CN111469260A - A kind of gypsum block prepared by dry production - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gypsum block prepared by dry production. The overall shape of the gypsum block is rectangular, its length is in the range of 300-800mm, the width is in the range of 100-250mm, and the thickness is in the range of 80-250mm, and is characterized in that: The gypsum block is made of 68-76 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum powder as the main material, and 4-8 parts by mass of fiber material, 0.05-0.2 parts by mass of retarder material and 20-25 parts by mass of mixing water are added to mix After stirring evenly, the gypsum board-like material is forced to be extruded by an extruder and formed into a long strip, and then it is obtained by cutting twice. The invention can be used for dry production and preparation of gypsum blocks, and can realize automatic production of assembly lines, and has the advantages of simple preparation materials, simple process, high product strength and high quality, and good process practicability.

Description

A kind of gypsum block prepared by dry production

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial gypsum production and recycling, and in particular relates to a dry production and preparation technology of industrial by-product gypsum blocks.

Background technique

Gypsum, whose main component is calcium sulfate, includes natural gypsum and industrial gypsum. Among them, industrial gypsum, also known as industrial by-product gypsum, is a by-product of some industrial production processes, mainly including phosphogypsum and desulfurized gypsum, of which phosphogypsum accounts for more than half of the industrial by-product gypsum. At present, the cumulative stockpile of industrial by-product gypsum in my country has exceeded 300 million tons, of which phosphogypsum is more than 200 million tons. A large amount of industrial by-product gypsum is piled up, which not only occupies land, but also wastes resources. The acid and other harmful substances contained in it can easily pollute the surrounding environment, which has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of phosphate fertilizer enterprises in my country. At present, the efficiency of development and reuse of industrial by-product gypsum is low, and the comprehensive utilization rate is only about 38%. Therefore, the development of secondary utilization technology of industrial by-product gypsum is still a topic worthy of research.

Industrial by-product gypsum products refer to products such as gypsum blocks, gypsum bricks, gypsum boards, large gypsum wallboards, plastering gypsum and gypsum paper made with industrial by-product gypsum as the main material. Because the industrial by-product waste can be reused, the industrial by-product gypsum product has low production cost, good economic value and great environmental protection significance, and has a relatively wide development and utilization prospect. In particular, gypsum boards (also known as gypsum blocks) and gypsum blocks are widely used in construction, while the existing gypsum blocks and blocks are usually produced by mixing gypsum with water and then pouring into a slurry. The method of production is called wet production or pulp production. In this production method, the product needs to be dried after being formed, the process is more complicated, the energy consumption is high, the energy saving effect is poor, and the obtained product has a low density and poor quality.

The inventor has previously applied for a production process of a fully dry desulfurized gypsum building material product of CN200710092850, and announced that the water in the proportion of crystal water is directly added to anhydrite and hemihydrate gypsum, and the high-pressure method is used to process and form. This process is simpler than wet production, does not require drying, and produces products with higher density and better quality. However, there are still defects such as high requirements for production equipment, complex process and difficult product quality control.

CN201711112428 discloses a gypsum board and a preparation method thereof. In this patent, an extrusion method is used to produce the gypsum board, and the process is relatively simple. However, the gypsum board of this method is obtained by using gypsum powder + various auxiliary materials + resin adhesive, and is obtained by relying on the resin to provide cohesive force for bonding, and the overall strength of the board is low and the quality is poor.

In addition, CN200610127778 once disclosed a method for producing gypsum building products by extrusion process, wherein the gypsum products are produced by adding water with hemihydrate gypsum and then extruding by an extruder, and the process is simpler. However, the patent still has the following defects: 1. The raw material formula in the process method is complex, and in addition to the gypsum powder, filler powder and various additives are also added, which increases the complexity of the process and increases the production cost. 2 This process formula adds filler powder such as fly ash and fine sand, and adds a plasticizer as a coagulation material. If water is mixed and stirred in advance, it will easily cause coagulation reaction and affect the fluidity of the process, so the process is extruded. The mixing water is added at the mouth position, but this will make it difficult for the water to fully mix and react with the hemihydrate gypsum to form dihydrate gypsum, which greatly reduces the product quality. 3 The specific structure of the extruder and the conveying and cutting part device is not disclosed in this process, and the practicability is poor.

In summary, how to provide a technology for dry production of gypsum blocks with simple raw materials, simple process, higher product quality and good practicability has become a problem to be considered and solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a gypsum block prepared by dry production with simple preparation materials, simple technological process, good product strength and high quality, and good process practicability .

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A gypsum block prepared by dry production, the overall shape of the gypsum block is a rectangular body, its length is in the range of 300-800mm, the width is in the range of 100-250mm, and the thickness is in the range of 80-250mm. 68-76 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum powder as the main material, add 4-8 parts by mass of fiber material, 0.05-0.2 parts by mass of retarder material and 20-25 parts by mass of mixing water, mix and stir evenly and then use The extruder is forcibly extruded into a long strip of gypsum board-like material and then cut twice to obtain it.

In this way, the gypsum block is produced by the dry method and formed by extrusion, which is simpler in production process than the slurry method, and the gypsum board produced has high density, good strength and higher quality. At the same time, the gypsum block is simple in materials, does not contain filler powder such as fly ash, fine sand, etc., only a small amount of fiber material is used to improve the flexural strength, avoid the product being too brittle, and a very small amount of retarder is used to adjust the gypsum setting time. Easy to cut. There is no need to add additional coagulating materials in the formula. The main material, hemihydrate gypsum, is converted into dihydrate gypsum after combining with the added mixing water, and the condensation hydration is completed under high pressure. The amount of crystallization water needs to be the same. Hemihydrate gypsum and mixing water are fully stirred and mixed evenly and then forced to be compacted and formed into dihydrate gypsum directly, which can obtain extremely high hardness and strength.

As an optimization, its length is in the range of 380-600mm, the width is in the range of 180-200mm, and the thickness is in the range of 100-200mm.

As an optimization, the fiber material includes 5 parts by mass of pulp fibers and 1 part by mass of glass fibers, wherein the length of the pulp fibers is less than 2 mm and the length of the glass fibers is less than 5 mm.

If the overall proportion of fibers is too high, it will affect the compressive strength of the final product, and if the proportion is too low, the product will have high brittleness and insufficient flexural resistance. At the same time, among the two fiber materials, glass fiber has good strength, but the cost is high, and it will lead to insufficient surface smoothness and roughness of the product, which may even affect the smoothness of product extrusion, while the strength of pulp fiber is relatively low, but the cost is relatively high. Inexpensive and does not affect product surface smoothness. Therefore, more proportion of pulp fiber and less proportion of glass fiber are used in combination, so that the shortcomings of the two can be supplemented and the advantages of the two can be supplemented, which not only reduces the cost, but also ensures the final strength performance and surface smoothness of the product.

As an optimization, the retarder material is a protein retarder, and the proportion is about 0.1 parts by mass.

In this way, the protein-based retarder is specially configured for gypsum coagulation adjustment. Adding about 0.1 parts by mass (0.1%) can just adjust the retardation degree of gypsum, so that it can be extruded into a plate shape from the extruder, and then placed in the form of a plate. The subsequent cutting on the conveying device will not have too high hardness, which is conducive to cutting, and after the cutting is completed, it will be completely coagulated and hydrated to improve the strength of the product.

The above-mentioned gypsum building block is specifically obtained by the following preparation method, which includes the following steps: a. Mixing materials, adding a retarder into mixing water and mixing, and then stirring and mixing hemihydrate gypsum powder, fibrous material and mixing water evenly; b. extruding Forming, adding the mixed raw materials into the extruder, and extruding under the pressure of 2-4 MPa/square centimeter to obtain a continuous gypsum board. The width and thickness of the gypsum board are consistent with the length and thickness of the block. The compression ratio of the extruder is in the range of 2.5:1-3.5:1; c conveying and cutting, the extruded continuous gypsum board is transported forward on the conveying roller table, and the synchronous follow-up cutting method is used to complete the first step of the continuous gypsum board. One horizontal cutting to obtain the broken gypsum board, and then use the static cutting method to cut each broken gypsum board into multiple gypsum blocks that meet the requirements of length, width and height; d. Stack and wait for its hydration reaction to complete to obtain the product.

In this way, the gypsum block product adopts the dry method to produce and extrude the block length and thickness direction dimensions, and then uses two transverse cuttings to obtain the block width direction dimensions. Features of high quality.

As an optimization, the mixing water after adding the retarder is added to the raw materials in two parts. Most of the mixing water is added by spraying during the mixing process of the hemihydrate gypsum powder and the fiber material, and a small part is mixed evenly. The proportion of mixing water is input to the inner cavity of the extrusion head of the extruder through the conveying pipeline, and added to the surface of the gypsum board material.

In this way, most of the mixing water is firstly added and mixed with the hemihydrate gypsum powder by spraying, so that the mixing water can be mixed with the hemihydrate gypsum powder more fully and evenly, while the lack of part of the mixing water can effectively Inhibit the hemihydrate gypsum powder starts to fully hydrate before extrusion to cause coagulation. Then a small part of the mixing water is added at the outlet after the hemihydrate gypsum powder is compacted by the extruder. After adding, the small part of the mixing water can quickly penetrate into the powder under the high pressure of the extruder. Inside the material, supplement the proportion of crystal water. When the material is extruded, the conversion of a part of hemihydrate gypsum to dihydrate gypsum is quickly completed, and the volume of the converted dihydrate gypsum becomes larger, which can squeeze the space and further improve the compactness of the board. At the same time, the small proportion of the mixing water can ensure that the outlet position of the extrusion head has sufficient lubrication effect, so as to ensure the smooth extrusion of the material and the formation of gypsum board. Among them, the respective proportions of the two parts of the mixing water can be verified by experiments to obtain the optimal distribution ratio, but on the whole, the proportion of the mixing water added first is greater than the proportion of the mixing water added at the outlet of the subsequent extrusion head.

As an optimization, step b is realized by means of a double-screw extruder. The double-screw extruder has a horizontally arranged casing, and two extrusion shafts are arranged in parallel in the casing. There is a extrusion motor, which is connected with two extrusion shafts and drives the two extrusion shafts to rotate relative to each other. The rear of the casing is also provided with a material inlet, and the front end of the casing has an extrusion section, the upper and lower ends of the extrusion section. Moving toward the middle in the forward direction, the front end of the extrusion section is connected with a forming section with a horizontal straight cylinder structure and forms an extrusion head, and the position of the extrusion head is provided with a mixing water addition structure, and the mixing water addition structure has a surrounding extrusion head. A water outlet arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner cavity.

In this way, when the double-screw extruder is used, the gypsum powder material mixed with the fiber material and part of the mixed water enters the inner cavity of the shell from the material inlet, and the extruding motor drives the two extruding shafts to rotate relative to each other, extruding the screw on the shaft. The blade stirs the material, drives the material to move forward and provides extrusion force. The material is further fully stirred while moving forward, so that part of the mixing water added in the previous process can be further fully mixed with hemihydrate gypsum. After the material enters the extrusion section at the front end of the shell, the cross-sectional area gradually becomes smaller, and the extrusion force gradually increases. Then the material is extruded into the extrusion head, and the material is combined with another part of the mixing water added in the inner cavity of the extrusion head. This part of the mixing water quickly penetrates into the material under high pressure, and then gradually mixes with the gypsum powder. Combining to generate dense dihydrate gypsum, the shape of the board is extruded by the inner cavity of the straight section of the extrusion head, and the generated board structure continuously enters the conveying roller table for the subsequent cutting process. Therefore, the double-screw extruder can well realize dry extrusion forming of gypsum blocks. Among them, the double-helix structure can provide a strong extrusion force, and at the same time, it has a stirring effect in the process of conveying materials, which can better make the gypsum powder and the part of the mixing water added first to mix evenly and generate a certain amount of preliminary water. After reaching the position of the extrusion head, it combines with another part of the mixing water to rapidly hydrate under high pressure to generate a part of dihydrate gypsum, which greatly improves the quality of the extruded sheet.

Further, the inner cavity of the housing has two cylindrical channels arranged horizontally side by side, the middle parts of the two cylindrical channels are connected, and the two extruding shafts are respectively installed at the axes of the two cylindrical channels, and the extruding shafts are screwed. The outer end of the blade is arranged close to the inner cavity of the cylindrical channel.

In this way, the rotating shaft and the helical blade can better provide the extrusion force to the material and ensure the extrusion effect of the extrusion section and the position of the extrusion head.

Further, the rear ends of the two extruding shafts rotatably pass through the casing, and a pair of mutually meshing transmission gears are fixed on the parts of the two extruding shafts that pass through the casing, and the extrusion motors are installed outside the rear end of the casing and Connect with any extrusion shaft.

In this way, only one extruding motor can drive the two shafts to rotate relative to each other synchronously, and the structure is simple and reliable.

Further, the material inlet is located at the rear of the casing close to the rear end, and is located in the middle of the two extrusion shafts.

In this way, when the material falls into the middle of the two extrusion shafts, it is beneficial to be dispersed by the two extrusion shafts and then transported forward, and it is also beneficial to be further stirred evenly by the spiral blades on the two extrusion shafts.

Further, the upper end of the material inlet is butted with a feeding funnel whose large diameter end is upward. This is convenient and better to achieve feeding.

Further, a top cover is arranged on the upper part of the feeding funnel to form a closed structure, and one side of the top cover is provided with an extension section extending horizontally outward, the outer end of the extension section is open, and the upper end of the feeding funnel is also connected with a metering and conveying mechanism. The output end of the metering conveying mechanism enters the interior of the top cover from the extension section.

In this way, the metering and conveying mechanism can realize the metering input of the material, thereby realizing the continuous production of the assembly line, and the top cover structure provided at the same time can prevent the volatilization of dust when the powder material falls.

Further, the metering and conveying mechanism is an automatic metering conveyor belt. It has the advantages of simple structure and better metering control of input materials.

Further, the mixing water adding structure includes a first water outlet located at the front of the inner cavity of the extrusion section and a second water outlet located in the inner cavity of the forming section at the front end of the extrusion section, the first water outlet and the second water outlet are both. There are multiple arranged in the circumferential direction.

In this way, the mixing water entering first through the first water outlet can have more time to penetrate into the interior of the material, better mix with the internal hemihydrate gypsum powder under high pressure and gradually generate crystal water, while the water entering the second water outlet While the mixing water plays the role of supplementing crystal water, it also has a lubricating effect on the surface of the inner cavity of the forming section that bears the maximum pressure, so that the gypsum board can be smoothly extruded. At the same time, the second water outlet can ensure that the gypsum board has sufficient mixing water at the moment of extrusion and the hemihydrate gypsum on the surface of the gypsum board reacts to generate a part of dihydrate gypsum, so that the surface shell of the gypsum board can have sufficient hardness after extrusion. In order to facilitate forming, facilitate subsequent cutting and stacking. In the interior of the gypsum board, it is necessary to wait for a period of time for the internal mixing water to fully diffuse to various positions to complete the hydration, so that the hemihydrate gypsum in all parts of the gypsum board is converted into dihydrate gypsum to obtain the final product. Therefore, the arrangement of the two water outlets can better shape the gypsum board and improve the product quality.

Further, the taper of the inner cavity of the first half of the extrusion section is increased, and the first water outlet is located at the position where the taper of the inner cavity of the extrusion section is increased.

In this way, the taper of the inner cavity of the first half of the extrusion section is increased to form a pressure concentration position, and the pressure suddenly increases after the powder is transported, so that the mixing water entering the inner cavity from this position can be better fully under the action of pressure. Penetrates into the powder.

Further, the front half of the extrusion section is provided with a water interlayer, the front end of the water interlayer is opened to form a first water outlet, and a first water inlet joint is connected to the outside of the water interlayer.

In this way, it is more convenient for the first water outlet to flow forward, and the powder material can be prevented from entering the water outlet pipe from the water outlet.

Further, a second water inlet joint is connected to the outside of the forming section, and the second water inlet joint is communicated with the second water outlet. In this way, it is convenient for the second water inlet connector to enter the water.

Further, the outlet directions of the first water outlet and the second water outlet are set obliquely forward so that the water flows forward. This can better facilitate the water to move forward and prevent powder from entering the inside of the water outlet.

Further, both side walls at the outlet of the first water outlet and the second water outlet are in a figure-eight shape that expands from the rear to the front. This can better expand the water outlet area, so that the mixing water and materials can be fully combined.

Further, the water outlet ratio of the first water outlet is greater than the water outlet ratio of the second water outlet. In this way, more mixing water first comes out from the first water outlet and contacts with the powder to better penetrate into the powder, and a small amount of water from the second water outlet can keep the surface of the inner cavity of the forming section lubricated to facilitate the extrusion of the plate, and at the same time make the plate It suffices that the water content of the surface layer is sufficient to form sufficient hardness.

Further, the inside of the extrusion port is also provided with a core mold structure, the core mold structure includes an inner core horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the extrusion port, the rear end of the inner core is fixed on a vertically arranged cage, and the cage is installed and fixed on the outer shell around it. on the inner cavity of the extrusion segment.

In this way, the inner cavity of the gypsum board is formed by the inner core, so that the gypsum board forms a hollow structure, which can better produce the effect of heat insulation and heat preservation as a building material.

Further, the rear part of the inner core is located in the extrusion section and is in the shape of a truncated cone with an end face diameter increasing forward, and the front part of the inner core is located in the forming section and has a straight cylindrical shape.

In this way, the truncated cone at the rear of the inner core can cooperate with the extrusion section, increasing the tendency of the space section of the inner cavity of the extrusion section to narrow forward, further increasing the pressure concentration in this area, which is more conducive to the mixing entering here. Water quickly penetrates into the material under high pressure, and can better combine with hemihydrate gypsum to form dihydrate gypsum, which can better improve the compactness of the board and the uniformity of quality.

As an optimization, step c is realized by the conveying system. The conveying system includes a conveying frame. The upper surface of the conveying frame is provided with a number of conveying rollers at intervals to form a conveying roller table. A synchronous follow-up cutting device and a static cutting device are sequentially arranged on the frame along the advancing direction; the synchronous follow-up cutting device includes a follow-up gantry horizontally erected above the conveying frame, and a follow-up gantry is arranged between the follow-up gantry and the conveying frame. Longitudinal translation mechanism, the longitudinal translation mechanism can drive the follow-up gantry to move horizontally along the front and rear directions of the conveyor frame, and the follow-up gantry is also provided with a follow-up cutting device, which is used to complete the horizontal cutting of continuous gypsum boards. The static cutting device includes a static gantry horizontally erected above the conveying frame, and a static cutting device is arranged side by side on the static gantry along the conveying direction, and the static cutting device has a plurality of static cutting devices arranged along the width direction of the conveying frame. Disc cutters are used, and disc cutters for static cutting are evenly spaced along the length of the conveyor frame, and the distance between two adjacent disc cutters for static cutting is the same as the width of the gypsum block. The cutting device is used to complete the secondary transverse cutting of the gypsum board; the conveying roller table between the static cutting device and the synchronous follow-up cutting device is connected with a section of active speed-up conveying roller table, and the conveying roller on the active speed-up conveying roller table is connected with the speed-up motor. And it is used to increase the forward speed of the passing gypsum board.

In this way, the follow-up gantry can rely on the longitudinal translation mechanism to complete the following movement with the conveying roller table, and in the follow-up process, the follow-up cutting device realizes the first transverse cutting of the continuous gypsum board, and the cut gypsum board enters the active The speed is increased after the speed-up conveying roller table, and the adjacent gypsum boards are separated for a certain distance, and then the gypsum boards are successively conveyed by the active speed-up conveying roller table to the bottom of the static gantry, and the second transverse cutting is completed by the static cutting device in the prohibited state. , to obtain gypsum blocks that meet the requirements of length, width and height. Then the gypsum block is pushed out under the static gantry by the next gypsum board, enters the subsequent production line process, and finally completes the stacking hydration. Therefore, the entire production line can realize assembly line production, which greatly improves the production efficiency.

Further, the cross beam on the top of the follow-up gantry is provided with a follow-up cutting mounting seat, and the follow-up cutting mounting seat has a follow-up cutting mounting arm extending downward, and the lower end of the follow-up cutting mounting arm is vertical. A rotatable disc cutter for follow-up cutting is installed in the direction, and space is left between at least one end of the beam and the conveying roller table for accommodating the installation seat for follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting. There is also a motor for follow-up cutting on the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, and the motor for follow-up cutting is connected with the disc cutter for follow-up cutting. The lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting with the lateral translation of the mounting seat, the height of the rotary shaft of the disc cutter for follow-up cutting to the lower edge is larger than the thickness of the gypsum board, so that the lateral translation of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting can drive the circle for follow-up cutting The disc cutter completes the cutting of the gypsum board on the conveyor roller table.

Therefore, during the work, relying on the motor for follow-up cutting to drive the disc cutter for follow-up cutting to rotate, and relying on the lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting to control the lateral translation of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, the continuous plaster on the conveying roller table can be completed. Cutting of the board. It has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable cutting.

Further, spaces for accommodating the mounting seat for the follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for the follow-up cutting are left between the two ends of the cross beam of the follow-up gantry and the conveying roller table.

In this way, when cutting, the mounting seat for follow-up cutting moves in one direction until the disc cutter for follow-up cutting is completely cut off and passes through the gypsum board, and then after the follow-up gantry is reset back, the mounting seat for follow-up cutting Then do the return movement and can achieve the second cut off of the gypsum board. Therefore, one reciprocating motion of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting can realize two cutting actions, making its work more efficient.

Further, the mounting arm for follow-up cutting is arranged below one end of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting along the transverse direction of the conveying roller table, the motor for follow-up cutting is installed above the other end of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, and the output shaft of the motor for follow-up cutting is installed. It is connected with the disc cutter for follow-up cutting through a belt mechanism to realize transmission.

This has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable transmission.

Further, there are two installation arms for follow-up cutting, and the two installation arms for follow-up cutting are arranged side by side at intervals along the front and rear directions of the conveying roller table, and a follow-up arm is rotatably arranged between the two installation arms for follow-up cutting. The rotary shaft of the cutter for cutting, the disc cutter for follow-up cutting is installed on the rotary shaft of the cutter for follow-up cutting, and the output end of the belt mechanism is connected to the rotary shaft of the cutter for follow-up cutting.

In this way, the stable bearing force of the disc cutter for follow-up cutting during cutting can be better ensured, and the stability and reliability of the cutting process can be ensured.

Further, the lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting includes two synchronous pulleys for follow-up cutting arranged on the upper ends of the vertical arms on both sides of the follow-up gantry, any one for follow-up cutting The follow-up cutting on the gantry is connected by a horizontal translation motor, and the two follow-up cutting synchronous pulleys are sleeved with a synchronous belt, which is fixed with the follow-up cutting mounting seat and drives the follow-up cutting mounting seat. Translate laterally on the top beam of the follow-up gantry.

This has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable transmission.

Further, a transverse guide rail for follow-up cutting is provided on the top beam of the follow-up gantry, and the lower end of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting has a part that is slidably snap-fitted with the cross-rail for follow-up cutting. In this way, the stability of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting during lateral translation can be better ensured.

Further, the longitudinal translation mechanism includes a rack fixed horizontally on the conveyor frame, the length of the rack is equal to or greater than the length of the gypsum board, and the longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a longitudinal translation motor installed on the follower gantry. , the output shaft of the longitudinal translation motor is connected with a longitudinal translation gear, and the longitudinal translation gear is meshed with the rack; the longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a roller installed at the lower end of the side arm of the follower gantry, and the roller is supported and matched in the longitudinal direction. On the longitudinal rails on the conveyor frame.

In this way, the support of the follower gantry and the guidance of longitudinal translation are completed by the cooperation of the rollers and the longitudinal guide rails. At the same time, the longitudinal translation motor is used to control the rotation of the longitudinal translation gear on the rack, which can drive the follow-up gantry to move longitudinally along the conveying roller table, and realize the precise control of the synchronous movement with the assembly line, so as to facilitate the follow-up cutting device in the The cutting of gypsum board is stably completed in a relatively static state. It has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable transmission and precise follow-up control.

Further, the longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a telescopic cylinder for reset, which is longitudinally arranged along the conveying roller table, one end of the telescopic cylinder for reset is connected to the conveyor frame, and the other end is connected to the follow-up gantry, and the longitudinal translation is carried out. A one-way transmission mechanism is arranged between the motor output shaft and the longitudinal translation gear, and the one-way transmission mechanism is used to control the follow-up gantry to realize one-way transmission forward along the conveying roller table.

In this way, after the cutting is completed, the telescopic cylinder for reset can be quickly reset to improve work efficiency. In implementation, the telescopic cylinder for reset is preferably an air cylinder, which is quicker and less expensive to reset.

Further, the longitudinal translation mechanism has two sets and is symmetrically installed on both sides of the follower gantry.

In this way, the longitudinal translation process of the follow-up gantry can be ensured to be more stable and reliable.

Further, a section of follower roller table is connected in the conveyor roller table above the longitudinal translation mechanism, and the follower roller table includes a roller seat chute arranged on the conveyor frame in the longitudinal direction, and the length of the roller seat chute is longer than the length of the gypsum board. A number of sliding roller seats are installed in the roller seat chute so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction. A sliding roller seat is installed on the sliding roller seat. A folding connecting rod is hingedly arranged in a rotating manner, and the ends of the folding connecting rods of the adjacent sliding roller bases are hingedly connected to form a longitudinally extending telescopic connecting rod combination; A section of the telescopic link assembly, one end of the telescopic link assembly in the length direction is hinged on the follower gantry, and the other end is hinged on the fixed idler roller seat adjacent to the follower roller table.

In this way, in the process of the follow-up gantry moving forward with the conveying roller table, the sliding roller seat before and after the follow-up gantry is driven by the combination of the telescopic link, and the sliding roller seat in front of the follow-up gantry gradually moves closer, and the rear The distance between the sliding roller seats is gradually elongated, and all of them can achieve stable support for the gypsum board above. At the same time, what is more important is that the structure can make the follower gantry move forward and the rollers below it no longer maintain a relative motion state, but change to a relatively static state. In this way, when the follow-up cutting device on the follow-up gantry works, the disc cutter for follow-up cutting can avoid the problem of interference with the idler, and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting can cut downwards beyond the lower surface of the gypsum board. It can cut the gypsum board more efficiently and reliably, and improve the cutting quality of the gypsum board.

Further, each sliding roller seat is hingedly provided with two foldable links vertically rotatably, and the two foldable links are arranged in an X-shape in an X-shape.

The telescopic link combination composed in this way is more stable and reliable in the telescopic movement process.

Further, the follow-up roller table also includes two follow-up rollers arranged in the front and rear of the follow-up gantry, the follow-up roller is installed on the follow-up roller seat, and the follow-up roller seat is slidably installed in the roller seat chute. And it is fixedly connected with the follow-up gantry, and the follow-up cutting disc cutter of the follow-up cutting device is arranged in the middle of the space between the two follow-up rollers.

In this way, the two follower roller bases follow the follower gantry to move back and forth, so that when the follower cutting is cut with a disc cutter, it can stably support the front and rear ends of the gypsum board at the cutting position, and better ensure the cutting stability. .

As an optimization, a static cutting mounting seat is arranged on the beam at the top of the static gantry, and two static cutting mounting arms extending downward are arranged on the static cutting mounting seat at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor frame. A rotating shaft of a static cutting knife is rotatably arranged between the lower ends of the mounting arms for cutting, and a plurality of said disc cutters for static cutting are installed on the rotating shaft of the cutting knife for static cutting. There is space between the roller tables to accommodate the static cutting mounting seat and the static cutting disc cutter. The static cutting mounting seat is also provided with a static cutting motor, a static cutting motor and a static cutting disc cutter. Transmission connection, the top of the static gantry is also provided with a lateral translation mechanism for the static cutting mounting seat, which is used to drive the static cutting mounting seat lateral translation. Cutting of drywall.

In this way, the gypsum board can be cut into a plurality of gypsum blocks at one time by means of the static cutting device, which has the characteristics of simple structure and stable and reliable cutting.

As an optimization, the static gantry is also installed with a downward limit telescopic device at one end of the exit. The telescopic rod of the limit telescopic device can be extended downward and can enter the forward path of the strip (block) to form a limit. bit.

In this way, after the slats enter under the static gantry, they can be accurately limited by the telescopic device used for limiting, so as to ensure the precision control of static cutting. After the cutting is completed, the telescopic rod of the limit telescopic device is retracted upward, so that the cut blocks can continue to enter the front of the assembly line. Intermittent assembly line production is realized.

To sum up, the present invention can be used for dry production and preparation of gypsum blocks, and can realize automatic production line, and has the advantages of simple preparation materials, simple process, good product strength and high quality, and good process practicability.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gypsum block production system used in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the individual twin-screw extruder part of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the extrusion head part at the front end of the twin-screw extruder in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the part of the separate synchronous follow-up cutting device in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of a separate static cutting device in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In specific implementation: a gypsum block prepared by dry production. The overall shape of the gypsum block is a rectangular body, its length is in the range of 300-800mm, the width is in the range of 100-250mm, and the thickness is in the range of 80-250mm. The block adopts 68-76 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum powder as the main material, adding 4-8 parts by mass of fiber material, 0.05-0.2 parts by mass of retarder material and 20-25 parts by mass of mixing water to mix and stir evenly Then, the gypsum board-like material is forced to be extruded by an extruder and formed into a long strip, and then it is obtained by cutting twice.

In this way, the gypsum block is produced by the dry method and formed by extrusion, which is simpler in production process than the slurry method, and the gypsum board produced has high density, good strength and higher quality. At the same time, the gypsum block is simple in materials, does not contain filler powder such as fly ash, fine sand, etc., only a small amount of fiber material is used to improve the flexural strength, avoid the product being too brittle, and a very small amount of retarder is used to adjust the gypsum setting time. Easy to cut. There is no need to add additional coagulating materials in the formula. The main material, hemihydrate gypsum, is converted into dihydrate gypsum after combining with the added mixing water, and the condensation hydration is completed under high pressure. The amount of crystallization water needs to be the same. Hemihydrate gypsum and mixing water are fully stirred and mixed evenly and then forced to be compacted and formed into dihydrate gypsum directly, which can obtain extremely high hardness and strength.

In practice, the gypsum block has a length ranging from 380-600mm, a width ranging from 180-200mm, and a thickness ranging from 100-200mm. This size meets the requirements of national standards, and the product is more widely used.

As an optimal choice during implementation, the fiber material includes 5 parts by mass of pulp fibers and 1 part by mass of glass fibers, wherein the length of the pulp fibers is less than 2 mm and the length of the glass fibers is less than 5 mm.

If the overall proportion of fibers is too high, it will affect the compressive strength of the final product, and if the proportion is too low, the product will have high brittleness and insufficient flexural resistance. At the same time, among the two fiber materials, glass fiber has good strength, but the cost is high, and it will lead to insufficient surface smoothness and roughness of the product, which may even affect the smoothness of product extrusion, while the strength of pulp fiber is relatively low, but the cost is relatively high. Inexpensive and does not affect product surface smoothness. Therefore, more proportion of pulp fiber and less proportion of glass fiber are used in combination, so that the shortcomings of the two can be supplemented and the advantages of the two can be supplemented, which not only reduces the cost, but also ensures the final strength performance and surface smoothness of the product.

As an optimal choice during implementation, the retarder material is a protein-based retarder, and the proportion is about 0.1 part by mass.

In this way, the protein-based retarder is specially configured for gypsum coagulation adjustment. Adding about 0.1 parts by mass (0.1%) can just adjust the retardation degree of gypsum, so that it can be extruded into a plate shape from the extruder, and then placed in the form of a plate. The subsequent cutting on the conveying device will not have too high hardness, which is conducive to cutting, and after the cutting is completed, it will be completely coagulated and hydrated to improve the strength of the product.

When implementing, the above-mentioned gypsum block is obtained by the following preparation method, which includes the following steps: a. Mixing materials, adding a retarder to mixing water and mixing, and then stirring and mixing the hemihydrate gypsum powder, fiber material and mixing water uniformly; b Extrusion, add the mixed raw materials into the extruder, and extrude under the pressure of 2-4 MPa/square centimeter to obtain a continuous gypsum board. The width and thickness of the gypsum board are the same as the length and thickness of the block. The size is the same, and the compression ratio of the extruder is in the range of 2.5:1-3.5:1; c conveying and cutting, the extruded continuous gypsum board is transported forward on the conveying roller table, and the continuous gypsum board is completed by synchronous follow-up cutting. The first transverse cutting of the board, the broken gypsum board is obtained, and then each broken gypsum board is cut into a plurality of gypsum blocks that meet the requirements of length, width and height by static cutting; d. The gypsum blocks are stacked and the product is obtained after the hydration reaction is completed.

In this way, the gypsum block product adopts the dry method to produce and extrude the block length and thickness direction dimensions, and then uses two transverse cuttings to obtain the block width direction dimensions. Features of high quality.

Among them, the mixing water after adding the retarder is added to the raw materials in two parts, and most of the mixing water is added by spraying during the mixing process of the hemihydrate gypsum powder and the fiber material, and a small proportion of the mixing water is added and mixed evenly. The mixing water is input into the inner cavity of the extrusion head outlet of the extruder through the conveying pipeline, and added to the surface of the gypsum board material.

In this way, most of the mixing water is firstly added and mixed with the hemihydrate gypsum powder by spraying, so that the mixing water can be mixed with the hemihydrate gypsum powder more fully and evenly, while the lack of part of the mixing water can effectively Inhibit the hemihydrate gypsum powder starts to fully hydrate before extrusion to cause coagulation. Then a small part of the mixing water is added at the outlet after the hemihydrate gypsum powder is compacted by the extruder. After adding, the small part of the mixing water can quickly penetrate into the powder under the high pressure of the extruder. Inside the material, supplement the proportion of crystal water. When the material is extruded, the conversion of a part of hemihydrate gypsum to dihydrate gypsum is quickly completed, and the volume of the converted dihydrate gypsum becomes larger, which can squeeze the space and further improve the compactness of the board. At the same time, the small proportion of the mixing water can ensure that the outlet position of the extrusion head has sufficient lubrication effect, so as to ensure the smooth extrusion of the material and the formation of gypsum board. Among them, the respective proportions of the two parts of the mixing water can be verified by experiments to obtain the optimal distribution ratio, but on the whole, the proportion of the mixing water added first is greater than the proportion of the mixing water added at the outlet of the subsequent extrusion head.

When implemented, the above-mentioned preparation method can be realized by relying on the following gypsum block production system, see Figs. 1-6, the gypsum block production system includes a double-screw extruder used for extrusion molding of gypsum board, and the double-screw extrusion The machine outlet is connected with a conveying system.

Wherein, step b is realized by means of a twin-screw extruder, see Figs. 2-3, the twin-screw extruder has a horizontally arranged casing 1, and two extrusion shafts 2 are arranged in parallel in the casing 1, and the extrusion shaft 2 There is a spiral blade 3 on it, a squeezing motor 4 is set at the rear end of the casing, the squeezing motor 4 is connected with the two squeezing shafts 2 and drives the two squeezing shafts to rotate relative to each other, and the rear of the casing 1 is also provided with a material inlet 5 , the front end of the shell has an extrusion section 6, the upper and lower ends of the extrusion section 6 move toward the middle in the forward direction, and the front end of the extrusion section 6 is connected with a forming section 7 of a horizontal straight cylinder structure and forms an extrusion head. The position is provided with a mixing water adding structure, and the mixing water adding structure has a water outlet arranged circumferentially around the inner cavity of the extrusion head.

In this way, when the double-screw extruder is used, the gypsum powder material mixed with the fiber material and part of the mixed water enters the inner cavity of the shell from the material inlet, and the extruding motor drives the two extruding shafts to rotate relative to each other, extruding the screw on the shaft. The blade stirs the material, drives the material to move forward and provides extrusion force. The material is further fully stirred while moving forward, so that part of the mixing water added in the previous process can be further fully mixed with hemihydrate gypsum. After the material enters the extrusion section at the front end of the shell, the cross-sectional area gradually becomes smaller, and the extrusion force gradually increases. Then the material is extruded into the extrusion head, and the material is combined with another part of the mixing water added in the inner cavity of the extrusion head. This part of the mixing water quickly penetrates into the material under high pressure, and then gradually mixes with the gypsum powder. Combining to generate dense dihydrate gypsum, the shape of the board is extruded by the inner cavity of the straight section of the extrusion head, and the generated board structure continuously enters the conveying roller table for the subsequent cutting process. Therefore, the double-screw extruder can well realize dry extrusion forming of gypsum blocks. Among them, the double-helix structure can provide a strong extrusion force, and at the same time, it has a stirring effect in the process of conveying materials, which can better make the gypsum powder and the part of the mixing water added first to mix evenly and generate a certain amount of preliminary water. After reaching the position of the extrusion head, it combines with another part of the mixing water to rapidly hydrate under high pressure to generate a part of dihydrate gypsum, which greatly improves the quality of the extruded sheet.

In the double-screw extruder, the inner cavity of the casing 1 has two cylindrical channels arranged horizontally side by side, the middle part of the two cylindrical channels is connected, and the two extruding shafts 2 are respectively installed at the axes of the two cylindrical channels. , the outer end of the helical blade on the extruding shaft is arranged close to the inner cavity of the cylindrical channel.

In this way, the rotating shaft and the helical blade can better provide the extrusion force to the material and ensure the extrusion effect of the extrusion section and the position of the extrusion head.

In the double-screw extruder, the rear ends of the two extruding shafts 2 can rotatably pass through the casing, and a pair of mutually meshing transmission gears 8 are fixed on the parts of the two extruding shafts that pass through the casing. It is installed outside the rear end of the casing and is connected with any extrusion shaft.

In this way, only one extruding motor can drive the two shafts to rotate relative to each other synchronously, and the structure is simple and reliable.

In the twin-screw extruder, the material inlet 5 is located at the rear of the casing 1 near the rear end, and is positioned in the middle of the two extrusion shafts 2 .

In this way, when the material falls into the middle of the two extrusion shafts, it is beneficial to be dispersed by the two extrusion shafts and then transported forward, and it is also beneficial to be further stirred evenly by the spiral blades on the two extrusion shafts.

Wherein, the upper end of the material inlet 5 is docked with a feeding funnel 9 with a large diameter end upward. This is convenient and better to achieve feeding.

In the twin-screw extruder, a top cover 10 is provided on the upper part of the feeding funnel 9 to form a closed structure. One side of the top cover has an extension section extending horizontally outward, the outer end of the extension section is open, and the upper end of the feeding funnel is also connected A metering and conveying mechanism 11 is provided, and the output end of the metering and conveying mechanism 11 enters the interior of the top cover from the extension section.

In this way, the metering and conveying mechanism can realize the metering input of the material, thereby realizing the continuous production of the assembly line, and the top cover structure provided at the same time can prevent the volatilization of dust when the powder material falls.

Among them, the metering and conveying mechanism 11 is an automatic metering and conveying belt. It has the advantages of simple structure and better metering control of input materials.

Among them, the mixing water adding structure includes a first water outlet 12 located at the front of the inner cavity of the extrusion section and a second water outlet 13 located in the front end of the extrusion section of the inner cavity of the forming section. The first water outlet and the second water outlet All of them are arranged in plurality in the circumferential direction.

In this way, the mixing water entering first through the first water outlet can have more time to penetrate into the interior of the material, better mix with the internal hemihydrate gypsum powder under high pressure and gradually generate crystal water, while the water entering the second water outlet While the mixing water plays the role of supplementing crystal water, it also has a lubricating effect on the surface of the inner cavity of the forming section that bears the maximum pressure, so that the gypsum board can be smoothly extruded. At the same time, the second water outlet can ensure that the gypsum board has sufficient mixing water at the moment of extrusion and the hemihydrate gypsum on the surface of the gypsum board reacts to generate a part of dihydrate gypsum, so that the surface shell of the gypsum board can have sufficient hardness after extrusion. In order to facilitate forming, facilitate subsequent cutting and stacking. In the interior of the gypsum board, it is necessary to wait for a period of time for the internal mixing water to fully diffuse to various positions to complete the hydration, so that the hemihydrate gypsum in all parts of the gypsum board is converted into dihydrate gypsum to obtain the final product. Therefore, the arrangement of the two water outlets can better shape the gypsum board and improve the product quality.

The taper of the inner cavity of the first half of the extrusion section 6 is increased, and the first water outlet 12 is located at the position where the taper of the inner cavity of the extrusion section is increased.

In this way, the taper of the inner cavity of the first half of the extrusion section is increased to form a pressure concentration position, and the pressure suddenly increases after the powder is transported, so that the mixing water entering the inner cavity from this position can be better fully under the action of pressure. Penetrates into the powder.

The first half of the extrusion section is provided with a water interlayer, the front end of the water interlayer is opened to form a first water outlet 12, and a first water inlet joint 14 is connected to the outside of the water interlayer.

In this way, it is more convenient for the first water outlet to flow forward, and the powder material can be prevented from entering the water outlet pipe from the water outlet.

Wherein, the forming section 7 is externally connected with a second water inlet joint 15 , and the second water inlet joint 15 is communicated with the second water outlet 13 . In this way, it is convenient for the second water inlet connector to enter the water.

Wherein, the outlet directions of the first water outlet and the second water outlet are set obliquely forward so that the water flows forward (not shown in the figure). This can better facilitate the water to move forward and prevent powder from entering the inside of the water outlet.

Among them, both side walls of the first water outlet and the outlet of the second water outlet are in a figure-eight shape that expands from the back to the front (not shown in the figure). This can better expand the water outlet area, so that the mixing water and materials can be fully combined.

In practice, the water outlet ratio of the first water outlet 12 is greater than the water outlet ratio of the second water outlet 13 . In this way, more mixing water first comes out from the first water outlet and contacts with the powder to better penetrate into the powder, and a small amount of water from the second water outlet can keep the surface of the inner cavity of the forming section lubricated to facilitate the extrusion of the plate, and at the same time make the plate It suffices that the water content of the surface layer is sufficient to form sufficient hardness.

In the twin-screw extruder, a core die structure is also arranged inside the extrusion port. The core mold structure includes an inner core 16 horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the extrusion port, and the rear end of the inner core 16 is fixed on a vertically arranged cage 17. The retainer 17 is mounted and fixed on the inner cavity of the casing extrusion section 6 around it.

In this way, the inner cavity of the gypsum board is formed by the inner core, so that the gypsum board forms a hollow structure, which can better produce the effect of heat insulation and heat preservation as a building material.

The rear part of the inner core 16 is located in the extrusion section and is in the shape of a truncated cone with an end face diameter increasing forward, and the front part of the inner core 16 is located in the forming section and has a straight cylindrical shape.

In this way, the truncated cone at the rear of the inner core can cooperate with the extrusion section, increasing the tendency of the space section of the inner cavity of the extrusion section to narrow forward, further increasing the pressure concentration in this area, which is more conducive to the mixing entering here. Water quickly penetrates into the material under high pressure, and can better combine with hemihydrate gypsum to form dihydrate gypsum, which can better improve the compactness of the board and the uniformity of quality.

During implementation, step c is realized by a conveying system, the conveying system includes a conveying frame 18, and a plurality of conveying rollers 19 are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the conveying frame 18 to form a conveying roller table, and the starting end of the conveying roller table is connected with the outlet of the extruder. , the conveyor frame is provided with a synchronous follow-up cutting device and a static cutting device in sequence along the advancing direction, see Figure 4-5; the synchronous follow-up cutting device includes a follow-up gantry 20 transversely erected above the conveyor A longitudinal translation mechanism is arranged between the gantry frame 20 and the conveying frame, and the longitudinal translation mechanism can drive the follow-up gantry 20 to move horizontally along the front and rear directions of the conveying frame. The follow-up gantry 20 is also provided with a follow-up cutting device. The follow-up cutting device is used to complete the transverse cutting of the continuous gypsum board 21 . Referring to FIG. 6 , the static cutting device includes a static gantry 20 ′ horizontally erected above the conveyor frame. The static gantry is juxtaposed with static cutting devices along the conveying direction. The disc cutters 24' for static cutting are arranged in the direction, and the disc cutters for static cutting are evenly spaced along the length direction of the conveyor frame, and the distance between two adjacent disc cutters 24' for static cutting Consistent with the width and size of the gypsum block, the static cutting device is used to complete the secondary transverse cutting of the gypsum board; there is a section of active speed-increasing conveying roller table 40 connected to the conveying roller table between the static cutting device and the synchronous follow-up cutting device. The conveying rollers on the conveying roller table 40 are connected with the speed increasing motor and are used to increase the advancing speed of the passing gypsum board.

In this way, the follow-up gantry can rely on the longitudinal translation mechanism to complete the following movement with the conveying roller table, and in the follow-up process, rely on the follow-up cutting device to realize the first transverse cutting of the continuous gypsum board, and the cut gypsum board enters the active After the speed-up conveying roller table, the speed is increased, and the adjacent gypsum boards are separated for a certain distance, and then the gypsum boards are sequentially conveyed by the active speed-up conveying roller table to the bottom of the static gantry, and the second transverse cutting is completed by the static cutting device in the prohibited state. , to obtain gypsum blocks that meet the requirements of length, width and height. Then the gypsum block is pushed out under the static gantry by the next gypsum board, enters the subsequent production line process, and finally completes the stacking hydration. Therefore, the entire production line can realize assembly line production, which greatly improves the production efficiency.

Wherein, the cross beam on the top of the follow-up gantry 20 is provided with a follow-up cutting mounting seat 22, and the follow-up cutting mounting seat 22 has a follow-up cutting mounting arm 23 extending downward, and the follow-up cutting mounting seat 22 is provided with a follow-up cutting mounting arm 23 The lower end of the arm 23 is vertically installed with a rotatable disc cutter 24 for follow-up cutting, and between at least one end of the beam and the conveying roller table, there is a mounting seat for holding the follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting. In the space of the knife 24, the follow-up cutting mounting seat is also provided with a follow-up cutting motor 25, the follow-up cutting motor 25 is connected with the follow-up cutting disc cutter 24, and the follow-up cutting mounting seat 22 and the beam A lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting is arranged between them for driving the horizontal translation of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting. The height of the rotary shaft of the disc cutter 24 for follow-up cutting to the lower edge is larger than the thickness of the gypsum board 21 and makes the follow-up cutting The lateral translation of the mounting seat can drive the follow-up cutting disc cutter to complete the cutting of the gypsum board on the conveying roller table.

Therefore, during the work, relying on the motor for follow-up cutting to drive the disc cutter for follow-up cutting to rotate, and relying on the lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting to control the lateral translation of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, the continuous plaster on the conveying roller table can be completed. Cutting of the board. It has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable cutting.

Wherein, space for accommodating the mounting seat for the follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for the follow-up cutting is reserved between the two ends of the cross beam of the follow-up gantry and the conveying roller table.

In this way, when cutting, the mounting seat for follow-up cutting moves in one direction until the disc cutter for follow-up cutting is completely cut off and passes through the gypsum board, and then after the follow-up gantry is reset back, the mounting seat for follow-up cutting Then do the return movement and can achieve the second cut off of the gypsum board. Therefore, one reciprocating motion of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting can realize two cutting actions, making its work more efficient.

Among them, the mounting arm 23 for follow-up cutting is arranged below one end of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting along the transverse direction of the conveying roller table, the motor for follow-up cutting is installed above the other end of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, and the motor 25 for follow-up cutting outputs the output The shaft and the disc cutter 14 for follow-up cutting are connected through a belt mechanism to realize transmission.

This has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable transmission.

Among them, there are two installation arms 23 for follow-up cutting, and the two installation arms 23 for follow-up cutting are arranged side by side at intervals along the front and rear directions of the conveying roller table, and the two installation arms 23 for follow-up cutting are rotatably arranged between them. The rotary shaft of the cutter for follow-up cutting, the disc cutter 24 for follow-up cutting is installed on the rotary shaft of the cutter for follow-up cutting, and the output end of the belt mechanism is connected to the rotary shaft of the cutter for follow-up cutting.

In this way, the stable bearing force of the disc cutter for follow-up cutting during cutting can be better ensured, and the stability and reliability of the cutting process can be ensured.

Among them, the lateral translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting includes two synchronous belt pulleys 26 for follow-up cutting, which are arranged on the upper ends of the vertical arms on both sides of the follow-up gantry. The lateral translation motor 27 for follow-up cutting on the moving gantry is connected by transmission, and two synchronous belt pulleys 26 for follow-up cutting are sleeved with a synchronous belt, which is fixed to the follow-up cutting mounting seat and drives the follow-up cutting The mounting seat is translated laterally on the top beam of the follower gantry.

This has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable transmission.

Among them, the transverse guide rail 28 for follow-up cutting is provided on the top beam of the follow-up gantry, and the lower end of the mounting seat 22 for follow-up cutting has a part slidably snap-fitted with the cross-rail 28 for follow-up cutting. In this way, the stability of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting during lateral translation can be better ensured.

The longitudinal translation mechanism includes a rack 29 that is horizontally fixed on the conveyor frame 18, and the length of the rack 29 is equal to or greater than the length of the gypsum board. The longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a longitudinal translation mechanism installed on the follower gantry. The moving motor 30, the output shaft of the longitudinal translation motor 30 is connected with a longitudinal translation gear 31, and the longitudinal translation gear 31 meshes with the rack 29; the longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a roller 32 installed at the lower end of the side arm of the follower gantry. , the rollers 32 are supported and fitted on the longitudinal guide rails 33 fixed on the conveyor frame in the longitudinal direction.

In this way, the support of the follower gantry and the guidance of longitudinal translation are completed by the cooperation of the rollers and the longitudinal guide rails. At the same time, the longitudinal translation motor is used to control the rotation of the longitudinal translation gear on the rack, which can drive the follow-up gantry to move longitudinally along the conveying roller table, and realize the precise control of the synchronous movement with the assembly line, so as to facilitate the follow-up cutting device in the The cutting of gypsum board is stably completed in a relatively static state. It has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable transmission and precise follow-up control.

Among them, the longitudinal translation mechanism also includes a reset telescopic cylinder 34, the reset telescopic cylinder 34 is longitudinally arranged along the conveying roller table, one end of the reset telescopic cylinder 34 is connected to the conveyor frame 18, and the other end is connected to the follow-up gantry 20. , A one-way transmission mechanism is arranged between the longitudinal translation motor output shaft and the longitudinal translation gear, and the one-way transmission mechanism is used to control the follow-up gantry to realize one-way transmission along the conveying roller.

In this way, after the cutting is completed, the telescopic cylinder for reset can be quickly reset to improve work efficiency. In implementation, the telescopic cylinder for reset is preferably an air cylinder, which is quicker and less expensive to reset.

Among them, there are two sets of longitudinal translation mechanisms, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the follower gantry 20 respectively.

In this way, the longitudinal translation process of the follow-up gantry can be ensured to be more stable and reliable.

Among them, a section of follower roller table is connected in the conveying roller table above the longitudinal translation mechanism. The follower roller table includes a roller seat chute arranged on the conveying frame in the longitudinal direction. The length of the roller seat chute is longer than the length of the gypsum board. A number of sliding roller seats 35 are installed in the seat chute so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction, and sliding rollers are installed on the sliding roller seat 35. A folding link 36 is hinged and arranged vertically, and the ends of the folding links 36 of the adjacent sliding roller bases are hingedly connected to form a longitudinally extending telescopic link combination; the follow-up gantry 20 is located in the middle of the follow-up rollers A section of the telescopic connecting rod assembly is arranged at each end, one end of the telescopic connecting rod assembly in the length direction is hinged on the follower gantry, and the other end is hinged on the fixed idler roller seat adjacent to the follower roller table.

In this way, in the process of the follow-up gantry moving forward with the conveying roller table, the sliding roller seat before and after the follow-up gantry is driven by the combination of the telescopic link, and the sliding roller seat in front of the follow-up gantry gradually moves closer, and the rear The distance between the sliding roller seats is gradually elongated, and all of them can achieve stable support for the gypsum board above. At the same time, what is more important is that the structure can make the follower gantry move forward and the rollers below it no longer maintain a relative motion state, but change to a relatively static state. In this way, when the follow-up cutting device on the follow-up gantry works, the disc cutter for follow-up cutting can avoid the problem of interference with the idler, and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting can cut downwards beyond the lower surface of the gypsum board. It can cut the gypsum board more efficiently and reliably, and improve the cutting quality of the gypsum board.

Wherein, each sliding roller base 35 is hingedly provided with two folding links 36 which are vertically rotatable, and the two folding links are arranged in an X shape.

The telescopic link combination composed in this way is more stable and reliable in the telescopic movement process.

Among them, the follow-up roller table also includes two follow-up rollers 37 arranged in the front and rear of the follow-up gantry, the follow-up roller 37 is installed on the follow-up roller seat, and the follow-up roller seat is slidably installed on the roller seat chute Inside and fixedly connected with the follow-up gantry, the follow-up cutting disc cutter 24 of the follow-up cutting device is arranged facing the middle of the interval between the two follow-up rollers 37 .

In this way, the two follower roller bases follow the follower gantry to move back and forth, so that when the follower cutting is cut with a disc cutter, it can stably support the front and rear ends of the gypsum board at the cutting position, and better ensure the cutting stability. .

During implementation, a static cutting mounting seat 22 ′ is arranged on the beam at the top of the static gantry 20 ′, and two static cutting mounting seats 22 ′ extending downward are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor frame. Mounting arm 23', a rotating shaft of a cutter for static cutting is rotatably arranged between the lower ends of the two mounting arms for static cutting, and a plurality of disc cutters 24' for static cutting are installed on the rotating shaft of the cutter for static cutting, and a static gantry is provided. Between at least one end of the beam on the top of the frame and the conveying roller table, there is a space for accommodating the static cutting mounting seat and the static cutting disc cutter. The static cutting mounting seat is also provided with a static cutting motor 25', The motor 25' for static cutting is connected with the disc cutter for static cutting. The top of the static gantry is also provided with a lateral translation mechanism for the mounting seat for static cutting, which is used to drive the lateral translation of the mounting seat for static cutting. The translation can drive the static cutting with the disc cutter to complete the cutting of the gypsum board on the conveying roller table.

In this way, the gypsum board can be cut into a plurality of gypsum blocks at one time by means of the static cutting device, which has the characteristics of simple structure and stable and reliable cutting.

Among them, the static gantry is also installed with a limit telescopic device 41 set downward at one end of the outlet. The telescopic rod of the limit telescopic device can be extended downward and can enter the forward path of the slats (blocks) to form a limit bit. During implementation, the telescopic device for limit can be obtained by using a cylinder or an electric push rod.

In this way, after the slats enter under the static gantry, they can be accurately limited by the telescopic device used for limiting, so as to ensure the precision control of static cutting. After the cutting is completed, the telescopic rod of the limit telescopic device is retracted upward, so that the cut blocks can continue to enter the front of the assembly line. Intermittent pipeline production is realized.

During implementation, the structures of the rest of the static cutting devices on the static gantry can be set to be the same as or similar to the structures of the synchronous follow-up cutting devices on the follow-up gantry. Therefore, it will not be repeated here. The gypsum blocks obtained after cutting can be shaped again on the assembly line to obtain precise dimensions. The specific process has nothing to do with the invention of the present application, so it will not be described in detail here. The finally obtained gypsum blocks can be stacked manually or mechanically, which will not be described in detail here. The gypsum block stacking is allowed to stand for a period of time and the block product can be obtained after the hydration reaction is completed.

Claims (10)

1. a gypsum block prepared by dry production, the overall shape of the gypsum block is a rectangle, its length range is 300-800mm, the width range is 100-250mm, and the thickness range is 80-250mm, it is characterized in that, The block adopts 68-76 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum powder as the main material, adding 4-8 parts by mass of fiber material, 0.05-0.2 parts by mass of retarder material and 20-25 parts by mass of mixing water to mix and stir evenly Then, the gypsum board-like material is forced to be extruded by an extruder and formed into a long strip, and then it is obtained by cutting twice. 2 . The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 1 , wherein the length of the gypsum block is 380-600mm, the width is 180-200mm, and the thickness is 100-200mm. 3 . 3. The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 1, wherein the fiber material comprises 5 parts by mass of pulp fibers and 1 part by mass of glass fibers, wherein the length of the pulp fibers is less than 2 mm, and the glass fibers The length is less than 5mm. 4 . The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 1 , wherein the retarder material is a protein-based retarder, and the proportion is 0.1 part by mass. 5 . 5. The gypsum building block prepared by dry production according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gypsum building block is obtained by adopting the following preparation method specifically, comprising the following steps: a mixing material, adding retarder into mixing water and mixing, Then the hemihydrate gypsum powder, the fiber material and the mixing water are stirred and mixed evenly; b extruding, adding the mixed raw materials into the extruder, and extruding under the pressure of 2-4 MPa/square centimeter to obtain For continuous gypsum board, the width and thickness of the gypsum board are consistent with the length and thickness of the block, and the compression ratio of the extruder is in the range of 2.5:1-3.5:1; c. It is conveyed forward on the roller table, and the first horizontal cutting of the continuous gypsum board is completed by the method of synchronous follow-up cutting to obtain the broken gypsum board, and then the broken gypsum board is cut into multiple pieces by the static cutting method. Gypsum blocks that meet the requirements of length, width and height; d. Stacking hydration, stacking the gypsum blocks and waiting for the completion of the hydration reaction to obtain the product. 6. The gypsum building block prepared by dry production according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the mixing water after adding the retarder is added into the raw material in two parts, wherein most of the mixing water is in the hemihydrate gypsum. During the mixing process of powder and fiber material, the mixing is uniformly added by spraying, and a small proportion of mixing water is input into the inner cavity of the extrusion head outlet of the extruder through the conveying pipeline, and added to the surface of the gypsum board material. 7. The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 5, characterized in that: step b is realized by means of a twin-screw extruder, and the twin-screw extruder has a horizontally arranged shell, and the shells are arranged side by side There are two extruding shafts, a screw blade is arranged on the extruding shaft, and a squeezing motor is arranged at the rear end of the casing. There is a material inlet, the front end of the shell has an extrusion section, the upper and lower ends of the extrusion section move toward the middle in the forward direction, and the front end of the extrusion section is connected with a forming section with a horizontal straight cylinder structure and forms an extrusion head. The position is provided with a mixing water adding structure, and the mixing water adding structure has a water outlet arranged circumferentially around the inner cavity of the extrusion head. 8. The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 7, characterized in that: the mixing water adding structure comprises a first water outlet located at the front of the inner cavity of the extrusion section and a forming part located at the front end of the extrusion section The second water outlet of the inner cavity of the segment, the first water outlet and the second water outlet are arranged in multiples along the circumferential direction; There is also a core mold structure inside the extrusion port. The core mold structure includes an inner core that is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the extrusion port. on the inner cavity; The rear part of the inner core is located in the extrusion section and is in the shape of a truncated cone with the diameter of the end face increasing forward, and the front part of the inner core is located in the forming section and is in the shape of a straight cylinder. 9. The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 5 is characterized in that: step c is realized by means of a conveying system, and the conveying system comprises a conveying frame, and the upper surface of the conveying frame is provided with a number of conveying rollers at intervals to form a gypsum block. Conveying roller table, the starting end of the conveying roller table is connected with the outlet of the extruder, and the conveyor frame is sequentially provided with a synchronous follow-up cutting device and a static cutting device along the advancing direction; the synchronous follow-up cutting device includes a transversely erected on the conveyor frame On the follower gantry above, a longitudinal translation mechanism is arranged between the follower gantry and the conveyor frame. The longitudinal translation mechanism can drive the follower gantry to move horizontally in the front and rear directions of the conveyor frame. The follower gantry is also provided with There is a follow-up cutting device, which is used to complete the transverse cutting of continuous gypsum boards; the static cutting device includes a static gantry horizontally erected above the conveyor frame, and static gantry frames are arranged side by side along the conveying direction on the static gantry. The cutting device and the static cutting device have a plurality of static cutting disc cutters arranged along the width direction of the conveyor frame. The static cutting disc cutters are evenly spaced along the length direction of the conveying frame, and two adjacent static cutting blades are The distance between the disc cutters is the same as the width of the gypsum block. The static cutting device is used to complete the secondary transverse cutting of the gypsum board; the conveying roller table between the static cutting device and the synchronous follow-up cutting device is connected. A section of active speed-up conveying roller table, the conveying roller on the active speed-up conveying roller table is connected with the speed-up motor and used to increase the forward speed of the passing gypsum board; The cross beam on the top of the follow-up gantry is provided with a follow-up cutting mounting seat, the follow-up cutting mounting seat is provided with a follow-up cutting mounting arm extending downward, and the lower end of the follow-up cutting mounting arm is vertically installed with A rotatable disc cutter for follow-up cutting, there is space between at least one end of the beam and the conveying roller table to accommodate the mounting seat for follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting. The mounting seat is also provided with a motor for follow-up cutting, the motor for follow-up cutting and the disc cutter for follow-up cutting are connected by transmission, and between the mounting seat for follow-up cutting and the beam, there is a horizontal direction for driving the mounting seat for follow-up cutting. The horizontal translation mechanism of the mounting seat for follow-up cutting, the height dimension of the rotary shaft of the disc cutter for follow-up cutting to the lower edge is larger than the thickness of the gypsum board, so that the lateral translation of the mount for follow-up cutting can drive the disc cutter for follow-up cutting Complete the cutting of gypsum board on the conveyor roller table. 10. The gypsum block prepared by dry production according to claim 9, characterized in that: a section of follower roller table is connected in the conveying roller table above the longitudinal translation mechanism, and the follower roller table includes longitudinally arranged in the conveying roller table. The roller seat chute on the frame, the length of the roller seat chute is longer than the length of the gypsum board, and several sliding roller seats can be installed in the roller seat chute to slide in the longitudinal direction. The idler rollers fixedly arranged on the roller table are located at the same level, and the sliding roller base is hingedly provided with a folding link that can rotate vertically. ; The follow-up gantry is located in the middle of the follow-up roller table, and a section of the telescopic link combination is provided at the front and rear ends. On the fixed idler roller seat adjacent to the roller table.

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