CN111395951B - Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system - Google Patents
Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111395951B CN111395951B CN202010380985.0A CN202010380985A CN111395951B CN 111395951 B CN111395951 B CN 111395951B CN 202010380985 A CN202010380985 A CN 202010380985A CN 111395951 B CN111395951 B CN 111395951B
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which comprises a substrate for wrapping at least two impact assemblies, wherein each impact assembly comprises an impact unit arranged in the substrate, one end of each impact unit is detachably connected with a drill bit, a second center hole is formed in each impact unit, an air flow groove is formed in the lower end of the substrate and is communicated with the second center hole, and the air flow groove is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the substrate so as to discharge rock slag from the slag discharge groove. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the hole diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm, slag discharge is easy, and further the drilled hole is well formed and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling construction, in particular to a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system.
Background
The down-the-hole drill is a construction engineering device for piling holes, is suitable for engineering blasting hole drilling operations of metallurgy, coal, building materials, railways, hydropower construction, national defense construction, earth and stone, and the like, has the characteristics of high drilling efficiency, wide application range and the like compared with a common rock drill, and is currently universal rock drilling equipment.
When the rock drilling equipment encounters hard stratum, especially rock stratum, it is difficult to drill holes by using a drill bit, an impactor is required to be installed on the drill for impact drilling, the diameter of the impactor is generally smaller than 300mm, the drill bit below the impactor can axially move and synchronously rotate along with the impact, impact energy generated in the impactor is transmitted to the drill bit, the drill bit can impact rock to crush the rock in a reciprocating manner, broken rock slag is discharged from the outer wall of the drill bit, and the rock slag is collected by a dust collecting device.
With the development of industries such as metallurgy, coal, building materials, railways, hydroelectric construction, national defense construction, earth and stone, and the like, the drilling construction with the diameter of 500-800 mm and 1000mm is more required, so that a large-caliber impactor appears on the market, the large-caliber impactor drills a large-caliber hole, particularly when the drilling depth is gradually increased, rock slag is continuously increased, the rock slag is discharged from the outer wall of the impactor, when the rock slag cannot be timely discharged, collapse is easily caused at the bottom of the hole, on the other hand, the rock stratum environment is uncertain, a mud-sand layer and a hard rock stratum are possibly alternately generated, or slag discharge is difficult, and the impactor is required to be settled when the drilling diameter of 500-800 mm and 1000mm large-caliber holes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the hole diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm, and is easy to slag, so that the drilled hole is well formed and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A large caliber reverse circulation impact system comprises a matrix for wrapping at least two impact components;
The impactor assembly comprises an impactor monomer arranged in the matrix, one end of the impactor monomer is detachably connected with a drill bit, and a second center hole is formed in the impactor monomer;
The lower end part of the substrate is provided with an air flow groove;
The air flow groove is communicated with the second center hole, and is also communicated with a slag discharging groove arranged in the matrix, so that the rock slag is discharged from the slag discharging groove.
Preferably, the air flow grooves comprise curved sections, and the curved sections are arranged between adjacent drill bits.
Preferably, the impactor element is fixed on the base body through a first joint,
The base body comprises an upper receiving disc,
A first vent hole is arranged in the axial direction perpendicular to the first joint, and one end of the first vent hole is connected with
The first central hole on the first connector is communicated, and the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with the second vent hole in the upper connecting disc;
the first center hole is communicated with a second center hole arranged in the impactor monomer.
Preferably, an arc-shaped ring groove is arranged on the circumference of the first joint, and the arc-shaped ring groove is communicated with the first vent hole.
Preferably, the impactor element comprises a check valve with one end matched with the first central hole,
A gas distribution seat which is propped against the other end of the check valve,
A piston matched with the air distribution seat,
A first air chamber arranged between the piston and the air distribution seat,
A second air chamber arranged at the end parts of the piston and the drill bit,
And through the change of the air pressure in the first air chamber and the second air chamber, the piston moves up and down in a reciprocating mode, and then the drill bit is impacted, so that the drill bit impacts a rock stratum.
Preferably, the drill bit comprises a drill shank, wherein a spiral groove is formed in the drill shank, and the spiral direction of the spiral groove is identical to the rotation direction of the base body when the base body works.
Preferably, through holes are formed in the piston and the drill bit;
the lower end part of the drill bit is provided with an exhaust groove which is communicated with the through hole;
The air flow groove is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove and the slag discharge groove;
the number of the exhaust grooves is at least two, and the exhaust grooves are spirally distributed;
the rotation direction of the exhaust groove is the same as the rotation direction of the base body during working.
Preferably, the substrate is provided with a connecting structure;
the connecting structure comprises an upper joint arranged above the base body;
the upper joint comprises a body with one end fixedly connected with the upper end of the matrix;
and a connecting part connected with the other end of the body;
the connecting part and the drill rod are respectively provided with a connecting hole, the outer wall of the connecting part is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod, and the connecting part is matched with the connecting holes through a pin shaft so as to realize detachable connection of the upper joint and the drill rod.
Preferably, a guide rod is arranged near the lower end of the base body, and the guide rod is used for pre-drilling the bottom hole.
Preferably, the impactor unit is provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure is matched with the clamping hole in the matrix.
The invention provides a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which comprises a substrate for wrapping at least two impact assemblies, wherein each impact assembly comprises an impact unit arranged in the substrate, one end of each impact unit is detachably connected with a drill bit, a second central hole is formed in each impact unit, an air flow groove is formed in the lower end of the substrate and communicated with the second central hole, and the air flow groove is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the substrate so as to discharge rock slag from the slag discharge groove.
The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is essentially different from a traditional impact device in work, the traditional impact device converts high-pressure gas into kinetic energy, the impact drill bit breaks rocks, then the rock is discharged from the impact device, the broken rocks are blown to the periphery of the impact device, and then the dust catching device collects the broken rocks. The application provides a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, wherein an air flow groove is arranged at the lower end part of a substrate, the air flow groove is communicated with a second center hole, high-pressure air flows to the air flow groove through the second center hole, then flows to a slag discharging groove in the substrate from the air flow groove, after the high-pressure air is blown out of an impactor, the high-pressure air is accumulated in the air flow groove, the side wall of the air flow groove is in arc smooth connection, the discharged high-pressure air forms a cyclone in the air flow groove, the cyclone drives broken rock to move into the slag discharging groove, and the slag discharging groove is arranged in the substrate, so that the whole slag is discharged from the inside of the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system.
The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is suitable for gradually increasing the drilling depth and continuously increasing the rock slag when drilling holes with the diameters of 500-800 mm and 1000mm, and the rock slag is discharged from the inside of the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, can be discharged in time and is not easy to collapse at the bottom of the holes. When the stratum environment is uncertain, the alternate appearance of the mud and sand layer and the hard stratum can occur, and the mobility and viscosity of the mud and sand layer are larger, and slag discharging difficulty can occur when the impactor of the prior art is adopted. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is also suitable for the condition that the stratum environment is uncertain. Therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the drilling diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm under the condition that the stratum environment is uncertain, slag discharge is easy, and further, the drilled hole is well formed and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large caliber reverse circulation impact system in the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another construction of the large caliber reverse circulation impact system according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a structure in which an impactor element is mounted on a base in the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper joint in the present embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a clamping structure in the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the impactor itself;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper tray in the present embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the impactor itself in the present embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the helical groove on the drill bit according to the present embodiment;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vent slot on the drill bit in this embodiment.
Reference numerals in the drawings illustrate: 1. a base; 2. an impactor assembly; 3. an impactor monomer; 4. a drill bit; 5. a first joint; 6. a clamping hole; 7. a boss; 9. a second vent hole; 10. arc ring groove; 11. an upper tray; 12. a threaded hole; 13. a gasket; 14. a gas flow groove; 15. a slag discharge groove; 16. a screw assembly; 17. a guide rod; 18. an upper joint; 19. a guide surface; 20. a first central bore; 21. a second central bore; 31. a non-return valve; 32. a gas distribution seat; 33. a piston; 34. a first air chamber; 35. a second air chamber; 36. an exhaust groove; 41. a drill shank; 42. a spiral groove; 181. a body; 182. a connection part; 183. a connection hole; 184. reinforcing ribs.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, which comprises a base 1 for wrapping at least two impact components, wherein the impact component 2 comprises an impact unit 3 arranged in the base 1, one end of the impact unit 3 is detachably connected with a drill bit 4, a second center hole 21 is arranged in the impact unit 3, an air flow groove 14 is arranged at the lower end of the base 1, the air flow groove 14 is communicated with the second center hole 21, and the air flow groove 14 is also communicated with a slag discharge groove 15 arranged in the base 1, so as to realize the discharge of rock slag from the slag discharge groove 15.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is essentially different from a traditional impactor in that high-pressure gas is converted into kinetic energy, the impact drill 4 breaks rocks, the rocks are discharged from the interior of the impactor, the broken rocks are blown to the periphery of the impactor, and the broken rocks are collected by a dust collecting device. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is characterized in that the air flow groove 14 is arranged at the lower end part of the base body 1, the air flow groove 14 is communicated with the second center hole 21, high-pressure air flows to the air flow groove 14 through the second center hole 21, the high-pressure air flows to the slag discharge groove 15 in the base body 1 from the air flow groove 14, after being blown out from the impactor monomer 3, the high-pressure air is accumulated in the air flow groove 14, the side walls of the air flow groove 14 are in arc smooth connection, the discharged high-pressure air forms a cyclone in the air flow groove 14, the cyclone drives broken rocks to move into the slag discharge groove 15, and the slag discharge groove 15 is arranged in the base body 1, so that the whole slag is discharged from the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, and the slag discharge mode is called reverse circulation, and is different from the normal circulation slag discharge working mechanism of the traditional impactor, and the rock slag is discharged from the exterior of the impactor.
The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is suitable for gradually increasing the drilling depth and continuously increasing the rock slag when drilling holes with the diameters of 500-800 mm and 1000mm, and the rock slag is discharged from the inside of the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, can be discharged in time and is not easy to collapse at the bottom of the holes. When the stratum environment is uncertain, the alternate appearance of the mud and sand layer and the hard stratum can occur, and the mobility and viscosity of the mud and sand layer are larger, and slag discharging difficulty can occur when the impactor of the prior art is adopted. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is also suitable for the condition that the stratum environment is uncertain. Therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the drilling diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm under the condition that the stratum environment is uncertain, slag discharge is easy, and further, the drilled hole is well formed and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
On the other hand, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application has higher drilling efficiency than a single equal-diameter integral type impactor. In particular, since the drilling efficiency of the impactor depends on the amount of attack work produced, which is related to the weight of the piston 33 and the end-of-impact velocity. Under the same conditions, the binding type impactor is faster than the integral type impactor.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the air flow grooves 14 include curved sections, which are provided between adjacent drill bits 4. Curved sections are arranged between the adjacent drill bits 4, preferably, the curved sections are arc sections, when the high-pressure gas is discharged from the second central hole 21 and flows into the airflow groove 14, arc sections are arranged at positions close to the impact work of the drill bits 4, the high-pressure gas moves circularly in the arc sections, and the acting force direction and the speed direction of the high-pressure gas on the arc sections are continuously changed, so that cyclone is formed. The circular arc sections are arranged between the adjacent drill bits 4, so that cyclone is easier to form, on the other hand, when the rock slag is in the circular arc sections in the airflow grooves 14, the rock slag is subjected to centrifugal force, so that the rock slag has a certain speed, and when the cyclone drives the rock slag to move towards the slag discharge grooves 15, the rock slag has a speed, so that the rock slag moves towards the slag discharge grooves 15 more quickly, and therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application has high slag discharge efficiency.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the impactor element 3 is fixed on the base 1 through the first joint 5, the base 1 comprises an upper joint disc 11, a first vent hole is arranged in the axial direction perpendicular to the first joint 5, one end of the first vent hole is communicated with a first central hole 20 on the first joint 5, the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with a second vent hole 9 in the upper joint disc 11, and the first central hole 20 is communicated with a second central hole 21 in the impactor element 3.
When high-pressure gas is input into the central hole of the upper tray 11, the second vent holes 9 are perpendicular to the central hole of the upper tray 11, the high-pressure gas flows from the central hole of the upper tray 11 to the second vent holes 9, then enters the first vent holes, and then enters the first central holes 20 on the first connector 5, and finally the high-pressure gas enters the second central holes 21 inside the impactor monomers 3 from the first central holes 20, so that the high-pressure gas is split through the second vent holes 9 through the above-mentioned airflow distribution structure and is split into each impactor monomer 3, the high-pressure gas entering the impactor monomers 3 is converted into kinetic energy, and the impact drill 4 is impacted, so that the purpose of breaking the rock is achieved.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, an arc-shaped ring groove 10 is provided in the circumferential direction of the first joint 5, and the arc-shaped ring groove 10 communicates with the first vent hole. When the high-pressure gas reaches the impactor monomer 3 through each first vent hole, the air flows in the arc-shaped annular groove 10, preferably, the first vent holes are provided with a plurality of air flows, and then the air flows into each first vent hole after flowing in the arc-shaped annular groove 10.
The impactor 3 comprises a check valve 31 with one end matched with the first central hole 20, a gas distribution seat 32 abutted against the other end of the check valve 31, a piston 33 matched with the gas distribution seat 32, a first air chamber 34 arranged between the piston 33 and the gas distribution seat 32, a second air chamber 35 arranged between the piston 33 and the end part of the drill bit 4, and the air pressure in the first air chamber 34 and the second air chamber 35 is changed to realize the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the piston 33 so as to impact the drill bit 4, so that the drill bit 4 impacts a rock stratum.
The high-pressure gas enters the single body of the impact system to impact the rock stratum, specifically, when the high-pressure gas enters the single body of the impact system and is matched with the first central hole 20 of the first joint 5, the high-pressure gas of the drilling machine flows to each first joint 5 through the upper joint 18 and the upper joint disc 11, then flows to the first central hole 20, the high-pressure gas acts on the check valve 31 to apply pressure to the check valve 31, the check valve 31 moves downwards, the check valve 31 is not matched with the first central hole 20 any more, due to the fact that one end of the check valve 31 abuts against the air distribution seat 32, when the high-pressure gas reaches the second air chamber 35, the air pressure in the second air chamber 35 is larger than the air pressure in the first air chamber 34, the piston 33 is pushed upwards, when the air pressure in the first air chamber 34 is larger than the air pressure in the second air chamber 35, the air pressure in the first air chamber 34 pushes the piston 33 downwards to impact, the end of the piston 33 downwards impacts the end of the drill bit 4, and when the piston 33 downwards impacts the drill bit 4.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 9 to 10, the drill 4 comprises a drill shank 41, wherein a spiral groove 42 is arranged on the drill shank 41, and the spiral groove 42 has the same rotation direction as that of the base body 1 during working.
When the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system works, the drill bit 4 reciprocates up and down to impact rock strata, heat is generated at the position of the drill shank 41 of the drill bit 4 due to friction in the movement process, high-pressure gas enters the spiral groove 42, the groove is spiral, the high-pressure gas is conveyed along the central line of the spiral groove 42, the spiral groove 42 winds around the cylindrical surface of the drill shank 41, heat can be dissipated in the circumferential direction of the drill shank 41, an included angle is formed between the spiral groove and the central line of the drill shank 41, heat can be dissipated at different circumferential positions and different height positions of the drill shank 41, and heat dissipation can only be conducted at the same bus position of the drill shank 41 through the straight groove in the prior art, so that the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application has better heat dissipation effect.
On the other hand, when the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system works, friction force is generated between the cut rock slag and the drill bit 4, so that the drill bit 4 can rotate in a small range, the spline grooves in the prior art are straight grooves, once the drill bit 4 rotates in a small range, other parts on the impactor can block the spline grooves, high-pressure gas cannot take away and discharge heat at a contact position, the position, close to the drill bit 4, of the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system can be continuously overheated, and further the service life of the drill bit 4 is reduced. Therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application can effectively solve the problem of overheating of the drill shank 41 of the drill bit 4 in the use process, and prolong the service life of the drill bit 4.
The number of the spiral grooves 42 is at least two, the contact area between the high-pressure gas and the drill shank 41 is increased by increasing the number of the spiral grooves 42, and the high-pressure gas can be exhausted along the plurality of spiral grooves 42 at the same time, so that heat is taken away as much as possible, and the heat dissipation effect of the drill shank 41 is improved.
Wherein, the piston 33 and the drill bit 4 are provided with through holes, the lower end of the drill bit 4 is provided with an exhaust groove 36, the exhaust groove 36 is communicated with the through holes, the air flow groove 14 is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove 36 and the slag discharging groove 15, at least two exhaust grooves 36 are spirally distributed, and the rotation direction of the exhaust groove 36 is the same as that of the base body 1 during working.
When the impact device works, broken rock slag is accumulated near the drill bit 4, and if the broken rock slag is not removed in time along with the continuous work of the impact device, the broken rock slag can continuously rub the surface of the drill bit 4, so that the drill bit 4 is overheated; on the other hand, in order to accelerate the clearance speed of broken rock slag, avoid broken rock slag to accumulate near drill bit 4, high-pressure gas gets into from first centre bore 20, dash check valve 31, get into the air flue on the distribution seat 32, reentrant piston 33 and the through-hole in drill bit 4 after flowing into first air chamber 34, finally get into exhaust groove 36, because exhaust groove 36 sets up the lower tip at drill bit 4, the space between the lower tip of drill bit 4 and the stratum bottom is limited, high-pressure gas has certain pressure and speed, and then high-pressure gas forms the cyclone between drill bit 4 lower tip and stratum bottom, this cyclone makes broken rock slag discharge all around drill bit 4, slag discharging speed has been accelerated greatly, avoid drill bit 4 overheated.
At least two exhaust grooves 36 are spirally distributed. The number of the exhaust grooves 36 is increased in order to increase the air passage near the drill bit 4. The impact device provided by the application is large-caliber impact equipment, the power mechanism transmits power to the base body 1, the base body 1 rotates to drive the plurality of impactor monomers 3 and the drill bit 4 which are arranged in a binding way to synchronously rotate along with the base body 1, meanwhile, the drill bit 4 self-extrudes and rubs with rock slag, and also can rotate in a small range, so that the slag discharging speed of the lower end part of the drill bit 4 is higher, the plurality of exhaust grooves 36 are spirally distributed, high-pressure gas enters the exhaust grooves 36 and is subjected to centrifugal force, so that the cyclone formed by the high-pressure gas also has centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force enables the slag discharging speed to be higher.
On the basis of the embodiment, the rotation direction of the exhaust groove 36 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the base body 1 during operation, so that the moment formed by centrifugal force does not obstruct the rotation of the base body 1, and the slag discharging speed is ensured.
It should be noted that, the present technical solution mainly solves the problem of heating of the drill bit 4 from the following aspects, firstly, by arranging the spiral groove 42, the cooling air passage forms an acute angle with the generatrix of the drill shank 41 to form a spiral angle, so that the cooling air passage can wind the whole drill shank 41, meanwhile, the cooling air passages are also arranged in a plurality, the rotation direction of the spiral direction matrix 1 is the same when in operation, and the impact device is prevented from affecting the flow of high-pressure gas in the cooling air passage due to the small-range friction of the drill bit 4 when in operation; secondly, the crushed rock slag accumulated near the drill bit 4 is reduced, the slag can be smoothly discharged through the arrangement of the inside of the impactor and the arrangement of the exhaust grooves 36 at the lower end part of the drill bit 4, and then the slag discharging speed is improved by improving the number, the distribution mode and the rotation direction of the exhaust grooves 36.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, a connection structure is arranged on a base 1, the connection structure comprises an upper joint 18 arranged above the base 1, the upper joint 18 comprises a body 181 with one end fixedly connected with the upper end of the base 1, and a connection part 182 connected with the other end of the body 181, connection holes 183 are respectively arranged on the connection part 182 and a drill rod, the outer wall of the connection part 182 is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod, and the upper joint 18 is matched with the connection holes 183 through a pin shaft so as to realize detachable connection of the drill rod and the upper joint 18.
In the prior art drilling process, the drill rod is connected to a impactor which is connected to the drill bit 4, and the drill bit 4 hammers and shears broken rock, and at the same time, the reaction force of the rock is transmitted to the drill rod. The upper end of the impactor is usually provided with a connector, an external thread is arranged on the connector, an internal thread is arranged on the inner diameter of the drill rod, and the external thread is matched with the internal thread, so that the drill rod is in threaded connection with the impactor. When the reaction force drill rod generated by drilling the rock stratum vibrates, the threaded engagement between the drill rod and the impactor is tighter, and once the impactor needs to be detached from the drill rod, the impactor needs to be detached by an auxiliary tool. Meanwhile, when the impactor is installed, the internal thread and the external thread are required to be aligned and then are installed in a rotary fit mode, the impactor is large in size and heavy, alignment work is particularly difficult, and therefore the installation of the impactor is also difficult.
According to the application, the upper end of the base body 1 is fixedly connected through the body 181, a pin shaft passes through the connecting part 182 and the connecting hole 183 on the drill rod, meanwhile, the outer wall of the connecting part 182 is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod, and the pin shaft is matched with the connecting hole 183, so that the upper joint 18 of the impact system is detachably connected with the drill rod. However, when the impact system is required to be detached from the drill rod, the pin shaft is only required to be knocked out of the connecting hole 183, and the pin shaft does not restrict the degrees of freedom of the impact system and the drill rod; when the device is required to be installed, the connecting holes 183 on the impact system and the connecting holes 183 on the drill rod are aligned, and the pin shafts are inserted, so that the pin shafts are used for restraining the degrees of freedom of the impact system and the drill rod. The degree of freedom constraints include relative rotation between the impact system and the drill rod, in-plane and vertical movement between the impact system and the drill rod. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application is easy to install and detach.
The cross section of the connecting portion 182 is polygonal, the number of sides of the connecting portion is at least an even number larger than that of the connecting portion, two pin shafts and two connecting holes 183 are arranged, and the two connecting holes 183 are respectively located on the side faces of the connecting portion 182 which are symmetrical to each other. When the cross section of the connection part 182 and the inner wall of the drill rod is trilateral, the connection part 182 and the connection hole 183 on the drill rod are difficult to align when installed, and thus the operation is inconvenient. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is polygonal, and the number of sides is at least an even number greater than that of the connecting portion 182, for example, when the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is quadrilateral, the pin shaft and the connecting hole 183 are both two, the axes of the connecting hole 183 are respectively arranged on any two opposite sides of the quadrilateral, so that the structural symmetry of the connecting position can be achieved while the freedom degree constraint on the impactor and the drill rod is satisfied, and the stressed load of the connecting position of the impactor and the drill rod is balanced, so that the impactor tends to be dynamically balanced during operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is hexagonal, and the pins are respectively disposed on two sides of the connecting portion 182 with the shortest distance. Unlike the embodiment where the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is quadrilateral, the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is hexagonal, so that less material is removed from the upper joint 18 when the degree of freedom constraints on the impactor and the drill rod are met, the structural strength of the connecting position between the impactor and the drill rod is high, and deformation of the connecting position is reduced when the impactor works.
The outer wall of the body 181 is provided with a reinforcing rib 184, the bottom of the reinforcing rib 184 is connected with the upper end of the base body 1, and the side part of the reinforcing rib 184 is connected with the outer wall of the body 181. The strength of the connection position between the body 181 and the base body 1 can be improved by the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 184, and breakage of the connection position between the body 181 and the base body 1 in the rotation process of the impactor is avoided.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs 184 are at least two and are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the body 181. The number of the reinforcing ribs 184 can be four, so that the reinforcing ribs 184 are symmetrical in structure, and stress at the connecting position of the impactor and the drill rod can be balanced, so that the impactor tends to be balanced dynamically during working.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a guide rod 17 is arranged near the lower end of the base body 1, and the guide rod 17 is used for pre-drilling a bottom hole.
Because the guide rod 17 lower extreme is located drill bit 4 tip below, during drilling construction, guide rod 17 contacts with the rock stratum earlier, form the bottom opening like this when drilling, and then the high-pressure gas on the rig passes through top connection 18 and transmits to the impactor monomer 3, the high-pressure gas in the impactor monomer 3 for drill bit 4 strikes the rock stratum, the rig makes percussion device rotatory, and then drives the inside impactor monomer 3 of base member 1 and drill bit 4 and rotate simultaneously, make the rock receive impact force and rotatory cutting force, reach the purpose of rock breakage, accomplish heavy-calibre drilling construction work. The guide rod 17 drills a bottom hole in the rock stratum in advance, so that the whole impact system cannot deviate from the center of the drilled hole due to overlarge instantaneous load or overlarge local stress, and when in construction, the whole impact device continuously drills by taking the bottom hole drilled by the guide rod 17 as the center, so that the center of the drilled hole cannot deviate, the verticality is good, and the drilling construction standard is achieved. Once the drilling hole deviates, the impact system rubs with the side wall of the drilling hole, and then drilling is continued, the drilling machine needs to output larger kinetic energy, and the energy consumption of drilling construction is increased.
The guide bar 17 comprises a guide surface 19, the guide surface 19 having an angle of less than 90 ° to the horizontal. When a harder drilling is encountered, the guide rod 17 is subjected to a momentary impact load, the guide rod 17 is subjected to an impact force, and the guide rod 17 is deflected in a small range, and in order to reduce the resistance of the guide rod 17 to drilling into the rock strata, the guide surface 19 is designed to have an angle of less than 90 °, preferably more than 20 ° and less than 75 °, with the horizontal plane. Under the same drilling force, the contact surface of the guide rod 17 and the rock stratum is reduced, so that the pressure born by the rock stratum is increased, the guide rod 17 is easier to drill the bottom hole, and on the other hand, the guide surface 19 plays a guiding role to accelerate the rock slag discharge speed of the bottom hole, so that the rock slag is not easy to gather at the bottom of the guide rod 17.
The end face of the guide rod 17 and the guide surface 19 are provided with wear-resistant layers, when a harder rock stratum is drilled, broken rock slag can abrade the end face of the guide rod 17 and the guide surface 19, and seriously, the rock slag is extruded with the guide rod 17, so that grooves and protruding parts 7 are formed on the guide rod 17, and the protruding parts 7 can cause the hole diameter of a bottom hole to be bigger or not required, therefore, the end face of the guide rod 17 and the guide surface 19 are provided with wear-resistant layers, the hole diameter of the drilled bottom hole is consistent, the service life of the guide rod 17 is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the impact device is reduced.
The end of the guide rod 17 is provided with drilling teeth, and the end of the guide rod 17 is provided with drilling teeth, so that the instantaneous rotary cutting force of the impact device when entering the rock stratum can be improved, and the stress of the guide rod 17 is reduced.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the impactor unit 3 is provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure is matched with the clamping hole 6 in the base body 1. Set up the joint structure on the single 3 of impacter to and be equipped with joint hole 6 in base member 1 inside for be close to the single 3 lower extreme of impacter and cooperate with joint hole 6 in the base member 1, through above-mentioned design, the single 3 of impacter is fixed with the position of base member 1, makes single 3 of impacter and drill bit 4 when being under construction, and single 3 of impacter is difficult to drop from impact device, has avoided impact system's damage, ensures drilling construction's reliability and security.
The clamping structure comprises a protruding part 7 arranged on the impactor monomer 3, and the protruding part 7 is clamped with the clamping hole 6. When the impact device works, when the drill bit 4 at the lower end of the impactor monomer 3 impacts a rock stratum, the rock stratum generates reverse impact force on the drill bit 4 and the impactor monomer 3, the protruding part 7 is matched with the clamping hole 6, the upper end of the protruding part 7 is contacted with the top surface of the clamping hole 6, the top surface of the clamping hole 6 limits the upward movement of the impactor monomer 3, the impact force of the impactor monomer 3 on the first connector 5 is reduced, the stress abrasion of the first connector 5 is reduced, and the service life of the first connector 5 is prolonged.
The protruding portion 7 is a polygon, which may be a triangle, a quadrangle, a penta-deformation, a hexagon, etc., and the polygon may serve to limit the impactor element 3, which is not particularly limited herein.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the base 1 includes an upper tray 11, and the first connector 5 is mated with the upper tray 11, such that the first connector 5 is fixed with the upper tray 11 by a screw assembly 16. Through last flange 11, adopt screw subassembly 16 to make the impacter monomer 3 fix on last flange 11, simultaneously, the high-pressure gas generating device who is connected with impact system, with high-pressure gas input to last flange 11, rethread flange 11 distributes to each impacter monomer 3, high-pressure gas makes the drill bit 4 of impacter monomer 3 lower extreme strike rock, simultaneously, external power component connects impact system, make impact system rotatory, and then drive the inside impacter monomer 3 of base member 1 and drill bit 4 rotatory simultaneously, make rock receive impact force and rotatory cutting force, reach the purpose of rock breakage, accomplish big hole drill hole construction work.
As shown in fig. 6, the first joint 5 is provided with a threaded hole 12, the screw assembly 16 includes a bolt matched with the threaded hole 12, and a gasket 13 for allowing the bolt to pass through, and the gasket 13 abuts against the upper end face of the upper joint disc 11. The bolts are screwed with the threaded holes 12 so that the first joint 5, the impactor element 3 and the drill bit 4 are fixed on the upper receiving plate 11, in order to prevent the bolts from loosening and to facilitate the disassembly of the first joint 5, the impactor element 3 and the drill bit 4 from the upper receiving plate 11.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on a difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A large caliber reverse circulation impact system, comprising a base body for wrapping at least two impact assemblies;
The impact assembly comprises an impact device monomer arranged in the matrix, one end of the impact device monomer is detachably connected with a drill bit, and a second center hole is formed in the impact device monomer;
The lower end part of the substrate is provided with an air flow groove;
The air flow groove is communicated with the second center hole and is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the matrix so as to realize the discharge of rock slag from the slag discharge groove;
the airflow grooves comprise curve sections, and the curve sections are arranged between adjacent drill bits;
The impactor monomer is fixed on the basal body through a first joint,
The base body comprises an upper receiving disc,
A first vent hole is arranged in the axial direction perpendicular to the first joint, and one end of the first vent hole is connected with
The first central hole on the first connector is communicated, and the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with the second vent hole in the upper connecting disc;
the first central hole is communicated with a second central hole arranged in the impactor monomer;
an arc-shaped annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the first connector, and the arc-shaped annular groove is communicated with the first vent hole; the impactor monomer comprises a check valve with one end matched with the first central hole,
A gas distribution seat which is propped against the other end of the check valve,
A piston matched with the air distribution seat,
A first air chamber arranged between the piston and the air distribution seat,
A second air chamber arranged at the end parts of the piston and the drill bit,
The piston reciprocates up and down through the change of the air pressure in the first air chamber and the second air chamber so as to impact the drill bit, so that the drill bit impacts rock strata;
wherein the curve section is specifically a circular arc section.
2. The heavy caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 1, wherein said drill bit comprises a drill shank provided with a spiral groove having the same rotation direction as the base body when in operation.
3. The heavy caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 2, wherein through holes are provided in both the piston and the drill bit;
the lower end part of the drill bit is provided with an exhaust groove which is communicated with the through hole;
The air flow groove is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove and the slag discharge groove;
the number of the exhaust grooves is at least two, and the exhaust grooves are spirally distributed;
the rotation direction of the exhaust groove is the same as the rotation direction of the base body during working.
4. A large caliber reverse circulation impact system as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
The base body is provided with a connecting structure;
the connecting structure comprises an upper joint arranged above the base body;
the upper joint comprises a body with one end fixedly connected with the upper end of the matrix;
and a connecting part connected with the other end of the body;
the connecting part and the drill rod are respectively provided with a connecting hole, the outer wall of the connecting part is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod, and the connecting part is matched with the connecting holes through a pin shaft so as to realize detachable connection of the upper joint and the drill rod.
5. The heavy caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 4, wherein a guide rod is provided near the lower end of said base body, said guide rod being used for pre-drilling a bottom hole.
6. The heavy caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 5, wherein said impactor element is provided with a clamping structure, said clamping structure cooperating with a clamping hole in said base.
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| CN202010380985.0A CN111395951B (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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| CN111395951B true CN111395951B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN114086892B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Drill bit structure of gas lift reverse circulation drilling machine |
| CN114016897B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-05-10 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Reverse circulation impactor and system |
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| CN103244051A (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2013-08-14 | 重庆卓典建设工程有限公司 | Combined down-hole hammer drilling tool and pile forming construction method thereof |
| CN207278183U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙超金刚机械制造有限公司 | High wind pressure reverse circulation impactor |
| CN110984844A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 山东浩洲地热工程有限公司 | Cluster impactor |
| CN212105723U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-08 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Reverse circulation impact device with guide structure |
| CN212225095U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-25 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103244051A (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2013-08-14 | 重庆卓典建设工程有限公司 | Combined down-hole hammer drilling tool and pile forming construction method thereof |
| CN207278183U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙超金刚机械制造有限公司 | High wind pressure reverse circulation impactor |
| CN110984844A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 山东浩洲地热工程有限公司 | Cluster impactor |
| CN212105723U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-08 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Reverse circulation impact device with guide structure |
| CN212225095U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-25 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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