CN111384782B - Clean energy storage system and energy storage method - Google Patents
Clean energy storage system and energy storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111384782B CN111384782B CN202010193310.5A CN202010193310A CN111384782B CN 111384782 B CN111384782 B CN 111384782B CN 202010193310 A CN202010193310 A CN 202010193310A CN 111384782 B CN111384782 B CN 111384782B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
本发明涉及储能技术领域，公开了一种清洁储能系统及储能方法。该储能系统包括空气压缩机、空气储库、储水装置、制氢装置、氢气压缩机和氢气储库，空气压缩机的出气口与空气储库的入口连接，储水装置的出水口与制氢装置的第一进水口连接，制氢装置的出气口与氢气压缩机的进气口连接，氢气压缩机的出气口与氢气储库的入口连接。该储能方法利用该储能系统，将压缩空气储能与制氢储氢结合起来，可用于电网调节和可再生能源消纳等场景；燃烧后的生成物无有害废气和其他污染物的产生；各个过程可单独进行或交叉进行，实现系统调度运行和控制系统得到极大简化，提高综合能耗利用率。
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses a clean energy storage system and an energy storage method. The energy storage system includes an air compressor, an air storage, a water storage device, a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the inlet of the air storage, and the water outlet of the water storage device is connected to The first water inlet of the hydrogen production device is connected, the air outlet of the hydrogen production device is connected with the air inlet of the hydrogen compressor, and the air outlet of the hydrogen compressor is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen storage. The energy storage method utilizes the energy storage system to combine compressed air energy storage with hydrogen production and hydrogen storage, and can be used in scenarios such as grid regulation and renewable energy consumption; the combustion products do not produce harmful exhaust gas and other pollutants ; Each process can be carried out individually or crosswise, which greatly simplifies the system scheduling operation and the control system, and improves the comprehensive energy consumption utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a clean energy storage system and an energy storage method.
Background
The storage of energy, in particular electrical energy, is of great importance for the optimization of the energy structure and the regulation of the operation of the power grid. The compressed air energy storage system is a new type energy storage and electric power storage technology. The working principle of the compressed air energy storage power generation system is similar to that of pumped storage, when the power consumption of a power system is in a low ebb, the system stores energy, and the compressor drives the air compressor to compress air by utilizing surplus electric quantity in the system, so that the energy is stored in the air storage device in a compressed air mode; when the power load of the power system reaches the peak and the generated energy is insufficient, the system releases energy, the compressed air in the air storage space is released by the air storage device and is mixed and combusted with natural gas in the combustion chamber, the generated high-temperature gas expands in the turboexpander to do work and drives the generator to generate electricity, and the conversion of electric energy-air potential energy-electric energy is completed. The combustion of natural gas is introduced in the compressed air energy storage process, so that certain waste gas emissions such as carbon emission and the like are generated.
In the novel compressed air energy storage system without afterburning, heat energy and potential energy generated by compression are respectively and independently stored in the compression process, and when energy is released for power generation, the stored high-pressure air is expanded for power generation. The compressed air energy storage process abandons the investment of fossil fuel, eliminates the problem of exhaust emission, uses the stored heat energy for heating, requires high coupling and supply and demand balance of the heat energy and potential energy, is difficult to realize under the condition of uncontrollable fluctuation of environmental working conditions, and is relatively complex in system scheduling.
The storage of electrical energy in the form of hydrogen storage is another new form of energy storage. At present, the common hydrogen production modes mainly comprise water electrolysis hydrogen production and photocatalytic hydrolysis hydrogen production, and water needs to be heated in the processes, so that the energy consumption of the system is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a clean energy storage system and an energy storage method, and aims to solve the technical problems of exhaust emission or complex system scheduling of a compressed air energy storage system and high comprehensive energy consumption in the hydrogen production and storage process.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a clean energy storage system, including: the hydrogen production device comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank, a water storage device, a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is connected with an inlet of the air storage tank, a water outlet of the water storage device is connected with a first water inlet of the hydrogen production device, an air outlet of the hydrogen production device is connected with an air inlet of the hydrogen compressor, and an air outlet of the hydrogen compressor is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen storage tank.
The system comprises a water storage device, a hydrogen production device and a first heat exchanger, wherein the system further comprises the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel is connected between an air outlet of the air compressor and an inlet of the air storage, and the second heat exchange channel is connected between a water outlet of the water storage device and a first water inlet of the hydrogen production device.
The hydrogen production device is characterized by further comprising a second heat exchanger, the hydrogen production device is further provided with a second water inlet, the second heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange channel and a fourth heat exchange channel, the third heat exchange channel is connected between the water outlet of the water storage device and the second water inlet of the hydrogen production device, and the fourth heat exchange channel is connected between the gas outlet of the hydrogen compressor and the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank.
The heat regenerator comprises a fifth heat exchange channel and a sixth heat exchange channel, the outlet of the air expander is connected with the inlet of the fifth heat exchange channel, and the sixth heat exchange channel is connected between the outlet of the air reservoir and the inlet of the mixed combustor.
The heat exchanger further comprises a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas-liquid mixture inlet and a liquid outlet, the gas-liquid mixture inlet is connected with the outlet of the fifth heat exchange channel, and the liquid outlet is connected with the water storage device.
Wherein the hydrogen production device is an electrolytic hydrogen production device or a catalytic hydrogen production device.
The air compressor is an air compressor set formed by connecting a plurality of air compressors in series or in parallel, and an air outlet of each air compressor is correspondingly connected with one first heat exchanger;
if a plurality of air compressors are connected in series, the air outlet of the air compressor of the previous stage is connected with the air inlet of the air compressor of the next stage through the corresponding first heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger;
if a plurality of air compressors are connected in parallel, the air outlets of the air compressors at all levels are connected in parallel to the inlet of the air reservoir through the first heat exchange channels of the corresponding first heat exchangers.
The hydrogen compressor is a plurality of hydrogen compressor units which are connected in series or in parallel, and the gas outlet of each hydrogen compressor is correspondingly connected with one second heat exchanger;
if a plurality of hydrogen compressors are connected in series, the gas outlet of the hydrogen compressor of the previous stage is connected with the gas inlet of the hydrogen compressor of the next stage through the corresponding fourth heat exchange channel of the second heat exchanger;
if a plurality of hydrogen compressors are connected in parallel, the gas outlets of the hydrogen compressors at all stages are connected in parallel to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the fourth heat exchange channels of the corresponding second heat exchangers.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an energy storage method for cleaning the energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
the air compressor compresses air and stores the compressed air in the air storage;
and water is conveyed from the water storage device to the hydrogen production device, hydrogen is produced by the hydrogen production device, and the hydrogen is compressed by the hydrogen compressor and then stored in the hydrogen storage tank.
Wherein, still include:
the air compressed by the air compressor exchanges heat with water entering the hydrogen production device from a first water inlet through a first heat exchanger;
the water entering the hydrogen production device from the second water inlet exchanges heat with the hydrogen compressed by the hydrogen compressor through the second heat exchanger;
the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and the air in the air storage tank are combusted in the mixed combustor, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the air expander to do work and expand to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the air entering the mixed combustor from the air storage tank through the heat regenerator, the exhaust gas releases heat and is condensed to form liquid drops, a gas-liquid mixture is generated, the gas-liquid mixture is separated through the gas-liquid separator, and the generated liquid is introduced into the water storage device to be stored.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the clean energy storage system and the energy storage method provided by the embodiment of the invention, compressed air energy storage and hydrogen production and storage are combined, and the system and the method can be used for power grid regulation, renewable energy consumption and other scenes. The embodiment of the invention adopts the mixed combustion of hydrogen and air, the released energy can be converted into work and power generation, and the combustion product has no harmful waste gas, and does not produce pollution in other forms such as heavy metal, electrochemistry and the like; the air compression process, the hydrogen compression process and the mixed combustion expansion process are not affected with each other and can be carried out independently or in a crossed manner, the energy balance of the system can be realized by adjusting the hydrogen yield and the hydrogen consumption, the scheduling operation and the control system of the system are greatly simplified, and the comprehensive energy consumption utilization rate is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a clean energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an air compressor; 2. a first heat exchanger; 3. an air reservoir; 4. a heat regenerator; 5. a hybrid combustor; 6. an air expander; 7. a gas-liquid separator; 8. a water storage device; 9. a hydrogen production unit; 10. a hydrogen compressor; 11. a second heat exchanger; 12. a hydrogen reservoir.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a clean energy storage system, which comprises an air compressor 1, an air storage 3, a water storage device 8, a hydrogen production device 9, a hydrogen compressor 10 and a hydrogen storage 12, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor 1 is connected with an inlet of the air storage 3, a water outlet of the water storage device 8 is connected with a first water inlet of the hydrogen production device 9, an air outlet of the hydrogen production device 9 is connected with an air inlet of the hydrogen compressor 10, and an air outlet of the hydrogen compressor 10 is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen storage 12.
Specifically, the air compressor 1 in this embodiment is used for receiving air in the environment, compressing the air and then introducing the compressed air into the air storage 3 for storage, the water storage device 8 stores water required by the hydrogen production device 9, the hydrogen production device 9 may adopt an electrolysis hydrogen production device 9 or a catalysis hydrogen production device 9, and the like, and hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 9 is compressed by the hydrogen compressor 10 from an air outlet at the top thereof and then introduced into the hydrogen storage 12 for storage. The air reservoir 3 and the hydrogen reservoir 12 respectively play a role of energy storage, when energy needs to be released, compressed air in the air reservoir 3 and compressed hydrogen in the hydrogen reservoir 12 are respectively introduced into the mixing combustor 5, are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion and then are combusted, and the energy is released.
Further, the water storage device 8 is provided with a water replenishing port, and when the water amount in the water storage device 8 is insufficient, the water replenishing port is opened to replenish water.
Furthermore, the air transportation, the hydrogen transportation and the water transportation in this embodiment can all adopt pipeline transportation forms, and corresponding valves, driving devices (such as pumps) and other execution devices can be arranged on the transportation pipelines of the equipment rooms according to requirements.
According to the clean energy storage system and the energy storage method provided by the embodiment of the invention, compressed air energy storage and hydrogen production and storage are combined, and the system and the method can be used for power grid regulation, renewable energy consumption and other scenes. The embodiment of the invention adopts the mixed combustion of hydrogen and air, the released energy can be converted into work and power generation, and the combustion product has no harmful waste gas, and does not produce pollution in other forms such as heavy metal, electrochemistry and the like; the air compression process, the hydrogen compression process and the mixed combustion expansion process are not affected with each other and can be carried out independently or in a crossed manner, the energy balance of the system can be realized by adjusting the hydrogen yield and the hydrogen consumption, the scheduling operation and the control system of the system are greatly simplified, and the comprehensive energy consumption utilization rate is improved.
Wherein, the clean energy storage system of this embodiment still includes first heat exchanger 2, and first heat exchanger 2 includes first heat transfer passageway and second heat transfer passageway, and first heat transfer passageway is connected between the gas outlet of air compressor 1 and the entry of air storage 3, and second heat transfer passageway is connected between the delivery port of water storage device 8 and the first water inlet of hydrogen plant 9. The air after compressing in this embodiment passes through first heat transfer passageway (also be the high temperature side of first heat exchanger 2), with the water through in the second heat transfer passageway (also be the low temperature side of first heat exchanger 2) carry out the heat transfer, the heat that utilizes compressed air to produce preheats the intensification to the water that is about to get into hydrogen plant 9 from first water inlet, realize gas-liquid heat exchange, in order to reach the requirement of hydrogen plant 9 to the temperature, reduce in the hydrogen plant link because the energy consumption that adds hot water consumption, the comprehensive utilization of system's energy has been realized, the comprehensive efficiency of system has been promoted. It can be understood that the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel in this embodiment perform a heat exchange function, so that the medium (i.e. compressed air) in the first heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the medium (i.e. water) in the second heat exchange channel. This embodiment can adopt countercurrent flow heat transfer or other heat transfer modes, and this application does not restrict the arrangement and the medium flow direction of first heat transfer passageway and second heat transfer passageway.
Wherein, the clean energy storage system of this embodiment still includes second heat exchanger 11, and hydrogen plant 9 still is equipped with the second water inlet, and second heat exchanger 11 includes third heat transfer passageway and fourth heat transfer passageway, and third heat transfer passageway is connected between the delivery port of water storage device 8 and the second water inlet of hydrogen plant 9, and fourth heat transfer passageway is connected between the gas outlet of hydrogen compressor 10 and the entry of hydrogen storehouse 12. The hydrogen after compression in this embodiment passes through the fourth heat transfer passageway (also be the high temperature side of second heat exchanger 11), with the water that passes through in the third heat transfer passageway (also be the low temperature side of first heat exchanger 2) carry out the heat transfer, the heat that utilizes compressed hydrogen to produce preheats the intensification to the water that is about to get into hydrogen plant 9 from the second water inlet, realize gas-liquid heat exchange, in order to reach the requirement of hydrogen plant 9 to the temperature, reduce the energy consumption because the hot water consumes in the hydrogen plant link, the comprehensive utilization of system's energy has been realized, the comprehensive efficiency of system has been promoted. It can be understood that the third heat exchange channel and the fourth heat exchange channel in this embodiment perform a heat exchange function, so that the medium (i.e. water) in the third heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the medium (i.e. compressed hydrogen) in the fourth heat exchange channel. The embodiment can adopt countercurrent heat exchange or other heat exchange modes, and the application does not limit the arrangement mode and the medium flow direction of the third heat exchange channel and the fourth heat exchange channel.
Based on the two embodiments, the heat generated by the compressed air and the heat generated by the compressed hydrogen are both utilized to preheat the water entering the hydrogen production device 9, and the electric energy consumed by the hydrogen production device 9 due to the need of heating the water is reduced.
Wherein, the clean energy storage system of this embodiment still includes air expander 6, regenerator 4 and hybrid combustor 5, the export of air storehouse 3 and the export of hydrogen storehouse 12 respectively with hybrid combustor 5's entry linkage, the entry of air expander 6 is connected with hybrid combustor 5's gas outlet, regenerator 4 includes fifth heat transfer passageway and sixth heat transfer passageway, the export of air expander 6 and the entry linkage of fifth heat transfer passageway, sixth heat transfer passageway is connected between the export of air storehouse 3 and hybrid combustor 5's entry. Further, the clean energy storage system of this embodiment still includes vapour and liquid separator 7, and vapour and liquid separator 7 is equipped with gas-liquid mixture entry, gas outlet and liquid outlet, and the exit linkage of gas-liquid mixture entry and fifth heat transfer passageway, liquid outlet and water storage device are connected. In the embodiment, the mixed combustor 5 uniformly mixes and combusts compressed air and compressed hydrogen, generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the air expander 6 to do work and expand to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas enters the air reservoir 3 of the fifth heat exchange pipeline (namely the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator 4) and enters the mixed combustor 5 through the sixth heat exchange pipeline (namely the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 4), the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the air, the exhaust gas releases residual heat and is condensed into liquid drops, the liquid drops enter the gas-liquid separator 7, the separated liquid enters the water storage device 8 through the liquid outlet to be stored, water generated after hydrogen combustion can be liquefied and separated and then is recycled for hydrogen production, the circulating water consumption of the system is greatly reduced, and the separated gas is discharged to the environment through the gas outlet.
The air compressor 1 is a plurality of air compressor sets connected in series or in parallel, and an air outlet of each air compressor 1 is correspondingly connected with a first heat exchanger 2. If a plurality of air compressors 1 are connected in series, the air outlet of the previous air compressor 1 is connected with the air inlet of the next air compressor 1 through the corresponding first heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger 2. Correspondingly, the second heat exchange channel of each first heat exchanger 2 is connected in series between the water outlet of the water storage device 8 and the first water inlet of the hydrogen production device 9. The air inlet of the first-stage air compressor 1 is communicated with the outside air, and the air outlet of the last-stage air compressor 1 is connected with the inlet of the air reservoir 3. If a plurality of air compressors 1 are connected in parallel, the air outlets of the air compressors 1 at different levels are connected in parallel to the inlet of the air reservoir 3 through the first heat exchange channels of the corresponding first heat exchangers 2. Correspondingly, the second heat exchange channel of each first heat exchanger 2 is connected in parallel between the water outlet of the water storage device 8 and the first water inlet of the hydrogen production device 9.
The hydrogen compressor 10 is a plurality of hydrogen compressor units connected in series or in parallel, and an air outlet of each hydrogen compressor 10 is correspondingly connected with a second heat exchanger 11. If a plurality of hydrogen compressors 10 are connected in series, the gas outlet of the previous hydrogen compressor 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the next hydrogen compressor 10 through the corresponding fourth heat exchange channel of the second heat exchanger 11. If a plurality of hydrogen compressors 10 are connected in parallel, the gas outlets of the hydrogen compressors 10 at each stage are connected in parallel to the inlet of the hydrogen reservoir 12 through the fourth heat exchange channels of the corresponding second heat exchangers 11. The arrangement of the hydrogen compressor 10 and the second heat exchanger 11 in this embodiment is similar to the arrangement of the air compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2, and will not be described again.
Based on the two embodiments, the air compressor set and the hydrogen compressor set are connected in series or in parallel in multiple stages, correspondingly, the first heat exchanger 2 is connected behind the hydrogen compressor 10 of each stage, and the second heat exchanger 11 is connected behind the hydrogen compressor 10 of each stage, so that the heat generated after the multiple-stage compression can be preheated in multiple stages with the water to enter the hydrogen production device 9, and the generated heat is fully utilized for the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production device 9.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an energy storage method for cleaning the energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
the air compressor 1 compresses air and stores the compressed air in an air storage 3;
water is conveyed into the hydrogen production device 9 from the water storage device 8, hydrogen is produced by the hydrogen production device 9 and is compressed by the hydrogen compressor 10 and then stored in the hydrogen storage 12.
The energy storage method of the embodiment further includes:
the air compressed by the air compressor 1 exchanges heat with water entering the hydrogen production device 9 from a first water inlet through the first heat exchanger 2;
the water entering the hydrogen production device 9 from the second water inlet exchanges heat with the hydrogen compressed by the hydrogen compressor 10 through the second heat exchanger 11;
the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 12 and the air in the air storage tank 3 are combusted in the mixing combustor 5, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the air expander 6 to do work and expand to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the air entering the mixing combustor 5 from the air storage tank 3 through the heat regenerator 4, the exhaust gas releases heat and is condensed to form liquid drops, a gas-liquid mixture is generated, the gas-liquid mixture is separated through the gas-liquid separator 7, and the generated liquid is introduced into the water storage device 8 to be stored.
Specifically, the present embodiment includes three independently executable processes, an air compression process and a hydrogen compression process for storing energy and a hybrid combustion expansion process for releasing energy.
In the air compression process: the air compressor 1 is directly driven by external shaft work or driven by electric energy, directly inhales air from ambient air or inhales air through an air filtering device and then compresses the air, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure air is discharged, cooled and then enters the air storage 3 to be stored after passing through a first heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger 2, and meanwhile, low-temperature water in the water storage device 8 is driven by a pump to absorb heat and be heated through a second heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger 2 and enters the hydrogen production device 9 from a first water inlet; in the process, the exhaust of the air compressor 1 and the inlet of the hydrogen production device 9 exchange heat in the first heat exchanger 2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air releases heat and then enters the air storage 3 for the mixed combustion process, and the low-temperature water absorbs heat and then enters the hydrogen production device 9 for water decomposition and hydrogen production.
In the hydrogen compression process: the process includes a hydrogen production process. The hydrogen production device 9 receives the hot water after heat exchange and starts to hydrolyze to produce hydrogen; the hydrolysis hydrogen production device 9 can be a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 9 which adopts electric energy of a power grid or renewable energy source to drive hydrogen production, and can also be a catalytic hydrogen production device 9 which adopts solar energy or other modes to drive hydrogen production; after being purified, the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production device 9 is sucked by a hydrogen compressor 10 and compressed to high temperature and high pressure, and the hydrogen enters a hydrogen storage 12 for storage after being released and cooled by a fourth heat exchange channel of a second heat exchanger 11; the hydrogen compressor 10 can be driven by the electric energy consumed by the motor, and can also be directly driven by external shaft work; meanwhile, the low-temperature water in the water storage device 8 is driven by the pump to absorb heat and raise temperature through a third heat exchange channel of the second heat exchanger 11, and then enters the hydrogen production device 9 from a second water inlet; in the process, the exhaust gas of the hydrogen compressor 10 exchanges heat with the inlet water of the hydrogen production device 9 in the second heat exchanger 11, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas releases heat and then enters the hydrogen storage 12 for the mixed combustion process, and the low-temperature water absorbs heat and then enters the hydrogen production device 9 for hydrogen production by hydrolysis.
In the process of mixed combustion and expansion, the air reservoir 3 and the hydrogen reservoir 12 release gas at a certain flow ratio simultaneously, the gas enters the mixed combustor 5, the gas is ignited and combusted after being fully and uniformly mixed to form high-temperature and high-pressure clean flue gas, and the flue gas enters the air expander 6 to do work and expand and drive the generator to output electric energy or directly output shaft work to the outside; exhaust gas exhausted after work expansion of the flue gas firstly enters an exhaust incoming flow heat exchange and cooling in a sixth heat exchange channel connected with an air storage 3 and a fifth heat exchange channel of a heat regenerator 4, most of moisture is condensed after the exhaust gas passes through the heat regenerator 4 by reasonably setting the expansion ratio of an air expander 6 and the heat exchange temperature of the heat regenerator 4, and then the exhaust gas enters a gas-liquid separator 7 and enters a gas-liquid separator; as the compressed air in the air compression process and the hydrogen produced in the hydrogen production process are basically free of impurities, and the flue gas generated by mixed combustion and the generated exhaust gas are also basically free of impurities, the liquid water obtained by gas-liquid separation can enter the water storage device 8 for recycling after simple treatment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A clean energy storage system, comprising: the hydrogen production system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank, a water storage device, a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein an air outlet of the air compressor is connected with an inlet of the air storage tank, a water outlet of the water storage device is connected with a first water inlet of the hydrogen production device, an air outlet of the hydrogen production device is connected with an air inlet of the hydrogen compressor, and an air outlet of the hydrogen compressor is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen storage tank;
the first heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel is connected between an air outlet of the air compressor and an inlet of the air storage, and the second heat exchange channel is connected between a water outlet of the water storage device and a first water inlet of the hydrogen production device;
the hydrogen production device is characterized by further comprising a second heat exchanger, the hydrogen production device is also provided with a second water inlet, the second heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange channel and a fourth heat exchange channel, the third heat exchange channel is connected between the water outlet of the water storage device and the second water inlet of the hydrogen production device, and the fourth heat exchange channel is connected between the gas outlet of the hydrogen compressor and the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank;
the heat regenerator comprises a fifth heat exchange channel and a sixth heat exchange channel, the outlet of the air expander is connected with the inlet of the fifth heat exchange channel, and the sixth heat exchange channel is connected between the outlet of the air reservoir and the inlet of the mixed combustor.
2. The clean energy storage system of claim 1, further comprising a gas-liquid separator provided with a gas-liquid mixture inlet and a liquid outlet, the gas-liquid mixture inlet being connected to the outlet of the fifth heat exchange channel, and the liquid outlet being connected to the water storage device.
3. The clean energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen plant is an electrolytic hydrogen plant or a catalytic hydrogen plant.
4. The clean energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the air compressor is a plurality of air compressor units connected in series or in parallel, and the air outlet of each air compressor is correspondingly connected with one first heat exchanger;
if a plurality of air compressors are connected in series, the air outlet of the air compressor of the previous stage is connected with the air inlet of the air compressor of the next stage through the corresponding first heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger;
if a plurality of air compressors are connected in parallel, the air outlets of the air compressors at all levels are connected in parallel to the inlet of the air reservoir through the first heat exchange channels of the corresponding first heat exchangers.
5. The clean energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen compressor is a plurality of hydrogen compressor units connected in series or in parallel, and one second heat exchanger is correspondingly connected to the gas outlet of each hydrogen compressor;
if a plurality of hydrogen compressors are connected in series, the gas outlet of the hydrogen compressor of the previous stage is connected with the gas inlet of the hydrogen compressor of the next stage through the corresponding fourth heat exchange channel of the second heat exchanger;
if a plurality of hydrogen compressors are connected in parallel, the gas outlets of the hydrogen compressors at all stages are connected in parallel to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the fourth heat exchange channels of the corresponding second heat exchangers.
6. An energy storage method using a clean energy storage system according to any of claims 1-5, comprising:
the air compressor compresses air and stores the compressed air in the air storage;
and water is conveyed from the water storage device to the hydrogen production device, hydrogen is produced by the hydrogen production device, and the hydrogen is compressed by the hydrogen compressor and then stored in the hydrogen storage tank.
7. The energy storage method of claim 6, further comprising:
the air compressed by the air compressor exchanges heat with water entering the hydrogen production device from a first water inlet through a first heat exchanger;
the water entering the hydrogen production device from the second water inlet exchanges heat with the hydrogen compressed by the hydrogen compressor through the second heat exchanger;
the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and the air in the air storage tank are combusted in the mixed combustor, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas enters the air expander to do work and expand to form exhaust gas, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the air entering the mixed combustor from the air storage tank through the heat regenerator, the exhaust gas releases heat and is condensed to form liquid drops, a gas-liquid mixture is generated, the gas-liquid mixture is separated through the gas-liquid separator, and the generated liquid is introduced into the water storage device to be stored.
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| CN114009395A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 青海大学 | A compressed air energy storage system coupled with solar heat collection and hydrogen production |
| CN114157040A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Combustion type double-well hydraulic compressed air energy storage system and operation method thereof |
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