CN111430727B - A thermocatalytically assisted fuel cell electrode and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A thermocatalytically assisted fuel cell electrode and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种热催化辅助的燃料电池电极，由浸渍多孔基底层、一侧表面涂覆电催化剂的多孔基底、浸渍有磷酸的聚苯并咪唑薄膜层叠而成，表面涂覆电催化剂的多孔基底一侧面向聚苯并咪唑薄膜一侧；浸渍多孔基底层中多孔基底内浸入材料为具有强催化氧化性质的催化材料、聚苯并咪唑粉末材料和磷酸。该电极具有高的燃料选择范围、高能量转换效率、低材料成本等优点，可广泛应用于便携式电源、动力电源、固定式电站等领域。
The invention relates to a fuel cell electrode assisted by thermal catalysis. One side of the substrate faces the side of the polybenzimidazole film; in the impregnated porous substrate layer, the impregnated materials in the porous substrate are catalytic materials with strong catalytic oxidation properties, polybenzimidazole powder materials and phosphoric acid. The electrode has the advantages of high fuel selection range, high energy conversion efficiency, low material cost, etc., and can be widely used in portable power sources, power sources, stationary power stations and other fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell electrode assisted by thermal catalysis, in particular to a bifunctional electrode which utilizes the coupling of the thermal catalysis and the electrocatalysis of a fuel cell.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the thermocatalytically assisted fuel cell electrode.
Background
With the development of civil wearable electronic equipment, electric automobiles, military high-power laser weapons and the like, a single power supply is difficult to meet the requirements, biomass and fossil fuels with wide sources can be used for power generation, and a composite power supply capable of stably discharging for a long time and instantly discharging with large current becomes a development trend.
Variable fuel based fuel cell technology currently generally employs several different types of technical routes. Firstly, a fuel high-temperature reforming hydrogen production technology is adopted, biomass/fossil fuels such as methanol, ethanol, gasoline, diesel oil and the like are subjected to a series of catalytic reforming processes to prepare a hydrogen-rich gas fuel, and then the fuel cell is subjected to anodic oxidation reaction to realize discharge. The core of the technical route is still based on a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, the fuel cell adopting a low-temperature perfluorosulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membrane system has high requirements on fuel purity due to extremely high toxicity of an anode Pt-based electrocatalyst, and the concentration of carbon monoxide in reformed hydrogen fuel is usually not higher than 10ppm, so that a multi-stage purification device needs to be added into a reformed hydrogen production system, thereby greatly increasing the complexity of a front-end fuel processing system. Secondly, the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell is adopted, oxygen ions are generated under the high-temperature condition, the ion conduction is realized through a ceramic electrolyte membrane, and further, the direct oxidation of various fuels such as hydrogen, methane, methanol and the like is realized. Although the technology has extremely low electrochemical polarization under high temperature, high cell performance and efficiency and a simpler all-solid-state structural system, the technology still has the defects of harsh operation conditions of the high-temperature system, serious carbon deposition of carbonaceous fuel, poor electrode stability and the like, and has relatively limited selectivity to the fuel. Thirdly, adopting the biofuel cell technology including the microbial catalytic oxidation. The technology utilizes biological catalysis processes of microorganisms, enzymes and the like to realize catalytic oxidation of various organic small molecules or macromolecules such as carbohydrates, cellulose, lignin and the like, thereby realizing the discharge of a battery system. The biofuel cell has certain catalytic activity on most of long carbon chain biomass materials due to the efficient biocatalytic reaction process, the fuel source is extremely wide, the biocatalytic reaction condition is mild, harsh reaction environments such as high temperature, high pressure, strong acid and alkali are not needed, and the adaptability of a cell system is strong. However, the key technical challenges still face are that the dynamics of the biocatalysis process is very slow, the discharge performance of a single cell of the biofuel cell is 5 to 6 orders of magnitude lower than the highest power density of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, the practical application can hardly be realized, and the application value of the power supply of national defense equipment with high specific energy and high specific power is difficult to realize.
Aiming at the current research situation, the invention provides a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell composite power supply combining photo-thermal catalysis so as to realize direct electrochemical utilization of biomass fuels and fossil fuels with wide sources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel thermocatalysis-assisted fuel cell electrode, which has a thermocatalysis mechanism and an electrochemical catalysis mechanism at the same time, and the two processes realize coupling work through in-situ combination of the electrode. The electrode has the advantages of wide fuel selection range, high energy conversion efficiency, low material cost and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of portable power supplies, fixed power stations and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme to realize the purpose:
a thermocatalytic assisted fuel cell electrode comprises two parts, namely a thermocatalytic electrode structure and an electrocatalytic fuel cell electrode, and a connection mode and a coupling structure of the two electrodes.
The fuel which can be directly utilized by the composite structure electrode comprises one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, gasoline, diesel oil, starch, cellulose, lignin and protein;
the preparation of the thermocatalytically assisted fuel cell electrode comprises the following steps:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing a catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property at the temperature of 100-300 ℃ and a polybenzimidazole powder material in a dimethylformamide solution according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to 1:1, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 1-20%, and fully and ultrasonically stirring the catalytic material and the polybenzimidazole powder material for 1-8 hours at the temperature of room temperature to 80 ℃; adding the mixed slurry into 0.5 to 5 times of concentrated phosphoric acid, and stirring for 1 to 8 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 200 ℃ to fully volatilize the volatile solvent; soaking the mixed slurry in a porous substrate to obtain a catalyst loading of 0.5-10mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing a certain mass of electrocatalyst in dimethylformamide or dimethylacethylAdding polybenzimidazole powder accounting for 5-50% of the mass of the electrocatalyst into an amine solution or a mixed solvent of the amine solution and the mixed solvent, stirring for 1-8 hours at the temperature of room temperature to 80 ℃ to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1-4 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on the surface of a porous substrate to ensure that the catalyst loading is 0.5-10mg/cm2And soaking the mixture in concentrated phosphoric acid at room temperature to 200 ℃ for 4-48 hours for later use after fully drying.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, pressing a Pt/C electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer on a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis-assisted fuel cell electrode.
The catalytic material with strong oxidizing property adopted in the step a is the key for ensuring the full oxidation of the fuel, and the pre-oxidized fuel can be further subjected to an electrochemical oxidation process in a fuel cell electrode;
the polybenzimidazole material adopted in the step b aims to ensure the consistency of ion and substance transmission of the thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode and the electrocatalytic electrode;
the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property of the thermocatalysis auxiliary electrode component in the thermocatalysis auxiliary fuel cell electrode is one or more of phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid and phosphovanadic acid;
the porous substrate of the thermocatalysis auxiliary electrode component in the thermocatalysis auxiliary fuel cell electrode is one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by the carbon paper or an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by the carbon cloth;
the electrocatalyst in the fuel cell electrode component is one or more of carbon-supported platinum, carbon-supported platinum ruthenium alloy, carbon-supported platinum palladium alloy, carbon-supported platinum tin alloy, platinum black and platinum ruthenium black;
the porous substrate in the fuel cell electrode component is a carbon paper or carbon cloth supported activated carbon gas diffusion layer substrate;
the composite electrode can be used in the fields of portable power supplies, fixed power stations and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, wide fuel selection range: compared with a single-component material, the material with the overlapped structure prepared by the invention can simultaneously exert two or more physical characteristics;
2, high catalytic activity characteristics: the composite material prepared by the invention can improve the physicochemical activity of the material based on the interaction of electronic regulation and the like among various components;
3, high energy conversion efficiency: the lamellar structure prepared by the invention has higher specific surface area, and most of the lamellar structure is exposed in mesopores and macropores, thereby being more beneficial to the full exposure of the active surface;
4, the practicability is strong: the preparation process of the invention does not need to adopt harsh conditions, can modulate the components thereof according to the requirements of application targets, and has wide applicable range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation route and a structure of the composite electrode of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the results of photothermal effect tests of the electrode prepared according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the electrode prepared in example 1 showed a significant photo-thermal energy conversion phenomenon compared to comparative example 1 under the irradiation of near infrared light having a wavelength of 869 nm.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing phosphotungstic acid and polybenzimidazole powder materials in a dimethylformamide solution according to the mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 10%, and fully and ultrasonically stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃; adding 2 times of concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85 percent into the mixed slurryStirring for 2 hours at 150 ℃ to fully volatilize the volatile solvent; the mixed slurry was impregnated into carbon paper so that the catalyst loading was 5mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing carbon-supported platinum in a certain mass into a dimethylformamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 30mg/ml, adding polybenzimidazole powder accounting for 20% of the mass ratio of the electrocatalyst, stirring at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on the surface of an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by carbon paper to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 5mg/cm2After fully dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at 200 ℃ for 12 hours for use.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, using a Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer as a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis assisted fuel cell electrode.
Comparative example 1:
the preparation of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrodes of conventional structure. Dispersing carbon-supported platinum in a certain mass into a dimethylformamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 30mg/ml, adding polybenzimidazole powder accounting for 20% of the mass ratio of the electrocatalyst, stirring at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on the surface of an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by carbon paper to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 5mg/cm2After fully dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at 200 ℃ for 12 hours for use. The porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst prepared in the step is pressed and impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85 percent on one side of the electrocatalystThe polybenzimidazole membrane is used as the anode of the fuel cell, the Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer is used as the cathode, and the high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrode with the traditional structure is obtained after pressing.
Comparative example 2:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing a polybenzimidazole powder material into a dimethylformamide solution, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 5%, and fully and ultrasonically stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃; adding the mixed slurry into 2 times of concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85%, and stirring at 150 ℃ for 2 hours to fully volatilize the volatile solvent; the mixed slurry was impregnated into carbon paper so that the catalyst loading was 5mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing carbon-supported platinum in a certain mass into a dimethylformamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 30mg/ml, adding polybenzimidazole powder accounting for 20% of the mass ratio of the electrocatalyst, stirring at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on the surface of an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by carbon paper to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 5mg/cm2After fully dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at 200 ℃ for 12 hours for use.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, using a Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer as a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis assisted fuel cell electrode.
It is difficult to achieve sufficient oxidation of the fuel with electrodes without thermal catalyst support, and the electrode performance is low compared to the examples.
Comparative example 3:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing phosphotungstic acid and polybenzimidazole powder materials in a dimethylformamide solution according to the mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 10%, and fully and ultrasonically stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃; adding the mixed slurry into 2 times of concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85%, and stirring at 150 ℃ for 2 hours to fully volatilize the volatile solvent; the mixed slurry was impregnated into carbon paper so that the catalyst loading was 5mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing carbon-supported platinum in a certain mass into a dimethylformamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 30mg/ml, stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃ to fully dissolve the carbon-supported platinum, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 2 hours to fully mix catalyst powder; coating the slurry on the surface of an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by carbon paper to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 5mg/cm2After fully dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at 200 ℃ for 12 hours for use.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, using a Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer as a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis assisted fuel cell electrode.
The fuel cell electrode does not contain polybenzimidazole materials, intermediate products in the thermocatalytic electrode are difficult to be effectively transmitted to the fuel cell electrode, and the fuel cannot be subjected to sufficient electrochemical oxidation.
Example 2:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing phosphomolybdic acid and polybenzimidazole powder materials in a dimethylformamide solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 20%, and the temperature is room temperatureFully and ultrasonically stirring for 8 hours; adding the mixed slurry into concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% which is 5 times that of the mixed slurry, and stirring for 2 hours at 200 ℃ to fully volatilize the volatile solvent in the mixed slurry; the mixed slurry was immersed in a carbon felt to achieve a catalyst loading of 10mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing platinum-ruthenium black with a certain mass into a dimethylacetamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 100mg/ml, adding polybenzimidazole powder which accounts for 50% of the mass of the electrocatalyst, stirring for 8 hours at room temperature to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 4 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on an activated carbon gas diffusion layer supported by carbon cloth to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 10mg/cm2After being sufficiently dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at room temperature for 48 hours for use.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, using a Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer as a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis assisted fuel cell electrode.
Example 3:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Dispersing phosphovanadate and polybenzimidazole powder materials in a dimethylformamide solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 20%, and fully and ultrasonically stirring for 8 hours at room temperature; adding the mixed slurry into concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% which is 5 times that of the mixed slurry, and stirring for 2 hours at 200 ℃ to fully volatilize the volatile solvent in the mixed slurry; soaking the mixed slurry in porous graphite to ensure that the catalyst loading is 10mg/cm2And (5) standby.
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
To be of a certain qualityDispersing carbon-supported platinum-tin alloy in a dimethylacetamide solvent, wherein the mass percentage concentration is 100mg/ml, adding polybenzimidazole powder accounting for 50% of the mass ratio of the electrocatalyst, stirring for 8 hours at room temperature to fully dissolve the polybenzimidazole powder, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 4 hours to fully mix the catalyst powder; coating the slurry on an activated carbon gas diffusion layer supported by carbon cloth to ensure that the catalyst loading capacity is 10mg/cm2After being sufficiently dried, the substrate was immersed in concentrated phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 85% and immersed at room temperature for 48 hours for use.
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) pressing the porous substrate carrying the thermal active catalyst in the step (a) and the porous substrate carrying the electrocatalyst in the step (b), pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 85% on one side of the electrocatalyst to serve as a fuel cell anode, using a Pt/C (60 wt.%) electrode carried by a commercial gas diffusion layer as a cathode, and pressing to obtain the prepared thermal catalysis assisted fuel cell electrode.
Claims (6)
1. A thermocatalytically assisted fuel cell electrode, characterized by:
the catalyst is formed by laminating a porous substrate layer, a porous substrate and a polybenzimidazole film, wherein the porous substrate is impregnated with the porous substrate, one side of the porous substrate is coated with the electrocatalyst, and the polybenzimidazole film is impregnated with phosphoric acid; the side of the porous substrate having the surface not coated with the electrocatalyst faces the side of the impregnated porous substrate layer;
immersing materials in the porous substrate in the impregnated porous substrate layer are a catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property, a polybenzimidazole powder material and phosphoric acid;
the loading of the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property in the impregnated porous substrate layer is 0.5-10mg/cm2The mass ratio of the catalytic material to the polybenzimidazole powder is 9:1 to 1:1, and the phosphoric acid loading is 0.5-10mg/cm2；
A porous substrate coated with an electrocatalyst on one surface and impregnated with phosphoric acid; phosphoric acid loading capacity of 0.5-10mg/cm2Electrocatalyst loading of0.5-10 mg/cm2；
The phosphoric acid-impregnated polybenzimidazole film has a phosphoric acid loading of 0.5-10mg/cm2。
2. The fuel cell electrode according to claim 1, wherein:
the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property in the impregnated porous substrate layer is one or more than two of phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid and phosphovanadic acid;
the porous substrate is one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, porous graphite, carbon felt and activated carbon;
the electric catalyst on the porous substrate is one or more than two of carbon-supported platinum, carbon-supported platinum ruthenium alloy, carbon-supported platinum palladium alloy, carbon-supported platinum tin alloy, platinum black and platinum ruthenium black.
3. A method of preparing an electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein:
a, preparation of a Thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component
Adding a catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property and polybenzimidazole powder into a dimethylformamide solution at the temperature of 100-300 ℃, and uniformly dispersing the catalytic material and the polybenzimidazole powder to obtain mixed slurry; adding the mixed slurry into concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 80-85% at the temperature of room temperature to 80 ℃, stirring at 100-200 ℃, and volatilizing the solvent; dipping the porous substrate in a solution obtained after the solvent is volatilized to obtain a thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component;
b, preparation of electrode Member for Fuel cell
Dispersing an electrocatalyst in a dimethylformamide solution or a dimethylacetamide solution or a mixed solvent of the two, adding polybenzimidazole powder, and fully mixing the polybenzimidazole powder by continuously stirring at the temperature of between room temperature and 80 ℃ to obtain catalyst slurry; coating the catalyst slurry on the surface of one side of a porous substrate, drying, and soaking in concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 80-85% to obtain a fuel cell electrode component;
c, preparation of composite electrode
And (b) oppositely pressing the thermocatalytic auxiliary electrode component in the step (a) and the surface of the non-catalyst-carrying side of the fuel cell electrode component in the step (b), and pressing a polybenzimidazole film impregnated with concentrated phosphoric acid with the mass concentration of 80-85% on the side with the electrocatalyst porous substrate to serve as a fuel cell anode to obtain the thermocatalytic auxiliary fuel cell electrode.
4. A method of preparing an electrode according to claim 3, wherein:
in the step a, the mass ratio of the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property to the polybenzimidazole powder material is 9:1 to 1:1, and the mass percentage concentration of the total mass of the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property to the polybenzimidazole powder material in the mixed solution is 1-20%; the adding mass of the concentrated phosphoric acid is 0.5-5 times of that of the mixed slurry;
the loading of the catalytic material in the porous substrate is 0.5-10mg/cm2。
5. A method of preparing an electrode according to claim 3, wherein: the catalytic material with strong catalytic oxidation property of the thermocatalysis auxiliary electrode component in the thermocatalysis auxiliary fuel cell electrode is one or more than two of phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid and phosphovanadic acid;
the porous substrate of the thermocatalysis auxiliary electrode component in the thermocatalysis auxiliary fuel cell electrode is one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon felt, an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by the carbon paper or an activated carbon gas diffusion layer carried by the carbon cloth;
the electrocatalyst in the fuel cell electrode component is one or more than two of carbon-supported platinum, carbon-supported platinum ruthenium alloy, carbon-supported platinum palladium alloy, carbon-supported platinum tin alloy, platinum black and platinum ruthenium black.
6. Use of an electrode according to any of claims 1-2, wherein: the fuel can be used in fuel cell, and the fuel directly used by the cell comprises one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, gasoline, diesel oil, starch, cellulose, lignin and protein.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000066652A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-09 | University Of Connecticut | Membranes, membrane electrode assemblies and fuel cells employing same, and process for preparing |
| CN1537340A (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2004-10-13 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly, method of preparing the same, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the same |
| CN1707832A (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-14 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell, manufacturing method thereof, and fuel cell comprising same |
| CN1891741A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-10 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Polymer membrane for fuel cell, method of preparing same and fuel cell system comprising same |
| CN103053058A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2013-04-17 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly, method for producing membrane electrode assembly, and fuel battery |
-
2018
- 2018-12-21 CN CN201811569392.8A patent/CN111430727B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000066652A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-09 | University Of Connecticut | Membranes, membrane electrode assemblies and fuel cells employing same, and process for preparing |
| CN1537340A (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2004-10-13 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly, method of preparing the same, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the same |
| CN1707832A (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-14 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell, manufacturing method thereof, and fuel cell comprising same |
| CN1891741A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-10 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Polymer membrane for fuel cell, method of preparing same and fuel cell system comprising same |
| CN103053058A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2013-04-17 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Membrane electrode assembly, method for producing membrane electrode assembly, and fuel battery |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| Effect of the catalytic ink preparation method on the performance of high temperature polymerelectrolyte membrane fuel cells;J. Lobato et al;《Journal of Power Sources》;20050922;第157卷(第1期);第284-292页 * |
| 复合型质子交换膜的结构与性能研究;张海秋;《工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20090601;第65-75页 * |
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| CN111430727A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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