110 by installing the spring 115 inside the blade case of the copying blade 110, and the diameter and the number of turns of the spring 115 are selected by calculating the working load of the spring 115 (see fig. 5). The maximum working load of the spring 115 can be made greater than the self weight of the blade 110 structure (blade bar + blade head), which effectively avoids the problem of extension when the blade 110 is not required. The construction cost is saved, and the construction safety and stability are improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the spring 115 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, and the maximum working load of the spring 115 is generally larger than the sum of the dead weights of the cutter bar and the cutter head by 1.5 to 2 times. The meaning of the parameters in the figure is as follows: free height H0, height at minimum working load H1, height at maximum working load Hn, height at working limit load Hj, minimum working load P1, maximum working load Pn, working limit load Pj. The diameter and number of turns of the spring 115 may be calculated using existing software, such as a cylindrical coil spring design calculation software, to select an appropriate cylindrical coil spring. In the software, the spring type is selected to be a compression spring (both ends are tightly ground), and spring parameters (existing material data of the spring provided by a processing factory) such as spring material, shear modulus, allowable shear stress, material diameter, spring pitch diameter, effective turns, total turns and the like are input. Then, the working load of the spring is calculated according to the sum of the dead weights of the cutter bar and the cutter head, the maximum working load of the spring is larger than 1.5-2 times, the working load of the spring is input into software, the software can automatically calculate the free height H0 of the spring, the height H1 under the minimum working load and the height Hn under the maximum working load, and proper specifications of the spring are selected according to the heights H0, H1 and Hn. Or, the specification of the spring can be calculated by adopting a calculation formula of the cylindrical spiral compression spring, the calculation method is the prior art, and the specification can be obtained by inquiring a related mechanical manual, which is not redundant here.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the abutting plate 1141 on the knife bar 114 is disposed at a first end of the knife bar 114, two ear plates 1142 are disposed on a side surface of the abutting plate 1141 close to the telescopic cylinder 112, an end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 112 is inserted between the two ear plates, and the two ear plates 1142 and the telescopic rod are correspondingly provided with pin holes for inserting the rotation stopping pins 113. The rotation stopping pin 113 is arranged along the telescopic direction perpendicular to the telescopic rod, so that the copying knife 110 can be limited to only perform axial translation under the action of the telescopic oil cylinder and cannot rotate around the shaft, and the working stability of the copying knife 110 is improved. The knife box 111 is disconnected at the rotation stopping pin 113 and is connected by welding at an opening slope, so that the telescopic oil cylinder 112 and the knife bar 114 are convenient to install.
The inner diameter of the knife box 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the knife bar 114 on the side far away from the knife head 116, the inner diameter of the box body 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the knife bar 114 on the side near the knife head 116, and an abutting table 1111 is formed at the boundary of the inner diameter change of the knife box 111 for abutting of the spring 115. Further, the inner surface of the knife box 111 near the knife head 116 is embedded with a plurality of rings of first sealing rings 118, which can prevent leakage of the hydraulic system.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the shield machine further includes a shield machine frame 12 connected to a rear end of the shield body 11 and a traveling structure 20 installed on the shield machine frame 12, and the traveling structure 20 is used for moving and traveling the shield machine frame 12 in the shield segment.
Referring to fig. 6 and 8, in the first embodiment, the walking structure 20 includes: a support beam 11, two wheel sets 22 and a plurality of boxing apparatuses 23. The supporting beam 11 is used for installing the shield machine frame 12. The two wheel sets 22 are arranged in tandem, that is, the two wheel sets 22 are arranged along the traveling direction of the shield machine frame (as shown by the double-headed arrow in fig. 6, the traveling direction of the shield machine frame). Specifically, the wheel set 22 includes a frame body 221, a base 22, and road wheels 223. Both ends of the support beam 11 are attached to the frame main bodies 221 of the two wheelsets 22 provided in the front and rear direction so as to be foldable, respectively. Referring to fig. 8, the bottom of the frame body 221 is connected to the base 22 by a ball joint 2210. The base 22 rotatably mounts road wheels 223.
Referring to fig. 6, the boxing devices 23 are respectively installed between opposite sides of the base 222 of the two wheelsets 22 arranged in front and back. Specifically, the packing device 23 includes a guide 231 and a telescopic member. The opposite sides of the guide 231 are provided with guide holes. In the present embodiment, the guide 231 is a rectangular tubular member or a cylindrical member. The guide holes of both ends of the guide 231 are respectively provided along the longitudinal direction of the support beam 11. In this embodiment, the telescopic member is a rod member. The telescoping member has opposite first and second ends. A first end of the telescoping member is telescopically mounted in the guide hole and a second end of the telescoping member is hinged to the base 222. Ear plates are respectively arranged at the second end of the telescopic piece and the two opposite sides of the base. The ear plate is provided with a shaft hole which is vertically arranged. The shaft hole of the ear plate at the second end of the telescopic piece and the shaft hole of the ear plate at the side part of the base are inserted with rotating shafts.
The shield machine frame walking structure utilizes the plurality of wheel sets to support the shield machine frame to walk on the duct pieces, avoids laying tracks, saves labor cost and time cost of tunnel construction, accelerates the process of tunnel construction, shortens the construction period, and ensures that the front wheel set and the rear wheel set can well bear force when the accumulated error of the height between the front duct piece and the rear duct piece is large due to the fact that the length of the shield machine frame is long and the distance between the front wheel set and the rear wheel set is long when the duct piece spans multiple sections of duct pieces, the front wheel set and the rear wheel set can both regulate the front wheel set and the rear wheel set to be leveled and attached with the duct pieces when the front wheel set and the rear wheel set pass through the gap of the duct pieces, and the wheel sets are prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the wheel sets are unevenly stressed after the wheel. When the shield tunneling machine is bent excessively, the wheel set is steered through the telescopic piece of the steering device, so that the flexible turning propulsion of the frame of the shield tunneling machine is achieved.
When the shield tunneling machine is bent excessively, the wheel set is steered by the jacking extension of the telescopic piece of the steering device. Specifically, with the advancing direction of the shield machine frame as a reference direction, as shown in the drawing, when a telescopic part at the front end of the steering device on the right side of the frame body is pushed forwards (or a telescopic part at the rear end of the steering device on the right side of the frame body is contracted forwards), the wheel set is steered to the left; when the telescopic member at the front end of the steering device is retracted rearward (or the telescopic member at the rear end of the steering device on the right side of the frame body is pushed rearward), the wheel group is steered rightward. When the front wheel set and the rear wheel set deviate greatly, the advancing direction can be adjusted by manually operating the telescopic pieces on the two sides of the frame body.
In a preferred embodiment, a support 2211 is installed on the frame body 221 in a liftable manner, and both ends of the support beam 11 are connected to the support 2211 in a foldable manner. The holder 2211 is provided with a hinge holder 2212, and the end of the support beam is connected to the hinge holder 2212 and is foldably connected to the holder 2211 through the hinge holder 2212. When the shield machine frame spans a plurality of duct pieces simultaneously and the accumulated error of the heights between the front duct piece and the rear duct piece is large, the height of the traveling structure of the shield machine frame is adjusted by the lifting support to realize the leveling of the shield machine frame and ensure that each group of wheel sets can be stressed on the ground in order to prevent the condition that the traveling wheels are suspended and cannot be stressed on the ground.
As a preferred embodiment, the frame body 221 is formed with a socket slot, and the socket slot is installed with a jacking cylinder 2213 therein. Jacking cylinder 2213 is supported and connected to support 2211.
In this embodiment, a steering cylinder is installed in each guide hole of the guide member, and the telescopic member is connected to the steering cylinder. The steering oil cylinder is arranged in the guide hole along the horizontal direction. The telescopic piece realizes jacking and contraction through the extension and contraction of the steering oil cylinder. The supporting beam 11 is an inverted arch, and the front and rear wheel sets are adjusted to be attached to the leveling of the tunnel segment when the front and rear wheel sets pass through the gap between the tunnel segments, so that the condition that the stress is uneven after the wheels are tilted is prevented, and the wheel set structure is damaged.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of bases 222 are respectively and spherically hinged to the bottom of one 221 of the two frame bodies. A boxing device 23 is connected between two adjacent bases 222 at the bottom of the frame body. With respect to the base 222, it has opposite ends. Opposite sides of the end of the base 222 extend to form flange plates 2223, respectively. Between the two flange plates 2223 at the ends of the base 222 are mounted axles 2231. The road wheel 223 is rotatably sleeved on the axle 2231.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of road wheels 223 are mounted on each axle 2231. The walking wheel comprises a bearing sleeved on a wheel shaft, a wheel hub arranged on the bearing and a wheel rim arranged on the wheel hub. In this embodiment, the load of the single-piece rim is 5 tons, and the load of the wheel set is 90-120 tons. The load of a single base is 60 tons.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the bottom of two frame bodies of this embodiment is connected with two bases respectively. The two opposite sides of the same frame body are respectively provided with a steering device, the steering devices are connected between the two base supports at the bottom of the same frame body, the steering devices between the two frame bodies are omitted, and the rest structures are the same as the first embodiment, so that the description is omitted.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shield tunneling machine further includes a flushing system 30 disposed in the shield body 10 and used for flushing the cutter head 11. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the back of the cutter head 11 of the shield tunneling machine is provided with a muddy water bin 16 and an air cushion bin 13 communicated with the muddy water bin 16 and filled with air, and the flushing system 30 comprises: a mud feeding pipe 31 for inputting mud into the mud bin 16, wherein one end of the mud feeding pipe 31 extends into the mud bin 16 and is positioned above the center of the cutter head 11, and is responsible for washing partial structures of the mud bin 16 to prevent mud from forming; a central pipe 32 with one end communicated with the mud feeding pipe 31, and the other end of the central pipe 32 extends into the mud sump 16 and is opposite to the center of the cutter head 11; a circulating pipe 34 having one end communicated with the central pipe 32, the other end of the circulating pipe 34 extending into the air cushion compartment 13 and being positioned below the level of the muddy water in the air cushion compartment 13 so as to draw the muddy water from the air cushion compartment 13 and flow into the central pipe 32; and a slurry discharge pipe 35 with one end extending into the bottom of the air cushion chamber 13, so as to discharge the sediment at the bottom of the air cushion chamber 13 outwards.
Preferably, the mud feeding pipe 31 is further connected with a pipeline extending into the air cushion chamber 13, and is responsible for washing part of the structure of the air cushion chamber 13 to prevent mud from forming. Further, as shown in fig. 11, the circulating pipe 34 is provided with a third ball valve 341, and the circulating pipe 34 can be prevented from pumping the muddy water from the muddy water bin 16 by closing the third ball valve 341, so as to meet the general flushing requirement of the cutterhead 11. Specifically, the slurry outlet pipe 35 is provided with a fourth ball valve 351 to control the connection or disconnection of the slurry outlet pipe 35. Preferably, the slurry discharge pipe 35 is further provided with a second pump 352 for pressurizing the slurry in the slurry discharge pipe 35.
Further, the central tube 32 is provided with a first pump 322, the first pump 322 is located outside the air cushion chamber 13 and is disposed near the end of the circulating tube 34 connected to the central tube 32, the muddy water in the central tube 32 is pressurized by the first pump 322, and the first pump 322 can also pump the muddy water in the air cushion chamber 13 to flow into the central tube 32 through the circulating tube 34. Preferably, the end of the circulation pipe 34 corresponding to the air cushion chamber 13 is located at the-2.4 m liquid level of the air cushion chamber.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 12, a first ball valve 321 is disposed on the central pipe 32 near the mud pipe 31; the flushing system also comprises a connecting pipe 33 for communicating the central pipe 32 and the sludge feeding pipe 31, wherein the joint of the connecting pipe 33 and the central pipe 32 is positioned between the first pump body 322 and the air cushion chamber 13, and the joint of the connecting pipe 33 and the sludge feeding pipe 31 is positioned between the air cushion chamber 13 and the corresponding end part of the central pipe 32; by closing the first ball valve 321, the muddy water in the mud feed pipe 31 flows into the central pipe 32 through the connecting pipe 33, that is, the muddy water bypasses the first pump body 322, so that the first pump body 322 can be serviced. Preferably, the connection pipe 33 is installed with a second ball valve 331 to communicate with or close the connection pipe 33.
The specific implementation method of the invention is as follows: the flushing system has a triple flushing state in actual use so as to realize different flushing effects on the cutter head 11; referring to fig. 12, when the shield tunneling machine is started or the first pump body 322 is overhauled, the requirement for flushing the cutter head 11 is low, the first ball valve 321 and the third ball valve 341 can be closed, the second ball valve 331 is opened, the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 directly flows into the muddy water bin 16 and flushes to the portion of the cutter head 11 above the center, part of the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 flows into the central pipe 32 through the connecting pipe 33, flows into the muddy water bin 16 through the central pipe 32 and flushes to the center of the cutter head 11, so as to flush the cutter head 11, and the muddy water at this time cannot pass through the first pump body 322, so that the first pump body 322 can be overhauled; referring to fig. 11, when the first pump body 322 operates normally and the requirement for flushing the cutter head 11 is high, the second ball valve 331 and the third ball valve 341 may be closed, and the first ball valve 321 is opened, at this time, the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 directly flows into the muddy water bin 16 and flushes to the portion of the cutter head 11 located above the center, a portion of the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 flows into the central pipe 32 and is pressurized by the first pump body 322, then flows into the muddy water bin 16 and flushes to the center of the cutter head 11, so as to flush the cutter head 11, at this time, the muddy water in the central pipe 32 passes through the first pump body 322, so that the flushing force to the center is large, and the cleaning force to the cutter head 11 is strong; referring to fig. 10, when the first pump body 322 is operating normally and the flushing requirement of the cutter head 11 is higher, the second ball valve 331 is closed, and the first ball valve 321 and the third ball valve 341 are opened, at this time, the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 flows directly into the muddy water bin 16 and flushes to the portion of the cutter head 11 located above the center, part of the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 flows into the central pipe 32 and is pressurized by the first pump body 322, in addition, the circulating pipe 34 pumps the supernatant of the muddy water from the air cushion bin 13 through the first pump body 322 and flows into the central pipe 32, the muddy water in the central pipe 32 flows into the muddy water bin 16 and flushes to the center of the cutter head 11 through the first pump body 322, at this time, not only the muddy water in the mud pipe 31 but also the muddy water pumped from the air cushion bin 13 by the circulating pipe 34 in the central pipe 32, so that the amount of muddy water separated from the mud pipe 31 by the central pipe 32 is smaller, the flushing effect of the mud, the cleaning force to the cutter head 11 is stronger; the fourth ball valve 351 is opened and the mud discharging pipe 35 can discharge the sediment at the bottom of the mud bin 16 and the air cushion bin 13 to the outside by using the second pump body 352.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an air cushion chamber 13 is provided at the front end of a shield body 10 of a shield machine at the back of a cutter head 11, the air cushion chamber 13 is provided with a mud discharge port 130, and in order to prevent blockage at the mud discharge port 130, a variable diameter type grating device 40 is provided at the mud discharge port 130, and as shown in fig. 13 to 18, the grating device 40 includes a mounting frame 41, a fixed grating 42, a movable grating 43 and a driving cylinder 44. The mounting frame 41 is mounted at the sludge discharge port 130 of the air cushion chamber 13 and aligned with the sludge discharge port 130. The front end of the air cushion bin 13 is connected with a muddy water bin 16. The front end of the muddy water bin 16 is connected with a cutter head. The sludge discharge port 130 is arranged at the rear end of the air cushion bin 13. The mud discharging pipeline 45 is connected with the outer side of the mud discharging port 130 of the air cushion bin 13. The mounting frame 41 is mounted inside the sludge discharge port 130 of the air cushion chamber 13. The fixed grill 42 is embedded in the mounting frame 41. Fixed grid passes through bolt detachably and connects in the installing frame, and the fixed grid of being convenient for is damaged the back and is changed the maintenance, demolishs when the mud discharging opening of being convenient for simultaneously blocks up the clearance. The mounting frame 41 is provided with a socket. The movable grill 43 is movably inserted in the socket. The movable grill 43 is provided in the same direction as the fixed grill 42. And a driving oil cylinder 44 for pushing and pulling the movable grating 43 is arranged in the air cushion bin 13.
In this embodiment, the driving oil cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the shield air cushion chamber above the installation frame. The top of the mounting frame is provided with a socket. The mounting frame is a rectangular frame. The mounting frame comprises four frame plates which are connected end to form the mounting frame. The frame plate at the top of the mounting frame is provided with a bell and spigot which penetrates through the frame plate. In a preferred embodiment, the movable grid is adapted to the size of the fixed grid. The movable grating is attached to the fixed grating.
The variable-diameter type grating device provided by the invention has the advantages that the position of the movable grating is adjusted through the driving oil cylinder, so that the movable grating and the fixed grating are arranged in a staggered mode to form variable-diameter filtering holes, namely, the movable grating is moved through the driving oil cylinder to adjust the aperture size of the filtering holes. The mud-water-gas balance shield machine is divided into two working conditions under a general condition, firstly, under the working condition of clay and soil, in order to avoid blockage of a mud discharge pipeline, personnel enter a shield air cushion bin to clean, and the variable-diameter type grating device disclosed by the invention starts a large-particle-size mode (as shown in attached figures 13 and 14); secondly, in order to avoid blocking the mud discharge pipeline and damaging the mud discharge pump by large impurities under the working condition of building a continuous wall or under the working condition of hard rock soil, the variable-diameter type grating device disclosed by the invention starts a small-particle-size mode (as shown in attached figures 15 and 16), and blocks the large impurities on one side of the fixed grating, which is far away from the mud discharge port, so as to protect the mud discharge pipeline. The variable-diameter type grating device provided by the invention effectively meets the driving construction of a slurry-water-gas balance shield machine under different working conditions.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner side of the mounting frame 41 is provided with a guide 412. The guide 412 forms a guide groove with the fixed grill 42. The movable grill 43 is slidably disposed in the guide groove. Specifically, the bell and spigot is opened on the deckle board that the level set up, and the guide is vertical to be set up in the inboard of the deckle board of vertical setting. In some embodiments, the inner sides of the two vertically arranged frame plates are respectively provided with a guide piece. In this embodiment, the guide member is a guide bar.
In a preferred embodiment, a limit stop 413 is disposed in the guide groove. Set up limit stop in the guide way to the extreme low position point of control activity grid guarantees when building continuous wall operation or hard rock soil property operating mode that bold debris do not block up the pipeline, protects the dredge pump simultaneously. In the present embodiment, the movable grill 43 is disposed on a side of the fixed grill 42 adjacent to the mud discharge port 130. In this embodiment, the fixed and movable grates are covered with welding rods on the side away from the mud outlet. The fixed grill 42 includes: a plurality of frame strips and a plurality of first crosspieces 421. The frame strips are connected end to form a frame body. The frame strips are detachably arranged on the mounting frame 41, and the fixed grids are detached and replaced at the edges. First crosspiece is installed in the frame, and a plurality of first crosspieces cross arrangement. In this embodiment, many first crosspieces are the setting of crossing perpendicularly, and the setting of two liang of crossings of many first crosspieces forms the filtration pore. The aperture of the filter hole depends on the distance between the adjacent first crosspieces.
In a preferred embodiment, the movable grid and the fixed grid have the same structure. When the movable grating and the fixed grating are arranged in a staggered manner, namely the filtering holes of the fixed grating are partially overlapped with the filtering holes of the movable grating, the small-particle-size mode of the variable-diameter grating device is adopted; when the movable grating and the fixed grating are superposed, namely the filtering holes of the fixed grating are superposed with the filtering holes of the movable grating, the variable-diameter grating device of the invention has a large-particle-size mode and also has a maximum-particle-size mode. The mounting frame 41 is detachably mounted at the sludge discharge port 130. A base 134 is fixedly arranged in the air cushion bin 13, and the mounting frame 41 is detachably mounted on the base 134. The base is welded and connected with the inner wall of the shield air cushion bin.
In this embodiment, the driving cylinder has a fixed end and a telescopic end opposite to each other. Referring to fig. 17, a first ear plate 131 is fixed on the inner wall of the air cushion chamber 5. The fixed end of the driving cylinder 44 is provided with a first connection plate 441. The first connecting plate 441 is connected to the first ear plate 131 through a first pin 132.
As a preferred embodiment, the first ear plate 131 is installed with a first fastening plate 133, the first fastening plate 133 is formed with a gap, and the first pin 132 is embedded in the gap. The shape of the gap of the first fastening plate is adapted to the shape of the circumferential surface of the first pin shaft. The first fastening plate is used for preventing the first pin shaft from moving along the vertical direction.
As a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 18, a second ear plate 431 is attached to the top of the movable grill 43. The telescopic end of the drive cylinder 44 is provided with a second connecting plate 442. The second connecting plate 442 is connected to the second ear plate 431 by a second pin 432.
The second ear plate 431 is provided with a second fastening plate 433, the second fastening plate 433 is provided with a gap, and the second pin shaft 432 is embedded in the gap. The gap of the second fastening plate 433 is opposite to the gap of the first fastening plate. The shape of the gap of the second fastening plate 433 is adapted to the shape of the circumferential surface of the second pin. The second fastening plate is used for preventing the second pin shaft from moving along the vertical direction.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 13, the front end of the shield body 10 is provided with an air cushion chamber 13 located at the back of the cutter head 11, and a stirrer is installed in the air cushion chamber 13 and is arranged at both sides of the mud discharge port 130 of the air cushion chamber 13 for stirring the mud water in the air cushion chamber 13 to avoid the blockage of the mud discharge port 130. The mixer is provided with a sealing structure 50 for sealing the mounting of the rotating shaft of the mixer. As shown in fig. 19 to 23, the rotating shaft 56 is sleeved with the stirring blade 51, the third bearing seat 52 and the outer ring 562;
the stirring blade 51 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 56 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 56; the third bearing seat 52 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 56, the rotating shaft 56 is sleeved with an outer ring 562 positioned between the third bearing seat 52 and the stirring blades 51, the outer ring 562 and the third bearing seat 52 are fixedly connected through fasteners such as bolts, the cross section of the outer ring 562 and the stirring blades 51 is in a mutually clamped concave-convex shape, an inner ring 561 sleeved on the rotating shaft 56 is arranged on an inner ring of the third bearing seat 52 and an inner ring of the outer ring 562, a plurality of closed grooves respectively provided with the second sealing rings 57 are arranged on the inner ring of the third bearing seat 52, and the second sealing rings 57 are abutted against the outer surface of the inner ring 561; a mounting bearing 54 sleeved on the rotating shaft 56 is arranged on one side of the third bearing seat 52, which is far away from the stirring blade 51, a cylinder seat 53 is sleeved on the mounting bearing 54 and abuts against the side edge of the third bearing seat 52, a first grease pipeline 521 for conveying dense grease to the surface gap of the outer ring 562 is formed in the cylinder seat 53, the third bearing seat 52 and the outer ring 562, and a second grease pipeline 522 for conveying lubricating grease to the closed groove is formed in the cylinder seat 53 and the third bearing seat 52; the housing 55 is fixedly sleeved on the third bearing seat 52 and the barrel seat 53 by a fastener such as a bolt.
The interface of the rotating stirring blade 51 and the fixed outer ring 562 is arranged in a concave-convex shape to form a labyrinth seal, the throttling effect generated when the fluid medium passes through the labyrinth seal is utilized to achieve the flow choking effect, the front seal of the stirrer sealing device is used as the front seal of the stirrer sealing device, dense grease is injected into the labyrinth gap through the first grease pipeline 521, as shown in fig. 20, the output end of the first grease pipeline 521 extends to the inner ring surface of the outer ring 562, and lubricating grease is injected into a plurality of closed grooves provided with the lip-shaped second sealing rings 57 through the second grease pipeline 11, so that the grease is ensured to be filled in the second sealing rings 57 and the labyrinth gap and continuously overflow from the stirrer sealing device to the outside, the function of preventing the outside medium from pouring is achieved, and meanwhile, when the bearing and the inner ring 561 generate unidirectional rotation movement, the friction between the second sealing rings 57 and the inner ring 561 is reduced, and the lubricating effect of the second sealing rings, the working life of the second seal ring 57 is improved.
In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 56 is sleeved with a spline inner wheel 58, the stirring blade 51 is sleeved on the spline inner wheel 58, and the stirring blade 51 and the rotating shaft 56 are fixedly connected through the spline inner wheel 58 to achieve synchronous rotation.
In this embodiment, an inner ring of the inner ring 561 is provided with an inner ring pressing block 59 which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 56 and is in transition fit with the rotating shaft 56, the inner ring pressing block 59 and the inner ring 561 are fixedly connected through a fastener such as a bolt, and the inner ring 561, the inner ring pressing block 59 and the rotating shaft 56 rotate synchronously. And the outer ring 562 and the third bearing seat 52, the third bearing seat 52 and the cylinder seat 53, and the cylinder seat 53 and the housing 55 are respectively fixedly connected by fasteners such as bolts, so that the rotating stirring blades 51 and the fixed outer ring 562 are obtained during operation.
In this embodiment, be equipped with a grease slot that is located third bearing seat 52 inner circle between every two adjacent closed grooves, the exit end of a plurality of second grease pipelines 522 extend to communicate with a plurality of grease slot one-to-one, can be to the interior grease of three grease oil groove through the second grease pipeline 522 that sets up to the tube seat 53, thereby make grease infiltration closed ditch inslot be full on second sealing washer 57. In this embodiment, the closed grooves are set to 4, that is, 3 grease grooves are arranged between 4 closed grooves at intervals, so as to ensure that concentrated lubricating grease is filled between the second sealing rings 57 and continuously overflows from the sealing device of the stirring machine to the outside, thereby preventing external media from flowing backwards; meanwhile, the friction between the second sealing ring 57 and the inner ring 561 is reduced, the second sealing ring 57 is lubricated, and the service life of the second sealing ring 57 is prolonged.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the second seal ring 57 is a lip-shaped second seal ring 57, and the lip-shaped second seal ring 57 has excellent wear resistance, high extrusion resistance, and low permanent compression set, and is particularly suitable for operation in an aqueous medium.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 24, the shield tunneling machine further includes a shield center swivel joint 60 connected to the cutter head 11 and located within the shield body 10.
As shown in fig. 25 and 26, the shield center swivel joint 60 includes a rotation distribution shaft 61, a first connection block 62, a first bearing 63, a connection assembly 64, a second bearing 65, a third bearing 66, and a counter-pull connection 67; the inside of the rotating distribution shaft 61 is provided with a plurality of pipelines 611, the pipelines 611 are provided with a first pipe orifice 6111 and a second pipe orifice 6112 which are opposite, the first pipe orifice 6111 is positioned on the outer peripheral surface 612 of the rotating distribution shaft 61, the second pipe orifice 6112 is positioned on the end surface 613 of the rotating distribution shaft 61, hydraulic oil, water or other additives are provided for the position of the cutter head by utilizing the pipelines arranged on the rotating distribution shaft 61, the rotating distribution shaft 61 is connected with the cutter head and rotates along with the cutter head, so the pipelines 611 are arranged inside the rotating distribution shaft 61, the pipelines 611 can rotate along with the rotating distribution shaft 61, and the conveying of liquid media (such as the hydraulic oil, the water or other additives) cannot be influenced. A first connecting block 62 is sleeved on the rotating distribution shaft 61, the first connecting block 62 has a first end 621 and a second end 622 opposite to each other, and an annular assembling groove 623 is formed at the second end of the first connecting block 62; the first bearing 63 is sleeved on the rotating distribution shaft 61, the first bearing 63 is arranged in the annular assembling groove 623, and the periphery of the first bearing 63 is fixedly connected with the first connecting block 62; the connecting assembly 64 is sleeved on the rotating distributing shaft 61, an end of the connecting assembly 64 is connected to the first bearing 63, the connecting assembly 64 and the first connecting block 62 clamp the first bearing 63, as shown in fig. 27, a plurality of annular communicating grooves 2421 are formed in an inner side surface of the connecting assembly 64, the annular communicating grooves 2421 are communicated with the corresponding first pipe orifice 6111 of the pipeline 611, and therefore the liquid medium can flow into the first pipe orifice 6111 and the pipeline 611 through the annular communicating grooves 2421. The annular communication groove 2421 is arranged on the inner side surface of the connecting component 64 in a circle, the connecting component 64 is sleeved on the rotating distribution shaft 61, and different rotating distribution shafts rotate together, so that the connecting component 64 can be connected with a liquid medium conveying pipe, and the stability of liquid medium conveying can be ensured without rotation of the connecting component 64. The second bearing 65 is sleeved on the end part of the rotating distribution shaft 61 close to the first end 621 of the first connecting block 62, and the second bearing 65 is fixedly connected with the rotating distribution shaft 61; a third bearing 66 is sleeved on the end part of the rotating distribution shaft 61 close to the connecting assembly 64, the third bearing 66 is fixedly connected with the rotating distribution shaft 61, the third bearing 66 and the second bearing 65 are positioned at two opposite end parts of the rotating distribution shaft 61, and the first connecting block 62 and the connecting assembly 64 are clamped by the second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66; the second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66 are tightly connected by a counter-pull connecting piece 67, and the first connecting block 62 and the connecting assembly 64 are clamped by the second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66 through the counter-pull connecting piece 67.
The second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66 provide the rotating distribution shaft 61 with a function of free rotation so that the rotating distribution shaft 61 can rotate together with the cutter head, and the first connecting block 62 and the connecting assembly 64 on the rotating distribution shaft 61 are both clamped and fixed by the second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66, the first connecting block 62 and the connecting assembly 64 are fixed, and the different rotating distribution shafts 61 rotate together. By providing the connection base for the liquid medium transport pipes by means of the non-rotating connecting block 22 and the connecting assembly 64, the connecting block 22 and the connecting assembly 64 are able to feed the liquid medium into the pipe 611 inside the rotating distribution shaft 61 and thus to the cutterhead.
When the hydraulic wear detection position at the cutter head is increased, a corresponding pipeline needs to be added on the rotary distribution shaft 61, so that the length of the rotary distribution shaft 61 is lengthened, the coaxiality of the long-span rotary distribution shaft 61 and the connecting block and the connecting assembly thereon is difficult to guarantee, and the longer the rotary distribution shaft 61 is, the more easily the seizure of the rotary distribution shaft 61 and the connecting block and the connecting assembly sleeved thereon occurs. The shield center swivel joint 60 of the present invention is provided with the first bearing 63 at the middle part of the rotation distribution shaft 61 and the second end 622 of the first connecting block 62, and the first bearing 63 is utilized to reduce the long span of the rotation distribution shaft, that is, the distance between the first bearing 63 and the second bearing 65, and the distance between the first bearing 63 and the third bearing 66 are reduced, so as to ensure the coaxiality between the first connecting block and the connecting assembly, and the rotation distribution shaft. In addition, the first bearing 63 is not fixedly connected with the rotating distribution shaft 61, so that the first bearing does not restrict the rotation of the rotating distribution shaft, once friction occurs, the transverse displacement adjustment among the rotating distribution shaft, the connecting assembly and the connecting block can be realized through the first bearing, and the probability of occurrence of seizure faults is greatly reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 26 and 27, a portion of the inner side surface of the connecting member 64 contacting the rotation distribution shaft 61 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 6411, and the arc-shaped groove 6411 is circumferentially arranged along the inner side surface of the connecting member 64, that is, the arc-shaped groove 6411 has a ring shape. The contact area between the connecting assembly and the rotary distribution shaft is reduced through the arranged arc-shaped groove, so that small friction is caused, and the seizure fault caused by the play (or the phenomenon of non-coaxial) between the rotary distribution shaft and the connecting assembly is avoided. Preferably, the connection assembly 64 includes a plurality of second and third connection blocks 641 and 243 connected in a splicing manner, the second and third connection blocks 641 and 642 are connected in an abutting manner, and the second and third connection blocks 641 and 642 are sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft 61. The second connection block 641 and the third connection block 243 are both annular block structures, and are provided with circular holes therein for being sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft. An arc-shaped groove 6411 is formed in the inner side surface of the second connecting block 641, an annular connecting groove 2421 is formed in the inner side surface of the third connecting block 642, the inner side surface of the second connecting block 641 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 612 of the rotating distribution shaft 61, the inner side surface of the third connecting block 642 is not in contact with the outer peripheral surface 612 of the rotating distribution shaft 61, an annular connecting groove 6421 in the third connecting block 642 is correspondingly sleeved on the rotating distribution shaft 61, and the annular connecting groove 6421 is communicated with a first pipe orifice 6111 of the corresponding pipeline 611.
Further, a seal ring 643 is interposed between the third connection block 642 and the rotating distribution shaft 61, the seal ring 643 is provided on both sides of the notch of the annular communication groove 2421, and the seal ring 643 is attached to the corresponding second connection block 22. The distance between the two sealing rings 643 is equal to the width of the annular communication groove 2421, and the sealing rings 643 arranged on the two sides of the annular communication groove 2421 are used for sealing, so that the leakage of the conveyed liquid medium is avoided.
Still further, the material hardness of the second connecting block 641 is lower than that of the rotary distribution shaft 61. Thus, when the rotation of the rotation distribution shaft 61 rubs against the second connection block 641, the second connection block 641 is easily worn, thereby preventing the rotation distribution shaft 61 from being damaged by dry friction and prolonging the service life of the rotation distribution shaft 61. Preferably, the material of the second connecting block 641 is iron, and the material of the rotary distribution shaft 61 is chrome-plated or nickel-plated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 26, the first nozzles 6111 of each pipe 611 on the rotating distribution shaft 61 are distributed in different circumferential directions of the rotating distribution shaft 61. I.e. the first nozzles 6111 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rotating distribution shaft 61. When adding the pipe 611 to the rotating distribution shaft 61, the number of the corresponding first nozzles 6111 is also increased, thus achieving a longer length of the rotating distribution shaft. In this embodiment, since the hydraulic wear detection position is added at the cutter head, a pipeline for introducing hydraulic oil needs to be added, the number of the second connection block 641 and the third connection block 243 is increased corresponding to the number of the pipeline 611 and the first pipe orifice 6111, as shown in fig. 25, a detection port 6422 communicated with the annular connection groove 6421 of the third connection block 243 of the connection assembly 64 is arranged on the third connection block 243 of the connection assembly 64, the detection port 6422 is arranged on the outer side surface of the third connection block 243, the detection port 6422 is used for connecting a hydraulic oil delivery pipe, the detection port 6422 delivers hydraulic oil into the annular connection groove 6421, and the hydraulic oil is delivered into the pipeline 611 through the first pipe orifice 6111 and delivered into the detection position corresponding to the cutter head through the pipeline 611.
As shown in fig. 25 and 26, a guide groove 624 is provided on the inner side surface of the connection block 22, and a guide port 625 communicating with the guide groove 624 is provided on the outer side surface of the connection block 22, and the guide port 625 is used for connecting to a liquid medium delivery pipe. A conveyance passage 614 is formed inside the rotating distribution shaft 61, a first opening of the conveyance passage 614 is located on the outer peripheral surface 612 of the rotating distribution shaft 61 and communicates with the corresponding diversion trench 624, and a second opening is located on the end surface 613 of the rotating distribution shaft 61 and conveys the shield machine forward. The delivery passage 614 may be used to deliver water, foam or other additives, and if the number of delivery passages needs to be increased in front of the shield machine, the length of the first connector block 62 may be increased accordingly to match.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shield center swivel joint 60 further includes a first bearing seat 651 provided on the rotating distribution shaft 61 for mounting the second bearing 65, and a second bearing seat 661 provided on the rotating distribution shaft 61 for mounting the third bearing 66; the first bearing seat 651 is connected to the corresponding end of the first connecting block 62; the second bearing pedestal 661 is connected to the corresponding end of the connecting assembly 64; the opposite-pull connecting member 67 penetrates the first and second bearing housings 651 and 661 and opposite-pull connects the first and second bearing housings 651 and 661 to securely connect the second and third bearings 65 and 66.
The second bearing 65 and the third bearing 66 are both tapered roller bearings, and the inner ring and the outer ring thereof are rotatable relative to each other. The outer race of the second bearing 65 is connected to the first bearing housing 651, and the inner race of the second bearing 65 is connected to the rotary distribution shaft 61, so that the rotary distribution shaft 61 can rotate relative to the first bearing housing 651. Similarly, the outer race of the third bearing 66 is connected to the second bearing housing 661, and the inner race of the third bearing 66 is connected to the rotation distribution shaft 61. The first bearing pedestal 651 and the second bearing pedestal 661 are provided with through holes, the opposite-pull connecting member 67 is inserted into the through holes and screwed with the fastening nut 671, and the first bearing pedestal 651 and the second bearing pedestal 661 are fastened by the fastening nut 671 to clamp the first connecting block 62 and the connecting member 64. Preferably, after the central swivel joint 21 is used for a period of time, the fastening nuts 671 at the two ends of the opposite pulling connecting piece 67 are fastened to clamp the first connecting block 62 and the connecting assembly 64, so as to prevent the connecting assembly from moving integrally and ensure that the connecting assembly 64 and the first connecting block 62 have good coaxiality with the rotating distribution shaft 61.
Further, as shown in fig. 26, a first bearing end cap 652 is connected to the first bearing seat 651;
a second bearing end cap 662 is attached to the second bearing housing 661. The first bearing end cover 652 is connected to the first bearing seat 651 by fastening screws for restraining the second bearing 65. The second bearing end cap 662 is connected to the second bearing housing 661 by fastening screws for restraining the third bearing 66.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting gap is provided between the inner side surface of the first bearing 63 and the rotation distribution shaft 61, and the adjusting gap is a circumferential gap, that is, a clearance fit is adopted between the first bearing 63 and the rotation distribution shaft 61. The first bearing 63 is preferably a deep groove ball bearing. The first bearing is prevented from applying constraint on the rotary distribution shaft by utilizing the adjusting clearance, and the seizure fault caused by friction is avoided. The first bearing can also be adjusted in transverse displacement by adjusting the clearance, and although the first bearing has a slight adjusting function, the probability of seizure failure of the rotary distribution shaft can be greatly reduced. Preferably, the third connecting block 642 of the connecting assembly 64 is butted against the end of the first connecting block 62, and the third connecting block 642 is also fixedly connected to the first bearing 63.
As shown in fig. 24, the front end of the shield center rotary joint 60 is connected to a transition shaft 602 via a second connecting flange 601, and the front end of the transition shaft 602 is connected to a cutter head connecting block 603 and to a cutter head via the cutter head connecting block 603. The second connecting flange 601 is connected to the driving module, so as to drive the cutter head to rotate together with the shield center rotary joint 60.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a main drive and a central chamber 15 disposed between the main drive and the cutter head 11 are disposed in the shield body 10, a material gate 70 is disposed in the central chamber 15, and a transportation device is disposed at the bottom of the material gate 70, and the transportation device is used to transport materials to the cutter head 11.
As shown in fig. 28 and 29, the transportation device for the material gate of the central cabin of the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention includes a first platform 71 and a driving mechanism 72, wherein the first platform 71 is slidably mounted at the bottom of the material gate 70, and the first platform 71 can move forward or backward relative to the material gate 70. The driving mechanism 72 is installed at the bottom of the material gate 70, and the driving mechanism 72 is connected to the first platform 71, and the driving mechanism 72 drives the first platform 71 to move relative to the material gate 70.
The material gate 70 of the present invention has a front side door and a rear side door, and the front side door is used for conveying the material in the material gate 70 to the front of the shield machine, such as conveying a cutter to a cutter head; the rear side door is used for conveying materials into the material gate 70, the material gate 70 is of a closed structure in the non-material transportation process, namely, the front side door and the rear side door are hermetically connected to the material gate 70, and after the front side door and the rear side door are closed, the interior of the material gate 70 is airtight. The conveying device is arranged in the material gate 70, a first platform 71 of the conveying device can be driven by a driving mechanism 72 to move forwards when the front side door is opened, and the materials in the material gate 70 are conveyed forwards through the front side door by the first platform 71; when the rear side door is opened, the first platform 71 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to move backward, and the material is conveyed into the material gate 70 through the first platform 71. The first platform 71 can be moved forward or backward to protrude outside the material gate 70 for material transportation. During non-transportation, the first platform 71 is disposed in the material gate 70, and the tightness of the material gate 70 is not affected.
The conveying device has a telescopic function, and can extend out of the material gate forwards or backwards to realize material conveying, so that the physical consumption of personnel during material conveying is reduced, and the material conveying efficiency is increased.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 29, the transportation device of the present invention further includes a transmission mechanism 73 connecting the driving mechanism 72 and the first platform 71, wherein the transmission mechanism 73 is used for transmitting the driving force generated by the driving mechanism 72 to the first platform 71, so as to drive the first platform 71 to move, and the transmission of the transmission mechanism 73 enables the first platform 71 to move forward or back and forth relative to the material gate 70.
Further, the transmission mechanism 73 includes a driving wheel 731 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the material gate 70, a driven wheel 732 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the material gate 70, and a transmission belt 733 wound around the driving wheel 731 and the driven wheel 732; the driving wheel 731 is disposed corresponding to the front portion 711 of the first platform 71, and the driving wheel 731 is in driving connection with the driving mechanism 72 and is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in a forward direction or a reverse direction; a follower 732 is provided in correspondence with the rear portion 712 of the first platform 71; an end 7331 of the conveying belt 733 is coupled to the rear portion 712 of the first platform 71 while passing around the driving pulley 731, and an end 7332 of the conveying belt 733 is coupled to the front portion 711 of the first platform 71 while passing around the driven pulley 732. Specifically, as shown in fig. 31, the driving wheel 731 is disposed on the front side 701 of the material gate 70, the driven wheel 732 is disposed on the rear side 702 of the material gate 70, and the driving wheel 731 and the driven wheel 732 are disposed opposite to each other, when the driving wheel 731 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in the forward direction, i.e., clockwise direction, the end 7331 of the transmission belt 733 pulls the first platform 71 to move forward, so that the first platform 71 extends from the front side 701 of the material gate 70; when the driving wheel 731 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in the reverse direction, i.e. counterclockwise, the end 7332 of the transmission belt 733 pulls the first platform 71 to move backward, so that the first platform 71 moves toward the interior of the material gate 70 to reset the first platform 71, when the driving wheel 731 is further driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in the reverse direction, the first platform 71 can extend from the rear side 702 of the material gate 70, and when the driving wheel 731 rotates in the forward direction, the first platform 71 can be retracted into the material gate 70. When the driving mechanism 72 drives the driving wheel 731 to rotate, the driving wheel 731 rotates to drive the transmission belt 233 to move, the transmission belt 733 moves to enable the driven wheel 732 to rotate together, and the driven wheel 732 at the moment serves as a fixed pulley, so that the first platform 71 is stably driven.
Still further, a transmission belt 733 is wound in a zigzag shape between driving wheel 731 and driven wheel 732, and a portion between end 7331 of transmission belt 733 and driving wheel 731, a portion between driving wheel 731 and driven wheel 732, and a portion between driven wheel 732 and end 7332 are disposed in parallel with each other to secure stability of driving movement of first stage 71.
Preferably, the driving mechanism 72 is a low-speed hydraulic motor, which can achieve stepless speed regulation and set relevant safety settings to ensure safety. The driving wheel 731 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the hydraulic motor, thereby driving the first platform 71 to move forward or backward. Preferably, as shown in fig. 28, a hydraulic motor is installed at the bottom of the material gate 70, and an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the driving wheel 731, so that the driving wheel 731 is driven to rotate in a forward direction or a reverse direction by the output shaft. A driven wheel 732 is mounted to the bottom of the material gate 70 by a mounting shaft about which the driven wheel 732 is free to rotate.
In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 28, a first sliding member 741 is disposed at a bottom of the material gate 70, a first sliding rail 742 is disposed on the first platform 71 corresponding to the first sliding member 741, a direction of the first sliding rail 742 is the same as a moving direction of the first platform 71, and the first sliding member 741 is slidably disposed on the first sliding rail 742. Preferably, the first sliding rail 742 is disposed on the first platform 71 along the direction from the front portion 711 to the rear portion 712, and the first sliding rail 742 cooperates with the first sliding member 741 to limit and guide the moving direction of the first platform 71. The first sliding member 741 and the first sliding rail 742 cooperate with each other to support the first platform 71, so that the first platform 71 is supported at the bottom of the material gate 70. Preferably, the first slide rails 742 are disposed on two opposite sides of the first platform 71, and the first slide members 741 are also disposed on two opposite sides of the material gate 70.
In one embodiment, the first sliding member 741 is a bearing installed on the material gate 70, and the first rail 742 has a rail groove corresponding to the bearing, and the bearing is inserted into the rail groove and can slide along the rail groove, and rolls in the rail groove when the first platform 71 moves forward or backward. Further, in order to prevent the bearing from being separated from the end of the track groove, a baffle is arranged at the end of the track groove, the bearing is blocked by the baffle, and the baffle also plays a role of positioning, and when the bearing is contacted with the corresponding baffle, the first platform is indicated to be moved to the limit position.
In another embodiment, the first sliding member 741 is a roller rotatably mounted on the material gate 70, and the first sliding rail 742 has a sliding slot corresponding to the roller, and the roller is locked in the sliding slot and can roll along the sliding slot.
In another embodiment, the first sliding member is a T-shaped protrusion, and the first sliding rail 742 is provided with a T-shaped groove adapted to the T-shaped protrusion, and the T-shaped protrusion is snapped into the T-shaped groove and can move along the T-shaped groove.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 28 and 30, the transportation device further comprises a second platform 75 slidably disposed on the first platform 71, wherein the second platform 75 can move forward or backward relative to the first platform 71. The transportation distance of the first platform 71 is lengthened by utilizing a second platform 75 which is slidably arranged on the first platform 71, the length of the first platform 71 needs to be suitable for the length of the material gate 70, so the length of the first platform 71 may not meet the actual transportation distance, the second platform 75 is slidably arranged on the first platform 71, the second platform 75 can extend outwards from the end part of the first platform 71 when in use so as to meet the transportation distance requirement, the second platform 75 can extend outwards from the front part 711 of the first platform 71 and can also extend outwards from the rear part 712 of the first platform 71, and the second platform 75 can be folded on the first platform 71 when not in use so that the first platform 71 can be completely folded in the material gate 70.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the transporting device further comprises a synchronous power mechanism 76 connected to the first platform 71 and the second platform 75, wherein the synchronous power mechanism 76 drives the second platform 75 to move forward or backward synchronously when the first platform 71 moves forward or backward relative to the material gate 70. The synchronous movement of the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 is realized by using the synchronous power mechanism 76, so that the second platform 75 moves forwards or backwards along with the first platform 71, when the front side door of the material gate 70 is opened, the second platform 75 and the first platform 71 move forwards and extend out of the front side door, so as to realize the purpose of conveying materials to the front part of the shield machine, the second platform 75 can extend forwards relative to the first platform 71 to meet the required transportation distance, the driving force of the second platform 75 is generated by the movement of the first platform 71, and the second platform 75 moves relative to the first platform 71 through the transmission of the synchronous power mechanism 76. On one hand, the configuration of a power mechanism is saved, the first platform and the second platform are driven to move simultaneously through one driving mechanism, energy can be saved, waste can be avoided, and cost can be saved; on the other hand, the synchronous movement of the two platforms can also ensure the safety of transportation and reduce misoperation, so that the two platforms can be matched to move and transport towards the same direction.
Further, as shown in fig. 30 and 31, the synchronous power mechanism 76 includes a guide wheel 761 installed on the first platform 21 and a synchronous belt 762 wound around the guide wheel 761, an end 7621 of the synchronous belt 762 passes around the guide wheel 761 and is connected to the second platform 75, and an end 7622 of the synchronous belt 762 passes around the guide wheel 761 and is connected to the bottom of the material gate 70. The timing belt 762 is U-shaped, and portions of the timing belt 762 on both sides of the guide wheel 761 are arranged in parallel.
When the first platform 71 moves forward, as shown in fig. 31 and 30, the first platform 21 moves forward together with the guide wheel 761, the end 7621 and the second platform 75 of the timing belt 762 move forward together with the first platform 71, and the end 7622 of the timing belt 762 is fixedly connected to the material gate 70, the end 7622 is fixed, so that a force for limiting the movement of the guide wheel 761 is applied, the guide wheel 761 rotates under the action of the force for forward movement of the first platform 71 and the limiting force of the end 7622 of the timing belt 762, and at this time, the guide wheel 761 rotates counterclockwise in the state shown in fig. 30, so that the length of the timing belt 762 between the guide wheel 761 and the end 7622 becomes long, the length of the guide wheel 761 and the end 7621 directly becomes short, so that the second platform 75 is pulled forward relative to the first platform 71, and after the first platform 7671 is moved to the position, the second platform 75 moves to the end 21 close to the guide wheel 761, so that the second platform 75 extends beyond the first platform 71 to the maximum displacement. The above-mentioned is the movement process of the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 moving forward to extend out of the front side 701 of the material gate 70, and the movement principle of the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 moving backward is the same as that of the same, but the directions are opposite, only the driving wheel 731 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the movement process of the backward movement is not described again here.
Further, two guide wheels 761 and a timing belt 762 are provided at both sides of the second platform 75, one guide wheel 761 is provided at the front portion 711 of the first platform 71, and the other guide wheel 761 is provided at the rear portion 712 of the first platform 71, that is, the two guide wheels 761 and the timing belt 762 are oppositely provided. Specifically, the second platform 75 has a front portion and a rear portion opposite to each other, the front portion of the second platform 75 is disposed corresponding to the front portion 711 of the first platform 71, the rear portion of the second platform 75 is disposed corresponding to the rear portion 712 of the first platform 71, a guide wheel 761 is installed at the front portion 711 of the first platform 71, an end portion 7621 of a timing belt 762 wound on the guide wheel 761 is fixedly connected to the rear portion of the second platform 75, and an end portion 7622 of the timing belt 762 is fixed at the rear side 702 of the material gate 70 and corresponds to the position of the end portion 7621; another guide wheel 761 is installed at the rear 712 of the first platform 71, an end 7621 of a timing belt 762 wound on the guide wheel 761 is fixedly connected to the front of the second platform 75, and an end 7622 of the timing belt 762 is fixed at the front side 701 of the material gate 70 corresponding to the position of the end 7621.
When the first platform 71 moves backward and returns to the material gate 70, the first platform 71 carries the second platform 25 and the two guide wheels 761 backward, the length of the portion of the timing belt 762 wound around the guide wheel 761 at the rear portion 712 of the first platform 71 between the guide wheels 761 and the end portion 7622 is gradually increased, so that the guide wheels 761 rotate, the length of the portion of the timing belt 762 between the guide wheels 761 and the end portion 7621 is gradually decreased, and the end portion 7621 pulls the front portion of the second platform 75 backward, the second platform 75 moves backward relative to the first platform 71, and when the second platform 75 moves backward relative to the first platform 71, the length of the timing belt between the end portion 7621 and the guide wheels 761 is increased, that is, the length of the timing belt between the end portion 7622 and the guide wheels 761 is decreased, when the first platform 71 moves to the position where the first platform 71 is received in the material gate 70, the second platform 75 is also received on the first platform 71, and the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 are reset. In the above-mentioned movement process for resetting the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 from the front side of the material gate 70, the movement principle for resetting the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 from the rear side of the material gate 70 is the same as the above-mentioned movement principle, and is not described again here.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first platform 71 is provided with a second slider 743; a second slide rail 744 is disposed on the second platform 75 corresponding to the second slider 743, and the direction of the second slide rail 744 is consistent with the moving direction of the first platform 71; the second slider 743 is slidably disposed on the second slide rail 744. Preferably, the second slide rail 744 is disposed on the second platform 75 along the direction from the front to the rear, and the second slide rail 744 and the second slider 743 are matched with each other to limit and guide the moving direction of the second platform 75. The second slider 743 and the second slide 744 are engaged with each other, and also support the second platform 75, so as to support the second platform 75 at the bottom of the material gate 70. The second slider 743 is disposed on opposite sides of the first platform 71, and the second slide 744 is disposed on opposite sides of the second platform 75.
Preferably, the second sliding member 743 is fixed on the first sliding rail 742, and the installation direction of the first sliding rail 742 is the same as the installation direction of the second sliding rail 744, so as to limit the moving direction of the first platform 71 and the moving direction of the second platform 75 to be the same.
In one embodiment, the second slider 743 is a bearing, the bearing is mounted on the material gate 70, the second slide rail 744 is provided with a rail groove corresponding to the bearing, the bearing is clamped in the rail groove and can slide along the rail groove, and the bearing rolls in the rail groove when the second platform 21 moves forwards or backwards. Further, in order to prevent the bearing from being separated from the end of the track groove, a baffle is arranged at the end of the track groove, the bearing is blocked by the baffle, and the baffle also plays a role of positioning, and when the bearing is contacted with the corresponding baffle, the first platform is indicated to be moved to the limit position.
In another embodiment, the second sliding member 743 is a roller rotatably mounted on the material gate 70, and the second sliding rail 744 is provided with a sliding slot corresponding to the roller, and the roller is inserted into the sliding slot and can roll along the sliding slot.
In another embodiment, the second slider 743 is a T-shaped protrusion, and the second slide rail 744 is provided with a T-shaped groove adapted to the T-shaped protrusion, and the T-shaped protrusion is inserted into the T-shaped groove and can move along the T-shaped groove.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transportation device further includes a multi-stage platform slidably disposed on the second platform 75 and a multi-stage synchronous driving mechanism connecting the second platform and the multi-stage platform, and the multi-stage platform and the second platform are driven to move synchronously by the multi-stage synchronous driving mechanism. The multi-stage platform can move forwards or backwards relative to the second platform, the multi-stage platform comprises a plurality of platforms which can move forwards or backwards relative to each other, and the number of the platforms can be selected according to the required actual transportation distance. The transportation distance of the transportation device is further lengthened by utilizing the multistage platform, and the integral telescopic quantity of the transportation device is increased so as to meet the requirement of long-distance transportation operation. The specific structure of the multistage synchronous driving mechanism can be the same as that of a synchronous power mechanism, and the linkage among multiple platforms is realized by adopting the structures of guide wheels and synchronous belts.
In one embodiment of the present invention, opening and closing sensors are provided at the front side door and the rear side door of the material gate 70, and the opening and closing states of the front side door and the rear side door are detected by the opening and closing sensors, so that the transport apparatus is controlled to move forward or backward by the opening and closing sensors. This allows the transport device to be moved towards the door opening only when the door is opened. Specifically, when the front side door is opened, after the switch sensor at the front side door senses that the front side door is opened, the control driving mechanism 72 drives the driving wheel 731 to rotate in the forward direction, the driving wheel 731 drives the first platform 71 to move forward through the transmission belt 733, and then the first platform 71 extends out of the front side door to transport the materials placed on the first platform. Further, in the process of moving the first platform 71 forward, the second platform 75 is driven by the synchronous power mechanism 76 to move forward relative to the first platform 71, so that the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 extend forward, and the material is placed on the second platform 75. After the transportation operation is completed, the driving wheel 731 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 are received in the material gate 70, and then the front side door of the material gate 70 can be closed. When the rear side door of the material gate 70 is opened, after the switch sensor at the rear side door senses that the rear side door is opened, the control driving mechanism 72 drives the driving wheel 731 to rotate in the reverse direction, the driving wheel 731 drives the first platform 71 to move backward through the transmission belt 733, and then the first platform 71 extends out from the rear side door to place materials on the first platform 71. Further, in the process that the first platform 71 moves backwards, the second platform 75 is driven to move backwards relative to the first platform 71 through the synchronous power mechanism 76, so that the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 extend backwards, materials are placed on the second platform 75, after the materials are loaded, the driving wheel 731 is driven by the driving mechanism 72 to rotate forwards, the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 are placed in the material gate 70, and then the rear side door of the material gate 70 can be closed. Preferably, the first platform 71 and the second platform 75 may be formed of a frame structure using a plurality of strips connected in a staggered manner, preferably made of steel plates. The transmission belt 733 and the timing belt 762 of the present invention are preferably chains, and the driving wheel 731, the driven wheel 732 and the guide wheel 761 are preferably sprockets.
The conveying device realizes the stable extension and contraction of heavy loads of the first platform and the second platform through the single driving mechanism, can greatly improve the conveying efficiency and reduce the manual heavy body force action, and provides convenience for the replacement of the normal-pressure tool changing tool.
The conveying device is of a telescopic adjusting structure and can be stored in the material gate when not in use, so that the sealing requirement of the material gate is met. After the material brake is opened, the material brake can move forwards to transport materials to the front part of the shield machine, and can also move backwards to transport the materials into the material brake. The stability and the safety of the conveyed materials can be ensured in the transportation process.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 32 and 33, a plurality of flushing holes are provided at a head center block 119 of the head 11, each of the flushing holes is connected to a communication pipe 36 for introducing muddy water, and the center of the head is flushed by the communication pipe 36. The shield machine of the invention is provided with the remote control system for the communicating pipe 36, can realize remote control of the flushing pipeline, avoids the frequent entering and exiting of operating space in the central area of the cutter head by operators, and reduces the potential safety hazard.
The remote control system includes: a pneumatic ball valve 37 attached to the communication pipe 36; one end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the pneumatic ball valve 37, the other end of the air supply pipe extends out of the central area of the cutter head and is connected with an air supply device, air is introduced into the air supply pipe by controlling the air supply device, so that the air enters the pneumatic ball valve 37, the pneumatic ball valve 37 is opened, the corresponding communication pipe 36 is communicated, and therefore muddy water can be sprayed out from the corresponding flushing hole and the corresponding part of the cutter head is cleaned; and a check valve 38 installed at the communication pipe 36 to prevent external muddy water from flowing backward into the communication pipe 36. Preferably, the flushing holes are arranged at intervals of 12. Specifically, the manual ball valve 39 is further included, the manual ball valve 39 is arranged on the communication pipe 36, the manual ball valve 39 is normally open, and the manual ball valve 39 can be manually closed when the corresponding communication pipe 36 and the corresponding pneumatic ball valve 37 are overhauled. Preferably, the air supply device may be an air compressor or the like.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 33, the slurry shield includes a central rotary joint 60, the central rotary joint 60 includes a rotary part 605 connected with the cutterhead and rotating together with the cutterhead, and a fixed part 604 sleeved on the rotary part 605 and fixedly installed in the slurry shield, and a gap is formed between the fixed part 604 and the rotary part 605 to form a communication channel;
the remote control system further includes a gas receiving hole 6041 opened in the fixing portion 604 and communicated with the communicating channel, one end of the gas supply pipe away from the pneumatic ball valve 37 is communicated with the communicating channel, and gas is filled into the gas receiving hole 6041, so that gas flows into the communicating channel and is introduced into the pneumatic ball valve 37 through the gas supply pipe, and the pneumatic ball valve 37 is opened. Specifically, still including installing in the solenoid valve of air supply pipe, this solenoid valve is connected with the control panel electricity of slurry shield, through control panel in order to open the solenoid valve for the air supply pipe switches on, thereby the gas that air feeder provided can get into pneumatic ball valve 37 through the air supply pipe. Preferably, a strip-shaped groove 6051 communicated with the communication channel is formed on the side of the rotating portion 605, and the air supply pipe is communicated with the pneumatic ball valve 37 and the strip-shaped groove 6051.
The specific implementation method of the invention is as follows: manually opening the manual ball valve 39 and keeping the normal open state; inserting a gas pipe of high-pressure gas into the gas receiving hole 6041, so that the high-pressure gas flows into the communicating channel and the strip-shaped groove 6051 from the gas receiving hole 6041 and flows to the gas supply pipe; an operator controls a control panel of the slurry shield to control the corresponding electromagnetic valve to be opened, the corresponding air supply pipe is conducted, so that air flows into the corresponding pneumatic ball valve 37 and opens the pneumatic ball valve 37 to conduct the corresponding communicating pipe 36, and thus slurry is sprayed out from the corresponding flushing hole through the communicating pipe 36 and flushes the area of the cutter head; this kind of mode only needs can be so that appointed washing hole washes to the appointed region of blade disc through controlling control panel, because the blade disc is rotatory when in actual use, consequently is difficult to directly carry gas to pneumatic ball valve through the air supply pipe, adopts the mode of intercommunication passageway and bar groove 6051 conveying gas can guarantee gaseous transmission, does not influence the rotation of blade disc again, has realized remote control, has reduced the potential safety hazard.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the shield machine further includes a shield machine frame 12 installed at the rear end of the shield body 10, and a grouting mixer drum 80 disposed on the shield machine frame 12, wherein the grouting mixer drum 80 is used for providing synchronous grouting slurry for the shield machine. The grouting agitation tank 80 is provided with a sealing structure for sealing the grouting agitation tank 80, as shown in fig. 34, at the installation of the drive shaft 81 installed on the grouting agitation tank 80.
As shown in fig. 34 to 38, the sealing structure of the grouting mixing barrel 80 includes a seal mounting seat 82, a seal bearing 83, a cover plate 84, a bearing outer ring baffle 832 and a filling passage, wherein: the end part of the driving shaft 81 is connected with a stirring shaft 800 of the grouting stirring barrel 80 through a fastener such as a bolt; the sealing mounting seat 82 is sleeved on the driving shaft 81, a mounting hole is formed in the grouting stirring barrel 80, and the sealing mounting seat 82 penetrates through the mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the grouting stirring barrel 80 through a fastening piece such as a bolt; the sealing bearing 83 is sleeved on the driving shaft 81 and is positioned at the inner ring of the sealing installation seat 82, the driving shaft 81 is sleeved with a first shaft sleeve 811 and a second shaft sleeve 812 which are respectively positioned at two sides of the sealing bearing 83, the first shaft sleeve 811 is positioned at the outer side of the sealing installation seat 82, the second shaft sleeve 812 is positioned at the inner ring of the sealing installation seat 82, and a first sealing ring 851 is arranged between the outer ring of the second shaft sleeve 812 and the sealing installation seat 82; the cover plate 84 is provided with a first through hole, the cover plate 84 is sleeved on the driving shaft 81 through the first through hole and is attached to one side of the seal installation seat 82 close to the stirring shaft 800, the joint surface of the cover plate 84 and the seal installation seat 82 is in a mutually matched concave-convex shape, the driving shaft 81 is provided with two second sealing rings 852, and the two second sealing rings 852 are respectively positioned on the inner ring of the second shaft sleeve 812 and the inner ring of the cover plate 84; a second through hole is formed in the bearing outer ring baffle 832, the bearing outer ring baffle 832 is sleeved on the first shaft sleeve 811 through the second through hole and is mounted on one side of the seal mounting seat 82, which is far away from the cover plate 84, through a fastener such as a bolt, and a third sealing ring 853 is arranged between the inner ring of the bearing outer ring baffle 832 and the first shaft sleeve 811; the oil injection passages are arranged on the seal mounting seat 82 and comprise two first oil injection ports arranged on the surfaces of two opposite sides of the outer ring of the seal mounting seat and two first oil passages communicated with the first oil injection ports respectively, and one end, far away from the first oil injection ports, of the first oil passages extends to the joint surface of the seal mounting seat and the cover plate.
When the sealing bearing 83 or the sealing element in the device needs to be replaced, the whole sealing device of the grouting stirring barrel of the shield tunneling machine can be detached from the grouting stirring barrel only by sequentially detaching the connecting bolt between the driving shaft 81 and the stirring shaft 800 and the connecting bolt between the sealing mounting seat 82 and the grouting stirring barrel 80, so that the maintenance work can be conveniently carried out on the construction site; after the maintenance is finished, the sealing mounting seat 82 and the grouting stirring barrel 80 are connected and assembled through the connecting bolt, and the driving shaft 81 and the stirring shaft 800 are connected and assembled through the connecting bolt, so that the grouting stirring barrel of the shield tunneling machine can restore the working state again, the whole assembling and disassembling process is simple and convenient, and the device is used in a smaller construction environment in the shield tunneling machine.
The cover plate 84 with the concave-convex-shaped cross-over surface is arranged to increase the contact area with the seal mounting seat 82, the infiltration route is prolonged to prevent the slurry in the grouting stirring barrel from flowing into the inner ring of the seal mounting seat 82, and meanwhile, high-viscosity grease is injected between the cross-over surface of the cover plate 84 and the seal mounting seat 82 through the first oil injection port and the first oil path in a pressing mode to seal the gap between the cover plate 84 and the cross-over surface of the seal mounting seat 82, so that the sealing effect is improved; the two second sealing rings 852 arranged on the driving shaft 81 can effectively prevent the slurry in the grouting stirring barrel 80 from flowing into the sealing bearing 83 from the gap between the second shaft sleeve 812 and the driving shaft 81 and the gap between the cover plate 84 and the driving shaft 81 when the driving shaft 81 runs, so that the sealing bearing 83 is damaged; the third sealing ring 853 serves to prevent external dust from entering the sealing bearing 83; the device has simple structure and easy installation, effectively reduces the probability of slurry entering the sealing bearing 83, is beneficial to continuous grouting when the shield is propelled, and ensures that the construction is carried out smoothly.
In this embodiment, the first seal ring 851 is a U-shaped seal ring having a U-shaped axial cross section, and has higher plasticity and excellent wear resistance.
In this embodiment, the fourth sealing ring 854 is disposed between the outer ring of the sealing mounting seat 82 and the inner wall of the mounting hole of the grouting mixing barrel 80, and the fourth sealing ring 854 mounted on the sealing mounting seat 82 can effectively prevent the grout in the grouting mixing barrel from flowing out of the barrel from the gap between the sealing mounting seat 82 and the grouting mixing barrel 80 when the driving shaft 81 is running, thereby polluting the construction environment.
In the present embodiment, a round nut 860 that abuts on the side of the first sleeve 811 that is away from the seal attachment seat 82 is fitted over the drive shaft 81, a stopper washer 861 that is fitted over the drive shaft 81 is provided between the round nut 860 and the first sleeve 811, the inner ring of the seal bearing 83 is axially positioned by the first sleeve 811 and the second sleeve 812, the first sleeve 811 and the seal bearing 83 are axially positioned by the round nut 860 and the stopper washer 861, and the outer ring of the seal bearing 83 is axially positioned by the bearing outer ring shield 832.
In this embodiment, a bearing retainer 831 is disposed on a side of the sealing bearing 83 close to the second sleeve 812, the cover plate 84 and the bearing retainer 831 are axially positioned by the second sleeve 812, and slurry in the grouting mixer during operation of the driving shaft 81 can be effectively prevented from flowing into the sealing bearing 83 through a gap between the sealing mounting seat 82 and the second sleeve 812 by the bearing retainer 831, so that the operating sealing bearing 83 is damaged.
In this embodiment, the oil injection passage includes two first oil injection ports 821 provided on two opposite side surfaces of the outer ring of the seal mounting seat 82 and two first oil passages respectively communicated with the first oil injection ports 821, one end of the first oil passage far from the first oil injection ports 821 extends to an interface between the seal mounting seat 82 and the cover plate 84, and a layer of pressure grease can be formed in a concave-convex surface gap between the cover plate 84 and the seal mounting seat 82 through the first oil injection ports 821 and the first oil passages, so that most of the grout in the grouting mixing tank can be blocked to prevent the grout from flowing into the seal bearing 83.
Secondly, be equipped with two first sealing ring 851 between the outside of second shaft cover 812 and seal installation seat 82, the oiling passageway still includes the second oiling mouth 822 that sets up in seal installation seat 82 outer lane surface, the installation department of two first sealing ring 851 is through setting up the sunken intercommunication each other of seal installation seat 82 inner circle, second oiling mouth 822 and sunken through second oil circuit intercommunication, can press the low viscosity grease of notes to first sealing ring 851 through second oiling mouth 822 and second oil circuit, reach the lubrication action through the oiling, in order to prevent first sealing ring friction damage, strengthen its sealing reliability and life.
Thirdly, the oil injection passage further comprises a third oil injection hole 823 formed in the surface of the outer ring of the seal mounting seat 82, the third oil injection hole 823 is communicated with the mounting position of the seal bearing 83 through a third oil path, low-viscosity grease can be injected into the mounting position of the seal bearing 83 through the third oil injection hole 823 and the third oil path, the seal bearing 83 is lubricated through oil injection, the lubricated grease can further permeate into the third seal ring 853, dust and the like at the position of the seal bearing 83 are brought out of the bearing outer ring baffle 832, and the working stability of the seal bearing 83 is improved.
In this embodiment, seal bearing 83, first axle sleeve 811, second axle sleeve 812 and apron 84 all with (mixing) shaft 8005 transition fit, fourth sealing ring 854 is installed in the first ring channel of seal installation seat 82 surface setting, second sealing ring 852 is installed in the second ring channel of drive shaft 81 surface setting, first sealing ring 851 is installed in the third ring channel of seal installation seat 82 inner circle setting, and first sealing ring 851 and second axle sleeve 812 transition fit, third sealing ring 853 and first axle sleeve 811 transition fit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shield tunneling machine of the present invention further includes a replacing device for replacing a cutter on the cutter head, as shown in fig. 39 to 49, the replacing device including a fixing member 91, a moving member 92, two gates 93, a gate opening and closing cylinder 94, a detaching cylinder 95, and a holder 96. The shield cutter 14 may be a hob, a serrated knife, a tearing knife, or the like. The fixing member 91 has a housing cavity that is open on both sides in a first direction (e.g., left-right direction in fig. 39) and has an "i" shaped cross section. Referring to fig. 39, the fixing member 91 extends in the left-right direction, and both left and right ends of the fixing member 91 are open, and a receiving cavity in which both left and right ends are open is defined in the fixing member 91. The retainer 96 is connected to one side of the fixing member 91, the cylinder stopper 97 is connected to one side of the retainer 96, which is away from the fixing member 91, and the guide strips 98 are provided inside the retainer 96 in a first direction, as shown in fig. 44. The moving member 92 is movably provided in the accommodation chamber of the fixed member 91 and the holder 96 in a first direction (for example, left-right direction in fig. 39 and 40), that is, the moving member 92 is movable relative to the fixed member 91 and the holder 96. Wherein the shield cutter 14 is adapted to be provided on one side (e.g., the left side in fig. 40) of the moving member 92 in the first direction. So that the shield cutter 14, such as a hob, a toothed or a tear cutter, etc., can move in a first direction with the movement of the moving member 92. The moving member 92 may be a cylindrical structure, and one side (for example, the left side in fig. 40) is provided with a slot for installing the shield cutter 14, and the other side (for example, the left side in fig. 40) is provided with a socket (not shown) for inserting and connecting the detaching cylinder 95. Further, the outer side of the moving member is provided with a guide groove (not shown) corresponding to the guide bar 98 and arranged in the first direction. The cutter guide is realized by matching the guide strip and the guide groove between the retainer and the moving member, so that the cutter is kept stable in the dismounting process and cannot deviate.
The first end of the detaching cylinder 95 is connected to the other side of the moving member 92 in the first direction, and a cylinder lug 971 for connecting the second end of the detaching cylinder 95 is provided at the cylinder stopper 97. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 45, the number of the cylinder lugs 971 is two, and the cylinder stopper 97 is a limiting plate connected to an edge of the side of the two cylinder lugs 971 away from the holder 96, and preferably, the outer edge of the cylinder lug 971 is fan-shaped, and the limiting plate is also fan-shaped, and closes the outer edge of the two cylinder lugs 971. The first end of the detaching cylinder 95 is inserted into the socket of the moving member 92, and the corresponding side of the moving member 92 is provided with a socket for inserting the detaching cylinder. The second end of the detaching cylinder 95 is detachably connected with the cylinder ear plate 971 by a connecting pin 973, and the second end of the detaching cylinder 95 and the cylinder ear plate 971 are respectively provided with a connecting hole 972 for connecting the connecting pin 973. The first end of the detaching cylinder 95 is a cylinder end thereof, and the second end of the detaching cylinder 95 is a telescopic rod end thereof.
Both the gates 93 are provided on the fixing member 91, and the two gates 93 are provided in a second direction (for example, the up-down direction in fig. 41, 43, and 48) perpendicular to the first direction. The two shutters 93 are relatively movable in the second direction. As shown in fig. 41, 43, and 48, the two shutters 93 are respectively positioned on both upper and lower sides of the fixing member 91 and face each other at equal heights, and the upper shutter 93 is movable back and forth in the vertical direction, and similarly, the lower shutter 93 is also movable back and forth in the vertical direction.
The two gates 93 are configured to be separated from each other during movement of the moving member 92 in a direction toward one side of the moving member 92 in the first direction (e.g., a left-to-right direction in fig. 41 to 9), and to be close to each other and to isolate both sides of the accommodating chamber when the moving member 92 together with the shield cutter is completely moved to a back side of the gate 93 in the first direction (e.g., a right side of the gate in fig. 48).
As shown in fig. 42 to 9, when the moving member 92 drives the shield cutter 14 to move to the right, the upper gate 93 moves upwards, and at the same time, the lower gate 93 moves downwards, the upper and lower gates 93 are gradually separated, so that the shield cutter 14 can continue to move to the left, and at least a part of the moving member 92 extends out of the accommodating cavity.
As shown in fig. 48 and fig. 49, after moving member 92 drives shield cutter 14 and moves to extreme position, gate 93 of upside moves down, meanwhile, gate 93 of downside shifts up, the gate 93 of upper and lower both sides is close to gradually, the lower extreme of gate 93 up to the upside contacts with the upper end of gate 93 of downside, thereby two gates 93 will hold the chamber and separate into two chambeies about, and then realized the separation of high, low pressure environment, operating personnel can realize the tool changing in ordinary pressure environment like this, and the tool changing security is high. Here, it should be noted that "low pressure" is referred to a high pressure in the upper chamber, and does not mean a low pressure lower than the standard atmospheric pressure. In addition, by adopting the split gate structure of the two gates 93, the arrangement space of the normal-pressure replaceable cutter in the shield cutter head is effectively saved, and meanwhile, the replaceable cutter is conveniently arranged in the middle of each cutter beam of the shield cutter head, so that the stress balance of the shield cutter head and the overall strength of the shield cutter head are ensured to a certain extent. Therefore, according to the shield cutter replacing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the two gates 93 are arranged on the fixing piece 91, so that the arrangement space of the replaceable cutter in the shield cutter head is effectively saved, and the stress balance and the overall strength of the shield cutter head are ensured to a certain extent.
To facilitate mounting and control of the two shutters 93, in the present embodiment, the two shutters 93 are provided on the side of the fixing member 91 remote from the holder. The two gates 93 are formed of a frame connected to one side of the fixing member 91 and two leaves relatively movably disposed on the frame, so that the two gates share the same frame. The side of the door frame remote from the fixture 91 is connected to a holder 141 for mounting the shield cutter 14. The two gates 93 are controlled to open and close by a gate opening and closing cylinder 94, and the gate opening and closing cylinder 94 is connected with the two gates 93 in a driving mode so as to control the two gates 93 to be closed relatively or opened oppositely. In this embodiment, the gate switch cylinder 94 is installed beside the knife holder 141, the gate switch cylinder 94 is telescopically arranged along the second direction, and two opposite telescopic ends of the gate switch cylinder 94 are respectively connected to the outer edges of the two gates 93 through the connecting plates 941.
The shield cutter replacing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is adopted to carry out cutter changing operation and comprises the following main steps: step 1: the shield cutter replacing device is connected to the cutter seat 141 of the shield cutter 14 through a fixing piece 91, a moving piece 92 is arranged in a containing cavity of the fixing piece, and two gates 93 are arranged on one side of the fixing piece 91, as shown in fig. 39; step 2: the two gates 93 are opened by the gate opening and closing cylinder 94, and the moving member 92 connected to the shield cutter 14 at one side is movably disposed in the receiving cavities of the holder 141 and the fixing member 91 in the first direction. And step 3: a first end of the detaching cylinder 95 is connected to the moving member 92, as shown in fig. 40; and 4, step 4: mounting a holder 96 on the fixing member 91, as shown in fig. 41; and 5: extending the detaching cylinder 95 along the first direction until the second end of the detaching cylinder 95 abuts against the cylinder stopper, and connecting and fixing the second end of the detaching cylinder 95 and the cylinder ear plate 971 by using a connecting pin 973, as shown in fig. 42 and 43; step 6: shortening the disassembling oil cylinder 95, retreating the shield cutter 14 into the holder 2 along the first direction, and when the shield cutter 14 is completely retreated to the side of the gate 93 far away from the cutter seat, closing the two gates 93 relatively by using the gate opening and closing oil cylinder 94, as shown in fig. 46-49; and 7: the retainer 96 is removed from the fixing piece 91, the shield cutter 14 is removed together with the moving piece 92, and the shield cutter 14 is replaced, so that the shield cutter 14 is replaced from the moving piece 92 conveniently, the length of the moving piece 92 is made to be equal to that of the retainer 96, the length of the fixing piece 91 is equal to that of the shield cutter 14, and after the shield cutter 14 is connected with the retainer 96 and inserted together, the shield cutter 14 can be exposed out of the retainer 96, and replacement of the shield cutter 14 is facilitated. According to the shield cutter replacing device and the shield cutter replacing method, the two gates are arranged on the fixing piece, so that the arrangement space of the replaceable cutter in the shield cutter head is effectively saved, and the stress balance and the integral strength of the shield cutter head are ensured to a certain extent; the oil cylinder limiting stopper on the retainer can prevent the disassembly oil cylinder from extending beyond the head, and the connecting pin can be stably installed; the cutter guide is realized by matching the guide strip and the guide groove between the retainer and the moving member, so that the cutter is kept stable in the dismounting process and cannot deviate.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an extra large diameter soft soil stratum surpasses deeply buries ordinary pressure tool changing muddy water gas balance shield machine which characterized in that includes:
a shield body;
the cutter head is rotatably arranged at the front end of the shield body; and
install in the profiling cutter of blade disc, including installing the tool box on the blade disc and locating in proper order telescopic cylinder, cutter arbor and the tool bit in the tool box, the first end of cutter arbor connect in telescopic cylinder, telescopic cylinder fixes the first side of tool box, the second side opening of tool box, the tool bit is fixed in the second end of cutter arbor, the outside cover of cutter arbor is equipped with the spring, the both ends of spring support respectively the top the butt board that the cutter arbor outside set up and the butt platform that the tool box inboard formed, the spring is in it is right when rotatory to the bottom position along with the blade disc that work load is in order to avoid to the tool bit surpasss to stretch out the second side opening of tool box.
2. The ultra-large diameter soft soil formation ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine according to claim 1, further comprising a shield machine frame connected to the rear end of the shield body and a walking structure mounted on the shield machine frame;
the traveling structure comprises a supporting beam for mounting the frame of the shield tunneling machine, two wheel sets arranged at the bottom of the supporting beam and a steering device arranged between the two wheel sets and used for adjusting the moving direction of the wheel sets;
the two ends of the supporting beam are respectively arranged on the two wheel sets in a turnover mode, and the wheel sets can move and walk on the duct piece to drive the shield machine frame to move and walk.
3. The ultra-large diameter soft soil formation ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine of claim 1, further comprising a flushing system which is arranged in the shield body and used for flushing the cutter head;
the flushing system comprises a sludge conveying pipe, a central pipe, a circulating pipe and a slurry discharge pipe;
the mud conveying pipe is used for inputting mud water into the mud water bin positioned at the back of the cutter head, and one end of the mud conveying pipe extends into the mud water bin and is positioned above the center of the cutter head;
one end of the central pipe is communicated with the mud conveying pipe, and the other end of the central pipe extends into the muddy water bin and is opposite to the center of the cutter head;
one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the central pipe, and the other end of the circulating pipe extends into the air cushion bin communicated with the muddy water bin and is positioned below the liquid level of the muddy water in the air cushion bin so as to extract the muddy water from the air cushion bin and flow into the central pipe;
one end of the pulp discharge pipe extends into the bottom of the air cushion bin so as to discharge the sediments at the bottom of the air cushion bin outwards.
4. The ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-air balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein an air cushion bin is arranged at the back of the cutter head at the front end of the shield body, and the air cushion bin is provided with a sludge discharge port;
the shield tunneling machine further comprises an installation frame which is installed at the mud discharging port and aligned with the mud discharging port, a fixed grid which is embedded in the installation frame, a movable grid which is movably connected with the installation frame in an inserted manner, and a driving oil cylinder which is in driving connection with the movable grid;
the movable grating and the fixed grating are arranged in the same direction;
the driving oil cylinder is arranged in the air cushion bin and is used for pushing and pulling the movable grating.
5. The ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-air balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein an air cushion bin is arranged at the back of the cutter head at the front end of the shield body, a stirrer is arranged in the air cushion bin, and the stirrer is provided with a rotating shaft;
the rotating shaft is sleeved with a stirring blade, a third bearing seat and an outer ring;
the stirring blade is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
the third bearing seat is fixedly connected with the outer ring;
the outer ring is positioned between the stirring blades and the third bearing seat, and the cross-over surface of the outer ring and the stirring blades is in a mutually clamped concave-convex shape;
the inner ring of the third bearing seat and the inner ring of the outer ring are provided with a sleeve and are sleeved on the inner ring on the rotating shaft, the inner ring of the third bearing seat is provided with a plurality of closed grooves, second sealing rings are installed in the closed grooves, and the second sealing rings are abutted to the outer surface of the inner ring.
6. The ultra-large diameter soft soil formation ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine of claim 1, further comprising a shield center rotary joint connected with the cutter head and located in the shield body;
the shield constructs central swivel joint and includes:
the rotary distribution shaft is internally provided with a plurality of pipelines, each pipeline is provided with a first pipe orifice and a second pipe orifice which are opposite, the first pipe orifice is positioned on the peripheral surface of the rotary distribution shaft, the second pipe orifice is positioned on the end surface of the rotary distribution shaft, and the rotary distribution shaft is connected with the cutter head and rotates together with the cutter head;
the first connecting block is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft and provided with a first end part and a second end part which are opposite, and an annular assembling groove is formed in the second end part of the first connecting block;
the first bearing is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft, the first bearing is arranged in the annular assembling groove, and the periphery of the first bearing is fixedly connected with the first connecting block;
the connecting assembly is sleeved on the rotary distribution shaft, the end part of the connecting assembly is connected with the first bearing, a plurality of annular communicating grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the connecting assembly, and the annular communicating grooves are communicated with the first pipe orifices of the corresponding pipelines;
the second bearing is sleeved at the end part, close to the first end part of the first connecting block, of the rotary distribution shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotary distribution shaft;
the third bearing is sleeved at the end part, close to the connecting assembly, of the rotating distribution shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotating distribution shaft;
and the second bearing and the third bearing are tightly connected through a split connecting piece, and the first connecting block and the connecting assembly are clamped by the second bearing and the third bearing through the split connecting piece.
7. The ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a main drive and a center cabin arranged between the main drive and the cutter head are arranged in the shield body, and a material gate is arranged in the center cabin;
the bottom of the material gate is provided with a first platform and a driving mechanism which can slide relatively, and the first platform can move forwards or backwards relative to the material gate;
the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the first platform, and drives the first platform to move relative to the material gate and further move towards the cutter head so as to realize feeding and move towards the main driving so as to realize feeding.
8. The ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-air balance shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of flushing holes are arranged on a center block of the cutter head, each flushing hole is connected with a communicating pipe for introducing slurry, and a pneumatic ball valve is arranged on the communicating pipe;
the shield machine further comprises an air supply pipe, one end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the pneumatic ball valve, the other end of the air supply pipe extends out of the central area of the cutter head and is connected with an air supply device, the air supply device is controlled to supply air to the air supply pipe, so that the air enters the pneumatic ball valve to open the pneumatic ball valve and conduct the corresponding communication pipe, and therefore muddy water can be automatically corresponding to the flushing holes to be sprayed outwards and cleaned corresponding parts of the cutter head.
9. The ultra-large diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine of claim 1, further comprising a shield machine frame mounted at the rear end of the shield body and a grouting stirring barrel arranged on the shield machine frame;
a sealing mounting seat is arranged on the grouting stirring barrel, a sealing bearing is arranged in the sealing mounting seat, and a driving shaft penetrates through the sealing bearing;
the driving shaft is sleeved with a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve which are positioned on two sides of the sealing bearing, the first shaft sleeve is positioned on the outer side of the sealing installation seat, the second bearing is positioned on the inner side of the sealing installation seat, and a first sealing ring is arranged between the outer ring of the second shaft sleeve and the sealing installation seat;
the cover is equipped with the apron on the drive shaft, the apron pastes and locates sealed mount pad is close to one side of second shaft sleeve, the apron with the handing-over of sealed mount pad is personally submitted the concave-convex form that matches each other, the apron with it is equipped with the second sealing ring to press from both sides between the drive shaft.
10. The ultra-large diameter soft soil formation ultra-deep buried normal pressure tool changing slurry-gas balance shield machine of claim 1, further comprising a replacing device for replacing the tool on the cutter head, wherein the replacing device comprises a fixing member, a retainer, a moving member, a detaching cylinder, two gates and a gate switch cylinder;
the fixing piece is provided with an accommodating cavity, and two sides of the accommodating cavity in the first direction are open;
the retainer is connected to one side of the fixing piece, one side, far away from the fixing piece, of the retainer is connected with an oil cylinder limiter, and a guide strip arranged along the first direction is arranged on the inner side of the retainer;
the moving piece is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity and the retainer along the first direction, a guide groove which corresponds to the guide strip and is arranged along the first direction is arranged on the outer side of the moving piece, and the cutter is suitable for being arranged on one side of the moving piece in the first direction;
the first end of the disassembling oil cylinder is connected to the other side of the moving part in the first direction, and an oil cylinder lug plate for connecting the second end of the disassembling oil cylinder is arranged at the oil cylinder limiter;
the two gates are arranged on the fixing piece and can move relatively in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
the gate switch oil cylinder is connected with the two gates in a driving mode so as to control the two gates to be closed relatively or opened oppositely.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010413579.XA CN111520152B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Super-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine |
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| CN202010413579.XA CN111520152B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Super-large-diameter soft soil stratum ultra-deep buried normal-pressure tool-changing cement-gas balance shield machine |
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| CN111520152A true CN111520152A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111520152B CN111520152B (en) | 2021-10-12 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112593963A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Hob cutter head capable of scraping soil |
| CN112901189A (en) * | 2021-03-13 | 2021-06-04 | 广州金土岩土工程技术有限公司 | Low-resistance extrusion hole-expanding type rectangular pipe jacking machine and construction method thereof |
| CN114086970A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏马超地下工程设备有限公司 | Mechanism capable of combining and supporting travel equipment to walk and walking method |
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| JPH08210089A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1996-08-13 | Yokohamashi | Shield machine |
| CN102733814A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏凯宫隧道机械有限公司 | Copy cutter device |
| CN207761653U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-24 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of normal pressure back of the body dress changes copy cutter device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08210089A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1996-08-13 | Yokohamashi | Shield machine |
| CN102733814A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏凯宫隧道机械有限公司 | Copy cutter device |
| CN207761653U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-24 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of normal pressure back of the body dress changes copy cutter device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112593963A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽唐兴机械装备有限公司 | Hob cutter head capable of scraping soil |
| CN112593963B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2024-06-04 | 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 | Hobbing cutter blade disc capable of scraping soil |
| CN112901189A (en) * | 2021-03-13 | 2021-06-04 | 广州金土岩土工程技术有限公司 | Low-resistance extrusion hole-expanding type rectangular pipe jacking machine and construction method thereof |
| CN114086970A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏马超地下工程设备有限公司 | Mechanism capable of combining and supporting travel equipment to walk and walking method |
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|---|---|
| CN111520152B (en) | 2021-10-12 |
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Effective date of registration: 20211215 Address after: No. 1099, No. 5, Wan Ping Nan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: SHANGHAI TUNNEL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Shanghai Waigaoqiao tunnel machinery Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1099, No. 5, Wan Ping Nan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI TUNNEL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: No. 1099, No. 5, Wan Ping Nan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: SHANGHAI TUNNEL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Shanghai urban construction tunnel equipment Co., Ltd Address before: No. 1099, No. 5, Wan Ping Nan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI TUNNEL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Shanghai Waigaoqiao tunnel machinery Co., Ltd |
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