CN111364036B - A kind of preparation method of iron-based amorphous coating and iron-based amorphous coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of iron-based amorphous coating and iron-based amorphous coating Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供的一种冷气动力喷涂铁基非晶涂层的制备方法，将铁基非晶粉末与Ni粉混合形成混合粉末，将所述混合粉末和基体于100℃～200℃保温30分钟以上，对保温后的基体表面进行喷砂处理，采用冷气动力喷涂设备，将保温后的所述混合粉末喷涂沉积至所述基体表面，形成Ni掺杂铁基非晶涂层，将所述Ni掺杂铁基非晶涂层进行退火处理，得到所述铁基非晶涂层，本发明提供的铁基非晶涂层的制备方法，冷气动力喷涂技术采用冷气动力喷涂技术，通过掺杂Ni粉，克服了铁基非晶粉末在冷气动力喷涂过程中难以形成完整涂层，而掺杂Ni粉之后，Ni粉颗粒提高了混合粉末的整体塑性，在冷气动力喷涂过程中能提供巨大的塑性变形，因此可以得到完整的涂层，且致密度高。
The invention provides a method for preparing an iron-based amorphous coating by cold air power spraying. The iron-based amorphous powder and Ni powder are mixed to form a mixed powder, and the mixed powder and the substrate are kept at 100°C to 200°C for more than 30 minutes. , sandblast the surface of the thermally insulated substrate, and use cold air power spraying equipment to spray and deposit the thermally insulated mixed powder on the surface of the substrate to form a Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating. The iron-based amorphous coating is subjected to annealing treatment to obtain the iron-based amorphous coating. In the preparation method of the iron-based amorphous coating provided by the present invention, the cold air dynamic spraying technology adopts the cold air dynamic spraying technology, and by doping Ni powder , which overcomes the difficulty of forming a complete coating of iron-based amorphous powder in the process of cold air dynamic spraying, and after doping with Ni powder, Ni powder particles improve the overall plasticity of the mixed powder, which can provide huge plastic deformation in the process of cold air dynamic spraying , so a complete coating with high density can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface protection, in particular to a preparation method of an iron-based amorphous coating.
Background
The iron-based amorphous coating has excellent physicochemical properties such as high hardness, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and has wide market prospect and research value in the field of surface protection. At present, the most used method for preparing the iron-based amorphous coating is a thermal spraying technology. However, the flame temperature of the thermal spraying technique is as high as 3000K-10000K, and particles and deposited coatings are easily subjected to overhigh heat in the preparation process. The crystallization of the amorphous area in the coating is easily caused by the excessive heat, and the amorphous content of the coating is further reduced. In recent years, a few researchers have attempted to produce amorphous coatings using cold gas dynamic spraying. However, the extremely high hardness of the iron-based amorphous powder makes it difficult for particles to plastically deform when impacting a matrix, so that the deposition rate is very low and it is difficult to form a complete coating. Therefore, preparing a complete fe-based amorphous coating and trying to increase its amorphous content is a necessary requirement in the field of surface protection.
Most researchers at present adopt thermal spraying to prepare the iron-based amorphous coating, but in the process of preparing the iron-based amorphous coating by the thermal spraying technology, the central temperature of thermal spraying flame is as high as 3000K-10000K, so that powder particles and the deposited coating are easily heated excessively to be crystallized, the amorphous content of the coating is reduced, and the performance of the coating is influenced. However, the huge heat in the thermal spraying process is easy to cause the crystallization of the coating, and the amorphous content is reduced; therefore, the cold gas dynamic spraying technology is adopted to prepare the iron-based amorphous coating, but in the cold gas dynamic spraying process, because the hardness of the iron-based amorphous powder is very high, the iron-based amorphous powder is difficult to generate plastic deformation when impacting a matrix, and further, the deposition rate is very low, and the complete coating is difficult to form.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method for preparing an iron-based amorphous coating, which can make full use of more useful information and help to obtain better results, in view of the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of an iron-based amorphous coating, which comprises the following steps:
mixing iron-based amorphous powder with Ni powder to form mixed powder;
preserving the heat of the mixed powder and the matrix at 100-200 ℃ for more than 30 minutes;
carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the heat-insulated substrate;
spraying and depositing the heat-preserved mixed powder on the surface of the matrix by using cold air power spraying equipment to form a Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating;
and annealing the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating to obtain the iron-based amorphous coating.
In some preferred embodiments, in the step of mixing the iron-based amorphous powder with the Ni powder to form the mixed powder, the mass ratio of the iron-based amorphous powder to the Ni powder is (90% to 50%): (10% to 50%).
In some preferred embodiments, the iron-based amorphous powder is spherical or ellipsoidal, and the particle size of the iron-based amorphous powder is 5 μm to 60 μm; the Ni powder is spherical or nearly spherical, and the granularity of the Ni powder is 5-50 mu m.
In some preferred embodiments, the mixed powder and the substrate are kept at 100-200 ℃ for more than 30 minutes, the material of the substrate is stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, and the substrate is a plane or a cylinder.
In some preferred embodiments, in the step of performing sand blasting on the surface of the substrate after the heat preservation, the sand grains used are alumina particles, the particle size of the alumina particles is 300 μm, and the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-1.2 MPa.
In some preferred embodiments, in the step of forming the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating by spraying and depositing the heat-preserved mixed powder onto the surface of the substrate by using a cold air dynamic spraying device, the gas pressure used in the cold air dynamic spraying is 2.5 to 7.5MPa, the gas temperature is 200 to 500 ℃, and the spraying distance is 20 to 50 mm.
In some preferred embodiments, in the step of annealing the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating to obtain the iron-based amorphous coating, the annealing temperature is 400 ℃ to 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 to 4 hours, and the heating rate is 5 to 10 ℃/min.
In addition, the invention also provides an iron-based amorphous coating prepared by the preparation method.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method has the advantages that:
the invention provides a preparation method of an iron-based amorphous coating, which comprises the steps of mixing iron-based amorphous powder and Ni powder to form mixed powder, keeping the mixed powder and a matrix at 100-200 ℃ for more than 30 minutes, carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix after heat preservation, spraying and depositing the mixed powder after heat preservation onto the surface of the matrix by using cold air power spraying equipment to form a Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating, and annealing the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating to obtain the iron-based amorphous coating. Therefore, the complete coating can be obtained, and the compactness is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing an iron-based amorphous coating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an appearance and morphology diagram of the iron-based amorphous powder provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of the particle size of doped Ni powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows in-flight iron-based amorphous powder particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the state of the iron-based amorphous powder particles impacting the matrix according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows an in-flight Ni-doped fe-based amorphous mixed powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a state where Ni-doped fe-based amorphous mixed powder particles according to an embodiment of the present invention collide with a matrix.
Fig. 8 is a Ni-doped fe-based amorphous coating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a photograph of cold gas dynamic spraying of Ni powder doped Fe-based amorphous powder according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of a Ni powder doped iron-based amorphous powder cold gas dynamic spray coating provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing an iron-based amorphous coating according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step S110: mixing the iron-based amorphous powder with Ni powder to form mixed powder.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the iron-based amorphous powder to the Ni powder is (90-50%): (10% to 50%).
Referring to FIG. 2, it is a diagram of the appearance of the Fe-based amorphous powder, which is spherical or ellipsoidal, has a particle size of 5 μm to 60 μm, and has an amorphous content close to 100%.
Referring to FIG. 3, the distribution diagram of the particle size of the doped Ni powder is shown, wherein the Ni powder is spherical or nearly spherical, the particle size is 5 μm to 50 μm, and the Ni powder is crystalline powder.
Step S120: and preserving the temperature of the mixed powder and the matrix at 100-200 ℃ for more than 30 minutes.
Specifically, the mixed powder and the matrix are put into a heat preservation furnace, and the heat preservation is carried out for more than 30 minutes at the temperature of 100-200 ℃. The substrate is made of stainless steel (or carbon steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like), is planar or cylindrical, and is unlimited in size.
Step S130: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the heat-insulated substrate.
Specifically, the sand particles are alumina particles, the particle size of the alumina particles is 300 microns, and the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-1.2 MPa.
Step S140: and spraying and depositing the heat-preserved mixed powder on the surface of the matrix by using cold air power spraying equipment to form the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating.
Specifically, the cold air dynamic spraying adopts gas pressure of 2.5-7.5 MPa, gas temperature of 200-500 ℃ and spraying distance of 20-50 mm.
Step S150: and annealing the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating to obtain the iron-based amorphous coating.
Specifically, the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating is placed into a heat treatment furnace for annealing so as to eliminate the internal stress of the coating. The annealing temperature is 400-600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-4 hours, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the process of cold gas dynamic spraying of Ni-undoped fe-based amorphous powder is shown. As can be seen from the figure, since the iron-based amorphous powder has a high hardness and is hard to be plastically deformed when it hits a substrate, most particles are rebounded, and thus it is difficult to form a complete coating.
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the Ni-doped fe-based amorphous powder is cold gas dynamic sprayed. As can be seen from the figure, due to the doping of Ni, when the iron-based amorphous powder impacts a matrix, the plasticity provided by the Ni powder can ensure the sufficient deformation degree of the mixed powder, and further a complete compact coating is formed. Wherein, the Ni powder is spread into strip-shaped particles by sufficient deformation, which plays a great auxiliary role in the deposition of the iron-based amorphous powder particles.
According to the preparation method of the iron-based amorphous coating, the cold air power spraying technology is adopted, and the problem that the iron-based amorphous powder is difficult to form a complete coating in the cold air power spraying process is solved by doping Ni powder, and the Ni powder particles after doping the Ni powder improve the overall plasticity of the mixed powder and can provide huge plastic deformation in the cold air power spraying process, so that the complete coating can be obtained, and the density is high.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
in this example, Ni powder and iron-based amorphous powder were mixed in a V-type mixer at a certain mass ratio (Ni content 50%) for 30 minutes. Wherein the average particle size of the Ni powder is 12 μm, and the average particle size of the iron-based amorphous powder is 35 μm.
And (3) putting the mixed powder and the matrix into a heat preservation furnace, and preserving the heat at 200 ℃ for more than 30 minutes. Wherein, the substrate is carbon steel and is plane in shape. The substrate is then grit blasted. Wherein, the sand grain is alumina grain with the grain size of 300 μm and the sand blasting pressure of 0.8 MPa.
And then, spraying and depositing the mixed powder on the surface of the matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting cold air dynamic spraying equipment to form the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating. Wherein, the gas pressure adopted by cold gas dynamic spraying is 3MPa, the gas temperature is 400 ℃, and the spraying distance is 40 mm.
And finally, putting the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating into a heat treatment furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min.
Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, FIG. 9 is a photograph of the Ni powder doped Fe-based amorphous powder of this example, which is cold gas dynamic spraying, thickness is 0.16mm, and gas temperature T0870K, gas pressure p01.8 Mpa; FIG. 10 is a photomicrograph of the cross section of the cold gas dynamic spray coating of the Ni powder doped Fe-based amorphous powder of this example, T0＝870K，p0＝1.8MPa。
Fig. 9 shows that the coating is complete after the Ni powder doped fe-based amorphous powder is cold gas dynamic sprayed. Fig. 10 microscopically shows that the cross section of the coating has few holes, which indicates that a complete coating can be formed after Ni doping, and the prepared cold gas dynamic spraying coating has high density and thickness of more than 150 μm.
Example 2:
in this example, Ni powder and iron-based amorphous powder were mixed in a V-type mixer at a certain mass ratio (Ni mass content: 40%) for 30 minutes. Wherein the average particle size of the Ni powder is 10 μm, and the average particle size of the iron-based amorphous powder is 10 μm.
And (3) putting the mixed powder and the matrix into a heat preservation furnace, and preserving the heat at 100 ℃ for more than 30 minutes. Wherein, the basal body is stainless steel and the shape is a plane.
The stainless steel substrate was then grit blasted. Wherein, the sand grain is alumina grain with the grain size of 300 μm and the sand blasting pressure of 0.5 MPa.
And then, spraying and depositing the mixed powder on the surface of the matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting cold air dynamic spraying equipment to form the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating. Wherein the gas pressure adopted by cold gas dynamic spraying is 2.5MPa, the gas temperature is 200 ℃, and the spraying distance is 20 mm.
And finally, putting the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating into a heat treatment furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min.
Example 3:
in this example, Ni powder and iron-based amorphous powder were mixed in a V-type mixer at a certain mass ratio (Ni content of 30%) for 60 minutes. Wherein the average particle size of the Ni powder is 20 μm, and the average particle size of the iron-based amorphous powder is 30 μm.
And (3) putting the mixed powder and the matrix into a heat preservation furnace, and preserving the heat at 100 ℃ for more than 30 minutes. Wherein, the basal body is stainless steel and takes the shape of a cylinder.
The stainless steel substrate was then grit blasted. Wherein, the sand grain is alumina grain with the grain size of 300 μm and the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa.
And then, spraying and depositing the mixed powder on the surface of the matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting cold air dynamic spraying equipment to form the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating. Wherein, the gas pressure adopted by cold gas dynamic spraying is 3MPa, the gas temperature is 300 ℃, and the spraying distance is 30 mm.
And finally, putting the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating into a heat treatment furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the heating rate is 5 ℃/min.
Example 4:
in this example, Ni powder and iron-based amorphous powder were mixed in a V-type mixer at a certain mass ratio (Ni content of 10%) for 60 minutes. Wherein the average particle size of the Ni powder is 30 μm, and the average particle size of the iron-based amorphous powder is 45 μm.
And (3) putting the mixed powder and the matrix into a heat preservation furnace, and preserving the heat at 100 ℃ for more than 30 minutes. Wherein, the base body is aluminum alloy and takes the shape of a cylinder.
The substrate is then grit blasted. Wherein, the sand grain is alumina grain with the grain size of 300 μm and the sand blasting pressure of 1 MPa.
And then, spraying and depositing the mixed powder on the surface of the matrix subjected to sand blasting by adopting cold air dynamic spraying equipment to form the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating. Wherein, the gas pressure adopted by cold gas dynamic spraying is 5MPa, the gas temperature is 450 ℃, and the spraying distance is 30 mm.
And finally, putting the Ni-doped iron-based amorphous coating into a heat treatment furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the heating rate is 10 ℃/min.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
Of course, the preparation method of the iron-based amorphous coating of the invention can also have various changes and modifications, and is not limited to the specific structure of the above embodiment. In conclusion, the scope of the present invention should include those changes or substitutions and modifications which are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (8)
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| CN113684440B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-09-20 | 华南理工大学 | Molybdenum-doped composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114231968A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-25 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of iron-nickel composite coating and iron-nickel composite coating material |
| FR3149021A1 (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2024-11-29 | Safran | METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A METAL COATING BY THERMAL SPRAYING, ASSEMBLY AND MIXTURE FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD |
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