CN111480551A - Application method for preparing marigold culture medium by utilizing tannery sludge compost - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an application method for preparing marigold culture medium by utilizing tannery sludge compost, belonging to the field of resource treatment of solid waste. The method mainly develops a soilless culture substrate of marigold, which comprises organic waste tannery sludge compost serving as a main component and an auxiliary material perlite, wherein the organic waste tannery sludge compost is prepared from 40-60 parts of tannery sludge compost and 40-60 parts of perlite according to the volume part ratio, the tannery sludge compost is harmless and can provide nutrients, the auxiliary material perlite can adjust the porosity of the substrate to make up for the defect of a single substrate, and the substrate is used for culturing the marigold, so that the plant growth situation is good, the flowering phase is advanced and the flowering time is prolonged. The method is simple and feasible, solves the problem of going out of the tannery sludge, realizes resource utilization, simultaneously meets the requirement problem of the culture medium, and has certain environmental and economic benefits.

Description

A kind of application method of using tannery sludge compost to prepare marigold cultivation substrate

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of landscaping, and specifically comprises using tannery sludge compost and perlite as main components to prepare a cultivation substrate suitable for the growth of marigold.

Background technique

China is the world's largest facility horticultural country. According to incomplete statistics, China's facility horticulture cultivation area is over 2.5×10 ⁶ hm ² , but the soilless cultivation area is only about 2×10 ³ hm ² , which accounts for a very low proportion. There is a lot of room for the development of soilless culture in China, and a large number of safe, high-quality and easy-to-use solid cultivation substrates are needed. However, the price of peat, the main raw material of soilless culture, has been rising year by year. The lack of a stable, cheap and easy-to-obtain substrate is the bottleneck restricting the development scale of soilless culture in China. With the development of my country's industry and agriculture, a large number of organic wastes have been produced, most of which have not been used and are randomly discharged into the natural environment, which not only pollutes the environment, but also wastes organic resources. Many studies have pointed out that organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure decomposed clinker, coconut shells, sawdust, distiller's grains, mushroom residues, carbonized rice husks, straws, corncobs, traditional Chinese medicine wastes, etc., show certain advantages in the utilization of cultivation substrates. Waste production substrates can not only solve the problem of large demand for substrates, but also build a conservation-oriented society, develop a green circular economy, promote the rational use of resources, and promote the needs of comprehensive utilization of waste. The toxicity of tannery sludge is reduced after composting and decomposing, and it has great prospects in the utilization of cultivation substrates.

Marigold is widely planted in my country as a Compositae plant, has strong ornamental value, and is deeply loved by Chinese people. The prospect of using tannery sludge compost as a matrix for marigold is worth exploring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to explore a method for preparing a soilless culture substrate by using tannery sludge compost, and further use it as a growth substrate of marigold, so as to provide guidance for the resource utilization of tannery sludge and the cultivation of marigold.

To achieve the above object, the present invention uses tannery sludge compost and perlite to mix and prepare a soilless culture substrate, and the technical scheme is as follows:

A soilless culture substrate prepared by using tannery sludge compost is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in proportion by volume: 40-60 parts of tannery sludge compost and 40-60 parts of perlite.

The tannery sludge compost of the present invention is the product obtained after the tannery sludge is harmless by aerobic composting, the organic matter content is above 20%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5. Its main function is to improve the fertility of the substrate and provide nutrients. substance.

The perlite described in the invention is agricultural perlite, which has good water-holding performance, can hold more than 40% of water, and has a porous structure, which can maintain water-vapor exchange, reduce bulk density, maintain matrix stability, and at the same time promote Plant root development.

The bulk density of the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is 0.2-0.4 g/cm ³ .

The total porosity of the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is 60%-80%, which contains about 20%-30% of air and water.

The present invention further provides a cultivation method in which the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is applied to marigold. After a large number of cultivation experiments, the growth response of marigold is observed, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) 40-60 parts of tannery sludge compost and 40-60 parts of perlite are mixed into a matrix by volume and placed in a flowerpot;

(2) Raising marigold seed plugs for one week;

(3) the marigold seedlings after raising seedlings are transplanted into the flowerpots with good substrates;

(4) Observe the growth and flowering time of marigold.

The method for raising seedlings in the plug tray described in the above-mentioned step (2) is to mix peat, perlite and vermiculite as a plug tray seedling base to pack into a 5 × 10 plastic plug tray, and after the plant seeds are sprinkled, a layer of vermiculite is covered, and then poured. After water, place the seedlings in the germination chamber.

Preferably, the environment of the above-mentioned germination chamber is a temperature of 20-25° C. and a humidity of 70%-80%.

The plant transplanting method in the above step (3) is to select plant seedlings with basically the same growth and transfer them to the prepared tannery sludge compost matrix, and water them thoroughly.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a simple and easy preparation method of marigold soilless culture substrate, uses tannery sludge compost as the main raw material, solves the outlet problem of tannery sludge, and realizes Resource utilization, while meeting the demand for cultivation substrates, has certain environmental and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the growth of marigold in Example 2 of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the growth of marigold in Example 3 of the present invention

Detailed ways

The present invention provides an application method for preparing a marigold cultivation substrate by utilizing tannery sludge compost, and the present invention will be further elaborated below.

Example 1:

The raw materials of the cultivation substrate and the preparation method thereof are as follows: the tannery sludge compost product is passed through a 1-3cm sieve, 40-60 parts of the tannery sludge compost and 40-60 parts of perlite are mixed according to volume fractions, and the mixture is evenly stirred. Different tannery sludge compost cultivation substrates were obtained.

The properties such as bulk density and porosity of the obtained cultivation substrate are shown in the following table:

Table 1 Bulk density and porosity of each matrix

The bulk density of each treated substrate is 0.2-0.4g/cm ³ , the total porosity is 60%-80%, and it contains about 20%-30% of air and water, which is considered to be a better substrate.

Example 2:

The raw materials of the cultivation substrate and the preparation method thereof are as follows:

The tannery sludge compost product is passed through a 1-3cm sieve, and 60 parts by volume are mixed with 40 parts of perlite, and placed in a plastic flower pot to obtain a cultivation substrate.

The cultivation substrate of above-mentioned preparation is applied to the planting of marigold, and the concrete method is as follows:

(1) Plug seedlings of marigold: Choose 5×10 plugs, put in peat and vermiculite and mix them as seedling substrates. The marigold seeds are washed with distilled water and then sown in the plugs, and the seeds are covered with a small amount of vermiculite. And water them properly (if the water cannot be squeezed out by hand), place the seedlings in a germination room at 20-25°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for a week.

(2) Select the marigold seedlings with basically the same growth and transplant them into the pots equipped with the above-mentioned substrates, and make four pots of parallel samples for each treatment.

(3) Each treatment was randomly placed in a greenhouse and watered every other day.

The growth of marigold in different periods is shown in Figure 1. Marigold can grow well in the tannery sludge compost substrate, and flower at 60-90 days after planting.

Example 3:

The raw materials of the cultivation substrate and the preparation method thereof are as follows:

The tannery sludge compost product is passed through a 1-3 cm sieve, 40 parts by volume are mixed with 60 parts of perlite, and placed in a plastic flower pot to obtain a cultivation substrate.

The cultivation substrate of above-mentioned preparation is used for the planting of marigold, and the concrete method is as follows:

(1) Plug seedlings of marigold: Choose 5×10 plugs, put in peat and vermiculite and mix them as seedling substrates. The marigold seeds are washed with distilled water and then sown in the plugs, and the seeds are covered with a small amount of vermiculite. And water them properly (if the water cannot be squeezed out by hand), place the seedlings in a germination room at 20-25°C and a humidity of 70%-80% for a week.

(2) Select the marigold seedlings with basically the same growth and transplant them into the pots equipped with the above-mentioned substrates, and make four pots of parallel samples for each treatment.

(3) Each treatment was randomly placed in a greenhouse and watered every other day.

The growth of marigold in different periods is shown in Figure 2. Marigold can grow well in the tannery sludge compost substrate, and flower at 60-90 days after planting.

Claims (9)

1. an application method that utilizes tannery sludge compost to prepare marigold cultivation substrate, it is characterized in that: the soilless cultivation substrate of described tannery sludge compost is mainly made by following raw material by volume fraction proportioning: 40- 60 parts tannery sludge compost, 40-60 parts perlite. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tannery sludge compost is a product obtained after the tannery sludge is harmless by aerobic composting, the organic matter content is above 20%, and the pH value is 7.0 -7.5. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the perlite is agricultural perlite, and the water holding capacity is more than 40%. 4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bulk density of the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is 0.2-0.4 g/cm ³ . 5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the total porosity of the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is 60%-80%, which contains about 20%-30% of air and water. 6 . 6. the described method of claim 1-5, the tannery sludge compost soilless culture substrate is prepared and applied to marigold cultivation, through a large number of cultivation tests, observe the growth response of marigold, concrete steps are as follows: (1) 40-60 parts of tannery sludge compost and 40-60 parts of perlite are mixed into a matrix by volume and placed in a flowerpot; (2) Raising marigold seed plugs for one week; (3) the marigold seedlings after raising seedlings are transplanted into the flowerpots with good substrates; (4) Observe the growth and flowering time of marigold. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the method for raising seedlings in the plug tray described in step (2) is to mix peat, perlite and vermiculite into a 5×10 plastic hole as a plug tray raising seedling matrix The plant seeds were sprinkled and covered with a layer of vermiculite. After watering, they were placed in a germination chamber to raise seedlings. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the environment of the germination chamber is a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 70%-80%. 9 . The method according to claim 6 , characterized in that: the plant transplanting method in step (3) is to select plant seedlings with substantially the same growth and transfer them to the prepared tannery sludge compost matrix, and water them thoroughly.

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