CN111425863B - Medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasifier for solid waste garbage treatment - Google Patents
Medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasifier for solid waste garbage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111425863B CN111425863B CN202010375650.XA CN202010375650A CN111425863B CN 111425863 B CN111425863 B CN 111425863B CN 202010375650 A CN202010375650 A CN 202010375650A CN 111425863 B CN111425863 B CN 111425863B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/38—Multi-hearth arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H5/00—Double grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to household garbage pyrolysis treatment equipment and provides a medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace which comprises a furnace body, a hearth, an outer annular wall and a deslagging device, wherein the outer annular wall is positioned at the upper part of the furnace body, a secondary combustion chamber is enclosed between the outer annular wall and the furnace body, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by two first cavity plates longitudinally arranged, the bottom of the first cavity is communicated with the hearth through an air outlet formed in the furnace body, the top of the first cavity is communicated with the top of the second cavity, a smoke outlet is formed in the bottom of the second cavity, and a gasifying agent air inlet communicated with the first cavity is formed in the outer annular wall. The invention has the advantages of stable pyrolysis and gasification, high gasification efficiency, full material combustion, low tar content and ash content in flue gas, controllable slag discharge of the furnace, lower investment cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage pyrolysis treatment equipment, in particular to a medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasifier for treating solid waste garbage.
Background
Along with the continuous and high-speed increase of the economy in China and the rapid development of modern construction of villages and towns, the prior importance of environmental protection is insufficient, and the rapid increase of the yields of domestic garbage and solid waste in villages and towns and a series of energy and environment problems are brought. The management of household garbage faces the serious challenges, and especially the lack of technologies and equipment for effectively treating garbage with relatively low investment cost and running cost in rural areas in China, difficult garbage treatment and lag treatment modes. The traditional mode of managing household garbage is no longer applicable to the modern development demands, but is converted into a garbage management mode of recycling resources and sustainable development.
Therefore, the small pyrolysis gasifier for treating the solid waste in China is rapidly developed, but the existing pyrolysis gasifier has the following general problems:
1. The existing pyrolysis gasification furnace is mainly divided into an up-draft type and a down-draft type according to the position of a flue gas outlet. The tar content in the flue gas at the updraft flue gas outlet is higher, and the combustion time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is shorter, which is unfavorable for the complete elimination of CO and dioxin. Although the tar content in the flue gas at the downdraft flue gas outlet is lower, the ash content is higher, and the flue gas treatment cost is increased.
2. The existing pyrolysis gasifiers are all designed as single-layer fire grates, and the fire grates of the coal pyrolysis gasifiers are mainly referred to. The coal has single component, the garbage has complex component, the gasifying agent is unevenly distributed, and the combustion effect of the combustion section is poor.
3. The existing pyrolysis gasification furnace has uncontrollable slag discharge, is unfavorable for improving the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, is unfavorable for the stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and is unfavorable for reducing the investment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasifier for treating solid waste garbage so as to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a middle-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasification furnace for treating solid waste, which comprises a furnace body, a hearth, an outer annular wall and a deslagging device, wherein the outer annular wall is positioned at the upper part of the furnace body, a secondary combustion chamber is enclosed between the outer annular wall and the furnace body, the deslagging device comprises a fire grate system, the fire grate system comprises a lower layer fire grate, a first air chamber and a driving device, the lower layer fire grate comprises a fire grate body and a supporting part fixedly connected with the fire grate body, the supporting part is supported at the bottom of the furnace body and can rotate around an axis of the supporting part, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by two first cavity plates which are longitudinally arranged, the bottom of the first cavity is communicated with the hearth through an air outlet arranged on the furnace body, the top of the first cavity is communicated with the top of the second cavity, the bottom of the second cavity is provided with a smoke outlet, and the outer annular wall is provided with a gasification agent air inlet communicated with the first cavity.
Further, the first cavity is divided into two third cavities which are not communicated with each other by a second cavity plate arranged in the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the third cavity is communicated with the hearth, the top of the third cavity is communicated with the second cavity, two gasifying agent air inlets are formed in the outer ring wall, and the two gasifying agent air inlets are respectively communicated with the two third cavities.
Further, the air outlet is obliquely arranged, the inner side of the air outlet is lower than the outer side of the air outlet, and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is arranged in an oblique state which is suitable for the air outlet.
Further, the gasifying agent air inlet extends along the tangential direction of the outer annular wall.
Further, the grate system further comprises:
the upper layer fire grate is fixedly arranged at the top of the lower layer fire grate; and
The blast pipe sequentially passes through the first air chamber and the lower layer fire grate from bottom to top, the top of the blast pipe is fixedly connected with the upper layer fire grate, and the blast pipe is communicated with the inside of the upper layer fire grate.
Further, the deslagging device further comprises:
the lower furnace body outer ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and provided with a first slag outlet;
The lower furnace body inner ring is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the lower furnace body outer ring, a through hole corresponding to the lower part of the fire grate body is formed in the lower furnace body inner ring, and an ash discharge groove is formed between the lower furnace body inner ring and the lower part of the fire grate body in a surrounding manner;
The slag discharging devices are arranged at the lower part of the fire grate body, the outer sides of the slag discharging devices are close to the inner wall of the inner ring of the lower furnace body, the slag discharging devices are spiral, and the slag discharging devices are positioned in the ash discharging grooves and are distributed around the circumference of the fire grate body; and
The ash scraping plate is arranged in the lower furnace body outer ring and positioned below the lower furnace body inner ring and rotates along with the supporting part, so that ash in the lower furnace body outer ring is scraped into the first slag hole;
The lower part of the fire grate body is provided with a second slag outlet which is communicated with the through holes, and the second slag outlets are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slag discharging devices.
Further, the slag removing device further comprises a slag shifter, the slag shifter is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate body, the slag shifter and the slag shifter are staggered, and the slag shifters are positioned in the ash discharging groove and are all distributed around the circumference of the fire grate body.
Further, the driving device includes:
The driven gear is sleeved on the supporting part;
The box body is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring of the lower furnace body;
A driving gear rotatably arranged in the box body, penetrating through the outer ring of the lower furnace body and meshed with the driven gear; and
The motor is fixedly arranged outside the box body and used for driving the driving gear to rotate;
The ash scraping plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the driven gear.
Further, the second slag outlet is adjacent to the inner side of the slag extractor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the flue gas is in the secondary combustion chamber from bottom to top and then from bottom to bottom, so that the flow deflection is realized, the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber can be effectively prolonged, the complete elimination of CO and dioxin is facilitated, the tar content and the ash content in the flue gas are controlled in a smaller range, and the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
2. The gasifying agent air inlet is arranged as tangential air supply, so that complete mixing of the gasifying agent and pyrolysis smoke is facilitated, the combustion effect is improved, CO and dioxin in the smoke are eliminated, and the emission of NO X is reduced.
3. The process that the flue gas flows from the gas outlet to the top can utilize gravity to remove dust, is favorable to the subsidence of flying dust, and the gas outlet is provided with certain inclination with two combustion chamber bottoms, has avoided the redundant accumulation of two combustion chamber bottoms flying dust, can realize the natural backward flow of flying dust to pyrolysis gasifier.
4. The stable combustion in the secondary combustion chamber can provide heat for pyrolysis gasification of the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the refractory material, so that the stability of the pyrolysis gasification process in the pyrolysis gasification furnace is improved, and the pyrolysis gasification efficiency is improved.
5. The grate is designed as a double-layer grate, is divided into a lower-layer grate and an upper-layer grate, and is provided with an air supply system for grading gasification and carbon residue combustion respectively and independently, primary air and steam are reasonably distributed, and the steam is sent to the gasification layer of the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the second air chamber, the air supply pipe and the upper-layer grate, so that H2/CO of fuel gas can be effectively improved, the gas production efficiency of the furnace is improved, the steam can also play a role in preventing the temperature of a bed from rising beyond limit, and slag formation and air nozzles are reduced.
6. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the fire grate, uniform stirring and independent control of slag discharging frequency in the process of converting the waste heat energy in the furnace are realized, the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is improved, the stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is facilitated, and the investment cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasifier for treating solid waste garbage, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal half-sectional plan view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal semi-sectional perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A plane of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B plane of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial perspective of the deslagging device at one view angle;
fig. 7 is a schematic partial perspective view of the deslagging device under another view.
Reference numerals:
10-furnace body, 11-furnace, 12-feed inlet, 13-gas outlet, 20-outer annular wall, 21-first cavity, 211-third cavity, 212-second cavity plate, 22-second cavity, 23-first cavity plate, 24-smoke outlet, 25-gasifying agent gas inlet, 31-lower layer grate, 311-grate body, 312-supporting part, 313-slag extractor, 314-slag extractor, 315-second slag outlet, 32-first air chamber, 33-upper layer grate, 34-blast pipe, 35-second air chamber, 36-lower part furnace body outer ring, 361-first slag outlet, 362-slag outlet pipe, 37-lower part furnace body inner ring, 371-ash outlet groove, 372-through hole, 38-ash scraping plate, 39-driving device, 391-driven gear, 392-driving gear, 393-box, 394-motor, 40-ash storage box.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the embodiment provides a medium-suction type small-sized pyrolysis gasification furnace for treating solid waste, which comprises a furnace body 10, a furnace chamber 11, an outer ring wall 20 and a slag removing device, wherein the furnace chamber 11 is the inner space of the furnace body 10, and the top of the furnace body 10 is provided with a feed inlet 12. The outer ring wall 20 is located the upper portion of furnace body 10, it mainly comprises refractory material, enclose into two combustion chambers between outer ring wall 20 and the furnace body 10 outer wall, two combustion chambers are separated into first cavity 21 and second cavity 22 by two first cavity boards 23 that set up along vertical, the bottom of first cavity 21 communicates with furnace 11 through seting up gas outlet 13 on furnace body 10, the top of first cavity 21 communicates with the top of second cavity 22, the bottom of second cavity 22 is provided with outlet 24, open on outer ring wall 20 have with the gasification agent air inlet 25 of first cavity 21 intercommunication. After exiting the gas outlet 13, the pyrolysis-generated flue gas flows upwardly in the first chamber 21, downwardly in the second chamber 22, and finally exits the gas outlet 24, preferably the first chamber 21 has a volume greater than the volume of the second chamber 22. The flue gas is mixed and combusted with the gasifying agent introduced from the gasifying agent air inlet 25 in the first cavity 21, and the stable combustion in the secondary combustion chamber can provide heat for pyrolysis gasification of the pyrolysis gasification furnace through refractory materials, so that the stability of the pyrolysis gasification process in the pyrolysis gasification furnace is improved, and the pyrolysis gasification efficiency is improved.
The deslagging device is positioned at the lower part of the furnace body 10 and comprises a fire grate system, wherein the fire grate system comprises a lower fire grate 31, a first air chamber 32 and a driving device 39, the lower fire grate 31 comprises a fire grate body 311 and a supporting part 312 fixedly connected with the fire grate body 311, the supporting part 312 is supported at the bottom of the furnace body 10 and can rotate around the axis of the supporting part 312, and the lower fire grate 31 is a pagoda-shaped fire grate. The first plenum 32 is secured to the bottom of the lower grate 31 and communicates with the lower grate 31 for providing gasifying agent into the lower grate 31. A driving device 39 is installed at the lower portion of the furnace body 10 for driving the lower grate 31 to rotate, and more particularly, for driving the supporting portion 312 to rotate.
In this embodiment, since the pyrolysis flue gas enters the first cavity 21 of the secondary combustion chamber enclosed by the outer annular wall 20 from the gas outlet 13 for full combustion, and the position of the gas outlet 13 is substantially located in the middle of the pyrolysis gasifier, the pyrolysis gasifier of the application has a medium suction structure. And because the flue gas is from bottom to top and then from top to bottom in the secondary combustion chamber, the flow deflection is realized, the residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber can be effectively prolonged, the complete elimination of CO and dioxin is facilitated, the tar content and the ash content in the flue gas are controlled in a smaller range, and the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.
In one embodiment, the first cavity 21 is divided into two third cavities 211 which are not communicated with each other by a second cavity plate 212 arranged along the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the third cavity 211 is communicated with the hearth 11, the top of the third cavity 211 is communicated with the second cavity 22, two gasifying agent air inlets 25 are formed in the outer annular wall 20, and the two gasifying agent air inlets 25 are respectively communicated with the two third cavities 211. The first cavity 21 is divided into two parts, so that the upward flowing smoke is beneficial to flow into the second cavity 22.
In one embodiment, the air outlet 13 is obliquely arranged, the inner side of the air outlet 13 is lower than the outer side, the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is arranged in an oblique state corresponding to the air outlet 13, preferably, the lowest position of the inner side of the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber and the outer side of the air outlet 13 with higher height are positioned at the same height, so that the fly ash settled by gravity in the first cavity 21 can naturally flow back into the hearth 11 through the air outlet 13, and redundant accumulation of the fly ash at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is avoided.
In one embodiment, the gasifying agent air inlet 25 extends along the tangential direction of the outer ring wall 20, that is, the axial direction of the gasifying agent air inlet 25 is parallel to a tangential direction of the outer ring wall 20, so that the gasifying agent and the pyrolysis flue gas are fully mixed, the combustion effect is improved, and then, CO and dioxin in the flue gas are eliminated, and the emission of NO X is reduced.
In one embodiment, the grate system further includes an upper grate 33 and an air supply duct 34. The upper layer fire grate 33 is fixedly arranged at the top of the lower layer fire grate 31, the top of the upper layer fire grate 33 extends upwards, the upper layer fire grate 33 is integrally positioned in the middle of the hearth 11, the blast pipe 34 sequentially passes through the first air chamber 32 and the lower layer fire grate 31 from bottom to top, the top of the blast pipe is fixedly connected with the upper layer fire grate 33, the blast pipe 34 is communicated with the inside of the upper layer fire grate 33, the bottom of the blast pipe 34 is fixedly provided with a second air chamber 35, and the second air chamber 35 is communicated with the blast pipe 34 and is used for feeding water vapor into the upper layer fire grate 33 through the blast pipe 34. The air supply duct 34 passes through the first air chamber 32, but is connected to the first air chamber 32 in a sealing manner. The steam is added into the middle part of the hearth 11 through the upper layer fire grate 33, so that the H2/CO of the fuel gas can be obviously improved, the gas production efficiency of the furnace is improved, the steam can also play a role in preventing the temperature of the bed from rising beyond the limit, and slag formation and a protection tuyere are reduced.
In one embodiment, the slag removal assembly further includes a lower furnace outer race 36, a lower furnace inner race 37, slag tap 313, and a scraper 38.
The lower furnace outer ring 36 is fixed at the bottom of the furnace body 10, at least one first slag hole 361 is arranged on the lower furnace outer ring, a slag pipe 362 is connected at the first slag hole 361, and an ash storage box 40 is arranged under the slag pipe 362. The lower furnace inner ring 37 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the lower furnace outer ring 36, the outer wall of the lower furnace inner ring 37 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower furnace outer ring 37 of the slag discharging device through reinforcing ribs, a through hole 372 which is adapted to the lower part of the fire grate body 311 is formed in the lower furnace inner ring 37, and an ash discharging groove 371 is formed between the lower furnace inner ring 37 and the lower part of the fire grate body 311 in a surrounding mode. The lower furnace outer ring 36 is fixed by a bracket, and the lower furnace inner ring 37 is fixed inside the lower furnace outer ring 36. The middle part of the lower furnace outer ring 36 is provided with a first bearing for bearing radial load and a second bearing for bearing axial load to reduce loss for rotation of the upper layer grate 33 and the lower layer grate 31.
A plurality of tapping devices 313 are installed at the lower portion of the grate body 311. The inner side of the slag extractor 313 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the fire grate body 311, and the outer side of the slag extractor 313 extends outwards and is close to the inner wall of the lower furnace inner ring 37, and the slag extractor 313 is spiral. The slag discharging devices 313 are distributed around the circumference of the fire grate body 311, the lower part of the fire grate body 311 is provided with second slag discharging holes 315, the second slag discharging holes 315 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slag discharging devices 313, and the second slag discharging holes 315 are communicated with the through holes 372.
The scraper 38 is disposed in the lower furnace outer ring 36 and below the lower furnace inner ring 37, and rotates with the support portion 312, for example, the scraper 38 is fixedly connected to the support portion 312. Ash in the lower furnace outer ring 36 is scraped into the first slag hole 361 during rotation of the scraper 38.
The slag tap 313 performs a slag tap function when rotated in a forward direction (i.e., counterclockwise direction in fig. 4) with the lower grate 31, and in particular, the slag tap 313 presses slag toward the second slag hole 315, and then the slag falls into the lower furnace outer race 36 through the above-mentioned through hole 372, is scraped into the first slag hole 361 by the scraper 38, and finally falls into the ash bin 40. When the slag extractor 313 rotates in the opposite direction (i.e., clockwise in fig. 4), the slag extractor 313, the upper grate 33 and the lower grate 31 agitate the material and the ash together because the slag extractor 313 has a spiral structure and a small pressing force on the material, and only a small amount of ash is discharged from the second slag outlet 315 during this process. And when the reverse rotation is performed stably, the speed of ash in the inner ring 37 of the lower furnace body is consistent with the speed of the lower grate 31, and the ash is not basically discharged from the second slag hole 315. Only in the reverse rotation stage, a small amount of slag is discharged due to the inconsistent speed of the slag and the lower grate 31.
The slag removing device in the embodiment realizes uniform stirring and independent control of slag discharging frequency in the process of converting waste heat energy in the furnace by controlling forward and reverse rotation of the fire grate, is beneficial to improving the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, is beneficial to stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and is beneficial to reducing investment cost.
In one embodiment, the slag removing device further includes a slag shifter 314, the slag shifter 314 is disposed at a lower portion of the grate body 311, the slag shifter 314 is staggered with the slag shifter 313, and the slag shifters 314 are disposed in the ash discharge groove 371 and are all circumferentially distributed around the grate body 311. The slag-pulling devices 314 and the slag-pulling devices 313 are arranged in a staggered manner, preferably the slag-pulling devices 314 and the slag-pulling devices 313 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and one slag-pulling device 314 is arranged between two adjacent slag-pulling devices 313. The slag extractor 314 can enhance the stirring effect on materials and slag during the reverse rotation stage.
In one embodiment, the drive 39 includes a driven gear 391, a housing 393, a drive gear 392, and a motor 394. The driven gear 391 is sleeved on the supporting part 312 and is positioned in the lower furnace body outer ring 36 and below the lower furnace body inner ring 37, a passage through which ash can pass is formed in the driven gear 391, and the driven gear 391 is meshed with the driving gear 392 penetrating through the ring wall of the lower furnace body outer ring 36. The drive gear 392 is rotatably mounted within a housing 393, the housing 393 being mounted to the outer wall of the lower furnace outer race 36 and being sealingly connected to the lower furnace outer race 36. A motor 394 is fixed to the outside of the case 393 for driving the driving gear to rotate, thereby rotating the lower grate 31 and the upper grate 33. A scraper 38 is fixed to the bottom of the driven gear 391, the scraper extending in the radial direction of the driven gear 391. The ash scraping plate 38 is mounted on the driven gear 391, and compared with the ash scraping plate 38 mounted on the supporting part 312, the ash scraping plate 38 is convenient to mount and dismount and is reasonable in design.
In one embodiment, the second slag notch 315 is positioned adjacent to the inner side of the slag tap 313 such that ash is more easily removed from the second slag notch 315 as the slag tap 313 rotates in a forward direction with the underlying grate 31.
In the description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a small-size solid waste garbage treatment pyrolysis gasifier of well inhaling, includes furnace body, furnace, outer loop wall and dross removal mechanism, outer loop wall is located the upper portion of furnace body, outer loop wall with enclose into two combustion chambers between the furnace body, dross removal mechanism includes the grate system, the grate system includes lower floor's grate, first air chamber and drive arrangement, the lower floor's grate include the grate body and with grate body fixed connection's supporting part, the supporting part is supported the bottom of furnace body and can rotate its characterized in that around self axis: the secondary combustion chamber is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by two first cavity plates arranged longitudinally, the bottom of the first cavity is communicated with the hearth through an air outlet formed in the furnace body, the top of the first cavity is communicated with the top of the second cavity, a smoke outlet is formed in the bottom of the second cavity, and a gasifying agent air inlet communicated with the first cavity is formed in the outer ring wall;
the grate system further comprises:
the upper layer fire grate is fixedly arranged at the top of the lower layer fire grate; and
The blast pipe sequentially passes through the first air chamber and the lower layer fire grate from bottom to top, the top of the blast pipe is fixedly connected with the upper layer fire grate, and the blast pipe is communicated with the inside of the upper layer fire grate;
the deslagging device further comprises:
the lower furnace body outer ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body and provided with a first slag outlet;
The lower furnace body inner ring is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the lower furnace body outer ring, a through hole corresponding to the lower part of the fire grate body is formed in the lower furnace body inner ring, and an ash discharge groove is formed between the lower furnace body inner ring and the lower part of the fire grate body in a surrounding manner;
The slag discharging devices are arranged at the lower part of the fire grate body, the outer sides of the slag discharging devices are close to the inner wall of the inner ring of the lower furnace body, the slag discharging devices are spiral, and the slag discharging devices are positioned in the ash discharging grooves and are distributed around the circumference of the fire grate body; and
The ash scraping plate is arranged in the lower furnace body outer ring and positioned below the lower furnace body inner ring and rotates along with the supporting part, so that ash in the lower furnace body outer ring is scraped into the first slag hole;
The lower part of the fire grate body is provided with a second slag outlet which is communicated with the through holes, and the second slag outlets are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slag discharging devices.
2. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the first cavity is divided into two third cavities which are not communicated with each other by a second cavity plate arranged in the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the third cavity is communicated with the hearth, the top of the third cavity is communicated with the second cavity, two gasifying agent air inlets are formed in the outer ring wall, and the two gasifying agent air inlets are respectively communicated with the two third cavities.
3. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the gas outlet is obliquely arranged, the inner side of the gas outlet is lower than the outer side of the gas outlet, and the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber is arranged in an oblique state which is suitable for the gas outlet.
4. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the gasifying agent air inlet extends along the tangential direction of the outer ring wall.
5. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the slag removing device further comprises slag poking devices, the slag poking devices are arranged at the lower part of the fire grate body and staggered with the slag poking devices, and the slag poking devices are located in the ash discharging groove and are circumferentially distributed around the fire grate body.
6. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the driving device includes:
The driven gear is sleeved on the supporting part;
The box body is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring of the lower furnace body;
A driving gear rotatably arranged in the box body, penetrating through the outer ring of the lower furnace body and meshed with the driven gear; and
The motor is fixedly arranged outside the box body and used for driving the driving gear to rotate;
The ash scraping plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the driven gear.
7. The medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the medium-suction type small-sized solid waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier is characterized in that: the second slag outlet is close to the inner side of the slag extractor.
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