CN111370739B - Method for preparing fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell by transfer polymerization. heating to 120-135 ℃ for heat preservation treatment, further adding potassium carbonate, difluorobenzophenone, sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and xylene, warming up to 145-150 ℃ and reacting for 1-2 hours to obtain a slurry; The slurry, carbon powder and polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are uniformly dispersed, and ultrasonically sprayed on a glass plate to obtain a pre-coated catalytic layer film; the obtained pre-coated catalytic layer film is transferred to the proton exchange membrane, and the carbon fiber paper is pasted. and heating at one end of the carbon fiber paper to 180-185° C., and further polymerizing to firmly fix the catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane to obtain a fuel cell membrane electrode. The invention solves the defect that the direct spraying of catalyst slurry in the existing fuel cell membrane electrode affects the dispersion and transmission of gas in the catalyst layer and is hindered.

Description

A method for preparing fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a method for preparing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell by transfer polymerization.

Background technique

A hydrogen fuel cell is an energy conversion device that can directly convert chemical energy stored in fuel (hydrogen) and oxidant (oxygen in the air) into electrical energy. Its basic working principle is the reverse process of electrolysis of water. The hydrogen fuel cell system consists of a stack and auxiliary subsystems. The stack includes bipolar plates, electrolytes, catalysts, and gas diffusion layers. The catalyst, proton membrane material, and diffusion layer together form a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is the fuel The core of the battery; the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), also known as the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, is an emerging, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly battery for energy conversion applications in transportation, stationary, and mobile applications. It is widely used in the field of power supply. The membrane electrode consists of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) and electrodes. PEM plays the role of transferring protons and separating fuel gas and oxidant, and is a highly selective polymer membrane. The electrode is usually divided into two layers, namely a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer (GDL). The working process of fuel cells is actually the reverse process of electrolysis of water. Scientists who realize the reverse reaction of electrolysis of water and generate electric current. For a century and a half, fuel cells have received little attention except for special fields such as aerospace. Only in the past ten years, with the strengthening of awareness of environmental protection, energy conservation, and protection of limited natural resources, fuel cells have begun to receive attention and development.

The membrane electrode is the core component of the fuel cell, and it is the part where the fuel and the oxidant react electrochemically to generate electricity. Hydrogen and oxygen react inside the fuel cell to generate electricity, which is a chemical reaction on both sides of the membrane electrode. Therefore, the membrane electrode is the core component of the fuel cell, and its performance directly affects the use of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

For example, the Chinese patent with the application number CN201510216444.3 discloses a method for preparing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell and a special device thereof. The method includes: pre-treatment of the Nafion-115 membrane; preparation of the anode diffusion layer; Preparation; preparation of catalyst coating membrane and post-treatment process. The special device refers to a heatable vacuum adsorption screen printing table that combines heating, vacuum adsorption and screen printing. The preparation method is simple, easy to operate, and low in cost. The prepared fuel cell membrane electrode has superior performance. Without the subsequent treatment of the membrane electrode, its performance is also 0.488V at a voltage of 100mA/cm2, and the peak power density exceeds 80mW/cm2 . At the same time, this kind of process for producing fuel cell membrane electrodes is simple, the slurry utilization rate is high, low pollution, low dust, low energy consumption, large production volume per unit time, superior performance, etc., determine that it is very suitable for fuel cell membrane electrodes. mass production.

Although the above-mentioned patent solves the problems encountered in the production process of the membrane electrode, the performance of the obtained membrane electrode product is not high, and the performance of the catalyst in the catalytic layer of the membrane electrode directly determines the working performance and working life of the fuel cell. It is necessary to ensure that the catalyst and the proton exchange membrane are in close contact and disperse to improve the catalytic reaction, and also to ensure good gas channels, proton channels and electron channels. In the prior art, the catalyst is prepared into a slurry and sprayed directly on the proton exchange membrane. Although the utilization rate of platinum is improved, the transport of hydrogen, oxygen and protons in the catalytic layer is affected.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing fuel cell membrane electrodes by transfer polymerization, so as to solve the defect that direct spraying of catalyst slurry in existing fuel cell membrane electrodes affects gas dispersion and transmission in the catalytic layer and is hindered.

The specific technical scheme involved in the present invention is as follows:

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, the method steps are as follows:

S1: Disperse 50-55 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 45-60 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 5-10 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 3-5 parts by weight of catalyst, and protect in an inert atmosphere Heat to 120-135℃ for 1-3h;

S2: add 10-15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 8-10 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 10-20 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, 10-20 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140 ℃ to react for 1-2h to obtain a slurry;

S3: uniformly disperse the obtained slurry with 30-40 parts by weight of carbon powder and 20-30 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on a glass plate by ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film;

S4: transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to the proton exchange membrane, then paste the carbon fiber paper, heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 180-185 ° C, and further polymerize to firmly fix the catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane, A fuel cell membrane electrode is obtained.

It can be seen from the above research that the prior art prepares the catalyst into a slurry and sprays it directly on the proton exchange membrane. Although the utilization rate of platinum is improved, the transmission of hydrogen, oxygen and protons in the catalytic layer is affected. Problem, the present invention proposes a method to avoid directly preparing the catalyst into slurry and spraying on the proton exchange membrane, but to transfer the catalyst membrane to the proton exchange membrane by means of transfer printing, so as not to change the interior of the proton exchange membrane The structure is also to change the internal structure of the catalyst, so that the overall channel inside the catalyst is not affected by the transmission of hydrogen, oxygen and protons in the catalytic layer.

In order to realize the transfer of the catalyst, the method proposed in the present invention is to disperse the main particles of the catalyst in a solvent in a nanometer shape, and then use the solvent as a transfer film to transfer the catalyst, thereby attaching the catalyst to the transfer film.

The specific operation method is to disperse the perfluorosulfonic acid resin in dimethyl sulfoxide, then add bisphenol monomer and catalyst under the protection of an inert atmosphere and heat to 120-135 ° C for heat preservation treatment, wherein the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, Dimethyl sulfoxide is used as the base liquid of the transfer film liquid, and then a catalyst is added. The catalyst particles are evenly distributed in the base liquid under the action of bisphenol monomer, and then potassium carbonate, difluorobenzophenone and sulfonated difluorobenzene are further added. Ketone and xylene, heated to 145-150 ℃ and reacted for 1-2 hours to increase the viscosity of the base liquid, so that it can be drawn into silk, and finally form a film. In order to improve its ductility and dispersion performance, further use The carbon powder and PTFE fiber are dispersed, so that the base liquid adheres to the surface of the carbon powder and PTFE fiber, that is, the carbon powder and PTFE fiber are equivalent to the inner lining skeleton of the transfer film, catalyst particles and other additives It is uniformly dispersed on the surface of carbon powder and PTFE fiber to improve the plasticity of the transfer film, and then ultrasonically sprayed on the glass plate to obtain a pre-coated catalytic layer film, which is dispersed in the sulfonated polyetheretherketone prepolymer. Catalyst and PTFE fiber prefabricated catalyst membrane.

Then, the obtained pre-coating catalytic layer is transferred to the proton exchange membrane, and the carbon fiber paper is pasted, and heated to 180-185 ° C at one end of the carbon fiber paper, and the catalytic layer is further fixed to the proton exchange membrane by further polymerization. Afterwards, the catalyst is further adhered to the proton exchange membrane by heating and polymerization, which greatly simplifies the process, makes the quality of the catalytic layer stable, and is easy to produce on a large scale. It is easy to transport gas and remove water, improve catalytic activity, effectively construct three-phase interface, and improve Pt utilization rate and proton electron conduction rate. In order to make the high temperature of further polymerization not affect the proton exchange membrane, the heating time needs to be reasonably controlled between 5-8s.

Preferably, the bisphenol monomer is 9,9'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (bisphenol fluorene), 9,9'-bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) ) fluorene, 9,9′-bis(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, phenolphthalein or 3,3′-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) One of phenolphthalein.

Preferably, the catalyst is a Pt/C catalyst particle with a particle size of 5-10 nm. The use of nano-sized catalyst particles can make the catalyst particles evenly distributed in the formed pre-coating catalyst layer film, which is beneficial to improve the hydrogen , oxygen and proton transport paths in the catalytic layer are not affected.

Preferably, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or argon atmosphere.

Preferably, the monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone or 4,4'-difluorotribenzophenone.

Preferably, the monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone.

Ultrasonic spraying is also known as ultrasonic atomizing spraying. Ultrasonic atomizing spraying is different from traditional atomization that relies on pressure and high-speed motion to pulverize liquids into small particles. Ultrasonic atomization uses high-frequency ultrasonic vibration energy to atomize liquids. The liquid can be transferred to the spray head by its own gravity or low pressure pump and realize continuous or intermittent spray; because the ultrasonic spray head only needs a small amount of air in the kilopascal level, there is almost no splash during the spraying process, so the paint utilization rate is as high as 94%. And has outstanding acoustic properties, high tensile strength and excellent corrosion resistance.

It has the following advantages: 1. Ultrasonic atomization spraying is a high-performance industrial-grade precision spraying technology, which is used for high-uniformity sub-micron and nano-scale thin film coating, and is widely used in fuel cells, solar cells, glass coating, electronic circuits. and other industries. The spray pattern is easy to form and suitable for precise coating application; 2. Any shape object can be sprayed with uniform micron-thick coating; 3. Ultrasonic atomization spraying can reduce downtime in key manufacturing processes; 4. Ultrasonic atomization Low flow capacity, can work intermittently or continuously; 5. Highly controllable spray volume, more reliable spraying quality; 6. Low energy consumption, high atomization efficiency, and less restriction on atomized liquid; 7. Can reduce the reaction Waste and air pollution caused by spraying, cost saving; 8. No pressure, no noise, no wear and tear of moving parts, no blockage; 9. The atomizing nozzle is made of titanium material, which has strong height and corrosion resistance.

Preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying in step S3 of the present invention is 10-100W, the temperature is 20-60°C, the spraying amount is 0.1-5L/h, and the spraying time is 10-30min.

Preferably, the thickness of the pre-coating catalyst layer in step S3 is 50-200 nm.

Preferably, the proton exchange membrane is a perfluorosulfonic acid type proton exchange membrane, including one of Nafion 117, Nafion 115, Nafion 112, Nafion 1135 or Nafion 105.

Preferably, the carbon fiber paper has a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm and a porosity of 70-80%. The air permeability of the carbon fiber paper determines the density of the transmission paths of hydrogen, oxygen and protons in the catalytic layer to a certain extent. On the premise of ensuring the strength of carbon fiber paper, its air permeability should be guaranteed as much as possible.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding features and excellent effects in that: the present invention pre-fabricates a catalyst film by dispersing catalyst and polytetrafluoroethylene fiber in the sulfonated polyetheretherketone prepolymer, and after transfer, further The catalyst is firmly attached to the proton exchange membrane by means of heating-up polymerization, which greatly simplifies the process, stabilizes the quality of the catalytic layer, and facilitates large-scale production. The dredging of gas and the removal of water improve the catalytic activity. Effectively construct three-phase interface, improve Pt utilization rate and proton electron conduction rate.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: A simplified diagram of the process flow of the present invention: wherein: 1- slurry preparation; 2- ultrasonic sprayed glass plate; 2-1- glass plate; 3- transfer pre-coating catalytic layer; 3-1- pre-coating catalytic layer 3-2-proton exchange membrane; 4-pasted carbon paper; 4-1-carbon paper; 5-heated carbon paper; 6-membrane electrode.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but it should not be understood that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Without departing from the above-mentioned method idea of the present invention, various substitutions or changes made according to common technical knowledge in the art and conventional means should all be included within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, comprising:

S1: Disperse 53 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 48 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 8 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 4 parts by weight of catalyst, and heat to 130 under the protection of inert atmosphere nitrogen or argon ℃ heat preservation treatment for 2h; the bisphenol monomer is 9,9'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (bisphenol fluorene), 9,9'; the catalyst is Pt/ C catalyst particles;

S2: add 13 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 9 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 15 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and 15 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140 °C for 1 h to obtain a slurry ; The monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone; The monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone;

S3: disperse the obtained slurry uniformly with 35 parts by weight of carbon powder and 25 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on the glass plate by means of ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film with a thickness of 100 nm; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying is 50W, the temperature is 40°C, the spraying amount is 3L/h, and the spraying time is 20min;

S4: Transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane, then paste carbon fiber paper with a thickness of 0.25 mm and a porosity of 75%, and heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 183 °C for 6s. Further polymerization fixes the catalytic layer firmly on the proton exchange membrane to obtain a fuel cell membrane electrode.

Example 2

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, comprising:

S1: Disperse 55 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 60 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 10 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 5 parts by weight of catalyst, and heat to 135 parts by weight under the protection of nitrogen or argon in an inert atmosphere ℃ heat preservation treatment for 1h; the bisphenol monomer is 9,9′-bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene; the catalyst is a Pt/C catalyst with a particle size of 5-10nm particle;

S2: add 15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 8 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 10 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and 20 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140° C. for 2 hours to obtain a slurry ; The monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone; The monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone;

S3: disperse the obtained slurry uniformly with 40 parts by weight of carbon powder and 30 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on a glass plate by ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film with a thickness of 150 nm; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying is 100W, the temperature is 30°C, the spraying amount is 0.5L/h, and the spraying time is 30min;

S4: Transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to Nafion 112 proton exchange membrane, and then paste carbon fiber paper with a thickness of 0.25mm and a porosity of 80%, and heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 185 ℃ for 8s. Further polymerization fixes the catalytic layer firmly on the proton exchange membrane to obtain a fuel cell membrane electrode.

Example 3

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, comprising:

S1: Disperse 50 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 45 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 5 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 3 parts by weight of catalyst, and heat to 125 parts by weight under the protection of nitrogen or argon in an inert atmosphere ℃ heat preservation treatment for 2h; the bisphenol monomer is 3,3′-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)phenolphthalein; the catalyst is a Pt/C catalyst with a particle size of 5-10nm particle;

S2: add 15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 8 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 16 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and 18 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140° C. for 2 hours to obtain a slurry ; the monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorotribenzophenone; the monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone;

S3: uniformly disperse the obtained slurry with 38 parts by weight of carbon powder and 24 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on the glass plate by means of ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film with a thickness of 80 nm; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying is 100W, the temperature is 25°C, the spraying amount is 2L/h, and the spraying time is 16min;

S4: Transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to Nafion105 proton exchange membrane, and then paste carbon fiber paper with a thickness of 0.25 mm and a porosity of 78%, and heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 180 °C for 6 s, and further The polymerization firmly fixes the catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane, resulting in a fuel cell membrane electrode.

Example 4

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, comprising:

S1: Disperse 52 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 48 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 6 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 5 parts by weight of catalyst, and heat to 132 under the protection of inert atmosphere nitrogen or argon ℃ heat preservation treatment for 3h; the bisphenol monomer is 9,9′-bis(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene; the catalyst is Pt/C with a particle size of 5-10nm catalyst particles;

S2: add 12 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 8 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 16 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and 12 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a slurry ; the monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorotribenzophenone; the monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone;

S3: uniformly disperse the obtained slurry with 36 parts by weight of carbon powder and 28 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on a glass plate by means of ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film with a thickness of 200 nm; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying is 20W, the temperature is 50°C, the spraying amount is 1L/h, and the spraying time is 25min;

S4: Transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to Nafion 1135 proton exchange membrane, then paste carbon fiber paper with a thickness of 0.25mm and a porosity of 70%, and heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 181 °C for 5s. Further polymerization fixes the catalytic layer firmly on the proton exchange membrane to obtain a fuel cell membrane electrode.

Example 5

A method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, comprising:

S1: Disperse 53 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 55 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 6 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 3 parts by weight of catalyst, and heat to 128 under the protection of inert atmosphere nitrogen or argon ℃ heat preservation treatment for 3h; the bisphenol monomer is 3,3′-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)phenolphthalein; the catalyst is a Pt/C catalyst with a particle size of 5-10nm particle;

S2: add 14 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 9 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 16 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, and 12 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a slurry ; the monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorotribenzophenone; the monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone;

S3: disperse the obtained slurry uniformly with 33 parts by weight of carbon powder and 26 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on the glass plate by ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film with a thickness of 120 nm; The ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying is 60W, the temperature is 50°C, the spraying amount is 5L/h, and the spraying time is 12min;

S4: Transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to Nafion 112 proton exchange membrane, and then paste carbon fiber paper with a thickness of 0.25 mm and a porosity of 70%, and heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 180 °C for 6s. Further polymerization fixes the catalytic layer firmly on the proton exchange membrane to obtain a fuel cell membrane electrode.

The obtained membrane electrode and the current collector plate with network grooves were pressed together to form a single cell, and the test was performed in hydrogen/air at a temperature of 60°C. The electrical output of a single cell reaches 0.5V-0.25A/cm ² . It has the requirements of engineering use, and the performance is close to that of the current conventional fuel cell, but the present invention greatly simplifies the process, makes the quality of the catalytic layer stable, and is easy for large-scale production.

Claims (10)

1. a method for preparing fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization, is characterized in that: the method steps are as follows: S1: Disperse 50-55 parts by weight of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in 45-60 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, then add 5-10 parts by weight of bisphenol monomer and 3-5 parts by weight of catalyst, and protect in an inert atmosphere Heat to 120-135℃ for 1-3h; S2: add 10-15 parts by weight of potassium carbonate, 8-10 parts by weight of difluorobenzophenone, 10-20 parts by weight of sulfonated difluorobenzophenone, 10-20 parts by weight of xylene to the product of step S1, and heat up to 140 ℃ to react for 1-2h to obtain a slurry; S3: uniformly disperse the obtained slurry with 30-40 parts by weight of carbon powder and 20-30 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and carry out ultrasonic spraying on a glass plate by ultrasonic spraying to obtain a pre-coating catalytic layer film; S4: transfer the pre-coated catalytic layer film obtained in step S3 to the proton exchange membrane, then paste the carbon fiber paper, heat one end of the carbon fiber paper to 180-185 ° C, and further polymerize to firmly fix the catalytic layer on the proton exchange membrane, A fuel cell membrane electrode is obtained. 2 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the bisphenol monomer is 9,9′-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (bisphenol fluorene). 3 . ), 9,9'-bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, 9,9'-bis(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, phenolphthalein Or one of 3,3'-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)phenolphthalein. 3 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is Pt/C catalyst particles with a particle size of 5-10 nm. 4 . 4 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the inert atmosphere is an argon atmosphere. 5 . 5. The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the monomer of the difluorobenzophenone is 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone or 4,4' - Difluorotribenzone. 6 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the monomer of the sulfonated difluorobenzophenone is sulfonated 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone. 7 . 7. The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic spraying in step S3 is 10-100W, the temperature is 20-60°C, and the spraying amount is 0.1-5L/h, spraying time is 10-30min. 8 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the pre-coating catalyst layer in step S3 is 50-200 nm. 9 . 9 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the proton exchange membrane is one of Nafion 117, Nafion 115, Nafion 112, Nafion 1135 or Nafion 105. 10 . 10 . The method for preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode by transfer polymerization according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon fiber paper has a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm and a porosity of 70-80%. 11 .

Images