CN111397641B

CN111397641B - Photoelectric encoder with electronic rotating disc

Info

Publication number: CN111397641B
Application number: CN202010257679.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁均淋
Original assignee: Xinchang Hongji Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: XINCHANG HONGJI ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-04-03
Filing date: 2020-04-03
Publication date: 2021-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-03
Also published as: CN111397641A

Abstract

The invention relates to a photoelectric encoder with an electronic rotating disc, which comprises a base, a light source, a transmission structure, the rotating disc and a response circuit, wherein the response circuit is provided with a first contact structure, a second contact structure and a data processor, a central conductive contact area and an edge conductive contact area are respectively connected to the data processor through the first contact structure and the second contact structure, the data processor receives signals output by the rotating disc to realize counting, the light source is arranged on the base, the transmission structure drives the rotating disc to rotate when in work, the photoelectric module is omitted, the photoelectric module is directly fixed on the rotating disc through a photosensitive coating wire, the signals are directly output through the rotation of the rotating disc, and the size and the circuit design cost of the photoelectric encoder are greatly simplified.

Description

Photoelectric encoder with electronic rotating disc

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an optical-electrical encoder, and more particularly, to an optical-electrical encoder having an electronic rotating disk.

Background

The photoelectric encoder is a sensor for converting mechanical geometric displacement on an output shaft into pulse or digital quantity by photoelectric conversion, and is the most applied sensor. A typical photoelectric encoder is mainly composed of a grating disk and a photoelectric detection device. In the servo system, the photoelectric rotating disc is coaxial with the motor, so that when the motor rotates, the grating disc and the motor rotate at the same speed, and a plurality of pulse signals are detected and output by a detection device composed of electronic elements such as light emitting diodes. The current rotating speed of the motor can be reflected by calculating the number of pulses output by the photoelectric encoder per second. In addition, for judging the rotating direction, the rotating disc can also provide 2 channels of optical code output with 90-degree phase difference, and the motor steering is determined according to the state change of the two channels of optical codes. Encoders can be classified into optical, magnetic, inductive, and capacitive types according to detection principles. The method can be divided into 3 types of increment type, absolute type and mixed type according to the calibration method and the signal output form. The incremental encoder directly utilizes the photoelectric conversion principle to output three groups of square wave pulses A, B and Z phases; A. the phase difference of the two groups of pulses B is 90 degrees, so that the rotation direction can be conveniently judged, and the phase Z is one pulse per rotation and is used for positioning a reference point. Its advantages are simple structure, long average life of machine (more than tens of thousands of hours), high anti-interference power and reliability, and long-distance transmission. The disadvantage is the inability to output absolute positional information of the shaft rotation. The absolute encoder is a sensor for directly outputting digital quantity, a plurality of concentric code channels are arranged on a circular rotating disc of the absolute encoder along the radial direction, each channel is formed by alternately arranging light-transmitting and light-tight sector areas, the number of the sectors of the adjacent code channels is in a double relation, the number of the code channels on the rotating disc is the number of bits of binary number of the code channels, a light source is arranged on one side of the rotating disc, and a photosensitive element is arranged on the other side of the rotating disc corresponding to each code channel; when the rotary disk is at different positions, each photosensitive element converts a corresponding level signal according to whether the rotary disk is illuminated or not to form binary number. The encoder is characterized in that a counter is not needed, and a fixed digital code corresponding to the position can be read at any position of a rotating shaft. Obviously, the more tracks, the higher the resolution, and for an encoder with N-bit binary resolution, the N tracks must be on the rotating disc. There are 21-bit absolute encoder products in China. The absolute encoder performs photoelectric conversion using a natural binary or cyclic binary (gray code) method. The absolute encoder is different from the incremental encoder in that a light-transmitting and light-tight line pattern is arranged on a disk, the absolute encoder can be provided with a plurality of codes, and the absolute position is detected according to the codes read out from the rotating disk. The design of the code can adopt binary codes, cyclic codes, binary complement codes and the like. It is characterized in that: the absolute value of the angle coordinate can be directly read; no accumulated error; the position information is not lost after the power supply is cut off. However, the resolution is determined by the number of binary bits, that is, the precision depends on the number of bits, and there are many kinds such as 10 bits and 14 bits. A hybrid absolute value encoder that outputs two sets of information: one group of information is used for detecting the magnetic pole position and has an absolute information function; the other group is identical to the output information of the incremental encoder.

In the existing photoelectric encoder, the photoelectric module has a large volume, and needs a rotating disc for matching, so that the structure is complex, and the design cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an optical-electrical encoder with an electronic rotating disk to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a photoelectric encoder with an electronic rotating disc comprises a base, a light source, a transmission structure, the rotating disc and a response circuit, wherein the light source is arranged on the base, the transmission structure drives the rotating disc to rotate when in work,

the rotating disc is provided with a central conductive contact area, an edge conductive contact area and a plurality of photosensitive coating wires arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc, the edge conductive contact area is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc, the central conductive contact area is arranged at the central position of the rotating disc, two ends of each photosensitive coating wire are respectively connected with a central conductive position area and the edge conductive contact area, each photosensitive coating wire is made of photosensitive materials, the resistance value of each photosensitive coating wire is reduced under the irradiation of the light source, an irradiation interval area is arranged between every two adjacent photosensitive coating wires, and when the rotating disc is driven by the transmission structure to rotate, the irradiation area of the light source is smaller than the irradiation size, so that at most one photosensitive coating wire in the interval area is irradiated by the light source when the transmission structure rotates;

the response circuit is provided with a first contact structure, a second contact structure and a data processor, the central conductive contact area and the edge conductive contact area are respectively connected to the data processor through the first contact structure and the second contact structure, and the data processor receives signals output on the rotating disc to realize counting.

Furthermore, the first contact structure is electrically connected with the central conductive contact area through a first contact ball, and the second contact structure is in point connection with the edge conductive contact area through a second contact ball.

Further, a first spring is arranged on the first contact ball, the first spring provides pressing force for pressing the first contact ball on the edge conductive contact area, and a second spring is arranged on the second contact ball, and the second spring provides pressing force for pressing the second contact ball on the edge conductive contact area.

Furthermore, the resistance values of other photosensitive coating lines under the illumination condition are sequentially increased along one rotation direction of the rotating disc by taking one photosensitive coating line as a starting point.

Further, the photosensitive coating wire is made of cadmium sulfide, selenium and aluminum sulfide according to the proportion of 8:1: 2.

Further, the photosensitive coating line is fixed on the rotating disc in a welding mode.

Further, the response circuit comprises a trigger module, and the trigger module is used for outputting a trigger signal to control the data processor to work.

Further, the trigger module is set as a light response switch, when the light source works, light beams irradiate the light response switch, and the light response switch outputs the trigger signal when receiving the light beams.

Further, the triggering module is set as a wireless module.

Further, the trigger module comprises a rotary switch, and when the transmission structure rotates, the rotary switch outputs the trigger signal.

The technical effects of the invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: through setting up like this, saved photoelectric module's setting, and scribble the wiring snap-on the rolling disc through photosensitive, through the rotation direct output signal of rolling disc, simplified photoelectric encoder's volume and circuit design cost greatly.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a photoelectric encoder with an electronic rotating disc;

FIG. 2: the invention relates to a top view of a rotary plate of a photoelectric encoder with an electronic rotary plate.

Reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a light source; 3. a transmission structure; 4. rotating the disc; 41. a central conductive contact region; 42. an edge conductive contact region; 43. photosensitive coating lines; 51. a first contact structure; 511. a first ball bearing; 512. a first spring; 52. a second contact structure; 521. a second ball bearing; 522. a second spring; 53. a data processor; 54. and a triggering module.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand and understand.

Referring to the figures, the photoelectric encoder with the electronic rotating disc 4 comprises a base 1, a light source 2, a transmission structure 3, the rotating disc 4 and a response circuit, wherein the light source 2 is arranged on the base 1, the transmission structure 3 drives the rotating disc 4 to rotate when in work,

the rotating disk 4 is provided with a central conductive contact area 41, an edge conductive contact area 42 and a plurality of photosensitive coating lines 43 arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disk 4, the edge conductive contact area 42 is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc 4, the central conductive contact area 41 is arranged at the central position of the rotating disc 4, two ends of each photosensitive coating line 43 are respectively connected with the central conductive position area and the edge conductive contact area 42, the photo-sensitive coating lines 43 are made of a photo-sensitive material, the resistance of the photo-sensitive coating lines 43 is reduced under the irradiation of the light source 2, an irradiation interval region is provided between the adjacent photo-sensitive coating lines 43, when the transmission structure 3 drives the rotating disc 4 to rotate, the illumination area of the light source 2 is smaller than the size of the illumination interval area, so that only one photosensitive coating line 43 at most is illuminated by the light source 2 when the transmission structure 3 rotates; in the prior art, the photo-electric module is arranged through the rotating disc 4, and now the photo-electric module does not need to be arranged to sense light, but only through arranging the coating wire on the rotating disc 4, and through the arrangement of the coating wire, in the rotating process, the photosensitive coating wire 43 is sequentially irradiated, and can count according to the output signal according to the change of the resistance value, so that the effect of the photo-electric encoder can be achieved, and the detailed description is provided below. The photosensitive coating line 43 is made of cadmium sulfide, selenium and aluminum sulfide according to the proportion of 8:1: 2. Cadmium sulfide, there are two kinds of crystal, alpha-type is lemon yellow powder, beta-type is orange red powder. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in acid, slightly soluble in ammonia. Can be used for preparing fireworks, glass glaze, porcelain glaze, luminescent materials and pigments. High-purity cadmium sulfide is a good semiconductor and has a strong photoelectric effect on visible light. Selenium is a chemical element, the chemical symbol is Se, is located in group VI a of the fourth period in the periodic table of chemical elements, and is a nonmetal. Can be used as a photosensitive material. Aluminum sulfide (also known as aluminum trisulfide) aluminum sulfate has the chemical formula Al2S3, molecular weight 150.16. The pure product is white needle-shaped crystal, and impurities which are usually seen are yellow gray dense substances. The density is 2.02g/cm3, the melting point is 1100 ℃, and aluminum sulfide is completely hydrolyzed in hot water to generate aluminum hydroxide precipitate and hydrogen sulfide. The mixed material is made into a mixed material in a molten state, the mixed material is shaped into a required linear structure, and then the linear structure is fixed on the rotating disc 4 in a welding mode, so that the electronic code disc is formed.

The response circuit is provided with a first contact structure 51, a second contact structure 52 and a data processor 53, the central conductive contact area 41 and the edge conductive contact area 42 are respectively connected to the data processor 53 through the first contact structure 51 and the second contact structure 52, and the data processor 53 receives signals output on the rotating disc 4 to realize counting. First of all, the first contact structure 51 and the second contact structure 52 need to ensure that the rotating disc 4 can always be in contact with the above-mentioned contact structures during rotation, the principle being similar to a brush. By this arrangement, during the rotation of the rotary disk 4 and the turning on of the light source 2, the light source 2 sequentially irradiates the photosensitive coating lines 43 to generate a signal similar to a square wave, and the position of each photosensitive coating line 43 on the rotary disk 4 is a known amount, so that the rotation angle can be obtained according to the waveforms on the first contact structure 51 and the second contact structure 52. The photosensitive coating line 43 is fixed to the rotary disk 4 by welding.

In one embodiment, the first contact structure 51 is electrically connected to the central conductive contact area 41 via a first contact ball, and the second contact structure 52 is electrically connected to the edge conductive contact area 42 via a second contact ball. A first spring 512 is arranged on the first contact ball, the first spring 512 providing a pressing force for pressing the first contact ball against the edge conductive contact area 42, and a second spring 522 is arranged on the second contact ball, the second spring 522 providing a pressing force for pressing the second contact ball against the edge conductive contact area 42. By means of the arrangement, abrasion can be reduced to the maximum degree, and meanwhile service life can be guaranteed after abrasion.

The resistance values of the other photo-sensitive coating lines 43 under the illumination condition are sequentially increased along a rotation direction of the rotary disk 4 with one photo-sensitive coating line 43 as a starting point. With this arrangement, if the rotating disk 4 is rotated in the same direction as the above, the obtained waveforms are sequentially decreased, and if the rotating disk 4 is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, the obtained waveforms are sequentially increased, and thus, the direction can be determined.

The response circuit comprises a trigger module 54, and the trigger module 54 is configured to output a trigger signal to control the data processor 53 to operate. In one embodiment, the triggering module 54 is configured as a light-responsive switch that is illuminated by a light beam when the light source 2 is operating, and outputs the triggering signal when the light beam is received by the light-responsive switch. In one embodiment, the triggering module 54 is configured as a wireless module. In one embodiment, the triggering module 54 comprises a rotary switch, which outputs the triggering signal when the transmission structure 3 rotates. Since power is consumed if the optical encoder is operated without turning on the light source 2, a trigger switch is required to monitor the entire optical encoder.

The above are only typical examples of the present invention, and besides, the present invention may have other embodiments, and all the technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent changes are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a photoelectric encoder with electron rolling disc, includes base, light source, transmission structure, rolling disc and response circuit, the light source set up in on the base, the transmission structure during operation drives the rolling disc rotates its characterized in that:

the rotating disc is provided with a central conductive contact area, an edge conductive contact area and a plurality of photosensitive coating wires arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc, the edge conductive contact area is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc, the central conductive contact area is arranged at the central position of the rotating disc, two ends of each photosensitive coating wire are respectively connected with the central conductive contact area and the edge conductive contact area, each photosensitive coating wire is made of photosensitive materials, the resistance value of each photosensitive coating wire is reduced under the irradiation of the light source, an irradiation interval area is arranged between every two adjacent photosensitive coating wires, and when the rotating disc is driven to rotate by the transmission structure, the irradiation area of the light source is smaller than the irradiation size, so that only one photosensitive coating wire is irradiated by the light source in the interval area at most when the transmission structure rotates;

the response circuit is provided with a first contact structure, a second contact structure and a data processor, the central conductive contact area and the edge conductive contact area are respectively connected to the data processor through the first contact structure and the second contact structure, and the data processor receives signals output by the rotating disc to realize counting;

the first contact structure is electrically connected with the central conductive contact area through a first contact ball, and the second contact structure is electrically connected with the edge conductive contact area through a second contact ball; the first contact ball is provided with a first spring, the first spring provides pressing force for pressing the first contact ball on the edge conductive contact area, the second contact ball is provided with a second spring, and the second spring provides pressing force for pressing the second contact ball on the edge conductive contact area;

taking a photosensitive coating line as a starting point, and sequentially increasing the resistance values of other photosensitive coating lines under the illumination condition along one rotation direction of the rotating disc; the photosensitive coating wire is prepared from cadmium sulfide, selenium and aluminum sulfide according to the proportion of 8:1: 2; the photosensitive coating wire is fixed on the rotating disc in a welding mode; the response circuit comprises a trigger module, and the trigger module is used for outputting a trigger signal to control the data processor to work; the trigger module is set as a light response switch, when the light source works, light beams irradiate the light response switch, and the light response switch outputs the trigger signal when receiving the light beams;

the triggering module is set as a wireless module;

the trigger module comprises a rotary switch, and when the transmission structure rotates, the rotary switch outputs the trigger signal.