CN111485178B - Bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111485178B CN111485178B CN202010484955.4A CN202010484955A CN111485178B CN 111485178 B CN111485178 B CN 111485178B CN 202010484955 A CN202010484955 A CN 202010484955A CN 111485178 B CN111485178 B CN 111485178B
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- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/607—Molten salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of engine cylinder liners, and particularly relates to a bainite cast steel cylinder liner and a preparation method thereof. The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6-0.9% of carbon, 2.6-3.0% of silicon, 0.8-1.0% of manganese, 0.45-0.65% of molybdenum, less than or equal to 0.04% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.04% of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.09% of aluminum, and the balance of iron. The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve is used for the first time in the field of cylinder sleeves, the higher silicon content can ensure that carbide does not appear in the bainite transformation process, the control of the molybdenum content can improve the hardenability and change the displacement of a C curve, and compared with the existing cylinder sleeve, the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve has the advantages of high tensile strength and high elastic modulus, and is suitable for large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of engine cylinder liners, and particularly relates to a bainite cast steel cylinder liner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cylinder sleeve is used as an important part of an engine and is widely applied in mechanical engineering and transportation, and the service performance of the cylinder sleeve directly influences the service life of the engine. Because the cylinder sleeve needs to bear the scouring and corrosion of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and the alternating load action of the piston assembly in the working environment, the cylinder sleeve is required to have high strength and hardness and also needs good performances such as wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. The existing cylinder liner is mainly made of cast iron, although the hardness of the cylinder liner can reach HB270-330 (corresponding to HRC of 27-36, see the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 1157490C), the cylinder liner has better wear resistance, but the plasticity and toughness of the cast iron cylinder liner are poor, the cast iron cylinder liner is easy to break destructively in the using process to cause major accidents, and the strength of the cast iron cylinder liner is low (only about 300-400 MPa), so that the cylinder liner cannot meet the use requirements of the high-speed heavy-load engine which is developed increasingly at present.
Compared with cast iron, the cast steel cylinder sleeve has higher overall structural strength, so that the mechanical size required by the product can be correspondingly reduced, the weight of the product is greatly reduced, and the requirement of light weight of the current engine is met. The cast steel cylinder sleeve has good plasticity and toughness, so that destructive accidents such as fracture and the like can be avoided, and the safety of the product is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the cast steel cylinder sleeve has excellent welding performance which is not possessed by cast iron, and can be combined by cast welding to produce a product with a more complex structure.
The chinese patent application with application publication No. CN1760525A discloses a composite cylinder liner and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the inner layer is a cast iron layer, and the outer layer is a cast steel layer, and the produced cylinder liner has excellent mechanical properties, but the manufacturing process is complex, and is not beneficial to large-scale mass production. The Chinese patent application with the application publication number of CN105756796A discloses a combined wet cylinder sleeve for a heavy truck engine, wherein a cylinder sleeve main body comprises a cast iron cylinder sleeve and a steel ring, the cast iron cylinder sleeve is used as a base body, the steel ring is inlaid on the outer surface of the cast iron cylinder sleeve, the strength of the cylinder sleeve is enhanced mainly by utilizing the improvement of the cylinder sleeve structure, and the problems of low strength and poor plasticity and toughness of the cast iron cylinder sleeve can not be avoided. The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN1157490C discloses a molybdenum-nickel bainite alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve, wherein the alloy cast iron contains 2-3% of noble elements of molybdenum and nickel, and the minimum tensile strength is 379MPa, so that even more noble elements are added, the strength of the alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve is still unsatisfactory.
At present, researches on cast steel cylinder sleeves are few, related data are relatively short, the strength and toughness of the existing cylinder sleeve with a part of structure made of cast steel need to be improved, and a processing technology is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve to improve the properties of the existing cylinder sleeve, such as strength, toughness, hardness and the like.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a bainite cast steel cylinder liner, which can improve the strength, toughness and hardness of the cast steel cylinder liner obtained by the conventional manufacturing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
a bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6-0.9% of carbon, 2.6-3.0% of silicon, 0.8-1.0% of manganese, 0.45-0.65% of molybdenum, less than or equal to 0.04% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.04% of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.09% of aluminum, and the balance of iron.
The bainite cast steel has complex process and high cost, and is difficult to obtain a stable complete bainite structure, and the cylinder sleeve is used as a core component of an engine and is required to have high dimensional precision and structural stability, so the application of the bainite cast steel in the field of cylinder sleeves has certain technical difficulty. The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve is used for the first time in the field of cylinder sleeves, wherein a certain amount of carbon ensures the strength, hardness and hardenability of steel; manganese can postpone the transformation of hypoeutectoid ferrite under certain conditions, reduce the critical cooling speed of bainite, improve the capacity of forming bainite, simultaneously reduce the Bs point (the temperature point at which the bainite begins to transform), and improve the strength of a ferrite matrix, thereby ensuring excellent obdurability matching; silicon strongly inhibits the precipitation of carbide in the bainite transformation process, replaces brittle carbide with a tough phase austenite film, relieves stress concentration at the tip of a crack, passivates the crack, obviously improves the toughness and the wear resistance, and can also improve the fluidity of cast steel and improve the casting performance; the hardenability can be obviously improved by the matching of silicon and manganese, so that the purpose of self-hardening in an as-cast state is achieved; molybdenum can shift the C curve to the right, thereby improving the hardenability and improving the bainite obtaining capability of cast steel by air cooling; meanwhile, the contents of phosphorus, sulfur and aluminum are strictly controlled, and the adverse effect on the steel casting is reduced. The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve of the invention has a matrix structure of lower bainite and contains a small amount of residual austenite and partial granular carbide.
The specific technical scheme of the preparation method of the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the raw materials to form molten steel;
(2) centrifugally casting the molten steel obtained in the step (1) to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) austenitizing and then bainitizing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2).
Compared with the existing cylinder liner, the cast steel cylinder liner with the lower bainite structure prepared by the invention has high tensile strength and high elastic modulus, and is suitable for large-scale production and application.
For the selection of the rotating speed of centrifugal casting, the excessively low rotating speed can cause poor molten steel mold filling during vertical centrifugal casting, the molten steel rain phenomenon occurs during horizontal centrifugal casting, and the defects of looseness, slag inclusion, uneven inner surface of a casting and the like also occur in the casting; the rotating speed is too high, the defects of cracks, segregation and the like are easy to appear on castings, the outer surface of a sand mold centrifugal casting can form the defects of expansion boxes and the like, the machine can also have large vibration, aggravation of abrasion and overlarge power consumption, and preferably, the rotating speed of centrifugal casting is 1150-1250 r/min.
Furthermore, in order to accelerate cooling and shorten solidification time, water is swashed for 20-30 s after centrifugal casting, the water pressure of the water is 0.6-0.9 MPa, and the water swashing time is 20-25 s.
Preferably, before casting, spraying wet coating on a casting mold for 3 times, wherein the amount of the single coating is 300-350 g, the spraying pressure is 0.12-0.2 MPa, the spraying rotating speed is 600-700 r/min, the thickness of the coating is 0.35-0.7 mm, and the temperature of the spraying mold is 200-300 ℃. The composition of the wet coating is as follows: 16-22% of long-white diatomite, 6-8% of sodium bentonite, 70-75% of water and 1-3% of phenolic resin.
In order to form a complete bainite structure, the austenitizing temperature is 900-950 ℃.
It is understood that the transformation from austenite to bainite can be isothermally formed within a certain temperature range, or can be continuously cooled and transformed within a certain cooling speed range, and preferably, the bainite transformation is austempered at 340-360 ℃.
In order to make the temperature of the temperature quenching uniform, the isothermal quenching adopts a nitrate salt bath mode.
Further, the isothermal quenching time is 3-3.5 hours.
For the process of smelting raw materials to form molten steel, 0.1 to 0.12 percent of pure aluminum is added for deoxidation before the molten steel is discharged from a furnace.
Preferably, the tapping temperature of the molten steel is more than 1600 ℃, and the temperature of a pouring fire ladle is 1500-1550 ℃.
In order to eliminate the internal stress of the cast steel cylinder sleeve and ensure the stability of the technological dimension of the product in the production and use processes, the preparation method further comprises a tempering step after bainitization, wherein the tempering temperature is 360-380 ℃.
A bainite structure is obtained through isothermal quenching treatment, then stress is eliminated through tempering treatment, so that the material shows high strength and high wear resistance, pearlite ductile iron, Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) and medium carbon steel are applied to a cylinder sleeve material, and after high-frequency quenching, bainite cast steel is used as the cylinder sleeve material for the first time, the HRC hardness of the prepared cylinder sleeve is more than 38, the tensile strength Rm is more than 1200MPa, and the elastic modulus E is more than 180 GPa.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 500 × gold phase diagram of the cylinder liner of embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 2 is a 500 x gold phase diagram of the cylinder liner of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a 500 × gold phase diagram of the cylinder liner of embodiment 3 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The application of the method of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples. It should be noted that the examples given in this specification are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention, and they are not intended to be limiting, i.e., the present invention may be embodied in other forms than those shown in the specification. Therefore, any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First, the concrete embodiment of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner of the invention
Example 1
The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.65% of carbon, 2.66% of silicon, 0.85% of manganese, 0.52% of molybdenum, 0.034% of phosphorus, 0.024% of sulfur, 0.07% of aluminum and the balance of iron.
Example 2
The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.75% of carbon, 2.83% of silicon, 0.94% of manganese, 0.54% of molybdenum, 0.026% of phosphorus, 0.031% of sulfur, 0.08% of aluminum and the balance of iron.
Example 3
The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.83% of carbon, 2.64% of silicon, 0.95% of manganese, 0.62% of molybdenum, 0.037% of phosphorus, 0.025% of sulfur, 0.06% of aluminum and the balance of iron.
Second, the concrete embodiment of the method for manufacturing the bainite cast steel cylinder liner of the present invention
Example 4
The preparation method of this embodiment, which describes the preparation of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in embodiment 1, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) taking pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferromolybdenum according to the formula, carrying out molten steel smelting in a coreless medium-frequency induction electric furnace according to a conventional smelting method, adding 0.1% pure aluminum for deoxidation before molten steel is taken out of the furnace, wherein the tapping temperature of the molten steel is 1680 ℃, and the temperature of a pouring fire ladle is 1520 ℃;
(2) adopting a centrifugal casting process to carry out casting, wherein the centrifugal rotating speed of the centrifugal casting is 1200 r/min; before casting, spraying wet paint on a casting mould for 3 times, wherein the single-time paint amount is 300g, the spraying pressure is 0.15MPa, the spraying rotating speed is 650r/min, the paint thickness is 0.5mm, and the temperature of the spraying mould is 250 ℃, wherein the wet paint consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of long white diatomite, 7% of sodium bentonite, 70% of water and 3% of phenolic resin;
(3) after centrifugal casting, after waiting for 30s, carrying out water shock, wherein the water shock water pressure is 0.7MPa, the water shock water is cooled for 20s, after cooling the blank to 800 ℃, taking out the blank from the cylinder, carrying out air cooling to room temperature, and then roughly processing the blank to obtain a semi-finished cylinder sleeve;
(4) and (3) preserving the temperature of 910 ℃ for 1h for full austenitizing the semi-finished cylinder sleeve, quenching the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a nitrate bath at 350 ℃ for isothermal quenching for 3h, then putting the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a pit tempering furnace, preserving the temperature for 2h at 370 ℃, discharging the semi-finished cylinder sleeve, and finishing to obtain the finished cylinder sleeve.
Example 5
The preparation method of this embodiment, which describes the preparation of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in embodiment 2, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) taking pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferromolybdenum according to the formula, carrying out molten steel smelting in a coreless intermediate frequency induction electric furnace according to a conventional smelting method, adding 0.11% pure aluminum for deoxidation before tapping of the molten steel, wherein the tapping temperature of the molten steel is 1700 ℃, and the temperature of a pouring fire ladle is 1550 ℃;
(2) casting by adopting a centrifugal casting process, wherein the centrifugal rotating speed of the centrifugal casting is 1250 r/min; before casting, spraying wet paint for 3 times on a casting mould, wherein the single-time paint amount is 350g, the spraying pressure is 0.2MPa, the spraying rotating speed is 700r/min, the paint thickness is 0.6mm, and the spraying mould temperature is 280 ℃, wherein the wet paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18% of long white diatomite, 8% of sodium bentonite, 72% of water and 2% of phenolic resin;
(3) after centrifugal casting, after waiting for 30s, carrying out water shock, wherein the water shock water pressure is 0.8MPa, carrying out water shock cooling for 25s, taking out the blank from the cylinder when the blank is cooled to 800 ℃, carrying out air cooling to room temperature, and then roughly processing the blank to obtain a semi-finished cylinder sleeve;
(4) and (3) preserving the temperature of 920 ℃ for 1h to fully austenitize the semi-finished cylinder sleeve, quenching the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a nitrate bath at 360 ℃ for isothermal quenching for 3.5h, then putting the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a pit tempering furnace, preserving the temperature for 2h at 380 ℃, and finishing after discharging to obtain the finished cylinder sleeve.
Example 6
The preparation method of this embodiment, which describes the preparation of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in embodiment 3, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) taking pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese and ferromolybdenum according to the formula, carrying out molten steel smelting in a coreless medium-frequency induction electric furnace according to a conventional smelting method, adding 0.1% pure aluminum for deoxidation before tapping of the molten steel, wherein the tapping temperature of the molten steel is 1680 ℃, and the temperature of a pouring ladle is 1540 ℃;
(2) casting by adopting a centrifugal casting process, wherein the centrifugal rotating speed of the centrifugal casting is 1230 r/min; before casting, spraying wet paint on a casting mould for 3 times, wherein the single-time paint amount is 330g, the spraying pressure is 0.17MPa, the spraying rotating speed is 680r/min, the paint thickness is 0.6mm, and the temperature of the spraying mould is 270 ℃, wherein the wet paint consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 19% of long white diatomite, 8% of sodium bentonite, 71% of water and 2% of phenolic resin;
(3) after centrifugal casting, after waiting for 30s, carrying out water shock, wherein the water shock water pressure is 0.8MPa, carrying out water shock cooling for 25s, taking out the blank from the cylinder when the blank is cooled to 800 ℃, carrying out air cooling to room temperature, and then roughly processing the blank to obtain a semi-finished cylinder sleeve;
(4) and (3) preserving the temperature of 910 ℃ for 1h for full austenitizing the semi-finished cylinder sleeve, quenching the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a nitrate bath at 360 ℃ for isothermal quenching for 3.5h, then putting the semi-finished cylinder sleeve in a pit tempering furnace, preserving the temperature for 2h at 370 ℃, and finishing after discharging to obtain the finished cylinder sleeve.
Third, Experimental example
The performance tests of the bainitic cast steel cylinder liners of examples 1, 2 and 3 showed the following results: the hardness of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in example 1 was HRC 41.5, the tensile strength Rm was 1236MPa, and the elastic modulus E was 189 GPa; the hardness of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in the embodiment 2 is HRC 43.2, the tensile strength Rm is 1314MPa, and the elastic modulus E is 199 GPa; the hardness of the bainite cast steel cylinder liner in the embodiment 3 is HRC 42.6, the tensile strength Rm is 1302MPa, and the elastic modulus E is 192 GPa. The metallographic structures of the bainitic cast steel cylinder liners of examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the matrix structure was a lower bainite structure containing a small amount of retained austenite and a part of particulate carbides.
From the results, the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve has high tensile strength and elastic modulus, and has good plasticity and toughness; and the hardness is higher, and the wear resistance is better.
Claims (5)
1. The bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.65-0.83% of carbon, 2.64-2.83% of silicon, 0.85-0.95% of manganese, 0.52-0.62% of molybdenum, less than or equal to 0.04% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.04% of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.09% of aluminum, and the balance of iron; the matrix structure of the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve is lower bainite and contains a small amount of residual austenite and partial granular carbide;
the preparation method of the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the raw materials to form molten steel;
(2) centrifugally casting the molten steel obtained in the step (1) to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) austenitizing and then bainitizing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2);
the austenitizing temperature is 910-920 ℃; the bainite is austempered at 350-360 ℃; the isothermal quenching time is 3-3.5 h.
2. A method of manufacturing a bainitic cast steel cylinder liner as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) smelting the raw materials to form molten steel;
(2) centrifugally casting the molten steel obtained in the step (1) to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) austenitizing and then bainitizing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2);
the austenitizing temperature is 910-920 ℃; the bainite is austempered at 350-360 ℃; the isothermal quenching time is 3-3.5 h.
3. The method for preparing the bainite cast steel cylinder liner according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotation speed of the centrifugal casting is 1150-1250 r/min.
4. The method for preparing the bainite cast steel cylinder sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature of the pouring fire ladle after the molten steel is discharged from the furnace is 1500-1550 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the bainite cast steel cylinder liner according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the method further includes a tempering step after the bainitization, and the temperature of the tempering is 360-380 ℃.
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| CN112662957B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-09-17 | 暨南大学 | Bainite wear-resistant cast steel with strong wear hardening capacity and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113046648B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-04-12 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant cast steel and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117004889A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-07 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Ductile steel cylinder liner and preparation method thereof |
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