CN111363626B - Holographic rose essential oil and green preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Holographic rose essential oil and green preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/022—Refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/025—Recovery by solvent extraction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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Abstract
The invention relates to holographic rose essential oil and a green preparation method thereof. On the basis of preparing conventional rose essential oil by using a steam distillation process, preparing flower water essential oil from rose water which is a byproduct of rose essential oil production by using membrane concentration, adsorption and SFE technology, and then blending essential oil obtained by distilling fresh rose flowers with the flower water essential oil according to a certain proportion to prepare the novel holographic rose essential oil. Compared with the traditional rose essential oil, the holographic rose essential oil has more comprehensive chemical spectrum and fragrance spectrum, is more similar to the natural fragrance characteristics of fresh rose flowers, and can be regarded as a copy of the fragrance spectrum of original plants. The technology has the advantages that the essential oil quality is improved and the essential oil yield is greatly improved by adopting a green process method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction and application of essential oil.
The invention relates to holographic rose essential oil and a green preparation method thereof.
The invention also provides an integrated process method for enriching the water-soluble essential oil from the rose water.
Background
Rose (Rosa rugosa thunb.) is a perennial evergreen or deciduous bush of the genus Rosa of the family rosaceae, whose main product rose essential oil is an extremely valuable essential oil, with the reputation of "liquid gold". The rose essential oil has various effects of resisting oxidation, inhibiting bacteria, killing bacteria, promoting cell regeneration, relieving emotion and the like, and has wide application and development potential in the industries of cosmetics, food industry, medicines and the like. Rose essential oils are complex mixtures of hundreds of natural compounds, including some minor components of which the structure has not been defined. The unique fragrance and the surprise effect of the natural rose essential oil are the synergistic effect of the organic molecules, so that the magic charm of the natural product is fully reflected, and the natural rose essential oil is difficult to surpass by the synthetic process. It is well known that extraction and processing processes are the most critical factors affecting the quality of rose essential oils.
At present, the extraction method of the rose essential oil mainly comprises traditional extraction methods such as a steam distillation method, a squeezing method, an organic solvent extraction method and the like, and supercritical CO 2 Modern extraction processes such as extraction, molecular distillation purification, subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) and microwave distillation extraction.
To date, steam distillation is a common process for producing rose essential oil. For many years, industry has been working on improving the water vapor distillation technology of rose essential oils. For example, patent CN201610676073.1 and CN200410073336.7 propose a two-step backwater distillation method for preparing rose essential oil, and the yield and chemical composition of the new technology are close to those of the essential oil obtained by steam distillation, but the efficiency is low. Patent CN201510943415.7 discloses a new technology for preparing rose essential oil by combining ultrahigh pressure with steam distillation. The technology has the advantages that the yield of the essential oil is higher than that of the conventional steam distillation method, but the chemical composition of the product is greatly changed due to the novel technology, and the quality of the essential oil is unavoidably influenced. Patent CN201811600274.9 developed an extraction of rose essential oil by ultrasonic-microwave assisted distillation, currently limited to laboratory studies. While patent CN01133454.1 has studied a method for extracting rose essential oil by supercritical extraction process, which has the advantages of selectively separating and maintaining rose components, and has higher extraction yield than conventional process, and the disadvantage that the composition and fragrance of rose essential oil are far different from those of conventional rose essential oil, so that the rose essential oil is unacceptable to consumers at one time. Due to supercritical CO 2 The crude rose oil obtained by extraction has high waxy content and influences quality, so that the crude rose oil is dewaxed by adopting a nontoxic, harmless and efficient molecular distillation technology at present, and the damage of the traditional organic solvent method to the quality of the essential oil is avoided.
It is well known that a great deal of by-product, namely rose water (also called rose dew), is produced in the traditional steam distillation process, and the rose water is rich in water-soluble essential oil components such as phenethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, linalool, nerol and the like, and the components belong to the rose alcohols and are main aroma components of the rose. Especially phenethyl alcohol is a main characteristic component of fresh rose fragrance. The rose alcohol component is extremely important for the flavor quality of the rose essential oil. The rose essential oil with high content of the rose alcohols has higher sensory quality. However, due to the greater water solubility of such ingredients, they are readily soluble in the rose water during distillation, ultimately resulting in lower levels of such ingredients in the rose essential oil. Therefore, by adopting a single process, all the aromatic components in the flowers are difficult to keep, and part of the components are left in the rose water, so that not only is the resource waste of the rose water components caused, but also the main reasons of incomplete essential oil components and poor quality are caused. Therefore, the volatile aromatic components in the rose water are reasonably recovered, so that the yield of the essential oil can be increased, and the chemical spectrum of the rose essential oil can be more similar to that of the rose, thereby further improving the quality of the essential oil.
In order to obtain the original monosodium glutamate oil which is more similar to the natural color of the natural rose, the invention provides the concept of holographic rose essential oil in the earlier stage research. . The raw materials of the holographic rose essential oil comprise essential oil by a conventional steam method and volatile organic aromatic compounds recovered from rose water, and the essential oil and the volatile organic aromatic compounds are blended into the holographic rose essential oil by reasonable proportion. The essential oil of holographic rose is basically characterized in that the kind and content ratio of aromatic compounds are very close to rose. In general, a single manufacturing process often limits the broad spectrum of ways that some compounds can be transferred from starting materials to the product, thereby changing the chemical and flavor spectra of the product. Therefore, more than two kinds of rose essential oil are obtained by adopting multiple ways and are mixed together, so that the original composition and fragrance of the rose essential oil are maintained.
Therefore, the preparation process of the holographic rose essential oil is characterized in that essential oil obtained by distilling fresh rose and flower water essential oil obtained by enriching rose water are taken as raw materials, and the essential oil and the flower water essential oil are mixed in a reasonable proportion. Compared with the essential oil by a steam method, the holographic rose essential oil has the advantages that the material composition is richer, the holographic rose essential oil is more similar to natural rose flowers, and the efficacy and the fragrance are better than those of the conventional rose essential oil. In addition, the preparation process of the holographic rose essential oil can recycle the aromatic components in the rose water, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield and economic value of the rose essential oil.
Mao Peizhi in "holographic Rose essential oil and preparation Process research thereof" is provided a method for obtaining Rose essential oil by dichloromethane extraction process, so that the yield of Rose essential oil is improved. However, the organic solvent extraction process has a defect that trace organic solvent is inevitably remained in the product, so that the quality and grade of the rose essential oil are reduced. In addition, when the organic solvent is recovered, part of the top-note substances are lost, so that the use effect of the holographic rose essential oil product is affected.
Aiming at the defects of the existing products and processes, the invention discloses a novel holographic rose essential oil product and a green preparation method thereof. The holographic rose essential oil is prepared by adopting a green integrated process method, comprises the steps of membrane concentration, adsorption, SFE and the like, other volatile aromatic substances are enriched and separated from byproducts of a rose steam distillation process, and the volatile aromatic substances and the rose essential oil obtained by the steam distillation process are blended according to a proper proportion to prepare the novel rose essential oil.
The technology integrates distillation, extraction, adsorption and SFE, does not need high-temperature heating, does not need solvent recovery, is convenient to operate, and has no pollution and no toxicity in the extraction process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel holographic rose essential oil and a preparation method thereof. The holographic rose essential oil is prepared by blending rose water essential oil and traditional rose essential oil obtained by distilling fresh rose flowers according to different proportions. The rose essential oil is recovered from rose essential oil byproduct-rose water by membrane concentration, adsorption enrichment and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), is rich in rose alcohol components, and has remarkable rose fragrance characteristics. Compared with the conventional rose essential oil, the holographic rose essential oil has more comprehensive chemical spectrum and fragrance spectrum, and is more similar to the fragrance characteristics of natural rose.
The process flow of the preparation method of the holographic rose essential oil is shown in figure 1. The novel preparation technology of the holographic rose essential oil provided by the invention comprises four parts of technical contents: steam distillation, refining crude oil, recovering essential oil and blending essential oil. The method is a complete process method and has the prospect of industrialized application.
1. Steam distillation process
The purpose of the steam distillation process is to effectively transfer the volatile aromatic components from the fresh rose flowers and leave some of the polymer compounds in the extract. Therefore, through the steam distillation process, the rose essential oil can be extracted from the fresh rose flowers, and the byproduct rose water with a certain proportion can be obtained.
The rose steam distillation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Soaking fresh flos Rosae Rugosae in 20% salt, sealing, and adding distilled water at a ratio of 1:4.
(2) Introducing steam into the closed distillation tank for heating, opening condensed water when the temperature of the flower water reaches about 70 ℃, and distilling at a distillation speed of 120L/h for 2.5h when the flower water starts boiling, wherein the temperature of the condensed water is kept at 25-40 ℃; then, distillation was continued for 1.5 hours at a distillation rate of 240L/h, and the condensed water temperature was maintained at about 30 ℃.
(3) Separating crude product of oleum Rosae Rugosae from distillate by layering method, continuously separating oil from water during distillation, and collecting crude oil and byproduct of flos Rosae Rugosae water.
2. Refining crude oil
And (3) adding a proper amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate into the crude rose oil obtained in the process step (1), drying, filtering and dehydrating to obtain the rose essential oil.
3. Recovery of essential oils
3.1 Membrane concentration
And (3) taking rose water, carrying out microfiltration by using a microfiltration membrane (0.1-1.0 mu m), and collecting microfiltration permeate at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa. Ultrafiltering the micro-filtered permeate with ultrafiltering membrane (molecular weight cut-off 1000-10000) at 25-40 deg.c and pressure of 0.3-0.7 MPa, and collecting ultrafiltered concentrate and permeate separately. The ultrafiltered permeate passes through a nanofiltration membrane, the temperature is 25-40 ℃, and the pressure is 0.5-2MPa.
And combining the ultrafiltration concentrated solution and the nanofiltration concentrated solution to obtain the rose water concentrated solution.
3.2 adsorption Process enrichment
Mixing the rose water concentrated solution with a special adsorbent (the volume ratio is controlled to be 1:0.02-1:0.05). At normal temperature, volatile aromatic components in the rose water are enriched in the adsorbent by using a circulating adsorption process. Then, the saturated adsorbent was taken out and dried at room temperature.
The special adsorbent used in the patent comprises granular activated carbon and activated Al 2 O 3 Or molecular sieves, preferably with weak polarity.
3.3 supercritical CO 2 Extraction
Placing the dried adsorbent as filler in a supercritical extraction kettle, and starting supercritical CO 2 The extraction process. The supercritical extraction pressure is 8-25 MPa, preferably 10-25 MPa; the extraction temperature is 30-50 ℃, preferably 35-45 ℃; the extraction time is 1 to 4 hours, and the best is 1 to 2 hours. The rose essential oil rich in the rose alcohol component can be obtained.
4. Rose essential oil blend
Blending the rose essential oil obtained by steam distillation and the rose water essential oil obtained by supercritical extraction according to a specified proportion (the weight ratio of the steam rose essential oil to the flower water essential oil is 1:0.2-1:1.5), and obtaining the holographic rose essential oil. The mixing proportion of the water vapor rose essential oil and the flower water essential oil is optimal at 1:0.5-1:0.8, and the obtained holographic rose essential oil is rich in phenethyl alcohol and citronellol.
The method for enriching the water-soluble essential oil component in the rose water integrates a membrane concentration technology and supercritical CO 2 The extraction technology has the advantages of high efficiency, no solvent and the like. The method not only makes full use of the rose water, but also makes up for the defect of missing active ingredients in the single extraction process of the essential oil, and the extracted rose water essential oil has obvious fragrance characteristics of fresh rose.
The holographic rose essential oil is reasonable in preparation design, convenient to operate, suitable for practical use and capable of keeping the natural proportion of aromatic substances in the rose as much as possible. The holographic essential oil can improve the quality of the rose oil, improve the yield, reduce the cost and improve the benefit.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a process flow for preparing holographic rose essential oil,
fig. 2 is a gas chromatogram of holographic rose essential oil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and it is apparent that the described examples are only some but not all examples of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
50kg of fresh rose flowers are taken, salted and preserved in a sealed manner for 1-5 days by 20%, filled into a distillation pot, 200L of water is added, the distillation pot is covered and sealed, steam is introduced for heating, and condensed water is opened for cooling when the temperature is raised to 70 ℃. When the water is completely boiled, the distillation speed of 120L/h is adopted for distillation for 2.5h, and the temperature of condensed water is kept at 35 ℃; then, distillation was continued for 1.5 hours at a distillation rate of 240L/h, with the condensate water temperature maintained at 38 ℃. In the distillation process, continuously separating essential oil, collecting crude rose oil and byproduct rose water, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate into the crude rose oil, drying and filtering, and dehydrating to obtain the rose essential oil.
Example 2
20L of rose water is subjected to microfiltration by a polypropylene microfiltration membrane (0.45 μm), the temperature is 25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.2MPa. And collecting the microfiltration permeate. Then ultrafiltration is carried out through a polyvinylidene chloride ultrafiltration membrane (molecular weight cut-off 10000). The temperature was 25℃and the pressure was 0.5MPa. And respectively collecting ultrafiltration concentrated solution and permeate. The ultrafiltered permeate passes through an aromatic amide nanofiltration membrane, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the pressure is controlled at 2MPa. Combining the ultrafiltration concentrated solution and the nanofiltration concentrated solution to obtain the rose water concentrated solution, wherein the total concentration is about 3000mL.
Example 3
Taking a proper amount of granular active carbon (with the grain diameter of 0.9-2.0 mm), washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water respectively, and drying at 105 ℃ for 24 hours for later use.
200g of the treated activated carbon was weighed and placed in an adsorption column (150 cm. Times.1.2 cm. I.d.). Taking rose2000mL of water concentrate at 5cm 3 min -1 The flow rate of (2) was through the activated carbon column at 25 ℃. Pouring out the loaded activated carbon after the operation is finished, and standing for 1h at room temperature for airing.
Example 4
Putting the dried saturated activated carbon obtained in the example 3 into a 1000mL extraction kettle for supercritical CO 2 And (5) extracting. Setting the extraction pressure to 20MPa, the extraction temperature to 35 ℃, the analysis pressure to 10MPa and 4MPa, and the extraction time to about 2 hours, and obtaining 4.2g of recovered essential oil from a discharge hole of the analysis kettle.
Through analysis, the relative content of the components of the rose alcohols in the recovered essential oil is 97.1 percent.
Example 5
45L of rose water is subjected to microfiltration by a polypropylene microfiltration membrane (1.0 μm), the temperature is 39 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3MPa. The micro-filtration membrane permeate is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment by a polyether sulfone ultrafiltration membrane (cut-off molecular weight 10000), and the temperature is 39 ℃ and the pressure is 0.7MPa. The ultrafiltration concentrate is filtered by a polyvinyl alcohol nanofiltration membrane, the temperature is 39 ℃, and the pressure is 3MPa. The resulting ultrafiltration concentrate and nanofiltration concentrate were combined to a total of about 6.5L of concentrated rose water.
The adsorption process was completed as in example 3, with 400g of granular activated carbon and concentrated rose water.
Then putting the dried saturated activated carbon into a 1000mL extraction kettle for supercritical CO 2 And (5) extracting. Setting the extraction pressure to 25MPa, the extraction temperature to 45 ℃, the analysis pressure to 10MPa and 4MPa, and the extraction time to about 2 hours, and obtaining 9.1g of recovered essential oil from a discharge hole of the analysis kettle.
The yield of the recovered essential oil is calculated to be 0.020%.
Example 6
Gas chromatography conditions for rose essential oil: DB-5 elastic quartz capillary chromatographic column (30 m x 0.25mm x 0.25 μm); the temperature of the sample inlet is 250 ℃; programming the temperature to be 50 ℃ at the initial temperature, and keeping for 4min; heating to 270 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min, and keeping for 10min; helium is used as carrier gas (the purity is more than or equal to 99.99 percent), and the flow rate of the carrier gas is 0.8m L/min;1 μl of sample was introduced without split. Quantification was performed using area normalization. Mass spectrometry conditions: interface temperature 270 ℃; an electron bombardment ion source (EI); the ion source voltage is 350V; the ion source temperature is 190 ℃; the emission current is 150 muA; scanning time is 0.5 s/time; the mass scanning range is 29 to 540amu.
A typical gas chromatogram of the holographic rose essential oil in the invention is shown in figure 2.
Example 7
Adding 1mL of rose essential oil into 2mL of rose essential oil, oscillating at constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 5min to uniformly mix, thus obtaining the holographic rose essential oil, sealing and refrigerating. Is light yellow liquid, has rose characteristic fragrance, and has special fragrance of fresh rose and honey-like smell. The composition contains 22.5% of phenethyl alcohol, 15.2% of citronellol, 10.0% of geraniol and 17.5% of nonadecane through gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection.
The chemical compositions of the holographic rose essential oils of different modulation and ratio are listed in table 1.
Table 1 comparison of chemical compositions of holographic rose essential oils obtained at different scales
Example 8
Adding 1.6mL of rose essential oil into 2mL of rose essential oil, oscillating at constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 5min to uniformly mix, thus obtaining the holographic rose essential oil, and sealing and refrigerating. Is light yellow liquid, has characteristic fragrance of rose essential oil, and has smell of fresh rose. Through analysis, the composition contains 30.1% of phenethyl alcohol, 16.3% of citronellol, 9.8% of geraniol and 12.4% of nonadecane. The chemical compositions of the holographic rose essential oil (1:0.8) and the raw materials are listed in Table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of chemical compositions of Rose essential oils, floral Water essential oils, holographic Rose essential oils
Example 9
Sensory index evaluation was performed on the water vapor rose essential oil, the flower water essential oil, and the holographic rose essential oil (1:0.8) by a professional fragrance evaluator. Sensory indicators include color, flowability, aroma, miscellaneous flavor, and oil smell. 5 parallel samples were made for each variety, each sample was evaluated 3 times repeatedly, and the highest frequency of occurrence results were taken. Table 3 is the statistical results of the sensory panel data.
Table 3 sensory review results
Note that: ++, very strong; ++, strong; the (+/-) is not obvious; -, none.
As can be seen from Table 3, the comprehensive evaluation of the holographic rose essential oil was highest.
Claims (4)
1. The holographic rose essential oil is characterized by being prepared by blending rose essential oil and flower water essential oil according to the volume ratio of 1:0.8, wherein the flower water essential oil contains eugenol and eugenol methyl ether, the relative content of eugenol in the flower water essential oil is 1.4%, the relative content of eugenol methyl ether in the flower water essential oil is 0.4%, and the flower water essential oil is rose water obtained by steam distillation of rose flowers, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out microfiltration on rose water by using a microfiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.1-1.0 mu m, collecting microfiltration permeate, carrying out ultrafiltration on the microfiltration permeate by using an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cut-off of 1000-10000 at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3-0.7 MPa, respectively collecting ultrafiltration concentrate and permeate, passing the ultrafiltration permeate through a nanofiltration membrane, combining the ultrafiltration concentrate and the nanofiltration concentrate at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ and the pressure of 0.5-2MPa, and obtaining rose water concentrate;
s2: mixing the rose water concentrated solution obtained in the step S1 with a special adsorbent according to the volume ratio of 1:0.02-1:0.05, and enriching volatile aromatic components in the rose water by using a circulating adsorption process at normal temperatureCollecting in adsorbent, taking out saturated special adsorbent, and air drying at room temperature, wherein the special adsorbent is selected from granular active carbon and active Al 2 O 3 And one of molecular sieves;
s3: putting the special adsorbent dried in the step S2 as a filler in a supercritical extraction kettle, and starting supercritical CO 2 The supercritical extraction pressure is 8-25 MPa; the extraction temperature is 30-50 ℃; separating the two-stage analysis, wherein the extraction time is 1-4 h, and obtaining the essential oil of the flower water.
2. The holographic rose essential oil of claim 1, wherein the holographic rose essential oil comprises eugenol and eugenol methyl ether, the relative content of eugenol in the holographic rose essential oil is 1.8%, and the relative content of eugenol methyl ether in the holographic rose essential oil is 0.8%.
3. The holographic rose essential oil of claim 1, wherein the product is enriched in rose alcohol components, the relative content of phenethyl alcohol is 15% to 50%, and the relative content of citronellol is 10% to 20%.
4. The holographic rose essential oil of claim 1, wherein the holographic rose essential oil has a faint scent and honey-like smell characteristic of fresh rose.
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| Fast Quantification of Phenylethyl Alcohol in Rose Water and Chemical Profiles of Rose Water and Oil of Rosa damascena and Rosa rugosa from Southeast China;Lei, GM et al.;JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY & RELATED TECHNOLOGIES;第38卷;823-832 * |
| 全息玫瑰精油及制备工艺研究;毛佩芝;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20160815(第8期);论文正文第2.2.1、2.2.3、2.5、3.3.1、5.3.1、5.3.2、5.3.4、5.4.1和5.4.2节 * |
| 几种鲜花芳香水化学成分分析及吸附分离研究;雷高明;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20170215(第2期);论文正文第73页最后一段，第75页第2段，第92、97和117页的最后一段，第128页 * |
| 张莉等.膜过滤.《分离检测实训》.中国科学技术大学出版社,2013,第91-92页. * |
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