CN111380052B - Burner, boiler, and method for assembling burner - Google Patents
Burner, boiler, and method for assembling burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN111380052B CN111380052B CN201911321574.8A CN201911321574A CN111380052B CN 111380052 B CN111380052 B CN 111380052B CN 201911321574 A CN201911321574 A CN 201911321574A CN 111380052 B CN111380052 B CN 111380052B
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- furnace
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- end surface
- burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
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Abstract
A burner, a boiler and a method of assembling a burner. The combustor is provided with: a fuel nozzle (18) that ejects fuel gas, in which fuel and air are mixed, into the furnace chamber; a combustion air nozzle for blowing air into the furnace from the periphery of the fuel nozzle; a flame stabilizer (3) which is disposed in the fuel nozzle and which is wider as it goes toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle; and a rectifying unit (4) disposed on an extension line on the upstream side in the fuel gas flow direction with respect to the flame holder, the flame holder including: a base material; an inclined portion (8) which is provided on the base material, has an inclined surface formed so as to protrude from a position on the upstream side of the furnace-side end surface of the base material toward the furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material; and a cover part (9) which is connected with the inclined part and covers the end surface of the hearth side of the base material, wherein the inclined part and the cover part are made of ceramics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a burner, a boiler and a burner assembling method.
Background
Large boilers such as coal-fired boilers have a hollow furnace provided in a vertical direction, and a plurality of burners are arranged in a circumferential direction on a wall of the furnace. Further, the coal-fired boiler has a flue connected to a vertically upper portion of the furnace, and a heat exchanger for generating steam is disposed in the flue. The burner injects a mixture of fuel and air (oxidant gas) into the furnace to form a flame, thereby generating a combustion gas and flowing the combustion gas into the flue. A heat exchanger is provided in a region where the combustion gas flows, and water or steam flowing through a heat transfer pipe constituting the heat exchanger is heated to generate superheated steam.
In the burner, in order to achieve low NOx combustion, a separator is provided at the furnace side or the inner side of the burner to form internal flame stabilization. By forming the internal flame stabilization, an ignition surface is formed in front of the separator where the fuel gas (the mixture of the pulverized coal and the primary air) is jetted toward the furnace.
The separators are provided in plurality so as to divide the fuel gas passage of the burner into a plurality of parts, and the flame stabilizer having the inclined surface is formed on the furnace side so that the fuel gas passage becomes narrower toward the front end. The fuel gas branched from the inclined surface is swirled at a vertical end surface position of the inclined surface on the furnace side, thereby forming internal flame stabilization.
The separator is formed to an appropriate size using cast stainless steel or the like as a base material, and a ceramic sheet is attached to a surface that contacts the fuel gas so as to prevent abrasion due to the fine coal in the fuel gas and maintain the size of the cast stainless steel. The ceramic plate is fixed to the base material by a pin. Further, since the oxidation and thinning of the pin is easily caused by the influence of the high-temperature atmosphere and the atmospheric gas on the furnace side end surface of the flame stabilizer, the ceramic sheet is not attached and the base material is exposed to the inside of the furnace.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-145974
When the boiler is in a normal operation, the temperature of the base material made of stainless steel can be maintained within the corrosion-resistant temperature range by cooling the separator with the fuel gas flowing through the burner. Thus, the oxidation corrosion is suppressed.
On the other hand, when the boiler is operated at a high load, maintenance may be performed in the grinding mill on the fuel gas supply side. In this case, a part of the burners extinguish the fire and the circulation of the fuel gas is stopped. When the boiler is operated at a low load, the boiler load is adjusted by extinguishing any of the burners in the plurality of stages.
In these fire extinguishing burners, the flow of the fuel gas is stopped, and therefore the temperature is likely to rise by the radiant heat from the furnace. The cooling air may be flowed to prevent the temperature rise, but the cooling air is supplied to the fuel burner at a flow rate smaller than the fuel gas flow rate during the normal operation, because the purpose of the cooling air is to suppress the generation of NOx. Therefore, the base material of the separator may not be sufficiently cooled to cause oxidation corrosion, which may cause a decrease in the strength of the base material. Further, the pin for fixing the ceramic sheet attached to the base material may be heated by the heat from the furnace and the base material, thereby causing oxidation corrosion and the ceramic sheet may be detached.
In order to prevent the temperature increase of the base material of the separator, there is a method of disposing the separator in the combustor so as to be away from the inner space of the furnace, but a sufficient cooling effect cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a burner, a boiler, and a burner assembling method that can suppress the temperature rise of the base material of the separator and suppress the occurrence of oxidation corrosion.
In order to solve the above problems, the following aspects are adopted in the burner, the boiler, and the method of assembling the burner of the present invention.
That is, the burner of the present invention includes: a fuel nozzle that ejects fuel gas in which fuel and oxidant gas are mixed into a furnace chamber; a combustion air nozzle for blowing an oxidizing gas into the furnace from around the fuel nozzle; a flame holder which is disposed in the fuel nozzle and which has a wider width in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the fuel gas as it goes toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle; and a rectifying portion disposed on an extension line on an upstream side in a flow direction of the fuel gas with respect to the flame holder, the flame holder including: a base material; an inclined portion that is provided on the base material, has an inclined surface that is formed from a position on an upstream side of a furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material; and a cover portion connected to the inclined portion and covering a hearth-side end surface of the base material, wherein the inclined portion and the cover portion are made of ceramic.
According to this configuration, since the flame stabilizer disposed in the fuel nozzle is wider toward the furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, the fuel gas passage is narrower toward the furnace-side end surface, and the internal flame is stabilized at a position upstream of the fuel gas from the furnace-side end surface in the fuel nozzle. The flame stabilizer includes a base material, an inclined portion made of ceramic, and a cover portion.
The inclined portion has an inclined surface formed from a position on the upstream side of the furnace-side end surface of the base material toward the furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material. This forms a flame stabilizer having a wider width toward the furnace end surface of the fuel nozzle, and the fuel gas passage becomes narrower toward the furnace end surface.
Further, since the furnace side end of the inclined portion is disposed closer to the furnace side end surface side of the fuel nozzle than the furnace side end surface of the base material, the connection portion between the base material and the inclined portion and the base material is distant from the furnace side, and the temperature is lower than the furnace side end of the inclined portion. Therefore, the temperature rise of the base material can be suppressed, and the oxidation corrosion is less likely to occur. The inclined portion is provided on the furnace side and exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere, but since it is made of ceramic, there is no fear of metal corrosion due to a high temperature.
The ceramic cover portion is provided to cover the hearth-side end surface of the base material so that the base material is not exposed to the hearth side when the inclined portion is fixed to the base material. As a result, the temperature of the base material can be prevented from rising, and the occurrence of oxidation corrosion can be prevented.
In the above invention, the inclined portion and the cover portion may be integrally formed to form a surface member.
According to this configuration, the number of components can be reduced, and the cover portion can be easily supported.
In the above invention, the inclined portion may be provided on the base material so as to protrude in two directions with the base material interposed therebetween.
According to this configuration, when the fuel gas passage is formed on both sides of the separator, internal flame stabilization can be generated on both sides in both directions with the flame stabilizer and the rectifying portion interposed therebetween.
In the above invention, the inclined portion protruding in one direction and the inclined portion protruding in the other direction may be formed separately from each other among the inclined portions in the two directions.
According to this configuration, thermal stress caused by the temperature rise of the inclined portion and the base material binding each other can be reduced, damage to the flame stabilizer can be prevented, and durability can be improved. Further, even if any one of the inclined portions is damaged by some cause, the inclined portion can be easily replaced with respect to the base material.
In the above invention, the inclined portion and the cover portion may be integrally formed to form a surface member, and the surface member may be provided such that a gap is formed between opposing ends of the cover portions of the two surface members.
According to this configuration, even when the thermal elongations of the cover portion and the base material are different from each other due to the temperature rise, the local stress generated by the abutting force applied to the cover portion can be prevented, and the breakage of the cover portion can be prevented.
In the above invention, the inclined portion may be fixed to the base material by a metal fixing member.
According to this configuration, the metal fixture fixes the inclined portion to the base material. Since the base material, the fixture connecting the base material and the inclined portion are separated from the furnace side and become an atmosphere having a relatively lower temperature than the furnace side tip of the inclined portion, even if the fixture is made of metal, the oxidation corrosion of the fixture can be suppressed.
In the above invention, the surface member may be formed by being divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the fuel gas.
According to this configuration, even when a difference occurs in the amounts of thermal elongation between the surface material and the base material in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas due to an increase in the temperature of the surface material and the base material, the thermal stress is dispersed, and the surface material can be prevented from being damaged, thereby improving the durability. Further, even if any one of the surface components is damaged by some cause, it is assumed that the damaged surface component can be easily replaced.
The boiler of the present invention comprises: the hearth is hollow and is arranged along the vertical direction; the burner of any one of claims 1 to 5, configured to the furnace; and a flue which is disposed in an upper portion of the furnace in a vertical direction and through which a combustion gas generated by combustion of the fuel gas by the burner passes.
In the method of assembling a burner according to the present invention, the burner includes: a fuel nozzle that ejects fuel gas in which fuel and oxidant gas are mixed into a furnace chamber; a combustion air nozzle for blowing an oxidizing gas into the furnace from around the fuel nozzle; a flame holder which is disposed in the fuel nozzle and which has a width in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the fuel gas as it goes toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle; and a rectifying portion disposed on an extension line on an upstream side in a flow direction of the fuel gas with respect to the flame holder, the flame holder including: a base material; an inclined portion that is provided on the base material, has an inclined surface that is formed from a position on an upstream side of a furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material; and a cover portion connected to the inclined portion and covering a hearth-side end surface of the base material, the inclined portion and the cover portion being made of ceramic, wherein the method of assembling the burner includes the steps of: the inclined portion is fixed to the base material, and the inclined portion is formed to protrude from a furnace-side end surface of the base material, and is formed to extend from a position upstream of the furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, the temperature rise of the base material of the separator can be suppressed, and the occurrence of oxidation corrosion can be suppressed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a coal-fired boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view showing a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a separator of a combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
a separator;
a support plate;
a flame holder;
a rectifying portion;
a parent material;
a surface component;
a fixture;
an inclined portion;
a base;
a front end;
a cover portion;
a gap;
a coal fired boiler;
a hearth;
a combustion apparatus;
a flue;
a fuel nozzle;
an air nozzle for combustion;
21. 22, 23, 24, 25.. the burner;
26. 27, 28, 29, 30. a pulverized coal supply pipe;
31. 32, 33, 34, 35. a pulverizer;
a windbox;
an air duct;
a blower;
41. 42, 43.. superheater;
44. 45.. a reheater;
46. a coal economizer;
a gas conduit;
an air heater;
a denitration catalyst;
a coal dust treatment device;
inducing a blower;
53.. a chimney;
a fairing plate.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and when there are a plurality of embodiments, the present invention also includes a configuration in which the respective embodiments are combined.
The boiler of the present embodiment is a coal-fired (pulverized coal-fired) boiler as follows: pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal is used as a fine powder fuel (carbon-containing solid fuel), and the fine powder coal is combusted by a burner, and heat generated by the combustion is recovered and heat-exchanged with water supply and steam, whereby superheated steam can be generated. In the following description, the upper and upper sides denote the upper side in the vertical direction, and the lower and lower sides denote the lower side in the vertical direction.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a coal-fired boiler 10 includes a furnace 11, a combustion device 12, and a flue 13. The furnace 11 is a hollow square tube and is provided along the vertical direction. The furnace wall (heat transfer pipe) constituting the furnace 11 is composed of a plurality of evaporation pipes and fins connecting the plurality of evaporation pipes, and suppresses temperature rise of the furnace wall by heat exchange with the feed water and the steam.
The combustion device 12 is provided on the lower side of the furnace wall constituting the furnace 11. In the present embodiment, the combustion apparatus 12 has a plurality of burners (e.g., 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) attached to the furnace wall. For example, the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction with a set of burners arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. However, the shape of the furnace, the number of burners in one stage, and the number of stages are not limited to those in the embodiment.
The burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are connected to pulverizers (grinders) 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 via pulverized coal supply pipes 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30. Although not shown, the grinders 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 are configured such that, for example, a rotary table is supported in a housing so as to be able to rotate, and a plurality of rollers are supported above the rotary table so as to be able to rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the rotary table. When coal is put between the plurality of rollers and the rotating table, the coal can be pulverized to a predetermined size of fine coal, and the fine coal which is conveyed and classified by a classifier (not shown) is supplied to the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 from the fine coal supply pipes 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 by a conveyance gas (primary air, oxidizing gas).
Further, in the furnace 11, a wind box 36 is provided at the mounting position of each of the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, and one end of an air duct 37 is connected to the wind box 36. A blower 38 is provided at the other end of the air duct 37.
The flue 13 is connected to the upper portion of the furnace 11 in the vertical direction. In the flue 13, superheaters 41, 42, 43, reheaters 44, 45, and coal economizers 46, 47 are provided as heat exchangers for recovering heat of the combustion gas, and heat exchange is performed between the combustion gas generated by combustion in the furnace 11 and the feed water and steam flowing through the heat exchangers.
A gas duct 48 for discharging the heat-exchanged combustion gas is connected to the downstream side of the flue 13. The gas duct 48 is provided with an air heater (air preheater) 49 between the air duct 37 and the air duct 37, and the combustion air (oxidizing gas) supplied to the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 can be heated by exchanging heat between the air flowing through the air duct 37 and the combustion gas flowing through the gas duct 48.
Further, a denitration catalyst 50 is provided in the flue duct 13 at a position upstream of the air heater 49. The denitration catalyst 50 supplies a reducing agent having an action of reducing nitrogen oxides such as ammonia and urea water into the flue 13, and accelerates a reaction between the nitrogen oxides and the reducing agent in the combustion gas to which the reducing agent is supplied, thereby removing and reducing the nitrogen oxides in the combustion gas. The gas duct 48 connected to the flue 13 is provided with a coal dust treatment device (electrostatic precipitator, desulfurizer) 51, an induced draft fan 52, and the like at a position downstream of the air heater 49, and is provided with a chimney 53 at a downstream end.
On the other hand, when the pulverizers 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 are driven, the produced fine coal is supplied to the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 through the fine coal supply pipes 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 together with a carrier gas (oxidizing gas). The heated combustion air is supplied from the air duct 37 to the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 through the wind box 36. Then, the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 can form a flame by ignition when a fine powder fuel mixture gas obtained by mixing fine powder coal and a carrier gas (primary air) is blown into the furnace 11 and combustion air is blown into the furnace 11. A flame is generated in a lower portion of the furnace 11, and the combustion gas rises in the furnace 11 and is discharged to the flue 13.
Thereafter, the combustion gas is heat-exchanged in the superheaters 41, 42, and 43, reheaters 44 and 45, and coal economizers 46 and 47 disposed in the flue 13, and thereafter, nitrogen oxides are reduced and removed by the denitration catalyst 50, particulate matter is removed by the coal dust treatment device 51, sulfur components are removed, and the combustion gas is discharged to the atmosphere from the stack 53.
Next, the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 2 to 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the combustors 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 include the fuel nozzle 18, the combustion air nozzle 19, and the like. In the present embodiment, the upper and lower sides of the drawing are illustrated for convenience, and do not necessarily indicate the vertical upper and lower sides, but the upper side of the drawing may be oriented in the horizontal direction in an actual usage mode of the burner.
The fuel nozzle 18 has a substantially rectangular cross section in front view. The fuel nozzle 18 injects a fuel gas in which fuel and primary air (oxidizing gas) are mixed into the furnace 11. The combustion air nozzle 19 is provided around the fuel nozzle 18 and blows combustion air (secondary air or oxidizing gas) into the furnace 11. The combustion air is mixed with the fuel gas discharged from the fuel nozzle 18 to promote combustion. As the oxidizing gas, air is used in the present embodiment. The gas may be a gas having a higher oxygen ratio than air, or conversely a gas having a lower oxygen ratio than air, and may be used by optimizing the fuel flow rate.
In the fuel nozzle 18, the separator 1 is provided such that the tip end surface is long in one direction when the fuel nozzle 18 is viewed from the front. As shown in fig. 3, the separator 1 is a plate-shaped member whose plate surface is arranged along the fuel gas flow direction. As shown in fig. 2, the separator 1 extends in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas in a range from one surface 18a side of the inner wall surface of the fuel nozzle 18 to the other surface 18b facing the one surface 18 a. Hereinafter, a direction perpendicular to the rectifying portion 4, that is, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the separator 1 at the furnace-side front end surface of the separator 1 and a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas will be referred to as a longitudinal direction of the separator 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of separators 1 are disposed in the fuel nozzle 18 in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the separators 1. The separators 1 are provided separately from each other, and a fuel gas passage is formed between the separators 1. Further, a rectifying plate 54 is provided between the separators 1 in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the separators 1. The rectifying plate 54 is made of metal such as cast stainless steel, for example, and ceramic sheets are attached to the entire surface or a portion with much wear on the surface in order to prevent wear due to fine coal or the like contained in the fuel gas.
The separator 1 is provided with a support plate 2 at a longitudinal end. The support plate 2 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the fuel nozzle 18, whereby the separator 1 is supported by the fuel nozzle 18.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the separator 1 includes: a flame holder 3 that widens in width toward the furnace-side end surface 18A of the fuel nozzle 18; and a rectifying portion 4 disposed on an extension line on an upstream side in the fuel gas flow direction with respect to the flame stabilizer 3.
The flame holder 3 has a substantially triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, and has a shape in which the cross-sectional width gradually increases toward the downstream side in the fuel gas flow direction. Here, the width of the flame holder 3 is a length in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the separator 1 when the separator 1 is viewed from the front.
The rectifying portion 4 is provided on the upstream side of the flame holder 3 in the fuel gas flow, and extends from the flame holder 3 toward the upstream side. As shown in fig. 4, the rectifying portion 4 is formed by bonding a plurality of ceramic sheets 15 to the entire exposed surface or a portion which is worn to a large extent, in order to prevent abrasion of the base material 5. The ceramic sheets 15 are fixed to the base material 5 by a fixing member 16 such as a pin by stud welding or the like.
In the present embodiment, the flame stabilizer 3 includes a base material 5 made of metal (for example, stainless steel, cast steel, etc.), a surface member 6 made of ceramic (for example, alumina) provided on the base material 5, and a fixing member 7 made of metal (for example, stainless alloy) for fixing the surface member 6 to the base material 5. Since the portion of the flame holder 3 that contacts the fuel gas is made of ceramic, it has abrasion resistance against fine coal and the like contained in the fuel gas.
The fixing member 7 is, for example, a pin having a rod-shaped portion, and one end side thereof is in contact with the base material 5 and fixed to the base material 5 by welding. The rod-like portion of the fixing member 7 is provided through the surface member 6. The fixture 7 has a disk-shaped plate member, for example, provided on the other end side, and fixes the surface element 6 to the base material 5 by sandwiching the surface element 6 between the plate member and the base material 5. The fixing member 7 is provided one by one with respect to one surface member 6, for example. The fixture 7 and the base material 5 are welded by, for example, a stud welding method.
The upstream end of the base material 5 is connected to a ceramic sheet 15 forming the rectifying portion 4. The base material 5 has a cross-sectional shape on the downstream side of a substantially triangular or trapezoidal shape, and has a shape in which the width gradually increases toward the downstream side in the fuel gas flow direction. The cross-sectional shape of the base material 5 on the downstream side may not be triangular or trapezoidal. When the cross-sectional shape of the base material 5 is triangular or trapezoidal and has an inclined surface, the inclined portion 8 is provided in parallel along the inclined surface of the base material 5. On the other hand, when the cross-sectional shape of the base material 5 has another shape such as a quadrangle, the inclined portion 8 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the base material 5.
The surface member 6 has an inclined portion 8 and a hood portion 9. The inclined portion 8 and the hood 9 are formed integrally, for example. When the inclined portion 8 and the cover portion 9 are formed integrally, the number of components can be reduced, and the inclined portion 8 supports the cover portion 9, so that the structure is simplified. Further, since the cover portion 9 does not need to use the anchor 7 as a pin having a rod-like portion, there is no fear that the anchor 7 is oxidized and thinned in the cover portion 9 having a high temperature. The surface material 6 is produced by firing a ceramic material in the same manner as the ceramic sheet 15 provided in the rectifying portion 4, the rectifying plate 54, and the like. The ceramic material of the surface member 6 of the flame stabilizer 3 is more preferably a material that can withstand a temperature equal to or higher than that of the ceramic sheet 15 provided in the rectifying portion 4, the rectifying plate 54, or the like, and has a strength equal to or higher than that of the ceramic sheet. For example, when the surface material 6 is alumina, the purity of the alumina of the surface material 6 is more preferably higher than that of the ceramic sheet 15 provided in the rectifying portion 4, the rectifying plate 54, and the like. Thus, the surface material 6 is disposed on the furnace 11 side and exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere, but is less likely to be worn or damaged.
The surface member 6 is divided into a plurality of members along the longitudinal direction of the separator 1. The divided surface members 6 are arranged in line along the longitudinal direction of the separator 1. By configuring the surface member 6 to have a split structure, even when a difference occurs in the thermal elongation amounts in the longitudinal direction due to the temperature rise of the surface member 6 and the base material 5, the thermal stress caused by the temperature rise can be dispersed, and the separator 1 can be prevented from being damaged, thereby improving the durability. Further, even if any one of the surface elements 6 is damaged by some cause, it is assumed that the damaged surface element 6 can be easily replaced. The surface member 6 has a dimension of, for example, 100mm to 300mm in the flow direction of the fuel gas and a length in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas (the length in the longitudinal direction of the separator 1) of 20mm to 50 mm.
The inclined portion 8 is a flat plate-shaped member having a plate thickness of about 10mm to 20mm, for example, and has an inclined surface inclined with respect to the plate surface of the flow-straightening portion 4 when the surface element 6 is fixed to the base material 5. As shown in fig. 4, the base 8A on one end side of the inclined portion 8 is provided on the base material 5 by the fixture 7, and the furnace-side tip 8B on the other end side has an inclined surface formed toward the furnace-side end surface 18A of the fuel nozzle 18 and is formed to protrude from the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5. In the middle of the inclined portion 8, a cover portion 9 is provided so as to branch from the inclined portion 8 and is positioned on the furnace side of the furnace side end surface 5A of the base material 5. Since the furnace-side tip 8B of the inclined portion 8 is disposed closer to the furnace-side end surface 18A of the fuel nozzle 18 than the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5, the connection portion between the base material 5 and the inclined portion 8 and the base material 5 is located farther from the furnace 11, and the temperature is relatively low.
The inclined portion 8 is provided on the downstream side of the base material 5 so that the inclined surface is inclined with respect to the flow direction of the fuel gas. Thereby, the flame stabilizer 3 having a width that becomes wider toward the furnace side end surface 18A of the fuel nozzle 18 is formed, and the fuel gas passage becomes narrower toward the furnace side end surface 18A. The fuel gas swirls at the furnace-side front end 8B of the inclined portion 8, and the internal flame is stabilized. The inclined portion 8 of the surface material 6 is provided on the furnace 11 side and exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere, but since it is made of ceramic, there is no fear of oxidation corrosion due to high temperature.
The base portion 8A of the inclined portion 8 disposed on the upstream side is fixed to the base material 5 by the fixing member 7. Since the inclined portion 8 is fixed to the base material 5 only on the upstream side of the inclined portion 8, the length of the base material 5 in the fuel gas flow direction can be shortened, and it is not necessary to provide the base material 5 on the furnace side end surface 18A side of the fuel nozzle 18.
The base 8A of the inclined portion 8 and the base material 5 are far from the furnace 11 side, and the temperature is relatively low compared to the furnace side tip 8B of the inclined portion 8. Therefore, oxidation corrosion of the base material 5 and the fixture 7 can be suppressed, and the durability of the separator 1 can be improved. For example, even when any of the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 is extinguished and the flow of the internal fuel gas is stopped, or even when the cooling air flows through the burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 at a flow rate smaller than the flow rate of the fuel gas during ignition of the burners, the temperature rise of the base material 5 and the fixture 7 can be suppressed to a high temperature, and the occurrence of oxidation corrosion can be suppressed.
The cover 9 is, for example, a plate-shaped member, and is provided along the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5 so as to cover the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5. The cover 9 is integrally connected to the inclined portion 8. The cover 9 made of ceramic is provided so that the base material 5 made of metal does not expose to the furnace 11 side when the surface element 6 is fixed to the base material 5. As a result, temperature rise of the base material 5 and the fixture 7 can be suppressed, and generation of oxidation corrosion can be suppressed. It is preferable that the cover 9 and the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5 are disposed so as to form a gap.
The connecting portion between inclined portion 8 and cover portion 9 is provided at a position close to base material 5. Therefore, compared to the case where the connecting portion is provided near the furnace-side front end 8B of the furnace 11, the temperature rise at the connecting portion between the inclined portion 8 and the cover portion 9 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of breakage of the bent shape of the connecting portion between the inclined portion 8 and the cover portion 9 can be suppressed.
The inclined portions 8 may be provided on both side surfaces of one base material 5 so as to protrude in two directions with the base material 5 interposed therebetween. Thus, when the fuel gas passage is formed on both sides of the separator 1, the inner flame stabilization can be generated on both sides in both directions by sandwiching the rectifying portion 4 of the separator 1.
As shown in fig. 4, when the inclined portion 8 protrudes in two directions with the base material 5 interposed therebetween, the surface member 6 having the inclined portion 8 protruding in one direction and the surface member 6 having the inclined portion 8 protruding in the other direction are formed separately from each other. The two surface members 6 are provided so as to sandwich the base material 5 from both sides. Thus, if any one of the surface elements 6 is damaged by some cause, the surface element 6 can be easily replaced with respect to the base material 5. In the surface member 6, the portions where the ends of the two cover portions 9 oppose each other are provided so as to form a gap 9a before the temperature rises. Thus, even when the thermal elongations of the cover portion 9 and the base material 5 are different from each other due to the temperature rise, the local stress generated by the mutual abutting force can be suppressed. It is preferable that the gap 9a is not excessively wide due to the influence of radiant heat from the furnace 11 side so that a significant temperature increase does not occur in the base material 5.
The surface member 6 divided into two is formed in bilateral symmetry with respect to a center line along the longitudinal direction of the separator 1. By forming the divided surface members 6 in the same shape, the number of types of members to be manufactured can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to suppress variations due to thermal expansion at the time of temperature rise, for example, deformation in which one of the divided surface elements 6 is thermally expanded more than the other divided surface element 6.
According to the above configuration, the furnace-side end 8B of the inclined portion 8 and the cover portion 9 have a substantially コ shape in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the separator 1, and a portion between the furnace-side end 8B of the inclined portion 8 and the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5 has a concave shape, so that the weight can be reduced as compared with a case where a solid thick structure filled with a ceramic material is provided between the furnace-side end 8B of the inclined portion 8 and the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5.
The surface member 6 is formed by being divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel gas and the flow straightening portion 4 (the longitudinal direction of the separator 1). Thus, even when the mutual thermal elongations in the direction perpendicular to the fuel gas flow direction differ due to the temperature increase of the surface element 6 and the base material 5, the thermal stress is dispersed, and the surface element 6 can be prevented from being damaged, thereby improving the durability. If any one of the surface elements 6 is damaged by some cause, the damaged surface element 6 can be easily replaced.
As shown in fig. 3, the front end of the surface material 6, that is, the furnace-side front end 8B of the inclined portion 8 is preferably disposed at a position on the upstream side of the fuel gas flow from the furnace-side end surface 18A of the fuel nozzle 18 in the fuel nozzle 18. This makes it possible to keep base material 5 away from the inside of furnace 11, and further suppress the temperature rise of base material 5 and fixture 7.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the flame holder 3 includes the base material 5 made of metal and the surface material 6 made of ceramic (for example, alumina) provided on the base material 5, and has wear resistance because a portion in contact with the fuel gas is made of ceramic. Since the surface member 6 has the inclined portion 8 and the cover portion 9, and the furnace-side end 8B side of the inclined portion 8 is disposed closer to the furnace-side end surface 18A side of the fuel nozzle 18 than the furnace-side end surface 5A of the base material 5, the connection portion between the base material 5 and the inclined portion 8 and the base material 5 is located farther from the furnace 11 side, and the temperature is lower than the furnace-side end 8B of the inclined portion 8. Therefore, the oxidation corrosion of the base material 5 can be suppressed. The inclined portion 8 is provided on the furnace 11 side and exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere, but since it is made of ceramic, there is no fear of oxidation corrosion due to high temperature.
The ceramic cover 9 is provided to cover the hearth-side end surface 5A of the base material 5 so that the metal base material 5 is not exposed to the hearth 11 side when the surface element 6 is fixed to the base material 5. As a result, the temperature rise of the base material 5 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of oxidation corrosion can be suppressed. Further, the metal fixture 7 fixes the inclined portion 8 to the base material 5. Since the base material 5 and the fixture 7 connecting the base material 5 and the inclined portion 8 are far from the furnace 11 side and have a relatively low temperature compared to the furnace side tip 8B of the inclined portion 8, even if the fixture 7 is made of metal, oxidation corrosion of the fixture 7 can be suppressed.
In the above-described embodiment, the boiler of the present invention is used as a coal-fired boiler, but a boiler using biomass, petroleum coke, petroleum residue, or the like may be used as the solid fuel. The fuel is not limited to solid fuel, and may be used in oil boilers such as heavy oil, and further, gas (by-product gas) may be used as the fuel. Further, it is also applicable to mixed incineration of these fuels.
The present invention can be applied to a flame stabilizer disposed in a fuel nozzle, and the configuration in the fuel nozzle 18, that is, the position, size, and number of the separator 1 and the rectifying plate 54 are not limited to the above-described examples.
Claims (9)
1. A burner, wherein the burner is provided with a burner body,
the combustor is provided with:
a fuel nozzle that ejects fuel gas in which fuel and oxidant gas are mixed into a furnace chamber;
a combustion air nozzle for blowing an oxidizing gas into the furnace from around the fuel nozzle;
a flame holder which is disposed in the fuel nozzle and which has a wider width in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the fuel gas as it goes toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle; and
a rectifying portion disposed on an extension line on an upstream side in a flow direction of the fuel gas with respect to the flame stabilizer,
the flame holder has:
a base material;
an inclined portion that is provided on the base material, has an inclined surface that is formed from a position on an upstream side of a furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material; and
a cover portion connected to the inclined portion and covering a furnace-side end surface of the base material,
the inclined part and the cover part are made of ceramics,
the flow straightening portion is connected to an end of the base material on an upstream side in a flow direction of the fuel gas.
2. The burner of claim 1,
the inclined portion and the cover portion are integrally configured to form a surface member.
3. The burner of claim 1,
the inclined portion is provided on the base material so as to protrude in two directions while sandwiching the base material.
4. The burner of claim 3,
the inclined portion protruding in one direction and the inclined portion protruding in the other direction are formed separately from each other.
5. The burner of claim 4,
the inclined portion and the cover portion are integrally configured to form a surface member,
the surface elements are arranged such that a gap is formed between the cover portions of the two surface elements at their opposite ends.
6. The burner of claim 1,
the inclined portion is fixed to the base material by a metal fixing member.
7. The burner according to claim 2 or 5,
the surface member is formed by being divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the fuel gas.
8. A boiler, wherein the boiler is provided with a boiler,
the boiler is provided with:
a furnace chamber which is hollow and is arranged along the vertical direction;
the burner of any one of claims 1 to 7, configured to the furnace; and
and a flue which is disposed in an upper portion of the furnace in a vertical direction and through which a combustion gas generated by combustion of the fuel gas by the burner passes.
9. A method for assembling a burner, which comprises the steps of,
the combustor is provided with:
a fuel nozzle that ejects fuel gas in which fuel and oxidant gas are mixed into a furnace chamber;
a combustion air nozzle for blowing an oxidizing gas into the furnace from around the fuel nozzle;
a flame holder which is disposed in the fuel nozzle and which has a wider width in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the fuel gas as it goes toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle; and
a rectifying portion disposed on an extension line on an upstream side in a flow direction of the fuel gas with respect to the flame holder,
the flame holder has:
a base material;
an inclined portion that is provided on the base material, has an inclined surface that is formed from a position on an upstream side of a furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle, and is formed so as to protrude from the furnace-side end surface of the base material; and
a cover portion connected to the inclined portion and covering a furnace-side end surface of the base material,
the inclined part and the cover part are made of ceramics,
the flow straightening portion is connected to an upstream end of the base material in a flow direction of the fuel gas,
wherein,
the assembling method of the burner comprises the following steps:
the inclined portion is fixed to the base material, and the inclined portion is formed to protrude from a furnace-side end surface of the base material, and is formed to extend from a position upstream of the furnace-side end surface of the base material toward a furnace-side end surface of the fuel nozzle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-243041 | 2018-12-26 | ||
| JP2018243041A JP7086831B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | How to assemble a combustion burner, boiler and combustion burner |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111380052A CN111380052A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN111380052B true CN111380052B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911321574.8A Active CN111380052B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-19 | Burner, boiler, and method for assembling burner |
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| JP (1) | JP7086831B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111380052B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7240870B2 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-03-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Combustion burner housing device and dummy port closing method |
| CN114963168B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-11-29 | 杭州富丽达热电有限公司 | Clean coal high-efficient burner |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7086831B2 (en) | 2022-06-20 |
| JP2020106170A (en) | 2020-07-09 |
| CN111380052A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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Address after: Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Applicant after: Mitsubishi Power Co., Ltd Address before: Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Applicant before: MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS, Ltd. |
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