CN111453707A - Phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment of yellow phosphorus production usefulness - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a phosphorus coal-making equipment for producing yellow phosphorus, which belongs to the technical field of chemical industry. The phosphorus coal ball making equipment includes a machine base, a feeding hopper, an extruding barrel, a scraping drum and a deceleration motor. An outer shield is fixed at the lower end of the extrusion drum. The shell is fixed on the outer shield, the scraping drum is in the shape of a cone with the small diameter end facing upward, the outer shield is sleeved outside the scraping drum, and the outer wall of the scraping drum is evenly provided with a number of scrapers in the circumferential direction. The upper end of the extruder extends into the extrusion barrel, and the outer shield is provided with a number of extrusion holes corresponding to each scraper one-to-one, and the extrusion holes communicate with the inner cavity of the extrusion barrel and the inner cavity of the outer shield; The upper end is fixed with an extrusion screw located in the extrusion barrel, and the feeding hopper is fixed on the extrusion barrel; a material trough is formed between adjacent scrapers, and the lower end of the material trough has a material receiving plate fixed on the machine base. The invention has the advantages that the blanks can be prevented from sticking to each other during the discharging process.

Description

A kind of phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and relates to a phosphorus coal-making equipment for producing yellow phosphorus.

Background technique

Yellow phosphorus is an important basic industrial raw material, mainly used to prepare phosphoric acid, phosphide, phosphate, etc. It is widely used in fertilizer, feed industry, food processing industry, construction industry, medicine, electronics industry and many other fields.

At present, the main method of industrial production of yellow phosphorus is the electric furnace method, that is, phosphate rock, silica, and coke are placed in an electric furnace in a certain proportion and particle size, and a reduction reaction occurs at a high temperature of 1400 ° C, and the phosphorus vapor is cooled and washed together with the furnace dust. After the yellow phosphorus product is obtained, phosphate rock, silica, coke and water are mixed in a certain proportion to make spherical blanks, which are then put into an electric furnace for sintering. The mixture is bonded, but the blanks will be bonded to each other under the action of extrusion and weighing during the discharge process of the ball making process and before being sintered in the electric furnace, so that the sintering process cannot fully react or the reaction does not occur. The original purpose of ball making is to free up the gap between particles during the sintering process to facilitate uniform heating and sufficient reaction. However, due to the mutual bonding caused by the mutual extrusion of the blanks, the reaction efficiency and heat utilization rate are greatly reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a kind of phosphor coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of phosphorus coal ball making equipment for yellow phosphorus production, it is characterized in that, the phosphorus coal ball making equipment comprises a machine base, a feeding hopper, an extrusion barrel, a scraping drum and a deceleration motor , the lower end of the extrusion barrel is fixedly provided with an outer shield, the outer shield is fixed on the machine base, the scraping drum is connected with the output shaft of the deceleration motor, and the shell of the deceleration motor is fixed on the outer shield On the cover, the scraping drum is in the shape of a cone with a small diameter end facing upward, the outer shield is sleeved outside the scraping drum, and a number of scrapers are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the scraping drum. The upper end of the outer shield extends into the extrusion barrel, the outer shield is provided with a number of extrusion holes corresponding to each scraper one-to-one, and the extrusion holes communicate with the inner cavity of the extrusion barrel and the outer shield. The upper end of the scraping drum is fixed with an extrusion screw located in the extrusion barrel, and the feeding hopper is fixed on the extrusion barrel; a trough is formed between adjacent scrapers, and the trough is The lower end has a material receiving plate fixed on the machine base.

In the above-mentioned phosphor coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production, the scraper is a flat plate with a notch on the inner wall surface.

In the above-mentioned phosphor coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production, a heating chamber is provided in the scraping drum, and a return pipe is fixed on the output shaft of the deceleration motor, and the return pipe is connected to the scraping drum. The cylinder is fixedly connected, the return pipe is rotatably connected with a hollow rotating cylinder fixed on the machine base, the hollow rotating cylinder is communicated with the return pipe, the hollow rotating cylinder is connected with a ventilation pipe, and the ventilation pipe is connected with the outer shield. The top of the scraping drum is connected with the top of the scraper drum, and the bottom of the scraping drum is provided with overflow holes corresponding to each material trough one-to-one. The upper end of the material trough is communicated with the top of the outer shield. The ventilation pipe is provided with a blower for blowing the hot air in the outer shield into the heating chamber.

In the above-mentioned phosphorus coal ball-making equipment for yellow phosphorus production, the blower includes a valve body fixed on the upper end of the extrusion barrel, the valve body has a valve cavity, and the top of the outer shield is rotatably connected with a rotary The rotating rod is a hollow tube, the top of the rotating rod is connected with an impeller, the impeller is located in the valve cavity, the extrusion screw is fixed on the rotating rod, and the valve cavity is connected with the ventilation pipe.

In the above-mentioned phosphor coal-making equipment for producing yellow phosphorus, the impeller includes a plurality of blades evenly distributed on the rotating rod in the circumferential direction, and the blades include a connecting part located on the outer wall surface of the rotating rod and a connecting part located on the rotating rod. The negative pressure part at the top of the rod, the outer end of the connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer end of the negative pressure part.

In the above-mentioned phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production, a filter screen is provided on the outer casing of the return pipe.

In the above-mentioned phosphorus coal-making equipment for producing yellow phosphorus, the outer shield closes the top of the trough.

The sealing referred to here is not a seal, but a notch of a matching scraper, so that the blank will not be in contact with the outer shield, and at the same time, the direction of the airflow is increased, so that most of the airflow flows from bottom to top in the trough.

In the above-mentioned phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment for yellow phosphorus production, a drying box is provided on the ventilation pipe, and the drying box is filled with oil desiccant.

The air flow in the ventilation pipe is dehydrated by a replaceable solid desiccant, which avoids the high humidity of the gas entering the heating chamber and affects the drying effect of the blank. The desiccant is silica gel dry particles with reduced shells.

A phosphate coal external dry pelletizing process for the production of yellow phosphorus, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: mixing phosphate rock powder, silica powder, coke powder and water in proportion, sending them into an extrusion barrel, and extruding Under the action of the screw, the mixture is extruded into the trough, and the gear motor drives the scraper on the scraping drum to scrape the material from the extrusion hole into the trough. Under the action of the blower, the air flow enters the trough from the bottom of the trough. , and accompanied by heating, the exhaust gas carrying powder enters the ventilation pipe from the rotating rod, and finally enters the heating chamber, the pressure in the heating chamber rises, and part of the exhaust gas enters the trough again. The blanks are preliminarily dried, and the dried and flattened outer surfaces of the blanks are collected at the splice plate.

After the material is extruded by the extrusion screw, it is discharged from the extrusion hole, and is cut into each trough under the action of the scraper. , rounded, and dropped into the receiving plate from the bottom of the trough.

Because the phosphorus-coal mixture is cut under the action of the scraper, and it enters into each trough in turn, so that the blanks in the trough are not squeezed against each other. During the process of heating and rolling down the blank, the outer surface of the blank contacting the outer wall of the scraping drum is constantly switched, so that the outer wall surface of the blank is dried to be difficult to deform during the forming process, that is, the blank as a whole has a certain anti-deformation load-bearing ability.

The exhaust gas is circulated by a blower. The blower drives the impeller to rotate for the rotating rod, so that the exhaust gas in the rotating rod is sucked into the valve body at the top of the rotating rod. The inclined sheet structure of the connecting part of the blade can squeeze the exhaust gas in the valve cavity into the valve body. In the ventilation pipe, the negative pressure part of each blade forms a turbine located above the rotating rod, which sucks the exhaust gas in the rotating rod and makes it enter the valve cavity. There is a gap between the top of the rotating rod and the top wall of the valve cavity.

There are two paths for the exhaust gas, one is that the fresh air at the bottom of the trough enters the top of the trough, and then enters the ventilation pipe through the rotating rod, and finally enters the heating chamber through the return pipe and the filter screen, and the other is heated and pressurized in the heating chamber. The exhaust gas enters the bottom of the trough through the overflow hole, and then mixes with the gas in the first path. In this way, the exhaust gas is not only filtered, so that the filter residue does not enter the circulation, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas is recycled. Use, will not cause the problem of exhaust emissions.

This equipment completes material extrusion, scraping, balling, and waste gas circulation through a geared motor, which greatly simplifies the structure. The waste gas circulation not only collects the residue, preheats the waste gas for reuse, but also preheats the blank. Dry, so that the blank will not be greatly deformed when it falls into the receiving plate. During the sintering process of the electric furnace, a certain amount of accumulation will not cause mutual bonding, which is very good for the uniformity and high efficiency of the sintering reaction. big positive effect.

The speed of the geared motor corresponds to the ball making efficiency, and the exhaust gas circulation efficiency can also be matched with it, which can ensure that the particle size of the blank is uniform and the drying degree of the blank is uniform.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ball making equipment.

Figure 2 is a top view of the scraping drum.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1 .

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blower.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 1 .

In the figure, 1, machine base, 11, extrusion barrel; 12, outer shield; 13, geared motor; 14, feeding hopper; 2, scraping drum; 21, scraper; 22, extrusion hole; 23, Material trough; 24, receiving plate; 25, heating chamber; 31, return pipe; 32, hollow drum; 33, ventilation pipe; 34, overflow hole; 41, valve body; 42, valve cavity; 43, rotating rod 44, impeller; 45, connecting part; 46, negative pressure part; 5, filter screen; 6, heater; 7, extrusion screw; 8, drying oven.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, the phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment includes a machine base 1, a feeding hopper 14, an extrusion barrel 11, a scraping drum 2 and a deceleration motor 13, and the extrusion barrel 11 An outer shield 12 is fixed at the lower end of the hood, the outer shield 12 is fixed on the machine base 1, the scraping drum 2 is connected with the output shaft of the deceleration motor 13, and the shell of the deceleration motor 13 is fixed on the outer shield 12, scraping the material The rotating drum 2 is in the shape of a cone with the small diameter end facing upward. The outer shield 12 is sleeved outside the scraping drum. A number of scrapers 21 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the scraping drum in the circumferential direction. The upper end of the outer shield 12 extends into the extrusion. Inside the barrel 11, the outer shield 12 is provided with a number of extrusion holes 22 corresponding to each scraper 21 one-to-one. The extrusion holes 22 communicate with the inner cavity of the extrusion barrel 11 and the inner cavity of the outer shield 12; the scraping drum The upper end of 2 is fixedly provided with an extrusion screw 7 located in the extrusion barrel 11, and the feeding hopper 14 is fixed on the extrusion barrel 11; a material chute 23 is formed between the adjacent scrapers 21, and the lower end of the material chute 23 has a fixed The feeder plate 24 and the scraper 21 on the machine base 1 are straight plates with notches on the inner wall surface.

There is a heating chamber 25 in the scraping drum 2, a return pipe 31 is fixed on the output shaft of the deceleration motor 13, the return pipe 31 is fixedly connected with the scraping drum 2, and the return pipe 31 is rotatably connected with a fixed on the machine base 1. The hollow rotating drum 32 on the upper part, the hollow rotating drum 32 is communicated with the return pipe 31, the hollow rotating drum 32 is connected with a ventilation pipe 33, and the ventilation pipe 33 is communicated with the top of the outer shield 12. One-to-one corresponding overflow holes 34 of the trough 23, the upper end of the trough 23 communicates with the top of the outer shield 12, the heater 6 is arranged in the heating chamber 25, and the ventilation pipe 33 is provided with a hot air drum to the outer shield 12. blower into the heating chamber 25.

The blower includes a valve body 41 fixed on the upper end of the extrusion barrel 11. The valve body 41 has a valve cavity 42. The top of the outer shield 12 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 43. The rotating rod 43 is a hollow tube, and the top of the rotating rod 43 is rotatably connected. An impeller 44 is connected, the impeller 44 is located in the valve cavity 42 , the extrusion screw 7 is fixed on the rotating rod 43 , and the valve cavity 42 is connected with the ventilation pipe 33 .

The impeller 44 includes a number of blades evenly distributed on the rotating rod 43 in the circumferential direction. The blades include a connecting part 45 fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 43 and a negative pressure part 46 located at the top of the rotating rod 43. The outer end of the connecting part 45 is connected to the The outer ends of the negative pressure portion 46 are fixedly connected.

A filter screen 5 is provided on the outer casing of the return pipe 31, and the outer shield 12 closes the top of the material trough 23. The closure here is not a seal, but is matched with the notch of the scraper 21, so that the blank will not be connected with the outer shield 12. Contact, and at the same time increase the direction of the airflow, so that most of the airflow flows in the trough 23 from bottom to top.

A drying box 8 is arranged on the ventilation pipe 33, and the drying box 8 is filled with oil desiccant, and the air flow in the ventilation pipe 33 is dehydrated through the replaceable solid desiccant, so as to avoid the high humidity of the gas entering the heating chamber 25 and affect the blank. The drying effect of the parts is achieved, and the desiccant is dried silica gel particles with reduced shells.

Phosphorus coal external dry pelletizing process for yellow phosphorus production includes the following steps: mixing phosphate rock powder, silica powder, coke powder and water in proportion, sending it into the extrusion barrel 11, and under the action of the extrusion screw 7, the The mixture is extruded into the trough 23, and the gear motor 13 drives the scraper 21 on the scraping drum 2 to scrape the material coming out of the extrusion hole 22 into the trough 23. Under the action of the blower, the air flow enters the material from the bottom of the trough 23. In the tank 23 and accompanied by heating, the exhaust gas carrying the powder enters the ventilation pipe 33 from the rotating rod 43, and finally enters the heating chamber 25, the air pressure in the heating chamber 25 rises, and part of the exhaust gas enters the material tank 23 again. The phosphorus coal blanks rolled from top to bottom are preliminarily dried, and the blanks whose outer surfaces are dried and leveled are collected at the receiving plate 24 .

After the material is extruded by the extrusion screw 7, it is discharged from the extrusion hole 22, and is cut into each material trough 23 under the action of the scraper 21, and the material enters the material trough 23. , the blank is compacted, rounded, and falls into the receiving plate 24 from the bottom of the trough 23 .

Because the phosphorus-coal mixture is cut under the action of the scraper 21 and enters into the troughs 23 in turn, so that the blanks in the troughs 23 are not pressed against each other, the heaters in the heating chamber 25 are 6 pairs of The scraping drum 2 is heated, and during the process of rolling down the blank, the outer surface of the blank contacting the outer wall of the scraping drum 2 is constantly switched, so that the outer wall surface of the blank is dried to be difficult to deform during the forming process, that is, the blank The whole has a certain anti-deformation and load-bearing capacity.

The circulation of the exhaust gas is carried out by a blower. The blower drives the impeller 44 to rotate for the rotating rod 43, so that the exhaust gas in the rotating rod 43 is sucked into the valve body 41 on the top of the rotating rod 43. The exhaust gas in the valve cavity 42 is squeezed into the ventilation pipe 33, and the negative pressure part 46 of each blade forms a turbine located above the rotating rod 43, and the exhaust gas in the rotating rod 43 is sucked out so that it enters the valve cavity 42 and rotates. There is a gap between the top of the rod 43 and the top wall of the valve cavity 42 .

There are two paths for the exhaust gas. One is that the fresh air at the bottom of the trough 23 enters the top of the trough 23, then enters the ventilation pipe 33 through the rotating rod 43, and finally enters the heating chamber 25 through the return pipe 31 and the filter screen 5, and the other is for heating The heated and pressurized exhaust gas in the cavity 25 enters the bottom of the trough 23 through the overflow hole 34, and is then mixed with the gas in the first path. This cycle not only filters the exhaust gas, but also prevents the filter residue from entering. Circulation, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas is reused, which will not cause the problem of exhaust gas emission.

This equipment completes material extrusion, scraping, balling, and waste gas circulation through a geared motor 13, which greatly simplifies the structure. The waste gas circulation not only collects the residue, preheats the waste gas for reuse, but also mainly processes the blanks. Pre-drying, so that the blank will not be greatly deformed when it falls on the receiving plate 24. During the sintering process of the electric furnace, a certain amount of accumulation will not cause mutual bonding, and the uniformity and high efficiency of the sintering reaction will not be affected. There is a huge positive effect.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute in similar manners, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definitions of the appended claims range.

Claims (8)

1. The phosphorus coal pelletizing equipment for producing yellow phosphorus is characterized by comprising a base (1), a feeding hopper (14), an extruding barrel (11), a scraping rotary drum (2) and a speed reducing motor (13), wherein an outer protective cover (12) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extruding barrel (11), the outer protective cover (12) is fixed on the base (1), the scraping rotary drum (2) is connected with an output shaft of the speed reducing motor (13), a shell of the speed reducing motor (13) is fixed on the outer protective cover (12), the scraping rotary drum (2) is in a conical shape with a small diameter end upwards, the outer protective cover (12) is sleeved outside the scraping barrel, a plurality of scraping plates (21) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall surface of the scraping barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper end of the outer protective cover (12) extends into the extruding barrel (11), a plurality of extruding holes (22) corresponding to the scraping plates (21) one by one are formed in the outer protective cover (12), the extrusion hole (22) is communicated with the inner cavity of the extrusion barrel (11) and the inner cavity of the outer shield (12); an extrusion screw (7) positioned in an extrusion barrel (11) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the scraping rotary drum (2), and the feeding hopper (14) is fixed on the extrusion barrel (11); a trough (23) is formed between the adjacent scrapers (21), and the lower end of the trough (23) is provided with a material receiving plate (24) fixed on the base (1).

2. The phosphorus coal briquetting apparatus for producing yellow phosphorus according to claim 1, wherein said scraper (21) is a flat plate having a notch on its inner wall.

3. The phosphorus coal pelletizing device for producing yellow phosphorus according to claim 2, characterized in that the scraping rotating drum (2) is provided therein with a heating chamber (25), the output shaft of the decelerating motor (13) is fixedly provided with a return pipe (31), the return pipe (31) is fixedly connected with the scraping rotating drum (2), the return pipe (31) is rotatably connected with a hollow rotating drum (32) fixed on the machine base (1), the hollow rotating drum (32) is communicated with the return pipe (31), the hollow rotating drum (32) is connected with a vent pipe (33), the vent pipe (33) is communicated with the top of the outer shield (12), the bottom of the scraping rotating drum (2) is provided with overflow holes (34) corresponding to the material tanks (23), the upper ends of the material tanks (23) are communicated with the top of the outer shield (12), the heating chamber (25) is provided therein with a heater (6), the ventilating pipe (33) is provided with a blower for blowing hot air in the outer shield (12) into the heating cavity (25).

4. The phosphorus coal pelletizing device for producing yellow phosphorus according to claim 3, characterized in that the blower comprises a valve body (41) fixed on the upper end of the extrusion barrel (11), the valve body (41) is internally provided with a valve cavity (42), the top of the outer shield (12) is rotatably connected with a rotating rod (43), the rotating rod (43) is a hollow tube, the top of the rotating rod (43) is connected with an impeller (44), the impeller (44) is positioned in the valve cavity (42), the extrusion screw (7) is fixed on the rotating rod (43), and the valve cavity (42) is connected with the vent pipe (33).

5. The phosphorus coal pelletizing device for producing yellow phosphorus according to claim 4, characterized in that the impeller (44) comprises a plurality of blades evenly distributed on the rotating rod (43) in the circumferential direction, the blades comprise a connecting part (45) fixed on the outer wall surface of the rotating rod (43) and a negative pressure part (46) arranged at the top of the rotating rod (43), and the outer end of the connecting part (45) is fixedly connected with the outer end of the negative pressure part (46).

6. A phosphorus coal pelletizing device for yellow phosphorus production according to claim 3, characterized in that the return pipe (31) is provided with a screen (5) around it.

7. The apparatus for producing briquettes with phosphorus for yellow phosphorus in claim 1, wherein the outer cover (12) closes the top of the trough (23).

8. The phosphorus coal pelletizing device for producing yellow phosphorus according to claim 3, characterized in that the ventilating pipe (33) is provided with a drying box (8), and the drying box (8) is filled with oil drying agent.

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