CN111371146A - Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage - Google Patents
Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111371146A CN111371146A CN202010275829.8A CN202010275829A CN111371146A CN 111371146 A CN111371146 A CN 111371146A CN 202010275829 A CN202010275829 A CN 202010275829A CN 111371146 A CN111371146 A CN 111371146A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charging control circuit for preventing a pin of a power supply from being short-circuited at high voltage, which comprises a chip internal circuit module, a high-voltage charging module, an anti-reverse-irrigation module electrically connected with the high-voltage charging module, and a system power supply electrically connected with the anti-reverse-irrigation module, the charging control circuit also comprises a first charging switch module and a second charging switch module which divide the large current provided by the high-voltage charging module into a supplementary charging current IC1 and a pre-charging current IC2, and the normal charging voltage threshold is set to Vstart, so that the invention realizes that the high-voltage charging module does not reversely charge the system power supply, meanwhile, when VCC is less than or equal to Vstart, the precharge current with smaller current value is kept for charging, and when VCC is more than Vstart, the normal charging is started, when normally charging, if the VCC pin takes place when unusual, can effectually prevent that the chip from damaging, effectively solved the problem that system power supply pin is unusual and brought when guaranteeing the charging performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of charging adapter equipment, and particularly relates to a reverse connection protection circuit for a high-voltage boosting charger battery.
Background
With the compatibility of 500V700V high-voltage JFET and common analog integrated circuits, the high-voltage starting part can be integrated into a chip. As shown in fig. 1, the dashed line frame is the inside of the IC chip, and the high voltage part is integrated. The HV JFET is a 700V extra-high voltage JFET. D1 is a backflow prevention diode. The voltage of the VHV pin is half-wave voltage obtained after AC 220V is rectified by a bridge (bridge), and the AC amplitude of the voltage is 0-400V. The charging of the VCC pin is accomplished by VHV through the HV JFET and D1. The VCC pin may provide power to external circuitry as well as power to the chip interior.
The structure is more and more popular, the charger, the adapter system and the high-voltage starting part of the common ACDC are integrated in a chip, so that a peripheral starting resistor is omitted, the structure is economical and reliable, and the system cost is reduced. But in practice, it also causes a problem. IC die bonding or other reasons may cause VCC to short to GND. If the current high-voltage structure is adopted, the voltage of the source point VS of the JFET is determined by the pinch-off voltage of the JFET, and the conversation is 15V-45V. When VCC is shorted to GND, the current from VS to VCC via D1 will not be controlled. Maintaining this condition for a long time can cause the IC to be hot, and in severe cases, can cause the controller chip to be burnt. In the high-voltage starting structure, how to solve the problem of VCC short circuit becomes a difficult problem and also becomes an engineering problem that research and development personnel must solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charging control circuit for preventing a power supply pin from being short-circuited at high voltage, which not only realizes that the system power supply is charged at high voltage without reverse charge, but also ensures the charging performance, and simultaneously keeps small current to precharge the system power supply when the power supply pin of the system is short-circuited, thereby effectively preventing a chip from being damaged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a charging control circuit for preventing a pin of a power supply from being short-circuited at a high voltage comprises a chip internal circuit module, a high-voltage charging module, an anti-reverse-irrigation module electrically connected with the high-voltage charging module, and a system power supply electrically connected with the anti-reverse-irrigation module, and further comprises a first charging switch module and a second charging switch module which divide a large current provided by the high-voltage charging module into a supplementary charging current IC1 and a pre-charging current IC2, wherein a normal charging voltage threshold is set to Vstart, when the voltage VCC of the system power supply is less than or equal to Vstart, the first charging switch module is switched off, the second charging switch module is switched on, the pre-charging current IC2 pre-charges the system power supply, when the VCC is greater than Vstart, the charging switch and the second charging switch module are simultaneously switched on to form the supplementary charging current and the pre-charging current Ichar, IC2=1/30 Icharge-1/5 Icharge.
Preferably, the high-voltage charging module comprises a high-voltage power supply and a high-voltage JFET connected to the high-voltage power supply.
Preferably, the reverse irrigation prevention module comprises a first NMOS tube and a second NMOS tube which are connected back to back at high voltage, a source electrode of the first NMOS tube is electrically connected with the high-voltage charging module, and a source electrode of the second NMOS tube is electrically connected with the first charging switch module and the second charging switch module.
Preferably, the second charging switch module is a third resistor connected between the anti-reverse-irrigation module and the system power supply, the first charging switch module comprises a second resistor electrically connected with the anti-reverse-irrigation module, and the source electrode is electrically connected with the second resistor and the drain electrode is electrically connected with the first PMOS tube electrically connected with the system power supply.
Further, the charging control circuit further comprises a current switching control module for controlling switching between the pre-charging current and the normal charging current.
Furthermore, the current switching control module comprises a first resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a third NMOS tube, the first resistor is connected between a node where the reverse-flow prevention module and the second resistor are connected and a drain of the first PMOS tube, when the third NMOS tube has no pull-down current, the first PMOS tube is kept closed, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are connected in series to form a voltage division circuit, the fourth resistor is respectively electrically connected with the chip internal circuit module and the fifth resistor, the fifth resistor is grounded, a gate of the third NMOS tube is connected between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, a source is grounded, and a drain is connected with a gate of the first PMOS tube.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-voltage charging module is used for charging the system power supply without reverse filling, and meanwhile, when VCC is less than or equal to Vstart, the low-current pre-charging current is kept for charging, and when VCC is greater than Vstart, the normal charging is started, so that the chip can be effectively prevented from being damaged, and the problem caused by abnormal pins of the system power supply is effectively solved while the charging performance is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional charging control circuit for preventing a power supply pin from short-circuiting at high voltage;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the charging curve for VCC in one or two embodiments;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit in the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings to which:
example one
As shown in fig. 2, the charging control circuit for preventing the short circuit of the power pin at high voltage includes a chip internal circuit module, a high-voltage charging module, an anti-reverse-charging module electrically connected to the high-voltage charging module, a system power supply electrically connected to the anti-reverse-charging module, and a first charging switch module and a second charging switch module for dividing the large current provided by the high-voltage charging module into a supplementary charging current IC1 and a pre-charging current IC 2.
Setting a normal charging voltage threshold value as Vstart, when the voltage VCC of a system power supply is less than or equal to Vstart, the first charging switch module is switched off, the second charging switch module is switched on, the pre-charging current IC2 is used for pre-charging the system power supply, when the VCC is greater than Vstart, the charging switch and the second charging switch module are simultaneously switched on, the supplementary charging current and the pre-charging current are superposed to form normal charging current Icharge, and IC2=1/30 Icharge-1/5 Icharge.
The high-voltage charging module comprises a high-voltage power supply VHV and a high-voltage JFET connected to the high-voltage power supply VHV. The high-voltage charging module is a main charging device, the current MOS technology is a 500V-700V high-voltage device, and the pinch-off voltage is generally 15V-45V. The pinch-off voltage is selected according to the requirements of the system VCC. JFETs with pinch-off voltage of 22V are typically selected if VCC requires up to 19V. The withstand voltage of the JFET Drain is selected according to different device types required by the ACDC system, and is usually 80V-700V. The Gate of the JFET is at default to ground. The GATE may also be tied to a level higher than GND for increasing the operating range of VCC. Since the GATE of the JFET is connected to GND, in this charging circuit, the JFET is in a normally-ON state (Always ON).
The reverse irrigation prevention module comprises a first NMOS tube NMOS1 and a second NMOS tube NMOS2 which are connected back to back in a high-voltage mode, the source electrode of the first NMOS tube NMOS1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage charging module, and the NMOS1 and the NMOS2 form a charging switch and a reverse irrigation prevention diode. NMOS1 and NMOS2 are high voltage Back-To-Back (Back-To-Back) structures. NMOS1 and NMOS2 are connected together and controlled by a switching signal. When the NMOS1 and the NMOS2 are connected in series as the switch GATE of the entire charging circuit is high, the NMOS1 and the NMOS2 are turned ON (Turn ON), and VHV starts charging VCC. When GATE is low, NMOS1 and NMOS2 Turn OFF simultaneously (Turn OFF), and VHV stops charging VCC. The ON/OFF states of the GATE signals for NMOS1 and NMOS2 are generated according to system requirements.
The source electrode of the second NMOS transistor NMOS2 is electrically connected with the first charging switch module and the second charging switch module. The second charging switch module is a third resistor R3 connected between the reverse irrigation prevention module and the system power supply, the first charging switch module comprises a second resistor R2 electrically connected with the reverse irrigation prevention module, and a first PMOS tube PMOS1 is formed in the source electrode of the first charging switch module, is electrically connected with the second resistor R2 and is electrically connected with the system power supply. The second resistor R2 and the first PMOS tube PMOS1 form a first charging switch module, and R3 is a normally closed second charging switch module, so that the VCC charging current is controlled in stages. As shown in fig. 2, when VCC is less than Vstart, the charging current to VCC is controlled by R3, referred to as precharge current IC 2. The selection of R3 determines the magnitude of precharge current IC 2. When VCC is greater than Vstart, the charging current to VCC is controlled by the series connection of R2 and PMOS1, referred to as normal charging current Icharge. The selection of R2 determines the size of Icharge. The current output is from the point of view of chip protection, and the pre-charge current is usually selected to be 1/10-1/20 of the normal charge current. Such as: IC2=1/20 Icharge, when Icharge =10mA, IC2=0.5 mA. The pre-charge current maximum is selected to be considered in conjunction with package and chip heat dissipation. The maximum value of the charging current is also considered according to the system requirements and the size of the JFET area. The values of these two currents determine the charging speed of VCC. If the VCC pin is shorted to ground, i.e., VCC is less than Vstart, the charging current to VCC remains at the precharge current IC2, since this IC2 has very little control, the chip will not heat up or burn out.
The charging control circuit further comprises a current switching control module for controlling the switching of the pre-charging current and the normal charging current. The current switching control module comprises a first resistor R1, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5 and a third NMOS tube NMOS3, wherein the first resistor R1 is connected between a node where the anti-backflow module is connected with the second resistor R2 and a drain of the first PMOS tube PMOS1, the first PMOS tube PMOS1 is kept when the third NMOS tube NMOS3 does not have pull-down current, the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected in series to form a voltage division Circuit, the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected with the chip Internal Circuit module Interal Circuit and the fifth resistor R5 respectively, the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, a gate of the third NMOS tube NMOS3 is connected between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, a source is grounded, and a drain is connected with the gate of the first PMOS tube PMOS 1.
The current switching control module generates a voltage reference for controlling the switching of IC2 and Icharge, and R1 acts to keep PMOS1 OFF (Turn OFF) when NMOS3 has no pull-down current. R4 and R5 constitute a voltage divider circuit, and the threshold voltage of NMOS3 is VTH3 when: VCC (R5/(R4 + R5)) > VTH3, NMOS3 is turned ON (Turn ON), PMOS1 is turned ON (Turn ON), and IC1 charging path is opened. In this circuit, Vstart = VTH3 × (R4+ R5)/R5; the precharge current of VCC is: IC 2; the normal charging current of VCC is: icharge = IC2+ IC 1.
As shown in fig. 3, when VCC is less than or equal to Vstart, the low current pre-charge is maintained, and when VCC is greater than Vstart, the normal charge is started, and when the VCC pin is short-circuited, the charging circuit always maintains the low current pre-charge, so that the chip damage can be effectively prevented.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the first charging switch module, the second charging switch module and the current switching control module are voltage-controlled resistors VCR, the voltage-controlled resistors regulate resistance values according to VCC voltage, when VCC is greater than Vstart, the resistance values of the VCR are low, the current is normal charging current Ichar, when VCC is less than or equal to Vstart, the VCR is increased, the charging current at the moment is IC2, and IC2=1/30 Ichar-1/5 Ichar.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a charge control circuit for preventing power pin short circuit of high pressure, its includes chip internal circuit module, high-pressure charging module, with the module electricity is connected to the high-pressure charging module prevent irritating the module, with prevent the system power supply that the module electricity is connected, its characterized in that: the charging control circuit further comprises a first charging switch module and a second charging switch module which divide large current provided by the high-voltage charging module into supplementary charging current IC1 and pre-charging current IC2, a normal charging voltage threshold is set to be Vstart, when the voltage VCC of a system power supply is less than or equal to the Vstart, the first charging switch module is switched off, the second charging switch module is switched on, the pre-charging current IC2 is used for pre-charging the system power supply, when the VCC is greater than the Vstart, the charging switch and the second charging switch module are simultaneously switched on, the supplementary charging current and the pre-charging current are superposed to form normal charging current Icharge, and IC2=1/30 Icharge-1/5 Icharge.
2. The charge control circuit for high voltage protection against power pin shorts of claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage charging module comprises a high-voltage power supply and a high-voltage JFET connected to the high-voltage power supply.
3. The charge control circuit for high voltage protection against power pin shorts of claim 1, wherein: the reverse irrigation prevention module comprises a first NMOS tube and a second NMOS tube which are connected back to back in a high-voltage mode, the source electrode of the first NMOS tube is electrically connected with the high-voltage charging module, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube is electrically connected with the first charging switch module and the second charging switch module.
4. The charge control circuit for high voltage protection against power pin shorts of claim 1, wherein: the second charging switch module is a third resistor connected between the reverse irrigation prevention module and a system power supply, the first charging switch module comprises a second resistor electrically connected with the reverse irrigation prevention module, and a source electrode is electrically connected with the second resistor and a drain electrode is electrically connected with a first PMOS (P-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube electrically connected with the system power supply.
5. The charge control circuit for high voltage protection against power pin shorts of claim 4, wherein: the charging control circuit further comprises a current switching control module for controlling the switching of the pre-charging current and the normal charging current.
6. The charge control circuit for high voltage protection against power pin shorts of claim 5, wherein: the current switching control module comprises a first resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a third NMOS tube, the first resistor is connected between a node connected with the reverse-flow prevention module and the second resistor and a drain electrode of the first PMOS tube, the first PMOS tube is kept closed when the third NMOS tube does not have pull-down current, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are connected in series to form a voltage division circuit, the fourth resistor is respectively electrically connected with the chip internal circuit module and the fifth resistor, the fifth resistor is grounded, a grid electrode of the third NMOS tube is connected between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, a source electrode of the third NMOS tube is grounded, and a drain electrode of the third NMOS tube is connected with a grid electrode of the first PMOS tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010275829.8A CN111371146A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010275829.8A CN111371146A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage |
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| CN111371146A true CN111371146A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010275829.8A Pending CN111371146A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104065119A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-24 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Battery power supply circuit and method |
| CN105246207A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 上海晶丰明源半导体有限公司 | Starting circuit of chip, LED driver, LED drive circuit, and starting method of chip |
| CN108718193A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-10-30 | 清华大学 | A kind of Drive Protecting Circuit and its control method of power semiconductor |
| CN211579656U (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-09-25 | 芯鹿科技(苏州)有限公司 | Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage |
-
2020
- 2020-04-09 CN CN202010275829.8A patent/CN111371146A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104065119A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-24 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Battery power supply circuit and method |
| CN105246207A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 上海晶丰明源半导体有限公司 | Starting circuit of chip, LED driver, LED drive circuit, and starting method of chip |
| CN108718193A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-10-30 | 清华大学 | A kind of Drive Protecting Circuit and its control method of power semiconductor |
| CN211579656U (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-09-25 | 芯鹿科技(苏州)有限公司 | Charging control circuit for preventing short circuit of power supply pin at high voltage |
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