CN111473662A - A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and heat pump module unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit. The evaporative cooling heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange plates; the heat exchange plate includes a heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit has a plate-like structure The heat exchange unit includes a cooling pipe and a water distribution tank; there are water distribution micro-plates on both sides of the water distribution tank; the water distribution micro-plates are connected with the pipe walls of the cooling pipe and the condenser pipe; The outer side of the hot surface is also connected with an anti-flying water net. The anti-flying water net is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and is connected to the horizontal section of each condensing pipe. The horizontal section of the side condenser pipe is connected to the pipe wall. A heat pump module unit includes the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and heat pump module unit of the present invention have high heat exchange efficiency, water saving, and easy maintenance; not only can refrigerate, but also heat; small size, high stability; easy construction ; Low noise, reducing the cost of use.

Description

A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and heat pump module unit

technical field

The invention relates to the field of heat pump units, in particular to a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit.

Background technique

Since water-cooled chillers have significant energy-saving effects compared to air-cooled chillers, they have a higher market share as the first choice in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning. However, water-cooled chillers generally use screw compressors or centrifugal compressors. The cooling capacity of a single unit ranges from hundreds of kilowatts to thousands of kilowatts. Therefore, the unit has high power and large size, which is inconvenient for transportation, installation and maintenance. The disadvantage is that the heating function cannot be realized.

Although water-cooled chillers have certain advantages over air-cooled chillers, they still have the following shortcomings:

1. The water-cooled chiller needs a specific machine room, and the main engine installation covers an area of as little as a few hundred square meters or more than a thousand square meters, resulting in a waste of the effective use area of the main building. Today, when land resources are tight and real estate regulation is becoming more and more strict, it is of great significance to reduce the area of land used and improve the utilization rate of buildings. In engineering practice, some newly built and renovated buildings have limited indoor space due to various reasons. It is not possible to install the cooling main unit indoors, however, the replacement of air-cooled water-cooled units will greatly increase the operating cost of the air conditioner.

2. The cooling tower in the water-cooled chiller is separated from the refrigerating host, resulting in an increase in the construction volume and construction cost due to the long cooling cycle pipe network. The machine room of the water-cooled chiller is generally set in the underground part of the main building, while the cooling tower is set on the roof of the main building. The distance between the refrigerating host and the cooling tower in the computer room can be as few as tens of meters or as many as hundreds of meters. The large-diameter cooling water supply and return network is difficult to construct and requires strong construction expertise, which makes the overall cost of the air-conditioning project higher.

3. The cooling circulation pump in the water-cooled chiller has high power consumption. Due to the large height difference between the refrigeration host and the cooling tower, the head of the cooling circulating pump increases under the condition of fixed flow, the power of the cooling circulating pump increases, and the energy consumption increases accordingly. In addition, the existing water-cooled chillers mostly use shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Due to the short shell path, the flow rate is required to be fast, which results in a large pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fluid, which greatly increases the fluid resistance in the shell and makes the cooling circulating pump Increased power and increased energy consumption.

4. High-power screw compressors (power consumption of a single machine above 100KW) or centrifugal compressors (power consumption of a single machine above 200KW-1000KW) are generally used in water-cooled chillers. It is difficult to transport and install.

5. The stability of the water-cooled chiller is poor. Due to the high single-unit price of large-scale water-cooled chillers, the use of dual-head compressors in order to improve operational stability leads to potential safety hazards in the entire refrigeration operation.

6. The water-cooled chiller is not easy to maintain, and the maintenance price is high.

7. The traditional water-cooled chillers all use shell-and-tube heat exchangers. This kind of wall-type heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling medium (water) is carried out in a closed shell and tube. The cooling water absorbs the heat of condensation of the refrigerant in the form of sensible heat. Thermal efficiency is not high.

8. The cooling tower of the water-cooled chiller has serious water flying, causing waste of water resources; the cooling water convection with the countercurrent air during the downward spraying process through the water distributor will cause serious flying water phenomenon, and the drifting water droplets will follow the fan. It is discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in the waste of reactive power of cooling water.

9. The noise pollution of water-cooled chillers is serious. Since the refrigeration host adopts high-power screw or centrifugal compressors, mechanical friction and vibration will occur during the operation of the unit, resulting in serious noise pollution in the indoor refrigeration room; in addition, the fan and cooling spray during the operation of the outdoor cooling tower will also generate noise pollution; These noise pollutions require additional construction investment.

10. The water-cooled chiller does not have heating function. The traditional water-cooled chiller uses water as the cooling medium to cool the refrigerant vapor, and the heated cooling water transfers the heat to the ambient air through the cooling tower set outdoors; the cooling heat transfer process is: refrigerant → water → air. When heating, the heat transfer process is reversed: refrigerant←water←air. Since the heating operation is carried out in winter, obviously when the cooling water is lower than "0°C", the cooling tower will not be able to carry out the reverse transfer of heat.

Based on the above shortcomings, how to develop a small and modular unit that is small in size, light in weight, high in refrigeration efficiency, water-saving, low in noise, easy to transport and install, and capable of heating functions has become the research and development of current workers in this technical field. focus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a heat pump module unit. The adopted evaporative cooling heat exchanger has high heat exchange efficiency, saves water and is easy to maintain; the heat pump module unit Not only can refrigerate, but also heat; small size, high stability; easy construction; low noise, reducing the cost of use.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are spaced along a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface Arrangement; each heat exchange plate includes at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-like structure vertically arranged by a plurality of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes, and both ends of the plurality of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes pass through the bending sections of the condenser tubes The connection constitutes at least one refrigerant condensation channel, the two sides of the plate-like structure constitute the evaporative heat exchange surface, and the two adjacent horizontal sections of the condensing tube are connected without gaps, so that the evaporative heat exchange surface has continuity and is in a concave and convex shape; the uppermost side A cooling pipe is also arranged above the horizontal section of the condenser pipe; a water distribution tank is also arranged between the cooling pipe and the horizontal section of the uppermost condenser pipe; The upper end of the water distribution micro-orifice plate is connected with the tube wall of the cooling pipe, and the lower end is connected with the tube wall of the horizontal section of the uppermost condenser tube, so that the water distribution tank is embedded between the cooling tube and the heat exchange unit to form an integrated structure. The cooling pipe is provided with a plurality of rows of water outlet holes to communicate with the water distribution tank, which is used to evenly inject water into the water distribution tank; the water distribution tank is used to distribute the water injected by the cooling pipe into the evaporation heat exchange through the water distribution microporous plate The plate surface forms a water curtain; the outer side of the evaporative heat exchange surface is also connected with an anti-flying water net, which is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and connected to the horizontal section of each condenser pipe. The tube wall of the horizontal section of the side condenser tube is connected, and the bottom end is connected to the tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section of the condenser tube, so that the water distribution microporous plate and the anti-flying water net form a complete board surface.

Further, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of the heat exchange units; the plurality of heat exchange units are arranged vertically, and the adjacent two heat exchange units are connected by the bending section of the condensation pipe, so that the respective refrigerant condensation channels correspond to each other. Connected.

Further, the top of the cooling pipe in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side of the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected to the bottom of the horizontal section of the condensation pipe on the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side.

Further, the bottom end of the anti-flying water net of each heat exchange unit is replaced with the tube wall of the cooling tube of the adjacent heat exchange unit located on the lower side.

Further, in the two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of horizontal sections of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the upper side, so as to make multiple heat exchange units. The heat exchange area of the evaporative heat exchange surface of the heat unit decreases from top to bottom; the number of water outlet holes of the cooling pipe in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than the number of water outlet holes of the cooling pipe located on the upper side (the water outlet holes along the cooling The spacing in the length direction of the tube is increased), which is used to meet the water distribution requirements of the evaporative heat exchange surface corresponding to the heat exchange area.

Further, the connection mode of the cooling pipe, the water distribution tank and the water distribution micro-plate between the two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced by: a water distribution tank is arranged above the cooling pipe, and a cloth is arranged on both sides of the water distribution tank. The water micro-orifice plate, the lower end of the water-distributing micro-orifice plate is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe, and the upper end is connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the condensing pipe on the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling pipe is connected to the The top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe in the heat exchange unit is connected; correspondingly, in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side, the top of the anti-flying water net is replaced with the pipe wall connection and bottom of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit. The end is replaced with the tube wall of the horizontal section of the condensing tube on the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs.

A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit, comprising the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger, the top of the refrigerant condensation channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is provided with a The refrigerant vapor inlet and bottom end are provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; the refrigerant vapor inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant vapor collection pipe, and the refrigerant liquid The outlet is connected with a refrigerant liquid collection pipe, and the cooling water inlets of the cooling pipes of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a cooling collection pipe; the refrigerant vapor collection pipe is also connected with a first refrigerant vapor main pipe, and the refrigerant liquid collection pipe is also connected with a cooling collection pipe. A first refrigerant liquid main pipe is connected, and a cooling main pipe is also connected to the cooling collecting pipe.

Further, the heat pump module unit also includes an air-cooled heat exchanger and a refrigerant operation assembly; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger are connected in parallel with the refrigerant operation assembly; the refrigerant operation assembly is used for operation. The refrigerant exchanges heat in an evaporative cooling heat exchanger or an air-cooled heat exchanger; the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected with a second refrigerant vapor main pipe and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe; the first refrigerant vapor main pipe and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe After being connected in parallel, it is connected to the refrigerant operation assembly. The first refrigerant liquid main pipe is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and then connected to the refrigerant operation assembly. The first refrigerant vapor main pipe is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the second refrigerant vapor A second solenoid valve is arranged on the main pipe.

Further, the unit further includes a water tank; a water pump is arranged in the water tank; the water outlet of the water pump is communicated with the cooling main pipe for sending the cooling water in the water tank into the evaporative cooling heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe.

Further, the water tank is further provided with a water replenishing port; the bottom of the water tank is also connected with a sewage pipe; the sewage pipe is provided with a sewage electromagnetic valve.

Further, a cooling packing layer is also arranged between the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the water tank, for cooling the unevaporated water dropped from the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and discharging it into the water tank.

Further, the refrigerant operation assembly includes a compressor, a four-way valve, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a filter drier, an economizer, a first expansion valve, a first Two check valves, a gas-liquid separator, a third solenoid valve, a second expansion valve, a third check valve, and a fourth check valve; the unit also includes multiple indoor units; the compressor has an air outlet , air return port and enthalpy increase port; the four-way valve has a end, b end, c end, d end; the economizer has e end, f end, g end, h end, e end and f end are in the economical The g-end and h-end are communicated inside the economizer; the multi-connected indoor unit has j-end and k-end, and the j-end and k-end are the two ports of the refrigerant passage of the multi-connected indoor unit.

Further, the air outlet of the compressor, the a and b ends of the four-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main pipe/the second refrigerant steam main pipe, the first refrigerant steam main pipe and the second refrigerant steam main pipe of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger. A solenoid valve and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h and g ends of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, and the j of the multi-unit indoor unit The end and the k end, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the air return port of the compressor are connected to form a first refrigeration running channel.

Further, the air outlet of the compressor, the a and b ends of the four-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant steam main pipe/the second refrigerant steam main pipe, the second refrigerant steam main pipe of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the first refrigerant steam main pipe The second solenoid valve and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, the first one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h and g ends of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the second one-way valve, and the j of the multi-unit indoor unit The end and the k end, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the air return port of the compressor are sequentially connected to form a second refrigeration operation channel.

Further, the air outlet of the compressor, the a and d ends of the four-way valve, the k and j ends of the multi-unit indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, and the h of the economizer. end and g end, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant liquid main pipe/the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe and the first refrigerant vapor main pipe of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger, and The first solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the air return port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a first heating operation channel.

Further, the air outlet of the compressor, the a and d ends of the four-way valve, the k and j ends of the multi-unit indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, and the h of the economizer. end and g end, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant liquid main pipe/the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, the second refrigerant liquid main pipe and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe of the air-cooled heat exchanger, and The second solenoid valve, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the air return port of the compressor are connected in sequence to form a second heating operation channel.

Further, in the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, the outlet of the filter drier, the second expansion valve, the e-end and f-end of the economizer, the third solenoid valve, and the enthalpy increase of the compressor. The ports are connected in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy increasing loop; the internal channel located between the e end and the f end in the economizer exchanges heat with the internal channel located between the h end and the g end.

Further, the unit further includes a casing, and a ventilation opening is arranged on the top of the casing; a fan is arranged in the ventilation opening; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the cooling packing layer are arranged in sequence below the blower; The air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged on the outside of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger; the water tank is arranged below the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the air-cooled heat exchanger, and the casing is on the corresponding side of the air-cooled heat exchanger A ventilation grille is also arranged on the wall; a water separator is also arranged between the fan and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger; an equipment room is also arranged in the casing below the water tank; the refrigerant operation assembly is installed in the In the equipment room, an electric control box is also arranged in the equipment room for controlling the fan, the water pump, the compressor, the four-way valve, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve.

Further, the unit does not include a multi-connected indoor unit, and the unit is connected to an indoor heat exchanger; the indoor heat exchanger includes an outdoor side heat exchange part and an indoor side heat exchange part; the outdoor side heat exchange part exchanges with the indoor side. The hot part is communicated through the refrigerant passage; the outdoor heat exchange part further includes a refrigerant heat exchange passage that exchanges heat with the refrigerant passage; the refrigerant heat exchange passage has m ends and n ends, and the m end and the n end are respectively The j-end and k-end of the replacement multi-connected indoor unit are connected to the refrigerant operation assembly; the outdoor heat exchange part is arranged in the equipment room in the unit.

The advantages of the present invention: the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger and heat pump module unit of the present invention adopts the design of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger, which has high heat exchange efficiency, water saving, and is easy to maintain; the heat pump module The unit adopts the design of parallel connection of air-cooled heat exchanger and evaporative cooling heat exchanger, which can not only be cooled by air and water, but also heated by air and industrial waste heat and wastewater; a single unit is small in size, easy to transport and install, and multiple units Parallel modular installation can replace traditional large-scale water-cooled chillers and improve the operation stability of the entire air-conditioning system; the unit can be directly installed on the roof of the building, without the need for a special machine room, which reduces the amount of installation work and reduces the difficulty of construction; the unit The overall noise generated can be controlled below 65Pb, no additional noise reduction treatment is required for the unit, and the cost of use is reduced.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange unit on the uppermost side of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two adjacent heat exchange units of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a heat exchange plate of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1;

4 is a schematic perspective view of a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1;

5 is a schematic diagram of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit according to Embodiment 2;

6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant operation assembly of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit according to Embodiment 2;

7 is a schematic diagram of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit according to Embodiment 3;

8 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant operation assembly of a self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit according to the third embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , this embodiment provides a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger, which includes a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are along a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface Each heat exchange plate includes at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is vertically arranged into a plate-like structure by a plurality of horizontal sections 205 of condenser tubes, and both ends of the plurality of horizontal sections of condenser tubes 205 pass through the condenser tubes. The bending section 213 is connected to form at least one refrigerant condensation channel, the two sides of the plate-like structure constitute the evaporative heat exchange surface, and the two adjacent horizontal sections 205 of the condensing tube are connected without gaps, so that the evaporative heat exchange surface is continuous and uneven. A cooling pipe 203 is also provided above the horizontal section 205 of the uppermost condenser pipe; a water distribution groove 201 is also set between the cooling pipe 203 and the horizontal section 205 of the uppermost condenser pipe; The side is provided with a water distribution microplate 202; the upper end of the water distribution microplate 202 is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe 203, and the lower end is connected with the pipe wall of the uppermost horizontal section of the condenser pipe 205, so that the water distribution tank 201 is embedded The cooling pipe 203 is fixed between the cooling pipe 203 and the heat exchange unit to form an integrated structure; the cooling pipe 203 is provided with multiple rows of water outlet holes 204 to communicate with the water distribution tank 201 for evenly injecting water into the water distribution tank 201; the water distribution tank 201 is used to distribute the water injected by the cooling pipe 203 on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate through the water distribution microporous plate 202 to form a water curtain; the water distribution tank 201 is also provided between the cooling pipe 203 and the horizontal section 205 of the condensation pipe. There is a bracket 206; the outside of the evaporative heat exchange surface is also connected with an anti-flying water net 214, which is laid on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate and is connected to the horizontal section 205 of each condensation pipe. The top of the anti-flying water net 214 It is connected with the tube wall of the uppermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube, and the bottom end is connected with the tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube, so that the water distribution microporous plate 202 and the anti-flying water net 214 constitute a complete plate surface.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the cooling pipe, the adjacent condenser pipes with a certain interval and the water distribution micro-porous plates vertically tangent to the outer walls of the adjacent two pipes form a cloth. sink. When the cooling water is delivered to the cooling pipe, since the cooling pipe is distributed with multiple rows of water outlet holes, the cooling water is evenly sprayed in the entire water distribution tank. The air pressure in the water distribution tank is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water maintains an equal pressure state under the dual action of its own gravity and atmospheric pressure; the cooling water can be distributed on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate through the water distribution microporous plate under its own gravity flow. , forming a thin layer of water curtain (water curtain) from top to bottom. Due to the surface tension of water, the cooling water adheres directly to the entire evaporative heat exchange plate without gaps, continuously, and the water film is fully extended, thin and uniform, thereby improving the evaporative efficiency. Limit to avoid flying water, floating water phenomenon.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the processing method of the water distribution tank is as follows: directly welding the water distribution microporous plate between the arranged cooling outer pipe and the condensation pipe, and then Both ends of the water distribution tank in the length direction are closed with sealing plates to form an integrated structure. The water distribution microporous plate has a certain resistance to the flowing water, so that the water can form a certain water level in the water distribution tank. The water distribution microporous plate can also be used. Screen mesh, nano-scale mesh, as long as the water distribution tank maintains a certain water level; the material of the water distribution microporous plate can be copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloy, or other metal materials that are convenient for mesh making or opening; Control the water intake of the cooling pipe to control the water level in the water distribution tank. On the premise of ensuring sufficient water spraying at the bottom of the heat exchange unit, the cooling water supply is minimized and no surplus is generated, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate water distribution.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the anti-flying water mesh is a millimeter-scale metal mesh structure, and is welded and fixed with the horizontal section of the condenser tube in the contacting heat exchange plate surface, and is connected with The water distribution micro-porous plate forms a plane; the anti-flying water net is a metal material with good thermal conductivity, and is welded and tightened with the condenser tube to form an auxiliary The evaporating surface is conducive to the heat dissipation and evaporation of the cooling water; due to the water film tension on the surface of the anti-flying water net, it can prevent the cooling water from being taken away by the air flowing in the reverse direction, and further avoid the cooling caused by "floating water" and "flying water". Water waste; the mesh structure of the anti-flying water nets arranged in a matrix can make the water distribution on the heat exchange plate surface more uniform, and can prolong the retention time of cooling water, increase the heat exchange, and improve the heat exchange efficiency; the anti-flying water nets are crisscrossed The reticulated structure strengthens the disturbance of cooling water, improves the microcirculation of cooling water, and further improves the heat exchange efficiency.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the heat exchange unit is formed by folding one or more circular condenser tubes according to Z-shaped equal length "zero spacing" (forming one or more Cooling water distribution pipes with the same diameter as the condenser pipes are arranged at the top and middle of the heat exchange fins; the cooling pipes and the condenser pipes keep a small distance (not higher than the cooling and condenser pipe diameters), and are brazed through the brackets fixed. The entire condensing coil is in the same plane as the cooling pipe. Among them, the adjacent upper and lower condensing pipes and cooling pipes are connected by brazing without gaps; the advantages of circular pipes with larger heat exchange area, higher heat transfer coefficient, strong compressive capacity, and low price of mature products are used as basic materials. The Z-shaped condensing tube is folded into a layered flat plate structure, and the outer wall of the condensing tube forms a complete and continuous evaporation surface; it avoids the large space occupied by the large space between the rows (rows) of tubes and the heat exchange units of the coil heat exchanger, and each exchange The shortcomings of the heat unit evaporation surface loss are serious and the effective evaporation surface is reduced. The M-shaped concave-convex curved surface structure formed by the outer wall of the condenser tube (the concave-convex arc shape) increases the heat exchange area and avoids the serious scaling caused by increasing the heat exchange area and increasing the fins of the tube-finned condenser. The shortcomings of low efficiency, serious electrical corrosion, short service life, and difficult cleaning of scale; the plate surface formed by the superposition of circular tubes is several times larger than the heat exchange area of the flat plate condenser with the same cross-sectional area, and the heat exchange is higher. ;Compared with straight plate condensers, the double M-shaped concave-convex curved surface can prolong the discharge time of cooling water on the plate surface, the flow rate and flow direction of cooling water between the concave and convex surfaces are constantly changing, and the appearance of turbulent flow creates a disturbance effect on the cooling water film. The heat transfer coefficient of the evaporation surface is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved; the condensing tube adopts an inner thread round tube, which increases the contact surface between the refrigerant vapor and the tube wall, strengthens the thermal conductivity, and is conducive to heat conduction, instead of a straight (flat) plate The inner cavity of the condenser has the characteristics of strong pressure resistance, high heat transfer coefficient, corrosion resistance, simple process and low cost.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the condenser tubes are arranged in a plate-like structure, and the structure is compact, and the heat exchange area contained in the same volume is the same as that of the coil type heat exchanger. At the same time, the water distribution design of the water curtain type is adopted, the water distribution is more uniform, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Moreover, the concave and convex curved surface design of the evaporation heat exchange surface further increases the heat exchange efficiency, which makes the same amount of heat exchange. Under the circumstance, the volume of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger in the unit is smaller, and the overall volume of the unit is correspondingly greatly reduced to achieve the purpose of miniaturization.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the evaporative heat exchange surface, and sufficient gaps are maintained between the heat exchange plates A channel is formed to facilitate air circulation, and it is also convenient for cleaning and maintenance.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of the heat exchange units; the plurality of heat exchange units are arranged vertically, and two adjacent heat exchange units The units are connected by the bending section 213 of the condensation pipe, so that the respective refrigerant condensation channels are connected correspondingly; the top of the cooling pipe 203 in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side of the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected to the heat exchange unit located on the upper side. The bottom end of the horizontal section 205 of the lowermost condensing pipe is connected to the bottom; The connection method when multiple heat exchange units are used); the segmented design of multiple heat exchange units is adopted, and the water distribution tank divides each heat exchange plate into multiple independent evaporative cooling heat exchange units, and each heat exchange unit only needs Ensure the minimum amount of water sprayed in this unit, so that the water film distributed on the condensing heat exchange plate surface is thin enough to facilitate the evaporation of cooling water. However, in the traditional straight (flat) plate condenser using a single cooling unit and a single heat exchange plate structure, it is necessary to increase the amount of cooling water at the very end (bottom end, distal end) of the heat exchange plate surface to ensure sufficient cooling water. The amount of water distribution causes the water film at the outlet end to be too thick and reduces the evaporation efficiency; and the segmented design of this embodiment can solve the drawbacks of the traditional straight (flat) plate condenser, and also avoid the heat exchange of the tube and coil condensers. The uneven water spraying of the units causes the disadvantage of low effective evaporation area. The segmented spray unit design not only maintains the integrity of the water film on the entire layout, but also ensures that each heat exchange unit has the least water spray and the thinnest water film.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, the connection mode of the cooling pipe 203, the water distribution groove 201, and the water distribution microporous plate 202 between two adjacent heat exchange units can also be replaced The cooling pipe 203 is provided with a water distribution tank 201 above the cooling pipe 203, and water distribution microplates 202 are arranged on both sides of the water distribution tank 201. The lower end of the water distribution microplate 202 is connected to the pipe wall of the cooling pipe 203, and the upper end is The tube wall of the lowermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube of the upper heat exchange unit is connected; the bottom of the cooling tube 203 is connected to the top of the uppermost horizontal section 205 of the condenser tube in the corresponding heat exchange unit; In the heat exchange unit on the lower side, the top end of the anti-flying water net is replaced with the tube wall of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs, and the bottom end is replaced with the tube wall of the horizontal section of the condensing tube on the lowermost side of the heat exchange unit to which it belongs. ; This connection method is selected and used according to actual needs.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger of this embodiment, in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of horizontal sections 205 of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side is smaller than that of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side. The number of the level 205 of the condenser tubes in the heat exchange unit is used to decrease the heat exchange area of the evaporative heat exchange surfaces of the multiple heat exchange units from top to bottom; the water outlet holes of the cooling tubes 203 in the heat exchange unit located on the lower side The number of 204 is smaller than the number of water outlet holes 204 of the cooling pipe 203 located on the upper side (the spacing of the water outlet holes along the length direction of the cooling pipe is increased), which is used to meet the water distribution requirements of the evaporative heat exchange surface corresponding to the heat exchange area; The cooling medium is cooled layer by layer from top to bottom in the refrigerant condensation channel. The upper side is a high temperature area with a large amount of evaporation. The area of the evaporative heat exchange surface on the upper side is also set correspondingly larger and provides sufficient water distribution; while the lower side is a low temperature area. If the evaporation is relatively reduced, it is necessary to correspondingly reduce the area of the evaporation heat exchange surface and reduce the water distribution; this decreasing design method can make full use of the advantages of the segmented design, which can ensure that the corresponding heat exchange units are distributed. It can also ensure the minimum amount of water distribution in the heat exchange unit, and prevent the unvaporized cooling water of the heat exchange unit located on the upper side from accumulating to the heat exchange unit located on the lower side; ensure that the water film of each heat exchange unit is uniform and thin, and Save more water.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , this embodiment provides a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit, which adopts the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 as described in the first embodiment, The top end of the refrigerant condensation channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 is provided with a refrigerant vapor inlet, and the bottom end is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; The refrigerant vapor inlets of the hot plates are connected with refrigerant vapor collecting pipes 207 , the refrigerant liquid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with refrigerant liquid collecting pipes 209 , and the cooling water inlets of the cooling pipes 203 of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with cooling collecting pipes 211 . The first refrigerant vapor main pipe 208 is also connected to the refrigerant vapor collection pipe 207, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 is also connected to the refrigerant liquid collection pipe 209, and the cooling collection pipe 211 is also connected to the cooling main pipe 212 ( The piping is shown in Figures 3 and 4).

The self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment further includes an air-cooled heat exchanger 3 and a refrigerant operation assembly 6; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 are connected in parallel Then it is connected with the refrigerant operation assembly 6; the refrigerant operation assembly 6 is used to operate the refrigerant to exchange heat in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 or the air-cooled heat exchanger 3; the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 is connected with a second refrigerant The steam main pipe 301 and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302; the first refrigerant vapor main pipe 208 and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe 301 are connected in parallel with the refrigerant operation assembly 6, and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210 is connected with the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 is connected in parallel with the refrigerant operation assembly 6; the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208 is provided with a first solenoid valve 603, and the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 is provided with a second solenoid valve 604.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, based on the evaporative cooling heat exchanger, an air-cooling heat exchanger is installed in parallel with the evaporative cooling heat exchanger to realize water cooling (evaporative cooling). ) The heat pump heating function of the chiller changes the current situation of the traditional water-cooled chiller that only cools but does not heat, and expands the use function of the water-cooled chiller.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the unit further includes a water tank 5; a water pump 501 is arranged in the water tank 5; the water outlet end of the water pump 501 is communicated with the cooling main pipe 212 , used to send the cooling water in the water tank 5 into the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 through the cooling main pipe 212; the water tank 5 is also provided with a water replenishment port 502; the bottom of the water tank 5 is also connected with a sewage pipe 503; the A blowdown solenoid valve 504 is arranged on the blowdown pipe 503; a cooling filler layer 4 is also arranged between the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the water tank 5, which is used for the unevaporated water dripping from the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2. After cooling, it is discharged to the water tank 5.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the refrigerant operation assembly 6 includes a compressor 601, a four-way valve 602, a first solenoid valve 603, a second solenoid valve 604, a first Check valve 605, liquid storage tank 606, filter drier 607, economizer 608, first expansion valve 609, second check valve 610, gas-liquid separator 611, third solenoid valve 612, second expansion valve 613, The third one-way valve 614 and the fourth one-way valve 615; the unit further includes a multi-connected indoor unit 12 (fluorine generator); the compressor 601 has an air outlet, a return air port and an enthalpy increasing port; the four-way valve 602 has a end, b end, c end, and d end; the economizer 608 has e end, f end, g end, h end, e end and f end are communicated inside the economizer 608, and g end and h end are in the economizer 608. The economizer 608 is internally communicated; the multi-connected indoor unit 12 has j-end and k-end, and the j-end and k-end are two ports of the refrigerant passage of the multi-connected indoor unit;

The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a and b ends of the four-way valve 602, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant vapor main pipe 208/second refrigerant vapor main pipe 301, and the first refrigerant vapor main pipe of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 208 and the first solenoid valve 603 and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210, the first check valve 605, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h and g ends of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the second single The direction valve 610, the j end and the k end of the multi-connected indoor unit 12, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the air return port of the compressor 601 are connected to form the first refrigeration operation channel;

The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a and b ends of the four-way valve 602, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant vapor main pipe 208/second refrigerant vapor main pipe 301, and the second refrigerant vapor main pipe of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 301 and the second solenoid valve 604 and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302, the first one-way valve 605, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the h and g ends of the economizer, the first expansion valve 609, the second single The direction valve 610, the j-end and k-end of the multi-connected indoor unit 12, the d-end and c-end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the air return port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form a second refrigeration operation channel;

The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a and d ends of the four-way valve 602, the k and j ends of the multi-unit indoor unit 12, the third one-way valve 614, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the economical H end and g end of the device, the first expansion valve 609, the fourth one-way valve 615, the parallel pipeline of the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210/second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302, the first refrigerant liquid of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 The main pipe 210 is connected with the first refrigerant steam main pipe 208, the first solenoid valve 603, the b end of the four-way valve 602 and the c end/gas-liquid separator 611 and the air return port of the compressor 601 in sequence to form a first heating operation channel;

The air outlet of the compressor 601, the a and d ends of the four-way valve 602, the k and j ends of the multi-unit indoor unit 12, the third one-way valve 614, the liquid storage tank 606, the drying filter 607, the economical The h end and g end of the device, the first expansion valve 609, the fourth one-way valve 615, the first refrigerant liquid main pipe 210/the second refrigerant liquid main pipe 302 are connected in parallel, and the second refrigerant liquid of the air-cooled heat exchanger 3 The main pipe 302 and the second refrigerant steam main pipe 301 and the second solenoid valve 604, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve 602, the gas-liquid separator 611, and the air return port of the compressor 601 are connected in sequence to form a second heating operation channel;

In the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, the outlet of the filter drier 607, the second expansion valve 613, the e-end and f-ends of the economizer, the third solenoid valve 612, and the booster of the compressor 601. The enthalpy ports are connected in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy increasing loop; the internal channel located between the e end and the f end in the economizer exchanges heat with the internal channel located between the h end and the g end.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the unit further includes a casing 1, and a ventilation port 11 is provided on the top of the casing 1; a fan is provided in the ventilation port 11 7; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the cooling packing layer 4 are arranged in sequence below the fan 7; the air cooling heat exchanger 3 is arranged on the outside of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2; the water tank 5 is arranged on the Below the evaporative cooling heat exchanger 2 and the air cooling heat exchanger 3, the casing 1 is also provided with a ventilation grille 9 on the side wall corresponding to the air cooling heat exchanger 3; the fan 7 exchanges with the evaporative cooling A water separator 8 is also arranged between the heaters 2; an equipment room is also arranged in the casing 1 below the water tank 5; the refrigerant operation assembly 6 is installed in the equipment room, and the equipment room is also provided with an electric The control box 10 is used to control the fan 7 , the water pump 501 , the compressor 601 , the four-way valve 602 , the first solenoid valve 603 , the second solenoid valve 604 and the third solenoid valve 612 .

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the evaporative cooling heat exchanger used in the embodiment, through the integrated and water curtain type design, improves the evaporation of cooling water and reduces the circulation of cooling water, so that the The power consumption of the cooling circulation pump is further reduced. The segmented design and the cascade unit water distribution method make the water distribution more precise. Only a small flow of cooling water circulation can meet the cooling function; the embedded hidden water distribution tank realizes the water curtain type. Distributing water and cooperating with the anti-flying water net can minimize the existence of free water and do not produce flying water; the cooling water circulation is reduced, which reduces the air volume and wind speed of the fan, and is also conducive to avoiding the phenomenon of "flying water" and "floating water" The reduction of the cooling water circulation also reduces the volume of the cooling water tank, which reduces the volume of the unit; the heat exchange efficiency of the unit is higher, the size is smaller, and the miniaturization of the unit is realized.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the screw or centrifugal compressor is replaced with a scroll compressor or a low-power screw compressor, and the entire refrigerant circulation system of the unit is built into the unit in phase with the unit. In the matching cooling tower, an integrated unit with a high degree of integration of the heat exchange system and the cooling system is formed, which realizes the miniaturization and modularization of the unit (power consumption 5KW-40KW); The weight is reduced to about 0.5T, which is convenient for the installation and transportation of the unit.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the integrated unit saves the laying of the cooling pipe network in the traditional chiller project, reduces the construction amount and reduces the construction difficulty; the built-in cooling water circulation The head of the system is close to "0", and the power of the cooling circulating pump is lower; the open heat exchange method is adopted, and the self-gravity flow of the water is used to exchange heat with the refrigerant to further reduce the power of the circulating pump; Noise, due to the high heat exchange efficiency, the compressor adopts a small compressor to reduce the noise source intensity, the reduction of cooling water circulation reduces the power of the fan, and the power of the cooling circulation pump is also effectively reduced, further reducing the generated noise; the overall reduction Improve the level of noise pollution; the noise of the unit can be controlled below 65Pb, which fully meets the national standard, thereby solving the problem of noise pollution.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the heat pump technology is integrated, the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is equipped with an air-cooling heat exchanger, and the unit realizes the Air-cooled heat pump heating function, to achieve the purpose of dual-use.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the compressor can be a scroll compressor or a low-power screw compressor, and the weight of a single unit is reduced to less than 0.5 ton, realizing the miniaturization and type of the unit. Modularity can facilitate the installation and transportation of the unit; the small modular unit can be installed on the roof, without the need for a special machine room, thus saving indoor space; multiple small modular units run at the same time as backup for each other, individual The maintenance and maintenance of the unit does not affect the overall operation and use, which improves the operation stability of the entire air conditioning system.

In the self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, the working principle of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger in cooperation with other components is as follows: the cooling water enters the cooling collecting pipe through the cooling main pipe, and is evenly distributed to each heat exchange In the cooling pipe of the unit; the high-temperature refrigerant vapor enters the refrigerant vapor collection pipe through the refrigerant vapor header, and the refrigerant vapor is evenly distributed to the heat exchange units of each heat exchange plate through the refrigerant vapor collection pipe; when the cooling water is delivered to the cooling pipe, due to cooling The pipe is distributed with multiple rows of water outlet holes, so the cooling water is evenly sprayed in the entire water distribution tank; the air pressure in the water distribution tank is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water maintains an equal pressure state under the dual action of its own gravity and atmospheric pressure; The cooling water can be evenly distributed on the surface of the evaporative heat exchange plate through the water distribution microporous plate under its own gravity flow, and cooperate with the anti-flying water net to form a thin layer of water curtain (water curtain) from top to bottom; the refrigerant steam is folded The refrigerant condensing channel formed by the condensing tube moves layer by layer from top to bottom. Due to the existence of low-temperature cooling water on the outer wall of the condenser tube, a large temperature difference occurs between the inside and outside of the refrigerant tube wall. The outer wall is transferred to the cooling water flowing through its surface, the refrigerant releases heat to reduce the temperature, the cooling water absorbs heat and evaporates on the surface of the condenser, and the saturated steam formed by evaporation is discharged into the atmosphere under the action of the fan; the unevaporated cooling water Due to the convection heat exchange with the refrigerant vapor in the condenser tube, the temperature rises, and in the state of its own gravity flow, it drips into the cooling packing arranged at the lower part of the evaporative condenser along both sides of the heat exchange surface through the bottom end of the heat exchange surface. At this time, the evaporative condenser acts as a water distribution function in the cooling and condensation process of cooling water. The cooling water dripping along the bottom of the entire evaporative condenser evenly drips onto the top of the cooling packing below it. A very thin water film is formed on the surface again. Also, under the action of the fan, the cooling water film on the surface of the packing exchanges heat with the ambient air passing over the surface of the packing. The cooling water is cooled and then cooled down. When the filler acts as a cooling function. The cooled cooling water drops evenly on the surface of the entire cooling water tank along the horizontal lower surface of the entire cooling filler. Enter the cooling pipe of each heat exchange unit to enter the next cooling cycle.

A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment includes a cooling mode of an evaporative cooling heat exchanger, a cooling mode of an air-cooled heat exchanger, a defrosting mode of the air-cooled heat exchanger, and a cooling mode of the air-cooled heat exchanger. The heating mode of the heat exchanger and the heating mode of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger are as follows:

1. Refrigeration mode of evaporative cooling heat exchanger

In this mode, the water supply port of the water tank is switched to the cooling water port.

Refrigerant flow: the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected with the b end, and the c end is connected with the d end; The air is ejected from the outlet, enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the b end, and enters each heat exchange unit of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger through the first solenoid valve through the first refrigerant vapor main pipe, and the refrigerant vapor and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger The water curtain heat exchange and cooling, the refrigerant vapor is cooled, liquefied and cooled, the cooling water and the refrigerant vapor in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger exchange heat with the refrigerant vapor, heat up, vaporize and evaporate, and part of the cooling water changes from liquid to gas, and is discharged through the fan in the form of latent heat of vaporization of water. In the outdoor atmosphere; the low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the evaporative cooling heat exchanger passes through the first refrigerant liquid main pipe, and then enters the liquid storage tank through the first one-way valve, and the low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter, After entering through the h end and g end of the economizer, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by throttling through the first expansion valve; the throttled low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the second one-way valve from the j of the multi-unit indoor unit. The end enters and the k end exits and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant channel in the multi-connected indoor unit. The low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor enters through the d end and c end of the four-way valve. After passing through the gas-liquid separator, it enters the air return port of the compressor for compression to complete a refrigerant cycle process.

In this mode, the water pump will start the compressor first, and the fan will start after the set time interval; the lower temperature cooling water in the water tank will be transported to each heat exchanger of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe and the cooling collecting pipe under the action of the water pump. Cooling pipes for the unit. After the cooling water passes through the water distribution tank of each heat exchange unit, it is evenly distributed on the surface of each heat exchange plate to form a layer of water film. Since the surface temperature of each heat exchange plate is about 90 °C, the cooling water heats up and quickly evaporates, thereby directly Take away a large amount of the heat of the refrigerant, the unvaporized cooling water and each heat exchange plate convectively exchange heat and heat up and drop to the upper part of the cooling packing layer below, and the cooling water follows the surface of the cooling packing layer from top to bottom under the action of gravity A thin water film is formed. Since the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the ambient temperature, the water vapor on the surface of the water film is in a supersaturated state to form atomization, and the atomized water vapor is discharged under the action of the fan as latent heat. The unvaporized higher temperature cooling water conducts convective heat exchange with the cooling packing layer and radiative heat exchange with the air; as the cooling water sinks along the cooling packing layer, the temperature gradually decreases, and finally all the heat passes through The fan is discharged into the atmosphere; the cooling water with lower temperature after cooling down evenly drops to the upper surface of the cooling water tank along the bottom surface of the cooling packing layer to complete a water circulation process.

Second, the cooling mode of the air-cooled heat exchanger

Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected with the b end, and the c end is connected with the d end; The air outlet of the machine is sprayed out, enters through the a end of the four-way valve and exits through the b end, and then enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve through the second refrigerant steam main pipe. The circulating air on the surface of the heater exchanges heat, and the refrigerant vapor cools and liquefies to cool down. After the heat exchange and temperature rise, the hot air is discharged into the outdoor atmosphere through the fan; After the valve enters the liquid storage tank, the low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter, and then enters through the h end and g end of the economizer, and then is throttled through the first expansion valve to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant and reduce the temperature; after throttling The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters from the j-end and k-end of the multi-unit indoor unit through the second one-way valve, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant passage in the multi-unit indoor unit. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into a Refrigerant vapor, which enters through the d end of the four-way valve and exits at the c end, passes through the gas-liquid separator, and enters the air return port of the compressor for compression to complete a refrigerant cycle process.

In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan is given priority to start the compressor, and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is in a standby state; due to the action of the fan, the inside of the unit is in a negative pressure state, and the ambient air enters the unit through the ventilation grille and exchanges with the air-cooled heat exchanger. Heat, the refrigerant is cooled, liquefied and cooled, and the air is heated to take away the heat of the refrigerant, which is discharged through the exhaust port and transferred to the atmosphere.

3. Defrosting mode of air-cooled heat exchanger

Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected with the b end, and the c end is connected with the d end; The air outlet of the machine is sprayed out, enters through the a end of the four-way valve, and exits through the b end, and then enters the air-cooled heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve through the second refrigerant steam main pipe, and the refrigerant steam and the ice on the surface of the air-cooled heat exchanger. (frost) heat exchange, refrigerant vapor is cooled, liquefied and cooled down, ice (frost) and the refrigerant vapor in the air-cooled heat exchanger exchange heat and heat up, part of it becomes steam through the natural flow of air and diffuses into the outdoor atmosphere, and most of the ice melts into water Return to the cooling water tank. The condensed low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, and then enters the liquid storage tank through the first one-way valve. After being discharged, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant are reduced by throttling through the first expansion valve; the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant after throttling passes through the second one-way valve from the j-end and k-ends of the multi-unit indoor unit and exits in the multi-unit indoor unit. The refrigerant passage in the unit exchanges heat with the indoor air, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor enters and exits through the d-end and c-end of the four-way valve, and then enters the compressor through the gas-liquid separator. After returning to the air port, it is compressed to complete a refrigerant cycle process; when the ambient temperature is low, the third solenoid valve is opened, and part of the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid flowing through the drying filter passes through the second expansion valve and enters the e-end of the economizer. , F end, this part of the refrigerant liquid and the refrigerant liquid entering the h end of the economizer and the refrigerant liquid exiting the g end undergo heat absorption and heating and vaporization, and the refrigerant vapor returns to the enthalpy increasing port of the compressor after passing through the third solenoid valve.

In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan is turned off, and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is in a standby state.

Fourth, the heating mode of the air-cooled heat exchanger

Refrigerant flow: the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the second solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected with the d end, and the b end is connected with the c end; The a-end of the through valve enters and the d-end exits from the k-end and j-end of the multi-unit indoor unit, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant passage in the multi-unit indoor unit. After heat exchange, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is condensed into The medium temperature and medium pressure liquid refrigerant, the liquid refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank after passing through the third one-way valve, and the medium temperature and medium pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and is divided into two paths: the first path enters through the h end of the economizer, The second path is throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve, and then enters through the e-end and f-end of the economizer; the two refrigerants exchange heat in the economizer; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the first path is in the economizer. The cooling medium is further condensed and cooled in the first expansion valve, and then throttling and decompression through the first expansion valve to form a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant; It exchanges heat with the circulating air that flows through the surface of the heat exchanger, and the liquid refrigerant heats up and vaporizes into refrigerant steam. After passing through the second refrigerant steam main pipe and the second solenoid valve, it enters through the b end of the four-way valve and exits through the c end. After passing through the gas-liquid separator, it enters the air return port of the compressor and is compressed to complete the main cycle of the refrigerant; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant in the second channel is throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve, and then further heated and vaporized in the economizer. , form medium-temperature and low-pressure steam; the medium-temperature and low-pressure steam returns to the enthalpy increasing port of the compressor through the third solenoid valve to complete an auxiliary enthalpy increasing cycle.

In this mode, the water pump is turned off, the fan is given priority to start the compressor, and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is in a standby state; due to the action of the fan, the inside of the unit is in a negative pressure state, and the ambient air enters the unit through the ventilation grille and exchanges with the air-cooled heat exchanger. Heat, the refrigerant liquid is vaporized to heat up, the air releases heat to cool down, and is discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge port to realize the heat pump heating function of the air-cooled heat exchanger.

5. Heating mode of evaporative cooling heat exchanger

In this mode, the water supply port of the water tank is switched to the industrial waste heat and wastewater port.

Refrigerant flow: the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve is opened, the a end of the four-way valve is connected with the d end, and the b end is connected with the c end; The a-end of the through valve enters and the d-end exits from the k-end and j-end of the multi-unit indoor unit, and exchanges heat with the indoor air in the refrigerant passage in the multi-unit indoor unit. After heat exchange, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is condensed into The medium temperature and medium pressure liquid refrigerant, the liquid refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank after passing through the third one-way valve, and the medium temperature and medium pressure liquid refrigerant continues to pass through the drying filter and is divided into two paths: the first path enters through the h end of the economizer, The second path is throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve, and then enters through the e-end and f-end of the economizer; the two refrigerants exchange heat in the economizer; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant of the first path is in the economizer. The cooling medium is further condensed and cooled in the first expansion valve, and then throttling and decompression through the first expansion valve to form a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant; After exchanging heat with the industrial waste heat and wastewater flowing through the surface of the heat exchanger, the liquid refrigerant heats up and vaporizes into refrigerant steam, and then passes through the first refrigerant steam main pipe and the first solenoid valve, and enters through the b end and c end of the four-way valve. After passing through the gas-liquid separator, it enters the air return port of the compressor for compression to complete the main cycle process of the refrigerant; the medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid refrigerant in the second path is throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve, and further in the economizer Heat up and vaporize to form medium-temperature and low-pressure steam; the medium-temperature and low-pressure steam returns to the enthalpy increasing port of the compressor through the third solenoid valve to complete an auxiliary enthalpy increasing cycle.

In this mode, the fan is turned off, and the water pump is given priority to start the compressor; the industrial waste heat and wastewater are evenly distributed on the surface of each heat exchange plate, the liquid refrigerant is vaporized to heat up, the hot water releases heat to cool down, and is discharged through the sewage discharge pipe through the sewage solenoid valve to realize the water source. type heating function.

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the unit does not include a multi-connected indoor unit 12, and the unit is connected to an indoor heat exchanger (water machine); the indoor heat exchanger It includes an outdoor side heat exchange part 13 and an indoor side heat exchange part; the outdoor side heat exchange part 13 communicates with the indoor side heat exchange part through a refrigerant (cooling water) channel; the outdoor side heat exchange part 13 also includes a The refrigerant heat exchange channel for heat exchange of the refrigerant (cooling water) channel; the refrigerant heat exchange channel has an m end and an n end, and the m end and the n end respectively replace the j end and k end of the multi-unit indoor unit 12 and the total refrigerant operation. 6 connections; the outdoor side heat exchange part 13 is arranged in the equipment room in the unit.

In a self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling and heat pump module unit of this embodiment, during heat exchange, the refrigerant in the refrigerant operation assembly enters the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the outdoor heat exchange part and the cooling medium in the refrigerant carrier channel. The refrigerant (cooling water) is used for heat exchange, and the refrigerant (cooling water) is transported to the indoor heat exchange part for heat exchange with the indoor air.

The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger is characterized in that: comprises a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along the direction vertical to the evaporation heat exchange surface; each heat exchange plate comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-shaped structure formed by vertically arranging a plurality of horizontal sections of the condensing tubes, two ends of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes are connected through bent sections of the condensing tubes to form at least one refrigerant condensing channel, two surfaces of the plate-shaped structure form evaporation heat exchange surfaces, and the horizontal sections of two adjacent condensing tubes are connected without gaps, so that the evaporation heat exchange surfaces are continuous and in a concave-convex shape; a cooling pipe is also arranged above the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; a water distribution groove is also arranged between the cooling pipe and the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; both sides of the water distribution tank are provided with water distribution microporous plates; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe, and the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe, so that the water distribution tank is fixed between the cooling pipe and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integral structure; the cooling pipe is provided with a plurality of rows of water outlet holes which are communicated with the water distribution tank and used for uniformly injecting water into the water distribution tank; the water distribution tank is used for overflowing water injected by the cooling pipe through the water distribution microporous plate by the self gravity of the water and uniformly distributing the water on the surface of the evaporation heat exchange plate to form a water curtain; the outer side of the evaporation heat exchange surface is also connected with an anti-flying water net which is laid on the surface of the evaporation heat exchange plate and is connected with the horizontal section of each condensing tube, the top end of the anti-flying water net is connected with the tube wall of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing tube, and the bottom end of the anti-flying water net is connected with the tube wall of the horizontal section of the lowermost condensing tube, so that the water distribution microporous plate and the anti-flying water net form a complete plate surface.

2. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporative cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange plate comprises a plurality of heat exchange units; the heat exchange units are vertically arranged, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected through bent sections of the condensing pipes, so that respective refrigerant condensing channels are correspondingly communicated; the top of a cooling pipe in the heat exchange unit positioned at the lower side in the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section of the condensation pipe at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit positioned at the upper side; the bottom end of the anti-splashing net of each heat exchange unit is replaced by a pipe wall connected with the adjacent cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the lower side.

3. A self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger as recited in claim 2, wherein: in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the lower side is smaller than that of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the upper side, so that the heat exchange areas of the evaporation heat exchange surfaces of the heat exchange units are gradually reduced from top to bottom; the number of the water outlet holes of the cooling pipes in the heat exchange unit on the lower side is smaller than that of the water outlet holes of the cooling pipes on the upper side, and the water distribution requirements of the evaporation heat exchange surfaces corresponding to the heat exchange areas are met.

4. A self-spraying water curtain evaporative cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the connection mode of the cooling pipe, the water distribution groove and the water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced by: a water distribution groove is arranged above the cooling pipe, water distribution micro-porous plates are arranged on two sides of the water distribution groove, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the lowest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling pipe is connected with the top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe in the heat exchange unit; correspondingly, in the heat exchange unit positioned on the lower side, the top end of the anti-splashing net is replaced by being connected with the pipe wall of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange unit, and the bottom end of the anti-splashing net is replaced by being connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the lowest condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit.

5. The utility model provides a cold heat pump module unit is evaporated to self-spraying water curtain formula which characterized in that: the evaporative cooling heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a refrigerant steam inlet arranged at the top end of a refrigerant condensing channel of each heat exchange plate in the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and a refrigerant liquid outlet arranged at the bottom end of the refrigerant condensing channel; one end of the cooling pipe of the heat exchange plate is provided with a cooling water inlet; refrigerant steam inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant steam collecting pipe, refrigerant liquid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe, and cooling water inlets of cooling pipes of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a cooling collecting pipe; the cooling system is characterized in that the refrigerant vapor collecting pipe is also connected with a first refrigerant vapor main pipe, the refrigerant liquid collecting pipe is also connected with a first refrigerant liquid main pipe, and the cooling collecting pipe is also connected with a cooling main pipe.

6. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporation cold heat pump module unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the air-cooled heat exchanger and the refrigerant running assembly are also included; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the air cooling heat exchanger are connected in parallel and then are connected with the refrigerant operation assembly; the refrigerant operation assembly is used for operating a refrigerant to exchange heat in an evaporative cooling heat exchanger or an air cooling heat exchanger; the air-cooled heat exchanger is connected with a second refrigerant steam main pipe and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe; the first refrigerant steam main pipe and the second refrigerant steam main pipe are connected in parallel and then connected with the refrigerant operation assembly, and the first refrigerant liquid main pipe and the second refrigerant liquid main pipe are connected in parallel and then connected with the refrigerant operation assembly; the first refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, and the second refrigerant steam main pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve.

7. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporation cold heat pump module unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the unit also comprises a water tank; a water pump is arranged in the water tank; the water outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the cooling main pipe and is used for sending cooling water in the water tank into the evaporative cooling heat exchanger through the cooling main pipe; the water tank is also provided with a water replenishing port; the bottom of the water tank is also connected with a sewage discharge pipe; a sewage discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe; and a cooling filler layer is also arranged between the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the water tank and is used for cooling the unevaporated water dropping from the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and discharging the unevaporated water into the water tank.

8. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporation cold heat pump module unit as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the refrigerant operation assembly comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a first one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, an economizer, a first expansion valve, a second one-way valve, a gas-liquid separator, a third electromagnetic valve, a second expansion valve, a third one-way valve and a fourth one-way valve; the unit also comprises a multi-connected indoor unit; the compressor is provided with an air outlet, an air return port and an enthalpy increasing port; the four-way valve is provided with an a end, a b end, a c end and a d end; the economizer is provided with an e end, an f end, a g end and an h end, wherein the e end is communicated with the f end in the economizer, and the g end is communicated with the h end in the economizer; the multi-connected indoor unit is provided with a j end and a k end, and the j end and the k end are two ports of a refrigerant channel of the multi-connected indoor unit;

the system comprises a compressor, a gas outlet of the compressor, an end a and an end b of a four-way valve, a pipeline formed by connecting a first refrigerant steam main pipe/a second refrigerant steam main pipe in parallel, a first refrigerant steam main pipe and a first electromagnetic valve of an evaporative cooling heat exchanger, a first refrigerant liquid main pipe, a first one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, an h end and a g end of an economizer, a first expansion valve, a second one-way valve, a j end and a k end of a multi-connected indoor unit, a d end and a c end of the four-way valve, a gas-liquid separator and a gas return port of the compressor, wherein the gas outlet of the;

the air outlet of the compressor, the ends a and b of the four-way valve, a pipeline formed by connecting the first refrigerant steam main pipe/the second refrigerant steam main pipe in parallel, a second refrigerant steam main pipe and a second electromagnetic valve of the air-cooled heat exchanger and a second refrigerant liquid main pipe, a first one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, the h end and the g end of an economizer, a first expansion valve, a second one-way valve, the j end and the k end of a multi-connected indoor unit, the d end and the c end of the four-way valve, a gas-liquid separator and the air return port of the compressor are sequentially communicated to form a second refrigeration operation channel;

the system comprises a compressor, a first refrigerant steam main pipe, a first solenoid valve, a second refrigerant steam main pipe, a first solenoid valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas return port of the compressor, a gas outlet of the compressor, an a end and a d end of a four-way valve, a k end and a j end of a multi-connected indoor unit, a third one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, an h end and a g end of an economizer, the first expansion valve, a fourth one-way valve, a first refrigerant liquid main pipe/second refrigerant liquid main pipe parallel pipeline, a first refrigerant liquid main pipe of an evaporative cooling heat exchanger, the first refrigerant steam main pipe and a;

the air outlet of the compressor, the a end and the d end of the four-way valve, the k end and the j end of the multi-connected indoor unit, the third one-way valve, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the h end and the g end of the economizer, the first expansion valve, the fourth one-way valve, a pipeline formed by connecting the first refrigerant liquid main pipe/the second refrigerant liquid main pipe in parallel, the second refrigerant liquid main pipe, the second refrigerant steam main pipe and the second electromagnetic valve of the air-cooling heat exchanger, the b end and the c end of the four-way valve, the gas-liquid separator and the air return port of the compressor are sequentially communicated to form a second heating operation channel;

in the first heating operation channel and the second heating operation channel, an outlet of the drying filter, the second expansion valve, an e end and an f end of the economizer, the third electromagnetic valve and an enthalpy-increasing port of the compressor are communicated in sequence to form an auxiliary enthalpy-increasing loop; and an internal channel between the e end and the f end in the economizer exchanges heat with an internal channel between the h end and the g end.

9. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporation cold heat pump module unit as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the unit also comprises a shell, and a ventilation opening is formed in the top of the shell; a fan is arranged in the ventilation opening; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the cooling filler layer are sequentially arranged below the fan; the air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged on the outer side of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger; the water tank is arranged below the evaporative cooling heat exchanger and the air-cooling heat exchanger, and the side wall of the shell corresponding to the air-cooling heat exchanger is also provided with a ventilation grating; a water-stop sheet is also arranged between the fan and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger; an equipment chamber is also arranged below the water tank in the machine shell; the refrigerant operation assembly is installed in the equipment room, and the equipment room is also internally provided with an electric cabinet for controlling the fan, the water pump, the compressor, the four-way valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve.

10. The self-spraying water curtain type evaporation cold heat pump module unit as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein: the unit does not comprise a multi-connected indoor unit, and is connected with the indoor heat exchanger; the indoor heat exchanger comprises an outdoor heat exchanging part and an indoor heat exchanging part; the outdoor heat exchange part is communicated with the indoor heat exchange part through a cold-carrying agent channel; the outdoor heat exchange part also comprises a refrigerant heat exchange channel for exchanging heat with the secondary refrigerant channel; the refrigerant heat exchange channel is provided with an m end and an n end, and the m end and the n end are respectively connected with the refrigerant operation assembly instead of the j end and the k end of the multi-connected indoor unit.

Images