CN111471941B - High-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for new energy automobile driving motor rotor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for new energy automobile driving motor rotor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 39
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor with yield strength of 600MPa and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si: 2.80% -3.50%; mn: 0.35 to 0.65 percent; p: 0.0040-0.0100%; and Als: 0.50% -0.80%; sn or Sb: 0.01 to 0.15 percent; two element contents of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V: 0.05 percent to 0.55 percent; c + S + O + N: less than or equal to 100ppm, and the content of each element is less than or equal to 25 ppm; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; through optimization of components and process design, the magnetic property of the prepared high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the new energy automobile driving motor rotor meets the magnetic induction intensity B50001.66 to 1.71T, P10/40022.6-30.4W/kg, yield strength Rp0.2The strength is 620-720 MPa, the yield strength reaches over 600MPa, the tensile strength Rm is 740-840 MPa, the elongation A is 16-22%, and the requirement of a user on the high strength of the new energy automobile driving motor rotor can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silicon steel production, and particularly relates to high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The electrical steel mainly comprises two types of electrical steel with very low carbon content and silicon content of less than 0.5 percent and silicon steel with silicon content of 0.5 to 6.5 percent, is mainly used for iron cores of various motors, transformers, generators and the like, and is an indispensable important soft magnetic alloy material in electric power, electronics, military industry and vehicles. In the fields of compressor motors, servo motors, industrial motors, generators and the like, the magnetic performance of non-oriented silicon steel is required to be higher, and low iron loss and high magnetic steel silicon steel are main targets pursued by the magnetic performance of the non-oriented silicon steel.
Different motor processing and assembling modes also provide different requirements for the mechanical properties of non-oriented silicon steel, in the field of wound motor processing, the non-oriented silicon steel sheet is expected to have lower hardness and larger elongation, and in the field of industrial motors and generators, the non-oriented silicon steel sheet is expected to have higher hardness, so that the deformation loss of the silicon steel sheet in the assembling process is reduced, and the requirements of the lamination equipment process are met. With the rapid development in the fields of new energy automobile driving motors, micromotors and the like, particularly high-efficiency driving motors, low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel is required for manufacturing stators of iron cores, the non-oriented silicon steel material used for rotors needs to meet the requirement of high-speed rotation and obtain high torque, and particularly for driving motors used for high-end passenger vehicles, the production of high-speed rotors not only requires that the used non-oriented silicon steel has good low-iron-loss and high-magnetic-induction performance, but also provides higher requirements for strength.
Yield strength R under traditional thin-specification high-grade non-oriented silicon steel producteLTypical value range 400-mThe typical value range of 570-650MPa cannot meet the requirement of high rotating speed of the rotor of the drive motor of part of new energy vehicles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor with yield strength of 600MPa and a manufacturing method thereof, and the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the new energy automobile driving motor rotor finally manufactured in a trial mode meets the magnetic induction intensity B through optimization of components and process design on the basis of fully knowing the requirements of users on the magnetic performance and mechanical property of the non-oriented silicon steel50001.66 to 1.71T, P10/40022.6-30.4W/kg, yield strength Rp0.2620-720 MPa, yield strength of more than 600MPa, tensile strength Rm of 740-840 MPa and elongation A of 16-22%. The non-oriented silicon steel finished product produced by the method meets the high-strength requirement of a user on the new energy automobile driving motor rotor, and compared with the rotor produced by the conventional non-oriented silicon steel product, the produced automobile generator can stably run at 18000r/min, and the stable running rotating speed is increased by more than 15%.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si: 2.80% -3.50%; mn: 0.35 to 0.65 percent; p: 0.0040-0.0100%; and Als: 0.50% -0.80%; sn or Sb: 0.01 to 0.15 percent; the sum of the contents of any two elements of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V: 0.05 percent to 0.55 percent; c + S + O + N: less than or equal to 100ppm, and the content of each element is less than or equal to 25 ppm; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
Further, when any two elements of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V are added simultaneously, the ratio of the two elements is 1: 1.
Of the above components, Si, Mn and Als: the three are elements controlled in a certain range according to proportion, and the iron loss P is increased along with the increase of the total amount of the three1.0/400The performance is obviously improved, the strength of the finished silicon steel product is increased, but the magnetic induction B5000The performance may deteriorate. According to the invention, through the balanced design of Si, Mn and Als alloy components, the iron loss is reduced, and the purpose of improving the mechanical property is achieved.
Sn or Sb:belongs to a grain boundary segregation element, can effectively strengthen the coarsening of (100) components and crystal grains and hinder the formation of (111) recrystallization crystal nuclei, is beneficial to magnetization, thereby improving the magnetism and increasing the magnetic induction intensity. In order to make up the influence of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V microalloy elements on the magnetic induction performance of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel, one element of Sn and Sb is added, and the magnetic induction B is achieved after full annealing5000The requirement of more than or equal to 1.66T, and the improvement of the magnetic induction performance is obvious by adding a proper amount of grain boundary segregation elements.
Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V: belongs to solid solution strengthening elements, and a large amount of fine and stable C-compound and N-compound impurities can be formed when the content is increased, so that the grain growth in the annealing process is hindered. The content of C and N is effectively controlled, a proper amount of any two elements of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V are dissolved in a solid solution, the proportion is added according to the ratio of 1:1, the {111} plane texture is enhanced, the strength of the non-oriented silicon steel for the new energy automobile driving motor rotor is improved through the synergistic effect of two solid solution strengthening elements, and the purpose of improving the mechanical property of the non-oriented silicon steel is achieved.
C. S, O and N: all harmful elements generate magnetic aging when the content of C exceeds 0.0025 percent, which causes the iron loss deterioration of the silicon steel in the long-term use process, and simultaneously, the C compound is combined with solid solution strengthening elements to form C compounds, which hinders the growth of crystal grains and the strength improvement; when S and N exceed 0.0025%, a large amount of MnS and Cu are generated2S, AlN and the like are mixed, so that the growth of crystal grains is inhibited, and the influence on the magnetic conductivity of the silicon steel is large; when O exceeds 0.0025%, a large amount of Al is generated2O3Impurities affect the magnetic performance of the silicon steel.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the drive motor of the new energy automobile with the yield strength of 600MPa, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon by an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then putting into an RH furnace for vacuum degassing and H-determined refining, and adding alloying elements required by a formula amount target for alloying treatment;
(2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a casting blank with the thickness of 210-280 mm;
(3) heating the continuously cast plate blank by a heating furnace and then carrying out hot rolling;
(4) carrying out cold rolling on the hot rolled plate after the normalized pickling, wherein the target thickness of the hot rolled plate is 0.27-0.35 mm through one-time cold rolling;
(5) carrying out high-temperature rapid annealing by a continuous annealing furnace, and growing the crystal grains of the non-oriented silicon steel strip;
(6) coating insulating paint to form an insulating coating.
Further, in the step 1), RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, H is determined after vacuum degassing, and the content of H in the molten steel is required to be less than or equal to 2 ppm. Under the process condition, the content of N and H in molten steel components is controlled to be lower, the magnetic performance of a finished product is excellent, and the cold rolling process is smooth. When the vacuum degree is more than 100Pa or the vacuum degassing time is less than 20min, the content of N and H in molten steel is high, a large amount of N-compound impurities are generated in finished steel, the magnetic property is deteriorated, the increase of the content of H can cause the cold brittleness problem of the steel, and the edge part cracks or breaks the strip during cold rolling.
In the step 2), the drawing speed is controlled to be 0.9 m/min-1.2 m/min, and the superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled to be 15-30 ℃. When the pulling speed is lower than 0.9m/min, the production efficiency is low, the utilization rate of equipment is reduced, and the production cost is increased; when the drawing speed exceeds 1.2m/min, the cooling process in the continuous casting process is complex, the length of a casting blank liquid core is increased, and the risk of steel leakage of the crystallizer is easily caused. The low superheat degree control can ensure the smooth continuous casting production process and is beneficial to the control of production energy consumption and the improvement of molten steel quality.
In the step 3), the temperature of the heating furnace is 1100-1150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 140-210 min, and preferably 150-165 min; rough rolling to 25-46 mm, finish rolling to 2.0-2.6 mm, water cooling, cooling to 580-620 deg.c and winding.
In the step 4), the hot rolled plate is normalized by the process of temperature 880-960 ℃ and speed 20-30 m/min;
in the step 4), performing acid washing after shot blasting, wherein the acid washing is performed by using hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 10%, and the acid washing temperature is 78 ℃; the total cold rolling reduction is controlled between 75 percent and 90 percent.
In the step 5), the annealing temperature is 920-980 ℃ and the time is 180-260 s; h2And N2Preparing protective atmosphere according to the proportion of 3: 7; then cooling at a cooling rate of not more than 18 ℃/s toBelow 560 ℃, slow cooling is beneficial to the slow growth of silicon steel crystal grains, and if the cooling speed exceeds 18 ℃/s, mixed crystals can be caused to influence the magnetic performance of finished products.
In the step 6), the curing temperature of the insulating coating is 440-560 ℃, and the time is 30-50 s.
The magnetic induction intensity B of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa produced by the manufacturing method50001.66 to 1.71T, P10/40022.6-30.4W/kg, yield strength Rp0.2620 to 720MPa, yield strength of more than 600MPa, tensile strength Rm of 740 to 840MPa and elongation A5016 to 22 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1) when the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa, which is produced by the method, is used, and the thickness of the product is 0.27-0.35 mm, the magnetic induction intensity B is5000Typical value range is 1.66-1.71T, iron loss P10/400The typical value range is 22.6-30.4W/kg;
2) by adding Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V solid solution strengthening elements, a large amount of fine and stable carbide and nitride impurities can be formed in a high-strength non-oriented silicon steel plate when the content is increased, the grain growth in the annealing process is prevented, a proper amount of any two elements of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V are solid-dissolved by effectively controlling the content of C and N, the proportion is added according to the ratio of 1:1 to enhance the {111} plane texture, the strength of the non-oriented silicon steel for the driving motor rotor of the new energy automobile is improved by the synergistic effect of the two solid solution strengthening elements, the purpose of improving the mechanical property of the non-oriented silicon steel is achieved, and the yield strength Rp of a final product is high0.2Typical value range is 620-720 MPa, yield strength reaches more than 600MPa, typical value range of tensile strength Rm is 740-840 MPa, and elongation A50Typical value range is 16-22%, and compared with conventional product, yield strength Rp0.2And the tensile strength Rm is improved by more than 20 percent;
3) the product is used in the field of high-end passenger vehicles, the rotating speed of the rotor of the manufactured automobile generator keeps 18000r/min stable operation, and the rotating speed of the stable operation is increased by more than 15%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the transverse structure of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the drive motor of the new energy automobile with yield strength of 600MPa in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
In the performance test part of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the drive motor of the new energy automobile with the yield strength of 600MPa, the iron loss P is10/400Specific total loss measured at a frequency of 400Hz of alternating magnetic field and a magnetic polarization strength of 10T; magnetic induction B5000The magnetic polarization strength is measured under the condition that the magnetic field strength is 5000A/m; the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are A50The test specimens were stretched for testing.
Example 1
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of a vacuum degree of 80Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.8 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.0m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 20 ℃, and respectively adopting the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.20 percent; mn: 0.45 percent; p: 0.0050%; and Als: 0.65 percent; sn: 0.06 percent; cr + Nb: 0.16 percent; c + S + O + N: 78ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and the ratio of Cr to Nb is 1: 1;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at 1140 ℃ for 155min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to 2.2mm thickness, cooling to 600 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.30mm, and controlling the total reduction rate of the cold rolling to be 86%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 260s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint by a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality, the metallographic structure diagram of the non-oriented silicon steel is shown in the attached drawing 1, the metallographic structure of the non-oriented silicon steel is ferrite, the grain size grade is 4.0 grade, and the grain size reaches 75 mu m. Magnetic induction B of the finished product50001.68T, iron loss value P10/400Is 28.2W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2670MPa, a tensile strength Rm of 760MPa, an elongation A50The content was 17%. The performance of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product for the new-source automobile driving motor rotor prepared in the embodiment 1 meets the production requirement of a user on a high-rotating-speed rotor, and the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product can stably run under the test condition of the rotating speed of 18000 r/min.
Example 2
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of vacuum degree of 70Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.6 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.1m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 18 ℃, and respectively preparing the plate blank from the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.15 percent; mn: 0.40 percent; p: 0.0055%; and Als: 0.60 percent; sb: 0.08 percent; nb + Ti: 0.12 percent; c + S + O + N: 82ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and the ratio of Nb to Ti is 1: 1;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at 1140 ℃ for 153min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to 2.2mm thickness, cooling to 600 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.27mm, and controlling the total reduction rate of the cold rolling to be 88%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 260s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint by a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality and the magnetic induction intensity B of the finished product50001.67T, iron loss value P10/40026.0W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2680MPa, tensile strength Rm 770MPa, elongation A50The content was 17%. The performance of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product for the new-source automobile driving motor rotor prepared in the embodiment 2 meets the production requirement of a user on a high-rotating-speed rotor, and the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product can stably run under the test condition of the rotating speed of 18000 r/min.
Example 3
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of a vacuum degree of 60Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.5 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.2m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 16 ℃, and respectively preparing the plate blank from the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.25 percent; mn: 0.40 percent; p: 0.0060%; and Als: 0.55 percent; sb: 0.10 percent; ti + Ni: 0.14 percent; c + S + O + N: 78ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and the ratio of Ti to Ni elements is 1: 1;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at the temperature of 1120 ℃ for 163min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to the thickness of 2.2mm, cooling to 600 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.35mm, and controlling the total cold rolling reduction rate to be 84%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 260s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint through a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 520 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality and the magnetic induction intensity B of the finished product50001.68T, iron loss value P10/40029.5W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2660MPa, a tensile strength Rm of 740MPa, an elongation A50The content was 18%. The performance of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product for the new-source automobile driving motor rotor prepared in the embodiment 3 meets the production requirement of a user on a high-rotating-speed rotor, and the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product can stably run under the test condition of the rotating speed of 18000 r/min.
Example 4
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of a vacuum degree of 80Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.8 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.2m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 16 ℃, and respectively preparing the plate blank from the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.05 percent; mn: 0.45 percent; p: 0.0050%; and Als: 0.75 percent; sn: 0.08 percent; ni + V: 0.15 percent; c + S + O + N: 78ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements, and the ratio of the Ni element to the V element is 1: 1;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at the temperature of 1120 ℃ for 160min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to the thickness of 2.2mm, cooling to 580 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.27mm, and controlling the total reduction rate of the cold rolling to be 88%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 260s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint by a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality and the magnetic induction intensity B of the finished product50001.67T, iron loss value P10/40025.6W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2680MPa, tensile strength Rm 760MPa, elongation A50The content was 17%. The performance of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product for the new-source automobile driving motor rotor prepared in the embodiment 4 meets the production requirement of a user on a high-rotating-speed rotor, and the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel product can stably run under the test condition of the rotating speed of 18000 r/min.
Comparative example 1
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of a vacuum degree of 80Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.8 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.0m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 20 ℃, and respectively adopting the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.20 percent; mn: 0.45 percent; p: 0.0050%; and Als: 0.65 percent; cr + Nb: 0.15 percent; c + S + O + N: 78ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at 1140 ℃ for 155min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to 2.2mm thickness, cooling to 600 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.30mm, and controlling the total reduction rate of the cold rolling to be 86%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 280s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint by a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality and the magnetic induction intensity B of the finished product50001.65T, iron loss value P10/40027.0W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2640MPa, tensile strength Rm of 720MPa, elongation A50The content was 18%. High-strength non-oriented silicon steel product B for new source automobile driving motor rotor prepared by adopting practical example 15000The performance can not meet the performance requirement of the motor of the user。
Comparative example 2
A manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a new energy automobile driving motor rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon through an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then refining and alloying in an RH furnace, wherein the RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition of a vacuum degree of 80Pa, determining H after vacuum degassing, and adding various alloying elements according to the component design requirement, wherein the content of H in the molten steel is 1.8 ppm;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 230mm, controlling the drawing speed at 1.0m/min, controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel at 20 ℃, and respectively adopting the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.05 percent; mn: 0.45 percent; p: 0.0050%; and Als: 0.75 percent; sn: 0.08 percent; c + S + O + N: 78ppm, wherein the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
3) subjecting the continuously cast plate blank to a heating furnace at the temperature of 1120 ℃ for 160min, then carrying out 3-pass rough rolling to 33mm, carrying out 7-pass finish rolling to the thickness of 2.2mm, cooling to 580 ℃ after a water cooling process, and coiling;
4) normalizing the hot rolled plate by a process with the temperature of 920 ℃ and the speed of 24m/min, and performing acid cleaning after shot blasting, wherein the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10 percent, and the acid cleaning temperature is 78 ℃; performing primary cold rolling for 5 times until the target thickness is 0.27mm, and controlling the total reduction rate of the cold rolling to be 88%;
5) finally, at 940 ℃, the speed is 105m/min, the in-furnace time is 280s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 18 ℃/s;
6) coating the insulating paint by a coating roller, and curing the insulating paint at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 45 s.
The non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator manufactured by the process has excellent surface quality and the magnetic induction intensity B of the finished product50001.68T, iron loss value P10/400Is 22.6W/kg; yield strength Rp0.2520MPa, tensile strength Rm 640MPa, and elongation A50The content was 20%. By usingThe magnetic performance of the non-oriented silicon steel product prepared in the comparative example 2 meets the production requirements of users, the mechanical property is low, and the produced new energy automobile driving motor rotor cannot stably operate under the test condition of the rotating speed of 15000 r/min.
Comparative example 3
A manufacturing method of a non-oriented silicon steel thin strip for a new energy automobile driving motor specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding molten iron into an RH furnace for refining and alloying treatment, and adding various alloying elements according to a formula;
2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a plate blank with the thickness of 260mm, wherein the plate blank comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.2 percent; and Als: 0.85 percent; mn: 0.2 percent; p: 0.005 percent; sn: 0.01 percent; cu: 0.05 percent; c + S + N + Ti: less than or equal to 80ppm, less than or equal to 25ppm of each element, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
3) the continuously cast plate blank is processed by a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is 1150 ℃ for 210min, then the plate blank is roughly rolled to 33mm by 3 times, is finely rolled to the thickness of 2.0mm by 7 times, and is cooled to 580 ℃ after air cooling and water cooling processes for coiling;
4) the normalizing temperature of the hot rolled plate is 920 ℃, the speed is 30m/min, the hot rolled plate is acid-washed by hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 15 percent after being normalized, and the acid-washing temperature is 75 ℃;
5) performing 6 times of cold rolling until the target thickness is 0.30mm, and controlling the total cold rolling reduction rate between 75 and 90 percent;
6) finally, the temperature is 880 ℃, the speed is 100m/min, the annealing time is 360s, H2And N2Annealing in a protective atmosphere according to the volume ratio of 3: 7;
7) coating insulating paint by a coating roller, curing the insulating paint at 580 ℃, and preparing the non-oriented silicon steel thin strip with excellent high-frequency magnetic performance for the new energy automobile driving motor by the process, wherein the surface quality of the non-oriented silicon steel thin strip is excellent, and the iron loss P of a finished product is1.0/40018.65W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.68T, excellent magnetic performance; yield strength Rp0.2540MPa, tensile strength Rm 650MPa, elongation A50The content was 19%. The thin-specification new energy automobile drive produced by the comparative exampleThe non-oriented silicon steel thin strip for the motor has excellent mechanical property, punching property and insulating coating property, meets the performance requirement of a stator core of a driving motor, but aiming at a high-performance driving motor with the rotor rotating speed of 18000r/min, the mechanical property of the non-oriented silicon steel thin strip of the comparative example can not meet the operating condition requirement of the high-rotating-speed driving motor of a new energy automobile.
Comparative example 4
Otherwise, the same as example 1 except that in the step 1), RH refining is performed for 20min under the condition of the vacuum degree of 200Pa, H is determined after vacuum degassing, the content of H in molten steel is 5.8ppm, and the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel prepared by the comparative example is iron loss P1.0/40031.65W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.66T, yield strength Rp0.2640MPa, tensile strength Rm 760MPa, elongation A5015% of iron loss P1.0/400High performance, elongation A50The processing property requirement can not be met.
Comparative example 5
The other steps are the same as the step 1 except that in the step 2), the drawing speed is controlled to be 1.2m/min, the superheat degree of molten steel is controlled to be 40 ℃, the continuous casting production is carried out by adopting the process, and the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel prepared by the comparative example is the iron loss P1.0/40029.60W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.67T, yield strength Rp0.2620MPa, tensile strength Rm 740MPa, elongation A50The content of the alloy is 17 percent, the magnetic property and the mechanical property meet the design requirements of the invention, but the casting blank has the problems of subcutaneous bubbles, slight cracking and the like, and the cold rolling process has the problem of edge cracking.
Comparative example 6
In the other same example 1 except for the step 3), the casting blank is roughly rolled to 33mm in 3 times and finely rolled to 3.0mm in 7 times, and the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel prepared by the comparative example is the iron loss P1.0/40029.80W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.67T, yield strength Rp0.2625MPa, tensile strength Rm 745MPa, elongation A5017 percent, the magnetic property and the mechanical property meet the design requirements of the invention, but the cold rolling process needs 2 additional passes of rolling, and the cost per ton of steel is obviously increased.
Comparative example 7
Otherwise, the same as example 1, except that in step 5), the hot rolled plate is normalized by the process of 850 ℃ and 30m/min, and the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel prepared by the comparative example is the iron loss P1.0/40032.85W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.65T, yield strength Rp0.2650MPa, tensile strength Rm 770MPa, elongation A5016%, the magnetic property can not meet the design requirement of the invention.
Comparative example 8
Otherwise, the same as example 1, except that in step 6), the cold-rolled sheet is annealed at 880 ℃ and 120m/min, and the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel prepared by the comparative example is iron loss P1.0/40034.85W/Kg, magnetic induction B50001.65T, yield strength Rp0.2655MPa, tensile strength Rm 775MPa and elongation A5016%, the magnetic property can not meet the design requirement of the invention.
The above detailed description of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with yield strength of 600MPa level and the manufacturing method thereof with reference to the embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, and several embodiments can be enumerated according to the limited scope, so that changes and modifications without departing from the general concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si: 2.80% -3.50%; mn: 0.35 to 0.65 percent; p: 0.0040-0.0100%; and Als: 0.50% -0.80%; sn or Sb: 0.01 to 0.15 percent; the sum of the contents of any two elements of Cr, Nb, Ti, Ni and V: 0.05 percent to 0.55 percent; c + S + O + N: less than or equal to 100ppm, and the content of each element is less than or equal to 25 ppm; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
the manufacturing method of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the drive motor of the new energy automobile with the yield strength of 600MPa comprises the following steps:
(1) adding molten iron into a converter for smelting, blowing argon by an argon blowing station to homogenize components, then putting into an RH furnace for vacuum degassing and H-determined refining, and adding alloying elements required by a formula amount target for alloying treatment;
(2) continuously casting molten steel refined by an RH furnace into a casting blank with the thickness of 210-280 mm;
(3) heating the continuously cast plate blank by a heating furnace and then carrying out hot rolling;
(4) carrying out cold rolling on the hot rolled plate after the normalized pickling, wherein the target thickness of the hot rolled plate is 0.27-0.35 mm through one-time cold rolling;
(5) carrying out high-temperature rapid annealing by a continuous annealing furnace, and growing the crystal grains of the non-oriented silicon steel strip;
(6) coating insulating paint to form an insulating coating;
in the step (1), RH refining requires vacuum degassing for 20min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, H is determined after vacuum degassing, and the content of H in molten steel is required to be less than or equal to 2 ppm;
in the step (2), the drawing speed is controlled to be 0.9 m/min-1.2 m/min, and the superheat degree of molten steel is controlled to be 15-30 ℃;
in the step (3), the temperature of the heating furnace is 1100-1150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 140-210 min, the steel is roughly rolled to 25-46 mm, the steel is finely rolled to the thickness of 2.0-2.6 mm, and the steel is cooled to 580-620 ℃ after the water cooling process for coiling;
in the step (4), the hot rolled plate is normalized by the process of temperature 880-960 ℃, speed 20-30 m/min;
in the step (5), the annealing temperature is 920-980 ℃ and the time is 180-260 s; then cooling to below 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of no more than 18 ℃/s;
the metallographic structure of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the new energy automobile driving motor rotor with the yield strength of 600MPa is ferrite, and the yield strength Rp0.2620 to 720MPa, a tensile strength Rm of 740 to 840MPa, an elongation A5016 to 22 percent.
2. The high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), pickling is performed after shot blasting, wherein the pickling is performed by using hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 10%, and the pickling temperature is 78 ℃; the total cold rolling reduction is controlled between 75 percent and 90 percent.
3. The high-strength non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600MPa for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), H2And N2And preparing protective atmosphere according to the ratio of 3: 7.
4. The high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the curing temperature of the insulating coating is 440-560 ℃ and the curing time is 30-50 s.
5. The high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic induction density B of the high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for the rotor of the new energy automobile driving motor with the yield strength of 600MPa is50001.66 to 1.71T, P10/400Is 22.6 to 30.4W/kg.
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| CN114606435A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-06-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-efficiency high-strength non-oriented silicon steel thin strip for automobile driving motor |
| CN117626111A (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2024-03-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof |
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