CN111411751A - A composite decorative board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a composite decorative board and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of building materials. The composite decorative panel includes: a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel, and a thermal insulation board located between the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel; the thermal insulation board is respectively connected with the first decorative panel and the The second decorative panel is integrally connected. The use of the composite decorative board can solve the problems that the current composite decorative board is prone to deformation and has poor fire resistance due to the use of an adhesive as a bonding material.

Description

A composite decorative board and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a composite decorative board and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

In order to take into account the performance of fire insulation and decoration, traditional fireproof and thermal insulation composite panels usually use pressing equipment to paste surface materials and thermal insulation materials such as stone, ceramic tile, aluminum board, cement fiber board, calcium silicon board, glass magnesium board, etc. through organic binders. , and then spray real stone paint, paint, embossing, decorative mortar and other decorative surfaces on the outside of the plate to achieve a decorative effect, and then connect to the wall through anchoring connectors.

Among them, the organic binder connecting the decorative panel and the thermal insulation board will age, fall off, leak, and the thermal insulation core material and the decorative surface layer will fall off under the action conditions of long-term outdoor drying and humidity cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, alternating heat and cold, and ultraviolet radiation. serious problems, seriously affecting the safety and durability of the building. At the same time, in the process of composite board, the VOC emission of organic materials exceeds the standard, and there is a fire safety hazard, which seriously affects the safety and health of the human body. In addition, the current fireproof and thermal insulation composite board is a structure of one layer of thermal insulation board + one layer of decorative panels, which is prone to deformation during use, which easily causes the composite board on the wall surface to fall off, affecting the aesthetics of the building.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite decorative board to solve the problem that the current composite decorative board is prone to deformation and has poor fire resistance due to the use of an adhesive as a bonding material.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A composite decorative panel, comprising: a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel, and a thermal insulation board located between the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel; the thermal insulation board is respectively connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel. The second decorative panels are integrally connected.

Further, the raw materials for the preparation of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, in parts by weight, include:

10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, and 3-7 parts of binder; the aluminum-containing cement includes aluminate cement and sulfoaluminate cement. at least one.

Further, the raw materials for the preparation of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, in parts by weight, include:

10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage-reducing components, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of accelerator, 2-5 parts of binder, graded Selected aggregates of 10 to 30 servings.

Further, both the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are provided with a reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing mesh layer or a reinforcing fiber layer.

Further, the reinforcement layer is a mesh structure, and the reinforcement layer includes at least one of glass fiber mesh, carbon fiber mesh, basalt mesh or steel mesh.

Further, the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber layer include at least one of polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers or basalt fibers.

Further, the insulation board includes thermosetting board, homogeneous board, siliceous board, rock wool board, mineral wool board, foamed cement board, foamed glass board, foamed ceramic board, perlite board, extruded plastic board , at least one of polystyrene board, graphite modified board, phenolic board or polyurethane board.

Further, the composite decorative board is provided with a preset connector for connecting with the wall.

A preparation method of the above-mentioned composite decorative board, comprising the following steps:

The surface layer material is coated on both sides of the thermal insulation board, and after the surface layer material is cured, a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel are formed on both sides of the thermal insulation board respectively to prepare the composite Decorative plates;

or,

The surface layer material, the heat insulation layer material and the surface layer material are sequentially coated, and after curing, a composite decorative panel having a structure of a first decorative panel, a heat insulating panel and a second decorative panel is formed.

Further, the first layer layer material will be placed in the mold, and then the insulation board or the insulation layer material will be laid on the surface of the first layer layer material, and then the insulation board or the insulation layer material will be laid. The surface of the insulating layer material is laid with a second layer of layer material, and the composite decorative board is formed after curing treatment.

The technical scheme provided by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

The composite decorative board provided by the present invention adopts the structure of double-sided and thermal insulation board, which can effectively prevent the composite decorative board from being deformed during use, and further prevent it from falling off the building. In addition, in the composite decorative panel of the present invention, the thermal insulation board is integrally connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel respectively, which improves the bonding strength between the thermal insulation board and the two panels, avoids the use of adhesives, and improves the durability of the composite decorative board. Fire safety and connection reliability.

It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and do not limit the invention.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite decorative panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Labels: 10-first decorative panel; 20-insulation panel; 30-second decorative panel.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. If the specific conditions are not indicated in the examples, it is carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used without the manufacturer's indication are conventional products that can be purchased from the market.

It should be noted that: in the present invention, if there is no special description, all the embodiments and preferred implementation methods mentioned herein can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the technical features and preferred features mentioned herein can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, percentage (%) or part refers to the weight percentage or weight part of the composition. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the involved components or their preferred components can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution. In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a～b" represents an abbreviated representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, wherein both a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "6-22" indicates that all real numbers between "6-22" have been listed in this document, and "6-22" is just an abbreviated representation of the combination of these numerical values. A "range" disclosed herein may be in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit, which may be one or more lower limits, and one or more upper limits, respectively. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, each reaction or operation step can be carried out sequentially or in sequence. Preferably, the reaction methods herein are performed sequentially. Unless otherwise defined, professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods or materials similar or equivalent to those described can also be used in the present invention.

The existing composite decorative board generally adopts the structure of one layer of thermal insulation board and one layer of panel, and during installation, the panel faces outwards to decorate the building. However, due to the long-term exposure of the panel, the panel is prone to problems such as deformation and falling off under the conditions of drying and humidity cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, alternating cold and heat, and ultraviolet radiation.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a composite decorative panel, as shown in FIG. 1 , comprising a first decorative panel 10 and a second decorative panel 30 , and a composite decorative panel located between the first decorative panel 10 and the second decorative panel 30 The thermal insulation board 20 between them; the thermal insulation board 20 is integrally connected with the first decorative panel 10 and the second decorative panel 30 respectively.

In the above-mentioned composite decorative panel provided by the present invention, two panels are respectively arranged on both sides of the thermal insulation panel, wherein the first decorative panel on one side is used to decorate the building, and the second decorative panel on the other side is used to connect with the building. wall contact. Because the second decorative panel is located between the wall and the thermal insulation board, in a relatively closed space, the second decorative panel is not easily disturbed by the external environment, is not easily deformed, and can maintain good structural stability. The structure of the panel and the thermal insulation board can effectively prevent the composite decorative board from being deformed during use, and further prevent it from falling off the building. At the same time, in the composite decorative panel of the present invention, the thermal insulation board is integrally connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel respectively, which improves the bonding strength between the thermal insulation board and the two panels, avoids the use of adhesives, and improves the durability of the composite decorative board. Fire safety and connection reliability.

In order to realize the integrated connection structure of the thermal insulation board and the decorative panel, thereby improving the bonding performance of the thermal insulation board and the decorative panel, so that the decorative panel is not easy to fall off, in a possible embodiment of the present invention, the veneer material of the decorative panel is used. The slurry is directly coated on the surface of the insulation board for curing, or the material of the insulation board and the decorative material will be bonded in a plasticized state, and then condensed and solidified to form an integrated composite decorative board. better binding properties.

In order to make the veneer material have good adhesion performance and gel curing performance, it also needs to meet the strength and surface performance requirements of the veneer material. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel include, in parts by weight:

10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, and 3-7 parts of binder; the aluminum-containing cement includes aluminate cement and sulfoaluminate cement. at least one.

In the decorative panel of the composite decorative board of the present invention, firstly, ordinary silica white cement is selected as the main material, which has good hydration and coagulation performance, and at the same time, because of its high whiteness and bright color, it is suitable for architectural decoration. However, due to its low strength, the inventors used at least one of aluminate cement and sulfoaluminate cement to mix with ordinary silica white cement to enhance the strength of the facing material. At the same time, aluminum Salt cement and sulfoaluminate cement also have good early strength and high strength, frost resistance, corrosion resistance, refractoriness, impermeability and other characteristics, and are also conducive to improving the setting and hardening speed of the facing material, which can be combined with ordinary silica white. Cement reinforces each other. However, when ordinary silica white cement is mixed with aluminate cement or sulfoaluminate cement, the setting speed will increase sharply, and even a "flash setting" phenomenon will occur. agent to control the rate of coagulation.

Further, in order to maintain a good bonding strength between the decorative surface layer formed by the facing material and the thermal insulation board, it is necessary to enhance the bonding performance of the facing material itself, and at the same time, it is also necessary to enable good bonding between cements. , and the cured decorative surface layer is not easy to fall off, deform and powder. Therefore, an adhesive is added to the facing material to improve the overall bonding performance of the facing material and the bonding performance between the components.

Therefore, through the above-mentioned component selection and scientific ratio of 10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder and 3-7 parts of binder, the combination formed The decorative material premix can be mixed with water to form a decorative material. Integrated composite board. Further, the formed decorative surface layer is not easy to age, fall off, and has a high safety factor; at the same time, the decorative surface layer formed by the combination of the above-mentioned cement components as the main raw material has better thermal insulation and fire resistance, and is not easy to slag and powder.

As a further preferred embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel include, in parts by weight:

10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage-reducing components, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of accelerator, 2-5 parts of binder, graded Selected aggregates of 10 to 30 servings.

The shrinkage-reducing components include but are not limited to calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, gypsum powder, lime, metal oxides, and alumite inorganic expansion agents, which react with cement to generate ettringite crystals or hydroxides, resulting in volume expansion to compensate for later shrinkage; Polyether or polyalcohol organic shrinkage reducers reduce the surface tension of the water in the capillary pores of the cement stone and reduce the shrinkage force in the process of water evaporation, thereby reducing the shrinkage.

Coagulants include but are not limited to calcium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium nitrite, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metaaluminate, lithium carbonate, lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, aluminum sulfate or sodium carbonate, etc., After mixing with cement and adding water, it accelerates the hydration reaction of cement and improves the early strength.

Graded selected aggregates, including but not limited to quartz sand, river sand, tailings sand, glass aggregate, shells, jade, colored sand, stone waste, etc., are matched according to a certain gradation to reduce shrinkage, reduce water consumption, and improve The effect of strength, while the aggregate has a good decorative effect after hardening.

In some embodiments of the present invention, both the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are provided with a reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing mesh layer or a reinforcing fiber layer.

By providing the reinforcement layer, the tensile strength of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel can be improved, and the stability of the composite decorative panel can be further improved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcement layer is a mesh structure, and the reinforcement layer includes at least one of glass fiber mesh, carbon fiber mesh, basalt mesh or steel mesh.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber layer include at least one of polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers or basalt fibers .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal insulation board includes thermosetting board, homogeneous board, siliceous board, rock wool board, mineral wool board, foamed cement board, foamed glass board, foamed ceramic board, pearl At least one of rock board, extruded plastic board, polystyrene board, graphite modified board, phenolic board or polyurethane board.

Further, the composite decorative board is provided with a preset connector for connecting with the wall. The preset connector can be a prefabricated square groove, and the square groove is a cavity structure. During installation, an "L"-shaped anchor can be inserted into the square groove, and the other side is connected to the wall, so as to realize the composite decorative board Connection to the wall.

During installation, an "L"-shaped anchor with adjustable thickness can be selected, one end of which can be inserted into the insulation board and reinforced with adhesive, and the other end is connected with the wall. Or use one end of the "L"-shaped anchor with adjustable thickness to fasten the groove at the edge of the composite decorative panel, and connect the other end to the wall. In this connection method, a groove is required at the edge of the composite decorative panel, for example The size of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel is larger than that of the thermal insulation board to form grooves at the edges.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned composite decorative panel, comprising the following steps:

The surface layer material is coated on both sides of the thermal insulation board, and after the surface layer material is cured, a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel are formed on both sides of the thermal insulation board respectively to prepare the composite Decorative plates;

or,

The surface layer material, the heat insulation layer material and the surface layer material are sequentially coated, and after curing, a composite decorative panel having a structure of a first decorative panel, a heat insulating panel and a second decorative panel is formed.

The preparation method provided by the invention directly coats the surface layer material on both sides of the thermal insulation board, and then solidifies the thermal insulation board and the surface layer material in a plastic state to integrate the thermal insulation board and the surface layer material, or directly uses the surface layer material to combine with the thermal insulation layer material. An integrally connected composite decorative panel will be directly formed, thereby forming a composite decorative panel with a double-layer decorative panel structure. The method can effectively avoid the use of organic adhesives, so that the decorative panel and the thermal insulation board form a stable connection from the inside of their own structures, and the connection strength of the two is far greater than that achieved by using the adhesive.

Among them, the thermal insulation layer material will include, for example, inorganic cementitious materials such as cement-based materials, magnesia materials, mineral powder or fly ash, etc., together with polystyrene particles, polyurethane particles, graphite modified particles, perlite particles, expanded vermiculite, Lightweight thermal insulation materials or foamed concrete materials in physical and chemical forms formed by mixing ceramsite, ceramic sand, etc. The fire resistance grades of the composite decorative panels prepared by using the materials of the present invention are all A grades.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first layer material will be placed in the mold, and then the insulation board or the insulation layer material will be laid on the surface of the first layer material, and then the insulation board will be placed on the surface of the first layer material. The surface of the thermal insulation board or the thermal insulation layer material will be laid with a second layer layer material, and the composite decorative board will be formed after curing treatment.

Among them, the bottom of the mold can be set with different pattern shapes. The mold is one or a combination of silicone molds, polyurethane molds, plastic molds, glass fiber reinforced plastic molds, wooden molds, plaster molds, polystyrene molds, aluminum molds or rubber molds.

In some embodiments of the present invention, composite trim panels may be prepared using automatic metering flat die running equipment. Among them, a single mold runs continuously on the flat mold operation equipment, and a storage bin is set at a specific node position of the equipment. When the mold runs to this node, the storage bin is opened, and the material stored in the storage bin will be measured according to the preset. The value falls into the mold. There is a scraper, a roller or a vibrating device in the middle of the equipment to level the material. In addition, the equipment is also equipped with an automatic grid cloth laying device. The running length of the mold in the equipment can be adjusted according to the hardening time of the material, so that when the material is hardened, the robot can be used to flip the mold. After the material will harden, it can be selectively sprayed, 3D printed, engraved, dyed, sanded, polished, pickled and transferred.

When the bottom surface layer will remain in a plastic state, pour the nano-microporous Grade A fireproof and thermal insulation slurry formed by mixing cement, masterbatch, polystyrene particles with water, or lay a Grade A fireproof thermal insulation board (such as thermosetting thermal insulation board) , pour the high-fluid surface layer material above the insulation layer, so that the insulation layer and the upper and lower sides of the material will be integrated, and after hardening, a double-sided composite ABA is formed.

Example 1

This embodiment is a composite decorative panel, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel, and a thermal insulation board located between the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel; the thermal insulation board is respectively connected to the The first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are integrally connected; wherein, the raw materials for the preparation of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel in parts by weight include: 20 parts of ordinary silica white cement and 20 parts of aluminate cement , 0.15 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of disperse polymer powder.

The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:

First, the first layer of layer material will be placed in the mold, and then the thermal insulation layer will be laid on the surface of the first layer of layer material, and then the second layer of layer will be laid on the surface of the thermal insulation layer. After curing Then the composite decorative board is formed.

Among them, the liquid insulation layer material will be cast-type A-grade fire-proof insulation slurry, which is a grade-A material coated with nano-microporous slurry formed by the fusion of cement, masterbatch, polystyrene particles, water and fibers.

Example 2

This embodiment is a composite decorative board, the structure of which is the same as that of the composite decorative board in Embodiment 1, and the raw materials are also the same.

The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:

First, the first layer of laminate will be placed in the mold, then the insulation board will be laid on the surface of the first layer of laminate, and then the second layer of laminate will be laid on the surface of the thermal insulation board. After curing Then the composite decorative board is formed.

Wherein, the thermal insulation board adopts a thermoset composite thermal insulation board, which is a thermoset composite thermal insulation board prepared by using the thermal insulation layer material in Example 1.

Examples 3-6

Examples 3-6 are respectively a composite decorative board, which is different from the thermal insulation board used in Example 1 in the difference, see Table 1 for details.

Example 7

Embodiment 7 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that the preparation raw materials of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are different, specifically:

10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of accelerator, 2-5 parts of binder ,

20 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 7 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, 0.2 parts of calcium chloride, 0.15 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of disperse polymer powder, 15 parts of graded selected aggregate quartz sand .

Example 8

Embodiment 8 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from Embodiment 7 in that the preparation raw materials of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are different, specifically:

20 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 10 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, 0.1 parts of calcium chloride, 0.15 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of disperse polymer powder, 25 parts of graded selected aggregate quartz sand .

Example 9

Embodiment 9 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from Embodiment 7 in that the preparation raw materials of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are different, specifically:

20 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 5 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, 0.3 parts of calcium chloride, 0.15 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of disperse polymer powder, 10 parts of graded selected aggregate quartz sand .

Example 10

Embodiment 10 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from Embodiment 2 in that the preparation raw materials of the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are different, specifically: 42.5 grade white Portland cement 40%, gradation Aggregate: 60%, water-material ratio 0.25.

Comparative Example 1

This comparative example is a composite decorative board, including a thermal insulation board and a decorative panel on one side of the thermal insulation board. Among them, the raw materials for the preparation of the decorative panel include in parts by weight: 20 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 0.15 parts of retarder, and 4 parts of adhesive.

The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:

The thermal insulation board is first placed in the mold, and then a surface layer material is laid on the surface of the thermal insulation board, and the composite decorative board is formed after curing treatment.

Wherein, the thermosetting composite thermal insulation board used for the thermal insulation board is the same as that in Example 2.

Comparative Example 2

This comparative example is a composite decorative board, which is different from the comparative example 1 in that the used surface layer material will be different, and the surface layer material in this comparative example will be: 42.5 grade white Portland cement 40%, Graded aggregate: 60%, water-material ratio 0.25. Other preparation process steps are the same as in Comparative Example 1.

Table 1

serial number Types of insulation boards Example 1 Fluid Insulation Slurry Example 2 Thermosetting composite insulation board Example 3 Foamed cement insulation board Example 4 Perlite insulation board Example 5 Rock wool insulation board Example 6 Foam glass insulation board Example 7 Thermosetting composite insulation board Example 8 Thermosetting composite insulation board Example 9 Thermosetting composite insulation board Example 10 Thermosetting composite insulation board Comparative Example 1 Thermosetting composite insulation board Comparative Example 2 Thermosetting composite insulation board

Various performance tests were performed on the composite decorative boards provided in Examples 1-10, and the test results are listed in Table 2.

Table 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the pouring type A-grade fireproof and thermal insulation slurry is a grade-A material coated with nano-microporous slurry formed by the joint fusion of cement, masterbatch, polystyrene particles, water and fibers. The pressed thermosetting composite insulation board has a larger volume and better packaging due to a large amount of nano-microporous slurry, so the fireproof effect is better and the calorific value is lower; at the same time, the pores generated by a large number of micro-porous nano-slurry have a good thermal insulation effect. The thermal insulation effect of polystyrene particles plays the role of "wrapping and isolating" organic and inorganic materials and inorganic wrapping organically. At the same time, in terms of equipment investment, there is no need to increase the equipment investment of pressing equipment to pre-press into embryos and cut into plates. It only needs to be bonded at one time during the molding process, and the fluid thermal insulation slurry saves investment, avoids dust, and is energy-saving, economical and environmentally friendly. The surface layer high-strength slurry and the nano-microporous thermal insulation slurry are effectively connected in a wet state, with good fusion and higher bonding strength.

Compared with other A-class fireproof insulation materials on the market, the fluid insulation slurry has lower density, higher bonding strength, better bearing resistance and lower thermal conductivity. Therefore, it has the characteristics of small investment, good performance and convenient production, and has broad market prospects and development space.

In addition, the long-term deformation rate test, the flexural bearing capacity test and the internal bond strength test were carried out on the composite decorative board with double-sided composite structure provided in Example 2 and the composite decorative board with single-sided composite structure provided in Comparative Example 1. The damage rate during the actual transportation and construction process was counted, and the results are listed in Table 3.

table 3

The following points can be seen from the test data in Table 3:

From the comparison results of the single-sided composite (AB) structure and the double-sided composite (ABA) structure, it can be seen that the difference in the deformation of the single-sided composite (AB) structure and the double-sided composite structure within 30 days is basically small, but With the prolongation of age, after 365 days, the single-sided composite sheet reaches -0.1%, which is nearly 20 times higher than that of the double-sided composite (ABA) structure. The reason is that the thermal insulation sheet or the slurry itself The density is low (generally within 180Kg/m3), and the strength is low (generally only 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa); while the compressive strength of the plate formed by the hardening of the single-sided composite inorganic slurry is above 50MPa, and the difference in elastic modulus between the two is If it is too large, it is caused by the deformation caused by different stress under the action of wet bonding. Although the surface layer material has taken an effective method to control the ratio, it is still deformed more than the double-sided composite structure. However, when the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the same amount of deformation is formed on both sides, resulting in the same amount of restraint, so that deformation and warping will not occur.

From the test data of Comparative Example 2 and Example 10, it can be seen that the surface material made of ordinary cement mortar using white Portland cement has a large amount of shrinkage and deformation. After using the double-sided composite (ABA) structure, the amount of deformation has been greatly reduced.

2) The flexural bearing capacity represents whether the board is easy to break. When the composite decorative layer is a single-sided composite (AB form) structure, the thermal insulation layer is a weak layer and is easily broken by external forces; when the composite decorative board adopts a double-sided composite structure. In the (ABA) structure, the insulation material has protective layers on both sides, which has a strong bearing capacity under the action of external force, and the forces on both sides are superimposed, so the flexural bearing capacity is better. Compared with the single-sided composite (AB) structure, the two are only 0.8 times. , 2.5 times for the double-sided composite (ABA) structure. Moreover, when the size of the sheet is larger and the thickness is smaller, the flexural bearing capacity is more important.

3) When the decorative and thermal insulation integrated board is bonded to the wall by bonding mortar, the single-sided composite (AB) structure is the connection between the thermal insulation board and the adhesive. Due to the low strength of the thermal insulation board, although the interface is damaged during stretching The thermal insulation layer is close to the "interface edge", so the tensile bond strength is low; when the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is used, the panel is bonded with the bonding mortar, the panel strength is high, and the tensile stress is high. In the tensile failure test, the failure interface is "inside the thermal insulation layer", so the tensile bonding strength is high. Therefore, the high tensile bonding strength of the double-sided composite (ABA) structure can ensure the overall safety of the building structure, and eliminate the hidden danger of hollowing and falling off between the thermal insulation material and the wall.

4) In the process of board transportation, in the single-sided composite (AB) structure, only one panel is the reinforcing layer, and the insulation board is the weak layer, and the insulation board is easily damaged. The phenomenon of corner drop and edge damage is very serious. When the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the upper and lower panels are simultaneously reinforcing layers, and the thermal insulation material will not be damaged. At the same time, the double-layer parallel panels increase the overall strength of the composite decorative panel without damage. In practical applications, the corner drop and edge damage of the decorative panel will seriously affect the overall aesthetic effect of the building exterior wall, and even the physical and mechanical properties. When the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is used, this problem is completely avoided by design.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. A composite decorative panel, characterized in that it comprises: a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel, and a heat preservation panel located between the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel; the heat preservation panels are respectively It is integrally connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel. 2 . The composite decorative panel according to claim 1 , wherein the raw materials for preparing the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, in parts by weight, include: 3 . 10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, and 3-7 parts of binder; the aluminum-containing cement includes aluminate cement and sulfoaluminate cement. at least one. 3 . The composite decorative panel according to claim 2 , wherein the raw materials for preparing the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, in parts by weight, include: 3 . 10-30 parts of ordinary silica white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage-reducing components, 0.1-0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts of accelerator, 2-5 parts of binder, graded Selected aggregates of 10 to 30 servings. 4 . The composite decorative panel according to claim 1 , wherein a reinforcing layer is provided inside the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, and the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing mesh layer or a reinforcing fiber layer. 5 . 5 . The composite decorative panel according to claim 4 , wherein the reinforcing layer has a mesh structure, and the reinforcing layer comprises at least one of glass fiber mesh, carbon fiber mesh, basalt mesh or steel mesh. 6 . 6 . The composite decorative board according to claim 4 , wherein the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber layer include polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers or At least one of basalt fibers. 7. The composite decorative board according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the thermal insulation board comprises a thermosetting board, a homogeneous board, a siliceous board, a rock wool board, a mineral wool board, and a foamed cement At least one of board, foamed glass board, foamed ceramic board, perlite board, extruded plastic board, polystyrene board, graphite modified board, phenolic board or polyurethane board. 8. The composite decorative panel according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the composite decorative panel is provided with a preset connector for connecting with the wall. 9. A preparation method of the composite decorative panel according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: The surface layer material is coated on both sides of the thermal insulation board, and after the surface layer material is cured, a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel are formed on both sides of the thermal insulation board respectively to prepare the composite Decorative plates; or, The surface layer material, the heat insulation layer material and the surface layer material are sequentially coated, and after curing, a composite decorative panel having a structure of a first decorative panel, a heat insulating panel and a second decorative panel is formed. 10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the first layer layer material is placed in a mold, and then the thermal insulation board or the thermal insulation board is laid on the surface of the first layer layer material. Layer material will, and then lay a second layer of layer material on the surface of the thermal insulation board or the thermal insulation layer material, and form the composite decorative board after curing.

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