CN111454583A - Degradable material and application thereof - Google Patents
Degradable material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111454583A CN111454583A CN202010234406.1A CN202010234406A CN111454583A CN 111454583 A CN111454583 A CN 111454583A CN 202010234406 A CN202010234406 A CN 202010234406A CN 111454583 A CN111454583 A CN 111454583A
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- degradable material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 polybutylene adipate Polymers 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical group CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=C1 JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 11
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 235000014693 Fagopyrum tataricum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920005586 poly(adipic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSQZNZLOZXSBHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,8-dioxabicyclo[8.2.2]tetradeca-1(12),10,13-triene-2,9-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCCCOC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2 WSQZNZLOZXSBHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920008262 Thermoplastic starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N glucosamine group Chemical group OC1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001905 inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010057 rubber processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004628 starch-based polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000647 trehalose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of plastics, in particular to a degradable material and application thereof, and provides a degradable material in a first aspect, wherein the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 0-100 parts of a bio-based material, 0-100 parts of a biodegradable material, 0-20 parts of polyolefin, 2-5 parts of a filler and 2-5 parts of a coupling agent, the parts by weight of the bio-based material, the biodegradable material and the polyolefin are not 0 at the same time, the coupling agent comprises at least one of vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and a titanate coupling agent, the degradable material provided by the invention has the advantages of high degradation speed, excellent mechanical strength, wide application range and strong applicability, and effectively solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by white pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plastics, in particular to a degradable material and application thereof.
Background
The plastic product has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, low price and the like, and is widely applied to production and life of people. The application of plastic products brings great convenience to people and brings serious negative effects, most of waste plastic products can be degraded under special conditions, the light and biological degradation speed of the waste plastic products in the natural environment is very slow, the waste plastic products can completely disappear after about hundreds of years, and although the waste plastic products can be treated by burying, burning and other methods, the methods have great defects. The waste plastics after being used in large quantity can not be automatically degraded, and can cause serious environmental pollution after being remained in the natural environment for a long time, thereby not only influencing the ecological balance, but also threatening the health of human beings. According to incomplete statistics, the plastic products produced in the world per year exceed hundred million tons, and the plastic products discarded after use have large quantity, wide distribution and difficult recovery, form white garbage and cause serious environmental pollution.
In order to solve the problem, materials of degradable plastics become a focus of attention of researchers, and although research on the degradable plastics has achieved certain results, the degradable plastics still have the defects of insufficient degradation, long degradation time, high price, incapability of meeting the degradation speed and mechanical properties at the same time and the like, so that the application range of the degradable plastics is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at some problems in the prior art, the invention provides a degradable material in a first aspect, and the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 0-100 parts of a bio-based material, 0-100 parts of a biodegradable material, 0-20 parts of polyolefin, 2-5 parts of a filler and 2-5 parts of a coupling agent, wherein the parts by weight of the bio-based material, the biodegradable material and the polyolefin are not 0 at the same time, and the coupling agent comprises at least one of vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and a titanate coupling agent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation raw materials of the degradable material comprise a biodegradable material and a bio-based material, and the weight ratio of the biodegradable material to the bio-based material is 1: (0.02-50).
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the bio-based material comprises at least one of sugar, starch, vegetable oil, straw fiber and polylactic acid.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the saccharide includes an aminopolysaccharide.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the bio-based material comprises amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the aminopolysaccharide, the starch and the straw fiber is (2-4): (4-6): 15.
as a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the biodegradable material includes at least one of polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyvinyl alcohol, polybutylene adipate/terephthalate, polybutylene succinate, and poly- β -hydroxybutyrate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent comprises vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a plastic article made from a degradable material.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the plastic product includes a trash can, and the method for manufacturing the trash can includes: drying the degradable material, placing the dried degradable material in a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, then putting the mixture into an injection molding machine for injection molding, shaping and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the degradable material provided by the invention has the advantages of high degradation speed, excellent mechanical strength, wide application range and strong applicability, and effectively solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by white pollution;
(2) the degradable material provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, easily obtained raw materials, simple and easily operated preparation method and wide market application, and is particularly suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number clearly indicates the singular.
The first aspect of the invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0-100 parts of a bio-based material, 0-100 parts of a biodegradable material, 0-20 parts of polyolefin, 2-5 parts of a filler and 2-5 parts of a coupling agent; the weight parts of the bio-based material, the biodegradable material and the polyolefin are not 0 at the same time.
In one embodiment, the degradable material is prepared from 50-100 parts by weight of bio-based material, 0-20 parts by weight of polyolefin, 2-5 parts by weight of filler and 2-5 parts by weight of coupling agent.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the degradable material comprise 80 parts of bio-based material, 10 parts of polyolefin, 3 parts of filler and 3 parts of coupling agent in parts by weight.
In one embodiment, the degradable material is prepared from 50-100 parts by weight of biodegradable material, 0-20 parts by weight of polyolefin, 2-5 parts by weight of filler and 2-5 parts by weight of coupling agent.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the degradable material comprise, by weight, 80 parts of biodegradable material, 10 parts of polyolefin, 3 parts of filler and 3 parts of coupling agent.
In one embodiment, the degradable material is prepared from 50-100 parts by weight of bio-based material, 1-100 parts by weight of biodegradable material, 1-20 parts by weight of polyolefin, 2-5 parts by weight of filler and 2-5 parts by weight of coupling agent.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the degradable material comprise, by weight, 50-100 parts of a bio-based material, 1-100 parts of a biodegradable material, 10 parts of polyolefin, 3 parts of a filler and 3 parts of a coupling agent.
Biobased materials
The bio-based material is mainly prepared from natural polymers (such as starch, cellulose and chitin) or agricultural and sideline products through microbial fermentation or synthesis of biodegradable polymers, such as thermoplastic starch plastics, aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid and the like.
In one embodiment, the bio-based material comprises at least one of sugars, starches, vegetable oils, straw fibers, polylactic acid.
Preferably, the saccharide comprises an aminopolysaccharide.
Preferably, the aminopolysaccharide is glucosamine and/or chitosan; more preferably, the aminopolysaccharide is chitosan.
In one embodiment, the bio-based material comprises an aminopolysaccharide, starch, and straw fiber.
The starch provided by the invention is provided by tartary buckwheat powder.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the aminopolysaccharide to the starch to the straw fiber is (2-4): (4-6): 15; more preferably, the weight ratio of the aminopolysaccharide, the starch and the straw fiber is 3: 4.5: 15.
biodegradable material
Under the conditions of nature, soil, sandy soil and the like, or under the conditions of compost, anaerobic digestion, aqueous culture solution and the like, the degradation is caused by the action of microorganisms existing in nature, and finally the degradation is finished to become carbon dioxide, water, mineralized inorganic salts of elements contained in the water and new materials of biomass.
In one embodiment, the biodegradable material comprises at least one of polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyvinyl alcohol, polybutylene adipate/terephthalate, polybutylene succinate, and poly- β -hydroxybutyrate.
Preferably, the biodegradable material comprises polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and polybutylene adipate/terephthalate.
Preferably, the weight ratio of polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and polybutylene adipate/terephthalate is 1: (4-6): (3-8); more preferably, the weight ratio of polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and polybutylene adipate/terephthalate is 1: 5: 7.
in one embodiment, the weight ratio of biodegradable plastic to bio-based plastic is 1: (0.02-50).
Preferably, the weight ratio of the biodegradable material to the bio-based material is 1: (10-40); further preferably, the weight ratio of the biodegradable material to the bio-based material is 1: (20-30); more preferably, the weight ratio of the biodegradable material to the bio-based material is 1: 27.
in general, polyvinyl alcohol materials need to have good biodegradability after certain modification.
Polyolefins
A general term for a thermoplastic resin is a group obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing α -olefin such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and the like, and certain cyclic olefins alone.
In one embodiment, the polyolefin comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene.
Preferably, the polyolefin is polyethylene.
The polyethylene of the present invention was purchased from Wenden plastification, Suzhou, under the brand name Iranite B L3.
Filler material
Fillers (english name filer) are also known as fillers, additives, fillers (additive; filling agent). The solid matter can be added into the materials to improve the material performance, or can increase the volume and weight and reduce the material cost. Organic, inorganic, metallic or non-metallic powders, etc., which are generally free of water, neutral, and do not adversely affect the material components, can be used as fillers. Common industrial fillers include kaolin, diatomite, talcum powder, graphite, carbon black, alumina powder, glass powder, asbestos powder, mica powder, quartz powder, carbon fiber, powdered cork, carborundum and the like. A large amount of various fillers are used in products such as plastic processing, rubber processing, paper, paint, pesticide, medicine and the like in chemical production, so that the performance of the products is improved, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, the filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, silica, titanium dioxide, kaolin, montmorillonite.
Preferably, the filler is silica.
The silicon dioxide is purchased from Shanghai Chaowei nanotechnology Limited disclosureThe model is CW-SiO2-001。
Coupling agent
A plastic additive for improving the interfacial properties of synthetic resins and inorganic fillers or reinforcing materials in plastic compounding. Also known as surface modifiers. It can reduce the viscosity of synthetic resin melt in the course of plastic processing, and can improve the dispersity of filling agent to raise processing property, so that it can make the product obtain good surface quality and mechanical, thermal and electric properties.
The amount of the filler is generally 0.5 to 2% of the amount of the filler. Coupling agents generally consist of two parts: a part is an inorganic group which can act with an inorganic filler or a reinforcing material; the other part is an organophilic group which can interact with the synthetic resin.
In one embodiment, the coupling agent includes at least one of vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, titanate coupling agent.
Preferably, the coupling agent comprises vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
The applicant found in experiments that the degradable material prepared by using straw fiber and polyolefin has poor strength, and unexpectedly found that when a specific coupling agent, especially vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, is selected, the strength of the degradable material can be increased, the applicant thought that the possible reason is that vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane increases the surface roughness of the straw fiber, increases the binding force between the straw fiber and the polyolefin, improves the mechanical strength of the degradable garbage can, but reduces the degradation speed, and the applicant thought that when the polysaccharide is starch and chitosan, especially starch provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the degradation speed is high and the strength of the degradable material is high.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a plastic article made from a degradable material.
In one embodiment, the plastic article comprises a trash can.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, placing the dried degradable material in a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, then putting the mixture into an injection molding machine for injection molding, shaping and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
Preferably, the plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate.
Preferably, the lubricant is polyethylene wax.
The polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi new material Co., Ltd, and has the model of L020P.
The injection molding conditions of the present invention are routinely selected by those skilled in the art based on the particular starting materials used for the preparation.
Examples
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but it should be understood that these examples are merely illustrative and not restrictive. The starting materials used in the examples which follow are all commercially available unless otherwise stated.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from, by weight, 50 parts of a bio-based material, 2 parts of polyolefin, 2 parts of a filler, and 2 parts of a coupling agent.
The bio-based material is amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber in a weight ratio of 2: 4: 15, the amino polysaccharide is chitosan, the starch is provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the polyolefin is polyethylene and is purchased from Wenden plasticizing Co., Ltd, Suzhou city under the brand name of Iranite B L3, the filler is silicon dioxide and is purchased from Shanghai Chaowei nanometer technology Co., Ltd, the model number of CW-SiO2001, wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 150 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from, by weight, 80 parts of a bio-based material, 10 parts of polyolefin, 3 parts of a filler, and 3 parts of a coupling agent.
The bio-based material is amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber in a weight ratio of 3: 4.5: 15, the amino polysaccharide is chitosan, the starch is provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the polyolefin is polyethylene and is purchased from Wenden plasticizing Co., Ltd, Suzhou city under the brand name of Iranite B L3, the filler is silicon dioxide and is purchased from Shanghai Chaowei nanometer technology Co., Ltd, and the model number of the filler is CW-SiO2001, wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 150 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from, by weight, 10 parts of a biodegradable material, 100 parts of a bio-based material, 1 part of polyolefin, 2 parts of a filler, and 2 parts of a coupling agent.
The bio-based material is amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber in a weight ratio of 2: 4: 15, the amino polysaccharide is chitosan, the starch is provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the biodegradable material comprises polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and poly adipic acid/polybutylene terephthalate in a weight ratio of 1: 4: 3, the polyolefin is polyethylene and is purchased from Wenge plasticizing Co., Ltd, Suzhou city, and is sold as Iranite B L3, and the filler is silicon dioxide and is purchased from Shanghai super-Wei nanometer science Co., Ltd, and is sold as CW-SiO2001, wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 4
Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from, by weight, 2 parts of a biodegradable material, 80 parts of a bio-based material, 20 parts of polyolefin, 5 parts of a filler, and 5 parts of a coupling agent.
The bio-based material is amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber, the weight ratio of the amino polysaccharide to the starch is 4: 6: 15, the amino polysaccharide is chitosan, the starch is provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the biodegradable material comprises polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and poly adipic acid/polybutylene terephthalate, the weight ratio of the polycaprolactone to the poly polyvinyl alcohol to the poly adipic acid/polybutylene terephthalate is 1: 5: 7, the polyolefin is polyethylene and is purchased from Wen Ge plasticizing Co., Ltd, the brand number of the polyolefin is Iranite B L3, the filler is silicon dioxide and is purchased from Shanghai ultra Wei nanometer science and technology Co., Ltd, the model number of the filler is CW-SiO2001, wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 5
Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is prepared from, by weight, 3 parts of a biodegradable material, 81 parts of a bio-based material, 10 parts of polyolefin, 3 parts of a filler, and 3 parts of a coupling agent.
The bio-based material is amino polysaccharide, starch and straw fiber, the weight ratio of the amino polysaccharide to the starch is 3: 4.5: 15, the amino polysaccharide is chitosan, the starch is provided by tartary buckwheat powder, the biodegradable material comprises polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol and poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, the weight ratio of the polycaprolactone to the poly vinyl alcohol to the poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate is 1: 5: 7, the polyolefin is polyethylene and is purchased from Wen plasticizing Co., Ltd, the brand number of the polyolefin is Iranization B L3, the filler is silicon dioxide and is purchased from Shanghai ultra Wei nanometer science and technology Co., Ltd, and the filler is CW-SiO2001, wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 6
Example 6 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is similar to example 5 except that the sugar is trehalose.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 7
Example 7 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is similar to example 5 except that the starch is obtained from Shanxi Zhongnuo Biotech Co., Ltd., CAS: 9005-82-7.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 8
Example 8 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is similar to example 5 except that the coupling agent is gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 9
Example 9 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is the same as example 5 in the specific implementation manner, except that the filler is calcium carbonate, which is purchased from Qingyuan peak powder Co., Ltd., and has a model number of GF-1250.
And preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 10
The embodiment 10 of the invention provides a degradable material, which is the same as the embodiment 5 in the specific implementation manner, and is different in that the bio-based material is amino polysaccharide and straw fiber, and the weight ratio of the amino polysaccharide to the straw fiber is 3: 15.
and preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Example 11
Example 11 of the present invention provides a degradable material, which is the same as example 5 in the specific implementation manner, except that the bio-based material is starch and straw fiber, and the weight ratio of the bio-based material to the straw fiber is 4.5: 15.
and preparing the garbage can according to the degradable material.
The preparation method of the garbage can comprises the following steps: drying the degradable material, putting the dried degradable material into a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, putting the mixture into an injection molding machine, performing injection molding at 260 ℃, shaping, and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
The plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate, the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the polyethylene wax is purchased from Jiashan Sanyi New materials Co., Ltd and has the model of L020P.
Performance evaluation
1. Tensile strength: the tensile strength of the degradable materials obtained in examples 1 to 11 was tested according to GB/T1447-2005 test standard.
2. Degradation speed: burying the degradable material obtained in the embodiment 1-11 in soil, and recording the weight loss condition of the degradable material after 50 days; weight loss ratio (%) - (pre-degradation mass-post-degradation mass)/pre-degradation mass 100%.
TABLE 1
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | Weight loss ratio (%) | |
| Example 1 | 38 | 92 |
| Example 2 | 44 | 86 |
| Example 3 | 42 | 94 |
| Example 4 | 45 | 82 |
| Example 5 | 46 | 90 |
| Example 6 | 42 | 80 |
| Example 7 | 40 | 77 |
| Example 8 | 34 | 80 |
| Example 9 | 37 | 82 |
| Example 10 | 42 | 75 |
| Example 11 | 41 | 78 |
From the test results in table 1, it can be seen that the degradable material provided by the present invention has high mechanical strength, and is degraded rapidly, thereby avoiding white pollution.
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and serve to explain some of the features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to claim as broad a scope as is contemplated, and the examples presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations in accordance with all possible combinations of examples. Accordingly, it is applicants' intention that the appended claims are not to be limited by the choice of examples illustrating features of the invention. Also, where numerical ranges are used in the claims, subranges therein are included, and variations in these ranges are also to be construed as possible being covered by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A degradable material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 0-100 parts of a bio-based material, 0-100 parts of a biodegradable material, 0-20 parts of polyolefin, 2-5 parts of a filler and 2-5 parts of a coupling agent, wherein the weight parts of the bio-based material, the biodegradable material and the polyolefin are not 0 at the same time, and the coupling agent comprises at least one of vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and a titanate coupling agent.
2. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein the raw materials for preparing the degradable material comprise a biodegradable material and a bio-based material, and the weight ratio of the biodegradable material to the bio-based material is 1: (0.02-50).
3. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein the bio-based material comprises at least one of a sugar, a starch, a vegetable oil, straw fiber, and polylactic acid.
4. The degradable material of claim 3 wherein the saccharide comprises an aminopolysaccharide.
5. The degradable material of claim 4 wherein the bio-based material comprises an aminopolysaccharide, starch and straw fiber.
6. The degradable material of claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the aminopolysaccharide, the starch and the straw fiber is (2-4): (4-6): 15.
7. the degradable material of claim 1, wherein the biodegradable material comprises at least one of polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyvinyl alcohol, polybutylene adipate/terephthalate, polybutylene succinate, and poly- β -hydroxybutyrate.
8. The degradable material of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the coupling agent comprises vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
9. A plastic product prepared from the degradable material of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The plastic article of claim 9, wherein the plastic article comprises a trash can, and the method of making the trash can comprises: drying the degradable material, placing the dried degradable material in a mixing roll, fully and uniformly mixing, adding an injection molding aid, then putting the mixture into an injection molding machine for injection molding, shaping and taking out to obtain the degradable material; the injection molding aid comprises a plasticizer and a lubricant.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112724764A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-30 | 吉安天晟新材料有限公司 | Multifunctional multicolor paint and application thereof |
| CN115093640A (en) * | 2022-07-30 | 2022-09-23 | 山东立卓睡眠科技有限公司 | Degradable PE fiber tube, preparation method and application of degradable PE fiber tube as pillow inner filler |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112724764A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-30 | 吉安天晟新材料有限公司 | Multifunctional multicolor paint and application thereof |
| CN115093640A (en) * | 2022-07-30 | 2022-09-23 | 山东立卓睡眠科技有限公司 | Degradable PE fiber tube, preparation method and application of degradable PE fiber tube as pillow inner filler |
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