CN111519275A - Sheath-core structure composite fiber and nonwoven fabric comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sheath-core structure composite fiber and a non-woven fabric containing the sheath-core structure composite fiber. The sheath-core structure composite fiber comprises a skin layer of 30-40tw% and a core layer of 70-60tw%, and the skin layer is composed of a poly The skin layer material of vinyl fiber is prepared, the melting point of the polyethylene fiber is 120-130 ° C, the core layer is prepared from the core layer material including high shrinkage polyester fiber, and the melting point of the high shrinkage polyester fiber is It is 160～260 ℃. The non-woven fabric is made of the above-mentioned composite fibers of the skin-core structure through opening, mixing, carding, laying, and hot air bonding. The surface of the skin-core composite fiber provided by the present invention has a similar "large intestine" fold structure, which is beneficial to improve the permeability and anti-rewet property of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention as a guide layer material.

Description

Sheath-core structure composite fiber and nonwoven fabric containing the same

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of hot air non-woven materials, more particularly, it relates to a composite fiber with a sheath-core structure and a non-woven fabric containing the composite fiber with a sheath-core structure.

Background technique

In the field of disposable hygiene products, the diversion layer is a layer of non-woven material placed between the surface layer and the core layer. Its function is to help the liquid to penetrate down from the surface layer quickly, and to disperse the liquid evenly longitudinally to transmit And sent to the absorbent core layer, so that the absorbent core layer can effectively absorb liquid, effectively prevent reverse osmosis, so as to keep the surface layer dry and comfortable.

At present, the air-conducting layer commonly used in the market is a hot-air non-woven material made of single-layer PE/PP or PE/PET and other two-component thermal bonding fibers by hot-air reinforcement. The hot-air non-woven material has a good spatial structure. The thickness is 3 to 5 times that of the same quantitative hot-rolled cloth, the gap between the fibers is large, and it can temporarily store liquid more than 10 times its own mass. The rapid liquid transfer and excellent anti-seepage performance are the mainstream of the current domestic abutment layer material market.

Usually, the single-layer hot air nonwoven material still has the disadvantages of poor flow conductivity, long penetration time, small diffusion range, and large reverse osmosis after repeated infiltration under long-term use, which is difficult to meet the needs of practical applications.

For example, the patent document with the application publication number CN106937902A discloses a high-permeability multi-layer guide layer material and a preparation method thereof. The combination of denier special-shaped section fibers and fine denier hydrophilic bicomponent fibers, as well as the combination of hydrophilic and water repellent bicomponent fibers in the bottom web, as well as the choice of hot air penetration heat reinforcement, and the ironing and heating of the pressing roller. The selection of the setting process parameters is used to prepare the diversion layer material. The method described in this patent is complex and has a large number of layers, which is difficult to implement in practice, and the permeability of the diversion layer may not be good.

Therefore, according to the capillary penetration design in the vertical direction of the diversion layer, the diversion layer material with good performance is developed to achieve the effect of quickly absorbing liquid, longitudinally diffusing liquid and temporarily storing liquid, and further improving the diversion performance of single-layer hot air nonwoven material. And anti-rewet performance is very critical and very necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite fiber with a skin-core structure, the fiber surface of which has a wrinkled structure similar to "large intestine", which is beneficial to improve the permeability and anti-returning properties of the non-woven fabric as a guide layer material. permeability.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A composite fiber with a sheath-core structure, which includes a skin layer of 30-40 tw% and a core layer of 70-60 tw%, the skin layer includes polyethylene fibers, the melting point of the polyethylene fibers is 120-130 ° C, and the core layer includes Shrinking polyester fibers, the melting point of the high shrinkage polyester fibers is 160-260°C.

Further, the dry heat shrinkage ratio of the polyethylene fiber at 130° C. is 1.0 to 4.0%.

Further, the dry heat shrinkage ratio of the high shrinkage polyester fiber at 180°C is 10 to 40%.

Further, the average fiber fineness of the skin-core structure composite fiber is 0.05-30D.

Further, the cortex further comprises 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, the 6,6',7 The amount of ,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 1-3wt% of the amount of polyethylene fiber.

Further, the core layer further includes 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, and the amount of the 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is The amount of high shrinkage polyester fiber is 1-2wt%.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-woven fabric, which has good permeability and anti-rewet properties as a guide layer material.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The non-woven fabric is made from the above-mentioned composite fibers of the skin-core structure through opening, mixing, carding, web laying, and hot air bonding.

Further, the weight of the fiber web after the skin-core structure composite fiber is laid is 20-40 g/m ² .

Further, the hot air bonding temperature is 85-135°C.

To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

First, the fiber surface of the skin-core composite fiber provided by the present invention has a wrinkle structure similar to the "large intestine", and the surface of the fiber has a wrinkle structure similar to the "large intestine". The effect of longitudinally diffusing liquid and temporarily storing liquid is very critical and necessary to improve the flow conductivity and anti-rewet performance of the hot air nonwoven material provided by the present invention.

Second, the skin layer material in the skin-core structure composite fiber provided by the present invention is due to 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthalene The addition of phenol has no obvious effect on the formation of the wrinkled structure on the fiber surface, but improves the rewet resistance of the nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention.

Third, the addition of 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol to the skin material in the skin-core composite fiber provided by the present invention has a significant impact on the formation of the fiber surface wrinkle structure, and The permeability of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention as the material of the guide layer is improved, and the amount of rewet is reduced.

Fourth, 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol in the skin layer material of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided by the present invention and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol in the core layer material can synergistically improve the wrinkle structure formed on the fiber surface of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention, and at the same time synergistically improve the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention. Penetration and rewet resistance of woven fabrics.

Description of drawings

1 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

2 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

3 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

4 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

5 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

6 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

7 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

8 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

9 is a photomicrograph of the skin-core structure composite fiber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a micrograph of the composite fiber with a sheath-core structure provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: 30tw% of the skin layer material and 70tw% of the core layer material were spun in a bi-component composite spinning machine, and then stretched in a flat drawing machine to obtain a fiber length of 38mm and an average of 38mm. The fiber fineness is 3D skin-core structure composite fiber.

The material of the skin layer is polyethylene fiber, the melting point of the polyethylene fiber is 130°C, and the dry heat shrinkage rate at 130°C is 2.0%.

The core layer material includes high-shrinkage polyester fiber, the high-shrinkage polyester fiber has a melting point of 160° C. and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 25% at 180° C.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: the composite fibers of the skin-core structure are opened, mixed, carded and laid to obtain a fiber web with a weight of 40 g/m2 ^; the fiber web first enters a hot air oven with a temperature of 135 ° C and stays for 4 minutes, Then it is output from the hot air channel, and the non-woven fabric is obtained after cooling.

Example 2

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: 30tw% of the skin layer material and 70tw% of the core layer material were spun in a bi-component composite spinning machine, and then stretched in a flat drawing machine to obtain a fiber length of 38mm and an average of 38mm. The fiber fineness is 3D skin-core structure composite fiber.

The skin layer material includes polyethylene fibers, the melting point of the polyethylene fibers is 120°C, and the dry heat shrinkage rate at 130°C is 2.5%.

The core layer material includes high-shrinkage polyester fiber, the high-shrinkage polyester fiber has a melting point of 160°C and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 20% at 180°C.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: the composite fibers of the skin-core structure are opened, mixed, carded, and laid out to obtain a fiber web with a weight of 30 g/m ² ; the fiber web first enters a hot air oven with a temperature of 125 ° C and stays for 3 minutes, Then it is output from the hot air channel, and the non-woven fabric is obtained after cooling.

Example 3

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: 40tw% of the skin layer material and 60tw% of the core layer material were spun in a bi-component composite spinning machine, and then stretched in a flat drawing machine to obtain a fiber length of 38mm and an average of 38mm. The fiber fineness is 3D skin-core structure composite fiber.

The skin layer material includes polyethylene fibers, the melting point of the polyethylene fibers is 130° C., and the dry heat shrinkage rate at 130° C. is 2.5%.

The core layer material includes high shrinkage polyester fiber, the high shrinkage polyester fiber has a melting point of 260° C. and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 25% at 180° C.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: The composite fibers of the skin-core structure are opened, mixed, carded and laid to obtain a fiber web with a weight of 20 g/m2 ^; the fiber web first enters a hot air oven with a temperature of 135 ° C and stays for 5 minutes, Then it is output from the hot air channel, and the non-woven fabric is obtained after cooling.

Example 4

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the skin layer material includes polyethylene fiber and 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1, The amount of 1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 2wt% of the amount of polyethylene fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 5

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the skin layer material includes polyethylene fiber and 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1, The amount of 1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 1wt% of the amount of polyethylene fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 6

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the skin layer material includes polyethylene fiber and 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1, The amount of 1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 3wt% of the amount of polyethylene fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 7

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the core layer material includes high shrinkage polyester fiber and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-linked- The amount of 2-naphthol and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 1.5wt% of the amount of the high shrinkage polyester fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 8

Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the core layer material includes high shrinkage polyester fiber and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6'dibromo-1,1' - The amount of bi-2-naphthol is 1 wt% of the amount of high shrinkage polyester fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 9

Preparation of skin-core structure composite fiber: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the core layer material includes high shrinkage polyester fiber and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6 The amount of 'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 2wt% of the amount of high shrinkage polyester fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Example 10

Preparation of skin-core composite fiber: compared with Example 1, the difference is the skin material and core material, the skin material includes polyethylene fiber and 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8 '-Octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol were used in the amount of poly 2wt% of vinyl fiber content; core material includes high shrinkage polyester fiber and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi- The amount of 2-naphthol was 1.5 wt% of the amount of high shrinkage polyester fiber.

Preparation of non-woven fabric: same as Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

Commercially available common ES hot air guide layer non-woven fabric.

Using a Leica MZ16 stereo microscope (commercially available from Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany), photomicrographs were taken of the nonwovens provided in Examples 1-10, as shown in Fig. 1-10.

It can be seen from Figures 1-10 that the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention forms a wrinkle structure similar to "large intestine" on the fiber surface, and the non-woven fabric provided in Example 10 forms the most wrinkle structure on the fiber surface and is evenly distributed. However, in Comparative Example 1, the commercially available ordinary ES hot air guide layer non-woven fabric has no wrinkle structure formed on the fiber surface.

By comparing Figures 1-6, it can be seen that the wrinkle structures formed on the fiber surface of the non-woven fabrics provided in Examples 1-6 are not much different, indicating that the skin-core structure composite fibers of the non-woven fabrics made in Examples 4-6 The addition of 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol had no obvious effect on the formation of the corrugated structure.

By comparing Fig. 1 and Fig. 7-9, it can be seen that the wrinkle structure formed on the fiber surface of the non-woven fabric provided by Example 7-9 is obviously better than that of Example 1, which shows that the skin of the non-woven fabric produced by Example 7-9 is better than that of Example 1. The addition of 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol to the skin material in the core-structured composite fiber has a significant effect on the formation of pleated structure.

By comparing Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 7 and Fig. 10, it can be seen that Example 10 is better than Example 7, and Example 7 is better than Example 4 and Example 1, which shows that the 5,5', 6,6',7,7',8,8'-Octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol and 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2- Naphthol can synergistically enhance the wrinkled structure formed on the fiber surface of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention.

According to the relevant provisions of GB/T28004-2011 "diapers (sheets, pads)", the permeability and reverse osmosis of the non-woven fabrics provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Example 1 were determined. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Measurement items Penetration time Rewet amount Example 1 0.63 seconds 0.0828g Example 2 0.75 seconds 0.0981 grams Example 3 0.55 seconds 0.1085 grams Example 4 0.57 seconds 0.7521 grams Example 5 0.67 seconds 0.7925 grams Example 6 0.62 seconds 0.7451 grams Example 7 0.54 seconds 0.6571 grams Example 8 0.60 seconds 0.7016 grams Example 9 0.58 seconds 0.6795 grams Example 10 0.50 seconds 0.5417 grams Comparative Example 1 1.0 seconds 0.1123 grams

As can be seen from Table 1, the nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention not only has good permeability and anti-rewet.

By comparing the measured data of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the permeation properties and anti-rewet properties of the non-woven fabrics provided by Examples 1-3 are better than those provided by the non-woven fabrics provided by Comparative Example 1. Since the fiber surface of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention has a wrinkled structure similar to the "large intestine", as the capillary penetration design in the vertical direction of the diversion layer, the effects of quickly absorbing liquid, longitudinally diffusing liquid and temporarily storing liquid are achieved, which is to improve the present invention. It is very critical and necessary to provide the flow conductivity and anti-rewet performance of the hot air nonwoven material.

By comparing the measured data of Example 1 and Examples 4-6, it can be seen that in terms of permeability, there is no obvious difference between the non-woven fabric provided by Example 4-6 and the non-woven fabric provided by Example 1; In terms of permeability, the non-woven fabrics provided by Examples 4-6 are significantly better than the non-woven fabric provided by Example 1. This is due to the addition of 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1 to the skin material in the sheath-core composite fiber of the nonwoven fabric made in Example 4-6 '-Bi-2-naphthol, 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol can improve the non- Rewet resistance of woven fabrics.

By comparing the measurement data of Example 1 and Examples 7-9, it can be seen that the nonwoven fabrics provided in Examples 7-9 have better permeation properties and anti-rewet properties than the nonwoven fabrics provided in Example 1. This is due to the addition of 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, 6,6'dibromo- 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol can improve the permeability of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention as the material of the guide layer, and reduce the amount of rewet.

By comparing the measurement data of Example 1, Example 4, Example 7 and Example 10, it can be seen that although for Example 4, the 5, 5', 6, 6', 7, 7', 8 The addition of ,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol only improves the rewet resistance of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention. For example, in Example 7, 6, The addition of 6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol resulted in a double improvement in the permeation performance and rewet resistance of the nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention, but the permeation performance and The rewet resistance is better than that of the non-woven fabrics provided in Examples 4 and 7. But for Example 10, 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol in the skin material and in the core material The combination of 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol further improves the permeability and rewet resistance of the nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention. Therefore, 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol in the skin material and 6,6'dibromo in the core material -1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol can synergistically improve the permeation performance and rewet resistance of the nonwoven fabric provided by the present invention.

Through research, it is found that the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention can also be used in air filter materials. Due to the existence of wrinkles, the specific surface area and porosity of the fluffy pore structure are increased, the pore distribution is more uniform, and the pore size of the fluffy pore structure is reduced. ; thereby improving the dispersion, interception, sieving, trapping and other effects of the non-woven fabric on the suspended particles in the carrier. Therefore, the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention has good filtering efficiency and filtering effect, can effectively block particle pollution and gaseous pollution, and is widely used in normal temperature filtering environment.

It should be understood that the preparation methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention, and simple improvements to the preparation methods of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention .

Claims (9)

1. The composite fiber of skin-core structure is characterized in that it comprises a skin layer of 30-40tw% and a core layer of 70-60tw%, the skin layer is prepared from a skin layer material comprising polyethylene fibers, and the polyethylene fibers are The melting point is 120-130° C., and the core layer is prepared from a core layer material including high-shrinkage polyester fibers, and the melting point of the high-shrinkage polyester fibers is 160-260° C. 2 . The sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the dry heat shrinkage ratio of the polyethylene fiber at 130° C. is 1.0 to 4.0%. 3 . 3 . The sheath-core composite fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the dry heat shrinkage of the high-shrinkage polyester fiber at 180° C. is 10-40%. 4 . 4 . The sheath-core structure composite fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the average fiber fineness of the sheath-core structure composite fiber is 0.05-30D. 5 . 5. The skin-core structure composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the skin layer material further comprises 5,5',6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1, 1'-bi-2-naphthol, the amount of the 6,6',7,7',8,8'-octahydro-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 1 of the amount of polyethylene fiber. -3wt%. 6 . The skin-core structure composite fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the core layer material further comprises 6,6'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, the 6,6'-dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol. 7 . The amount of 'dibromo-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol is 1-2wt% of the amount of high shrinkage polyester fiber. 7 . The non-woven fabric is characterized in that, it is made from the composite fiber of the sheath-core structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 through opening, mixing, carding, web laying, and hot air bonding. 8 . The nonwoven fabric according to claim 7 , wherein the fiber web weight of the sheath-core structure composite fiber after being laid is 20-40 g/m ² . 9 . The nonwoven fabric according to claim 7 , wherein the hot air bonding temperature is 85-135° C. 10 .

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