CN111517749A - Production process of ceramic product - Google Patents
Production process of ceramic product Download PDFInfo
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- CN111517749A CN111517749A CN202010353451.9A CN202010353451A CN111517749A CN 111517749 A CN111517749 A CN 111517749A CN 202010353451 A CN202010353451 A CN 202010353451A CN 111517749 A CN111517749 A CN 111517749A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of a ceramic product, which relates to the technical field of ceramic production and comprises the following steps: blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method; adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fiber, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fiber, mullite refractory fiber and alumina aggregate raw materials. The invention has beautiful appearance, simple operation, effectively improved ceramic production efficiency, energy conservation and emission reduction and high economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a production process of a ceramic product.
Background
The pottery is a general name of pottery, stoneware and porcelain, and ware made of two kinds of clay with different properties, namely pottery clay and porcelain clay, through the process flows of material mixing, forming, drying, roasting and the like can be called as the pottery. However, with the continuous development of modern society, some porcelain with more beautiful appearance is more called as ceramic, and the ceramic is more called as porcelain, and most of the modern ceramics refer to various products made of materials which are prepared by crushing, mixing, molding and calcining natural clay and various natural minerals serving as main raw materials. With the continuous progress of society, science and technology are continuously developed, the production industry of ceramics is also advanced, various ceramics are produced and used for various parts in daily life of people, namely factory accessories and household porcelain cups, ceramic products are used, and the ceramic products greatly enrich the lives of people. The production process of the ceramic products is basically the same, the steps of proportioning, forming, drying and roasting are carried out in sequence, glazing, water replenishing and the like are supplemented in the middle, various ceramic products can be produced, and the ceramic products with larger volumes can be slightly changed during production, but are different in size integrally.
However, the current ceramic products have some disadvantages in production, such as low production efficiency, and each step of ceramic product production, such as bisque firing, baking, etc., needs a very long time, and then needs a long time for cooling; the quality of the product is relatively common, and most ceramic products have no faint scent, even have slight odor and have no air purification effect; the fireproof performance is poor, the viscosity of the argil can be reduced due to the fusion addition of various materials, the cracking can occur in the kiln burning process, and the existing production process still has an improvement space.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a process for producing a ceramic product to solve the above problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a production process of a ceramic product comprises the following steps:
blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method;
adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fibers, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fibers, mullite refractory fibers and alumina aggregate raw materials;
and (4) blank benefiting: placing the drawn blank on a blank-utilizing vehicle, then sitting on the vehicle, and using a special tool to make the surface of the object smooth, consistent and consistent in shape, so that the mud blank shows bright white color, which is an important process in ceramic molding and finally determines the shape of the object;
water replenishing: spraying water mist to the position near the blank after blank trimming, so as to supplement water to the blank for the first time;
biscuit firing: placing the blank subjected to the primary water replenishing into a biscuit firing furnace to be fired for 5-6 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a biscuit;
secondary water replenishing: secondary water replenishing is carried out on the biscuit fired blank, so that the blank is prevented from being dried and cracked;
internal glazing: a layer of ceramic glaze is coated on the inner surface of the blank after biscuiting, so that the protection and decoration effects are achieved;
drawing: drawing a required pattern on the outer surface of the blank;
coating an outer glaze: immersing the outer surface of the blank into ceramic glaze to finish glazing the outer surface, and forming a pattern by adopting a rotary screen printing method to obtain a fancy glaze layer;
and (3) glaze opening: taking out the blank after the inner glaze and the outer glaze are dried and molded;
ash sweeping: removing powdery particles on the surface of the glazed blank, so that the surface of the blank is more attractive;
filling the kiln: the blank after ash sweeping is arranged in a sagger and then is put into a kiln, a roof plate in the kiln is supported by pillars, the blank is placed on the roof plate, and aluminum oxide powder is placed between the roof plate and the blank, so that the product quality can be effectively improved;
and (3) kiln burning: the blank was fired for a kiln time course of 24 hours.
Preferably, in the step of adding the refractory material, the aluminum silicate refractory fiber is fused at a high temperature of 1800-2000 ℃ by taking clay clinker (flint clay) with low impurity content as a raw material; the high-purity alumina silicate refractory fiber adopts industrial alumina and high-purity silica sand or quartz sand as raw materials.
Preferably, in the step of adding a refractory, the alumina aggregate, the high alumina cement and the fine powder are mixed in a certain ratio, and the mixture is mixed to produce a refractory concrete with very high strength.
Preferably, the raw materials in the step of drawing the blank are as follows: 20-40 parts of petalite, 30-40 parts of porcelain tile sand, 2-8 parts of cordierite, 45-55 parts of clay and 2-8 parts of a crystal nucleus agent.
Preferably, the nucleating agent is ZrO2 or zinc oxide.
Preferably, before the blank drawing, aged pug in the pug room is taken out and refined.
Preferably, in the bisque firing step, the temperature of the bisque firing furnace is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, and the moisture of the blank is controlled at 1-3%.
Preferably, the ceramic glaze in the overglaze step is glaze liquid with a concentration of 52 baume degrees.
Preferably, in the kiln burning step, the temperature in the kiln is 1200-1400 ℃.
Preferably, in the secondary water replenishing step, the water used is a mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution, and the component ratio of the distilled water to the red pine cone extracting solution is 10: 1.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
(1) the ceramic water replenishing device is attractive in appearance and simple to operate, blanks are effectively prevented from being dried and cracked through secondary water replenishing, cooling can be accelerated, the ceramic production efficiency and the quality of ceramic products are effectively improved, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the economic value is high;
(2) the mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution added into the secondary water replenishing can enable the finished product to have certain faint scent, and scientific experiments show that the red pine cone has certain air purification effect, can purify some polluted gases generated by the ceramic, and improves the health of the ceramic product.
(3) Through on the basis of adding at conventional raw materials, carry out the addition of refractory materials such as aluminium silicate refractory fiber, high-purity aluminium silicate refractory fiber, mullite refractory fiber, increased porcelainous fire resistance, through setting up alumina aggregate cooperation and fusing the gel, on having increased the basis that the osseous nature supported and the refractoriness, be convenient for fuse, increase the stickness, avoid appearing chap and breakable condition, convenient to popularize and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for producing a ceramic product according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A production process of a ceramic product comprises the following steps:
blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method;
adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fibers, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fibers, mullite refractory fibers and alumina aggregate raw materials;
and (4) blank benefiting: placing the drawn blank on a blank-utilizing vehicle, then sitting on the vehicle, and using a special tool to make the surface of the object smooth, consistent and consistent in shape, so that the mud blank shows bright white color, which is an important process in ceramic molding and finally determines the shape of the object;
water replenishing: spraying water mist to the position near the blank after blank trimming, so as to supplement water to the blank for the first time;
biscuit firing: placing the blank subjected to the primary water replenishing into a biscuit firing furnace to be fired for 5-6 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a biscuit;
secondary water replenishing: secondary water replenishing is carried out on the biscuit fired blank, so that the blank is prevented from being dried and cracked;
internal glazing: a layer of ceramic glaze is coated on the inner surface of the blank after biscuiting, so that the protection and decoration effects are achieved;
drawing: drawing a required pattern on the outer surface of the blank;
coating an outer glaze: immersing the outer surface of the blank into ceramic glaze to finish glazing the outer surface, and forming a pattern by adopting a rotary screen printing method to obtain a fancy glaze layer;
and (3) glaze opening: taking out the blank after the inner glaze and the outer glaze are dried and molded;
ash sweeping: removing powdery particles on the surface of the glazed blank, so that the surface of the blank is more attractive;
filling the kiln: the blank after ash sweeping is arranged in a sagger and then is put into a kiln, a roof plate in the kiln is supported by pillars, the blank is placed on the roof plate, and aluminum oxide powder is placed between the roof plate and the blank, so that the product quality can be effectively improved;
and (3) kiln burning: the blank was fired for a kiln time course of 24 hours.
In the step of adding the refractory material, clay clinker (flint clay) with low impurity content is used as a raw material for the aluminum silicate refractory fiber, and the raw material is melted at the high temperature of 1800-2000 ℃; the high-purity alumina silicate refractory fiber adopts industrial alumina and high-purity silica sand or quartz sand as raw materials.
In the step of adding the refractory material, the bauxite aggregate, the high-alumina cement and the fine powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the refractory concrete with very high strength is generated after mixing.
Wherein, the raw materials in the step of drawing the blank are as follows: 20 parts of petalite, 30 parts of porcelain tile sand, 2 parts of cordierite, 45 parts of clay and 2 parts of a crystal nucleating agent, wherein the crystal nucleating agent is ZrO2 or zinc oxide, before blank drawing, aged pug in a pug room is taken out and refined, in the biscuit firing step, the temperature of a biscuit firing furnace is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, the moisture of a blank is controlled at 1-3%, the ceramic glaze in the glazing step is glaze liquid with the concentration of 52 Baume ℃, the temperature in the kiln is 1200-1400 ℃ in the kiln burning step, in the secondary water replenishing step, the used water is a mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution, the component ratio of the distilled water to the red pine cone extracting solution is 10:1, the raw material components are less in use in the embodiment, and the finally formed ceramic product is smaller in volume, so that the duration of each step is shorter, and the method is suitable for production of small-size products.
The ceramic water replenishing device is attractive in appearance and simple to operate, blanks are effectively prevented from being dried and cracked through secondary water replenishing, cooling can be accelerated, the ceramic production efficiency and the quality of ceramic products are effectively improved, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the economic value is high;
the mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution added into the secondary water replenishing can enable the finished product to have certain faint scent, and scientific experiments show that the red pine cone has certain air purification effect, can purify some polluted gases generated by the ceramic, and improves the health of the ceramic product.
Through on the basis of adding at conventional raw materials, carry out the addition of refractory materials such as aluminium silicate refractory fiber, high-purity aluminium silicate refractory fiber, mullite refractory fiber, increased porcelainous fire resistance, through setting up alumina aggregate cooperation and fusing the gel, on having increased the basis that the osseous nature supported and the refractoriness, be convenient for fuse, increase the stickness, avoid appearing chap and breakable condition, convenient to popularize and use.
Example 2
A production process of a ceramic product comprises the following steps:
blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method;
adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fibers, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fibers, mullite refractory fibers and alumina aggregate raw materials;
and (4) blank benefiting: placing the drawn blank on a blank-utilizing vehicle, then sitting on the vehicle, and using a special tool to make the surface of the object smooth, consistent and consistent in shape, so that the mud blank shows bright white color, which is an important process in ceramic molding and finally determines the shape of the object;
water replenishing: spraying water mist to the position near the blank after blank trimming, so as to supplement water to the blank for the first time;
biscuit firing: placing the blank subjected to the primary water replenishing into a biscuit firing furnace to be fired for 5-6 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a biscuit;
secondary water replenishing: secondary water replenishing is carried out on the biscuit fired blank, so that the blank is prevented from being dried and cracked;
internal glazing: a layer of ceramic glaze is coated on the inner surface of the blank after biscuiting, so that the protection and decoration effects are achieved;
drawing: drawing a required pattern on the outer surface of the blank;
coating an outer glaze: immersing the outer surface of the blank into ceramic glaze to finish glazing the outer surface, and forming a pattern by adopting a rotary screen printing method to obtain a fancy glaze layer;
and (3) glaze opening: taking out the blank after the inner glaze and the outer glaze are dried and molded;
ash sweeping: removing powdery particles on the surface of the glazed blank, so that the surface of the blank is more attractive;
filling the kiln: the blank after ash sweeping is arranged in a sagger and then is put into a kiln, a roof plate in the kiln is supported by pillars, the blank is placed on the roof plate, and aluminum oxide powder is placed between the roof plate and the blank, so that the product quality can be effectively improved;
and (3) kiln burning: the blank was fired for a kiln time course of 24 hours.
Wherein, the raw materials in the step of drawing the blank are as follows: 40 parts of petalite, 40 parts of porcelain tile sand, 8 parts of cordierite, 55 parts of clay and 8 parts of a crystal nucleating agent, wherein the crystal nucleating agent is ZrO2 or zinc oxide, before blank drawing, aged pug in a pug room is taken out and refined, in the biscuit firing step, the temperature of a biscuit firing furnace is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, the moisture of a blank is controlled at 1-3%, the ceramic glaze in the glazing step is glaze liquid with the concentration of 52 Baume ℃, the temperature in the kiln is 1200-1400 ℃ in the kiln burning step, in the secondary water replenishing step, the used water is a mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution, the component ratio of the distilled water to the red pine cone extracting solution is 10:1, more raw material components are used in the embodiment, and the finally-formed ceramic product is larger in volume, so that the duration of each step is prolonged, and the method is suitable for production of large-size products.
Example 3
A production process of a ceramic product comprises the following steps:
blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method;
adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fibers, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fibers, mullite refractory fibers and alumina aggregate raw materials;
and (4) blank benefiting: placing the drawn blank on a blank-utilizing vehicle, then sitting on the vehicle, and using a special tool to make the surface of the object smooth, consistent and consistent in shape, so that the mud blank shows bright white color, which is an important process in ceramic molding and finally determines the shape of the object;
water replenishing: spraying water mist to the position near the blank after blank trimming, so as to supplement water to the blank for the first time;
biscuit firing: placing the blank subjected to the primary water replenishing into a biscuit firing furnace to be fired for 5-6 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a biscuit;
secondary water replenishing: secondary water replenishing is carried out on the biscuit fired blank, so that the blank is prevented from being dried and cracked;
internal glazing: a layer of ceramic glaze is coated on the inner surface of the blank after biscuiting, so that the protection and decoration effects are achieved;
drawing: drawing a required pattern on the outer surface of the blank;
coating an outer glaze: immersing the outer surface of the blank into ceramic glaze to finish glazing the outer surface, and forming a pattern by adopting a rotary screen printing method to obtain a fancy glaze layer;
and (3) glaze opening: taking out the blank after the inner glaze and the outer glaze are dried and molded;
ash sweeping: removing powdery particles on the surface of the glazed blank, so that the surface of the blank is more attractive;
filling the kiln: the blank after ash sweeping is arranged in a sagger and then is put into a kiln, a roof plate in the kiln is supported by pillars, the blank is placed on the roof plate, and aluminum oxide powder is placed between the roof plate and the blank, so that the product quality can be effectively improved;
and (3) kiln burning: the blank was fired for a kiln time course of 24 hours.
Wherein, the raw materials in the step of drawing the blank are as follows: 30 parts of petalite, 35 parts of porcelain tile sand, 5 parts of cordierite, 50 parts of clay and 5 parts of a crystal nucleating agent, wherein the crystal nucleating agent is ZrO2 or zinc oxide, before blank drawing, aged pug in a pug room is taken out and refined, in the biscuit firing step, the temperature of a biscuit firing furnace is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, the moisture of a blank is controlled at 1-3%, the ceramic glaze in the glazing step is glaze liquid with the concentration of 52 Baume ℃, the temperature in the kiln is 1200-1400 ℃ in the kiln burning step, in the secondary water replenishing step, the used water is a mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution, the component ratio of the distilled water to the red pine cone extracting solution is 10:1, the using amount of each raw material component is moderate, and the volume of a finally formed ceramic product is moderate, so that the duration of each step is moderate, and the method is suitable for production of medium-sized products.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A production process of a ceramic product is characterized by comprising the following steps:
blank drawing: grinding the raw materials into powder by a grinding machine, adding water, stirring and mixing uniformly by a stirring barrel to form slurry, then roughly screening to remove coarse particle impurities, further filtering the slurry subjected to rough screening by a mud press, pressing the slurry to remove excessive moisture to form viscous slurry, repeatedly pugging the viscous slurry by a mud mill to form cylindrical mud, covering the cylindrical mud with a preservative film for 6-8 days to obtain mud blanks, then placing the prepared mud on a blank vehicle, and preparing blanks with a certain shape and size by a wheel forming method;
adding a refractory material: adding aluminum silicate refractory fibers, high-purity aluminum silicate refractory fibers, mullite refractory fibers and alumina aggregate raw materials;
and (4) blank benefiting: placing the drawn blank on a blank-utilizing vehicle, then sitting on the vehicle, and using a special tool to make the surface of the object smooth, consistent and consistent in shape, so that the mud blank shows bright white color, which is an important process in ceramic molding and finally determines the shape of the object;
water replenishing: spraying water mist to the position near the blank after blank trimming, so as to supplement water to the blank for the first time;
biscuit firing: placing the blank subjected to the primary water replenishing into a biscuit firing furnace to be fired for 5-6 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain a biscuit;
secondary water replenishing: secondary water replenishing is carried out on the biscuit fired blank, so that the blank is prevented from being dried and cracked;
internal glazing: a layer of ceramic glaze is coated on the inner surface of the blank after biscuiting, so that the protection and decoration effects are achieved;
drawing: drawing a required pattern on the outer surface of the blank;
coating an outer glaze: immersing the outer surface of the blank into ceramic glaze to finish glazing the outer surface, and forming a pattern by adopting a rotary screen printing method to obtain a fancy glaze layer;
and (3) glaze opening: taking out the blank after the inner glaze and the outer glaze are dried and molded;
ash sweeping: removing powdery particles on the surface of the glazed blank, so that the surface of the blank is more attractive;
filling the kiln: the blank after ash sweeping is arranged in a sagger and then is put into a kiln, a roof plate in the kiln is supported by pillars, the blank is placed on the roof plate, and aluminum oxide powder is placed between the roof plate and the blank, so that the product quality can be effectively improved;
and (3) kiln burning: the blank was fired for a kiln time course of 24 hours.
2. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of adding the refractory material, the aluminum silicate refractory fiber is fused at the high temperature of 1800-2000 ℃ by taking clay clinker (flint clay) with low impurity content as a raw material; the high-purity alumina silicate refractory fiber adopts industrial alumina and high-purity silica sand or quartz sand as raw materials.
3. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of adding the refractory material, the bauxite aggregate, the high-alumina cement and the fine powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the refractory concrete is generated after mixing.
4. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blank drawing step comprises the following raw materials: 20-40 parts of petalite, 30-40 parts of porcelain tile sand, 2-8 parts of cordierite, 45-55 parts of clay and 2-8 parts of a crystal nucleus agent.
5. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 2, characterized in that: the nucleating agent is ZrO2 or zinc oxide.
6. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: before blank drawing, aged pug in a pug room is taken out and treaded.
7. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the biscuit firing step, the temperature of the biscuit firing furnace is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, and the moisture of the blank is controlled at 1-3%.
8. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ceramic glaze in the glazing step is glaze liquid with the concentration of 52 Baume degrees.
9. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the kiln burning step, the temperature in the kiln is 1200-1400 ℃.
10. A process for the production of a ceramic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the secondary water supplementing step, the used water is a mixture of distilled water and the red pine cone extracting solution, and the component ratio of the distilled water to the red pine cone extracting solution is 10: 1.
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Application publication date: 20200811 |