CN111426082A - Solar semiconductor power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar power semiconductor power generation system, comprising: a solar water heater, including a solar water heater installed outdoors, a heat storage and heat preservation water tank connected with the solar water heater; a solar cold water device, including a solar water heater installed outdoors, A cold storage and thermal insulation water tank connected to a solar water chiller; a semiconductor power generation device, including a hot end exchanger connected with a water inlet and a thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank, a cold end exchanger connected with a water inlet and a cold storage and thermal insulation water tank, a heat exchanger located at the hot end and a cold end exchange The water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the return port of the heat storage and insulation water tank, the water outlet of the cold end exchanger is connected to the return port of the cold storage and insulation water tank, and the output terminal of the semiconductor power generation device is connected to the load. The solar power semiconductor power generation system does not need battery energy storage, makes full use of direct solar radiation energy and natural cooling energy stored in the air, maximizes the power generation efficiency of the system, and saves energy.

Description

A solar semiconductor power generation system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a solar semiconductor power generation system.

Background technique

Energy is an important support for the modern economy and an important foundation for the survival and development of human society. As people's demand for energy continues to increase, traditional energy resources such as coal, oil and natural gas are decreasing day by day. Traditional energy has caused serious damage to the ecological environment, so strengthening the development and utilization of new energy has become a hot spot in the current society. Semiconductor thermoelectric power generation can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy, which can not only effectively utilize non-polluting energy such as geothermal energy, ocean thermal energy and solar energy in nature, but also recover a large amount of waste heat and waste heat generated in industry and life to improve energy utilization.

Thermoelectric power generation utilizes the Seebeck effect, and an important reason for the Seebeck effect is the diffusion of carriers from the hot end to the cold end. The carriers of P-type semiconductors are positively charged holes. After the holes diffuse from the high temperature side to the low temperature side, a thermoelectromotive force with a positive low temperature side is formed; while the carriers of N-type semiconductors are electrons, forming a low temperature side. The terminal is a negative thermoelectric electromotive force. If one end of the P-type and N-type semiconductors are connected and placed at the hot end, and the other end is placed at the low temperature end, the high and low temperature ends of the two semiconductors will have a larger existing open circuit voltage.

In the prior art, there are power generation forms using underground hot water and steam as power sources, power generation forms using wind power as power sources, and power generation forms using solar energy as power sources. However, in the existing solar power generation technology, batteries must be used to store electrical energy. The cost of using batteries is high, and environmental pollution will occur after the batteries are scrapped; and solar energy cannot be fully utilized, the temperature difference of the water in the hot-end exchanger and the cold-end exchanger cannot be well controlled, and the temperature difference of the semiconductor power generation device is unstable during operation. When the optimal temperature difference is reached, the power generation efficiency is low and energy is wasted.

In conclusion, how to effectively improve the efficiency of solar power generation and make full use of energy and other issues is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar power semiconductor power generation system, which can fully utilize the direct solar radiation energy and the natural cooling energy stored in the air, maximize the power generation efficiency of the system, and save energy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A solar semiconductor power generation system, comprising:

A solar water heater, the solar water heater includes a solar water heater installed outdoors and a heat storage and heat preservation water tank connected to the solar water heater;

A solar chilled water device, the solar chilled water device comprises a solar chiller installed outdoors, a cold storage and heat preservation water tank connected to the solar chiller;

A semiconductor power generation device, the semiconductor power generation device includes a hot end exchanger whose water inlet is connected to the heat storage and thermal insulation water tank, a cold end exchanger whose water inlet is connected to the cold storage and thermal insulation water tank, a heat exchanger located at the hot end and the heat storage and thermal insulation water tank. The semiconductor power generation device between the cold end exchangers, the water outlet of the hot end exchanger is connected to the return port of the heat storage and thermal insulation water tank, and the water outlet of the cold end exchanger is connected to the return of the cold storage and thermal insulation water tank. The water port is connected, and the output terminal of the semiconductor power generation device is connected to the load.

Preferably, an automatic control device is also included, a temperature sensor is installed in both the hot end exchanger and the cold end exchanger, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the automatic control device.

Preferably, hot water flows from the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank through the hot end exchanger via a heat supply water pump; cold water flows from the cold storage heat preservation water tank through the cold end exchanger via a cold supply water pump.

Preferably, the automatic control device is electrically connected to both the hot water supply water pump and the cooling water supply water pump.

Preferably, hot water flows from the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank to the hot end exchanger via a hot water supply throttle valve and a hot water supply solenoid valve; The solenoid valve flows through the cold end exchanger, and the automatic control device is electrically connected to both the hot water supply solenoid valve and the cold water supply solenoid valve.

Preferably, a water heater throttle valve is connected between the solar water heater and the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank; a chiller throttle valve is connected between the solar water heater and the cold storage thermal insulation water tank.

Preferably, the hot water flows from the upper end of the heat storage and heat preservation water tank through the hot end exchanger, and then returns to the lower end of the heat storage heat preservation water tank;

Cold water flows from the lower end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank through the cold end exchanger, and then returns to the upper end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank.

The solar semiconductor power generation system provided by the present invention includes a solar hot water device, a solar cold water device and a semiconductor power generation device. Solar water heaters include solar water heaters and thermal storage tanks. The solar water heaters are installed outdoors and convert solar energy into heat energy on sunny days. The heat storage and heat preservation water tank is connected with the solar water heater, and the direct solar radiation energy is stored in the water of the heat storage heat preservation water tank. The solar chilled water device includes a solar chiller and a cold storage and thermal insulation water tank. The solar chiller is installed outdoors to reduce the temperature of the water in the cold storage thermal insulation water tank to the lowest temperature of the day at night. The cold storage and insulation water tank is connected to the solar water cooler, and the natural cold energy in the air, that is, the indirect solar energy is stored in the water of the cold storage and insulation water tank. The semiconductor power generation device includes a hot end exchanger, a cold end exchanger, and a semiconductor power generation device. The water inlet of the hot end exchanger is connected with the heat storage and heat preservation water tank, and the water outlet of the hot end exchanger is connected with the return port of the heat storage heat preservation water tank. The water inlet of the cold-end exchanger is connected with the cold storage and heat preservation water tank, and the water outlet of the cold end exchanger is connected with the return port of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank. The semiconductor power generation device is located between the hot end exchanger and the cold end exchanger, and the output end of the semiconductor power generation device is connected to the load.

When power supply is required, the hot water in the hot end exchanger is circulated, and the cold water in the cold end exchanger is circulated to maintain the temperature difference between the water in the hot end exchanger and the cold end exchanger. The semiconductor power generation device generates electricity and supplies it directly. load, without the need for batteries to store electric energy, maximize the power generation efficiency of the system and save energy.

By applying the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to fully use hot water to store direct solar radiant energy and cold water to store natural cold energy (indirect solar energy) in the air, convert solar energy into heat energy and cold energy, and store them in an insulated water tank. In the water, when it is necessary to supply power to the load, the semiconductor power generation device converts the thermal energy and cold energy in the water in the thermal insulation water tank into electrical energy to directly supply the load without battery energy storage, which overcomes the existing solar power independent power supply system. The use of batteries to store electrical energy is insufficient, so as to reduce the cost of using batteries in the system and the environmental pollution after the batteries are scrapped; at the same time, the number of components in the system is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar semiconductor power generation system provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The figures are marked as follows:

1-Solar water heater, 2-Water heater throttle valve, 3-Heat supply water pump, 4-Regenerative thermal insulation water tank, 5-Hot water supply throttle valve, 6-Hot water supply solenoid valve, 7-Hot end exchanger, 8 -Semiconductor power generation device, 9-cold end exchanger, 10-load, 11-cold water solenoid valve, 12-cold water throttle valve, 13-cold storage and heat preservation water tank, 14-cold water pump, 15-solar water cooler, 16 - Chiller throttle valve, 17- Automatic control device.

Detailed ways

The core of the present invention is to provide a solar power semiconductor power generation system, which can fully utilize the direct solar radiation energy and the natural cooling energy stored in the air, maximize the power generation efficiency of the system, and save energy.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar semiconductor power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In a specific embodiment, the solar semiconductor power generation system provided by the present invention includes:

The solar water heater includes a solar water heater 1 installed outdoors, and a heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4 connected to the solar water heater 1;

A solar chiller device, including a solar chiller 15 installed outdoors and a cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 connected to the solar chiller 15;

The semiconductor power generation device 8 includes a hot end exchanger 7 whose water inlet is connected to the heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4, a cold end exchanger 9 whose water inlet is connected to the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13, and a cold end exchanger 9 located between the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchanger 9. The semiconductor power generation device 8 between the two, the water outlet of the hot end exchanger 7 is connected to the water return port of the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank 4, the water outlet of the cold end exchanger 9 is connected to the water return port of the cold storage heat preservation water tank 13, and the output of the semiconductor power generation device 8 is connected. Terminate load 10.

In the above structure, the solar semiconductor power generation system includes the solar hot water device, the solar cold water device, and the semiconductor power generation device 8 .

The solar water heater includes a solar water heater 1 and a heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4. The solar water heater 1 is installed outdoors and converts solar energy into heat energy on sunny days. The heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4 is connected to the solar water heater 1, and stores the direct solar radiation energy in the water of the heat storage heat preservation water tank 4, which not only collects the direct solar radiation energy and stores it in the water, but also conducts heat preservation.

The solar chilled water device includes a solar chiller 15 and a cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13. The solar chiller 15 is installed outdoors and reduces the temperature of the water in the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 to the lowest temperature of the day at night. The cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 is connected to the solar water cooler 15, and the natural cold energy in the air, that is, the indirect solar energy, is stored in the water of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13, which not only collects the indirect solar energy and stores it in the water, but also conducts heat preservation.

Meanwhile, the semiconductor power generation device 8 includes a hot end exchanger 7 , a cold end exchanger 9 and a semiconductor power generation device 8 . The water inlet of the hot end exchanger 7 is connected to the heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4 , and the water outlet of the hot end exchanger 7 is connected to the water return port of the heat storage heat preservation water tank 4 . The water inlet of the cold-end exchanger 9 is connected to the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 , and the water outlet of the cold end exchanger 9 is connected to the return port of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 . The semiconductor power generation device 8 is located between the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchanger 9 , and the output end of the semiconductor power generation device 8 is connected to the load 10 .

When power supply is required, the hot water in the hot end exchanger 7 is circulated, and the cold water in the cold end exchanger 9 is circulated, so as to maintain the temperature difference between the water in the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchanger 9. 8 Generate electricity and directly supply the load 10, without the need for batteries to store electric energy, maximize the power generation efficiency of the system and save energy.

By applying the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to fully use hot water to store direct solar radiant energy and cold water to store natural cold energy (indirect solar energy) in the air, convert solar energy into heat energy and cold energy, and store them in an insulated water tank. In the water, when it is necessary to supply power to the load 10, the semiconductor power generation device 8 converts the thermal energy and cold energy in the water in the heat preservation water tank into electrical energy and directly supplies the load 10, without the need for battery energy storage, which overcomes the existing independent power supply of solar power generation. The battery must be used in the system to store electrical energy, so as to reduce the cost of using the battery in the system and the environmental pollution after the battery is scrapped; at the same time, the number of components in the system is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

On the basis of the above-mentioned specific embodiment, an automatic control device 17 is also included. A temperature sensor is installed in both the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchanger 9. The temperature sensor and the automatic control device 17 are electrically connected by wires, and the temperature sensor can accurately Detect the temperature of the water in the hot-end exchanger 7 and the cold-end exchanger 9. After clearly knowing the temperature of the water in the hot-end exchanger 7 and the cold-end exchanger 9, the hot water supply throttle valve 5 can be adjusted more pertinently. and the opening size of the cold water supply throttle valve 12, so as to accurately adjust the temperature of the water in the hot-end exchanger 7 and the cold-end exchanger 9, so as to maintain the temperature difference between the hot-end exchanger 7 and the cold-end exchanger 9 and ensure The semiconductor power generation device 8 operates at the optimal temperature difference, so as to maximize the power generation efficiency of the system.

To further optimize the above technical solution, those skilled in the art can make several changes to the above-mentioned specific implementation according to the specific situation. The heat preservation water tank 13 flows through the cold end exchanger 9 via the cooling water pump 14 . The hot water supply water pump 3 and the cooling water supply water pump 14 provide power, and the hot water supply water pump 3 and the cooling water supply water pump 14 respectively drive the hot water in the heat storage and insulation water tank 4 and the cold water in the cold storage and insulation water tank 13 to enter the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchange. device 9.

The heat supply water pump 3 and the cooling water pump 14 have many control modes, which can be controlled by manual adjustment, and the structure is simple; it can also be controlled by automation. Specifically, the automatic control device 17 and the heat supply water pump 3 and the cooling water pump 14 share electricity connected, and the actions of the hot water supply water pump 3 and the cooling water supply water pump 14 are controlled by the automatic control device 17 to realize automatic control, and the control is more convenient and accurate.

In another more reliable embodiment, on the basis of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the hot water flows from the heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4 to the hot end exchanger 7 through the hot water supply throttle valve 5; the cold water flows from the cold storage heat preservation water tank 13 flows through the cold end exchanger 9 through the cold water supply throttle valve 12, and adjusts the opening size of the hot water supply throttle valve 5 and the cold water supply throttle valve 12, which can control the hot water in the solar water heater 1 and the cold water in the solar water heater 15. The flow rates entering the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank 4 and the cold storage thermal insulation water tank 13 respectively maintain the temperature difference between the water in the hot-end exchanger 7 and the cold-end exchanger 9, and maximize the power generation efficiency of the semiconductor power generation device 8; at the same time, by supplying heat The water throttle valve 5 and the cold water supply throttle valve 12 are more convenient to control the flow rate, the structure and connection are simple, the manufacture and maintenance are convenient, and the cost is low.

On the basis of the above-mentioned specific embodiment, the hot water flows from the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank 4 through the hot-end exchanger 7 via the hot-water supply solenoid valve 6; 9. The automatic control device 17 is electrically connected to both the hot water supply solenoid valve 6 and the cold water supply solenoid valve 11 .

When power supply is required, the actions of the hot water supply solenoid valve 6 and the cold water supply solenoid valve 11 are controlled by the automatic control device 17; the opening of the hot water supply throttle valve 5 and the cold water supply throttle valve 12 is automatically adjusted by the signal of the temperature sensor. In order to maintain the temperature difference between the water in the hot end exchanger 7 and the cold end exchanger 9, to ensure that the semiconductor power generation device 8 works at the optimal temperature difference, the whole process is automatically controlled, and the power generation efficiency of the system is maximized and energy is saved.

In the solar semiconductor power generation system provided by the present invention, under the condition that other components are not changed, a water heater throttle valve 2 is connected between the solar water heater 1 and the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank 4; There is a chiller throttle valve 16.

In the above structure, the water heater throttle valve 2 and the chiller throttle valve 16 are simple flow control valves, and by adjusting the opening size of the water heater throttle valve 2 and the chiller throttle valve 16, the hot water and solar energy in the solar water heater 1 can be controlled. The flow rate of cold water in the chiller 15 entering the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank 4 and the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 13 respectively, so as to convert as much solar energy into heat energy as possible on sunny days, and store the direct solar radiation energy in the water of the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 4. Insulation; at night, reduce the temperature of the water in the cold storage and insulation water tank 13 to the lowest temperature of the day as much as possible, and store the natural cold energy in the air in the water in the cold storage and insulation water tank 13 for insulation, and make full use of the direct solar radiation energy. and natural cold energy stored in the air. At the same time, it is convenient to control the flow rate through the throttle valve 2 of the water heater and the throttle valve 16 of the water heater, the structure and connection are simple, the manufacture and maintenance are convenient, and the cost is low.

For the solar semiconductor power generation systems in the above embodiments, the hot water of the solar water heater 1 enters the upper end of the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank 4, the water temperature at the upper end of the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 4 is the highest, and the water temperature at the lower end of the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 4 is relatively low . The hot water flows through the hot end exchanger 7 from the upper end of the heat storage and heat preservation water tank 4, so that the temperature of the hot water flowing through the hot end exchanger 7 is higher. The water in the hot end exchanger 7 returns to the lower end of the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank 4, and the water in the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 4 enters the lower end of the solar water heater 1 from the lower end, so that the water in the thermal storage thermal insulation water tank 4 forms a circulation up and down, and the solar energy is circulated in turn. The converted thermal energy is stored in the water in the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank 4 .

Similarly, the cold water of the solar chiller 15 enters the lower end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13, the water temperature at the lower end of the cold storage heat preservation water tank 13 is the lowest, and the water temperature at the upper end of the cold storage heat preservation water tank 13 is relatively high. The cold water flows through the cold end exchanger 9 from the lower end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 , and the cold water flows through the cold end exchanger 9 from the upper end of the cold storage heat preservation water tank 13 , so that the temperature of the cold water flowing through the cold end exchanger 9 is lower. The water in the cold-end exchanger 9 returns to the upper end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13, and the water in the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 enters the upper end of the solar chiller 15 from the upper end, so that the water in the cold storage and heat preservation water tank 13 is circulated up and down, and the stored water in the air is circulated in turn. The natural cooling energy in the cold storage tank 13 is stored in the water. In this way, the direct solar radiation energy and the natural cooling energy stored in the air can be fully utilized to maximize the power generation efficiency of the system and save energy.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The solar semiconductor power generation system provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present invention are described herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. A solar power semiconductor power generation system, characterized in that, comprising: A solar water heater, the solar water heater comprises a solar water heater (1) installed outdoors, and a heat storage and heat preservation water tank (4) connected to the solar water heater (1); A solar chilled water device, the solar chilled water device comprising a solar chiller (15) installed outdoors, and a cold storage and heat preservation water tank (13) connected to the solar chiller (15); A semiconductor power generation device (8), the semiconductor power generation device (8) comprises a hot end exchanger (7) whose water inlet is connected to the thermal storage and thermal insulation water tank (4), and the water inlet is connected to the cold storage thermal insulation water tank (13) The cold end exchanger (9), the semiconductor power generation device (8) located between the hot end exchanger (7) and the cold end exchanger (9), the output of the hot end exchanger (7) The water port is connected to the water return port of the heat storage and heat preservation water tank (4), the water outlet of the cold end exchanger (9) is connected to the water return port of the cold storage heat preservation water tank (13), and the semiconductor power generation device (8) The output is connected to the load (10). 2. The solar semiconductor power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an automatic control device (17), wherein both the hot end exchanger (7) and the cold end exchanger (9) are installed with A temperature sensor, which is electrically connected to the automatic control device (17). 3. The solar power semiconductor power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, hot water flows through the hot end exchanger (7) from the heat storage and heat preservation water tank (4) via a hot water supply pump (3); cold water flows through the hot end exchanger (7); The cold end exchanger (9) flows from the cold storage and heat preservation water tank (13) via a cooling water pump (14). 4 . The solar power semiconductor power generation system according to claim 3 , wherein the automatic control device ( 17 ) is electrically connected to the hot water supply water pump ( 3 ) and the cooling water supply water pump ( 14 ). 5 . 5. The solar power semiconductor power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the hot water flows from the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank (4) via the hot water supply throttle valve (5) and the hot water supply solenoid valve (6) Through the hot-end exchanger (7); cold water flows through the cold-end exchanger (9) from the cold-storage heat preservation water tank (13) through the cold-water supply throttle valve (12) and the cold-water supply solenoid valve (11), The automatic control device (17) is electrically connected to both the hot water supply solenoid valve (6) and the cold water supply solenoid valve (11). 6. The solar semiconductor power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a water heater throttle valve (2) is connected between the solar water heater (1) and the thermal storage and heat preservation water tank (4); A chiller throttle valve (16) is connected between the chiller (15) and the cold storage and heat preservation water tank (13). 7. The solar semiconductor power generation system according to claim 1, wherein The hot water flows from the upper end of the heat storage and insulation water tank (4) through the hot end exchanger (7), and then returns to the lower end of the heat storage and insulation water tank (4); Cold water flows from the lower end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank (13) through the cold end exchanger (9), and then returns to the upper end of the cold storage and heat preservation water tank (13).

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