CN111362534A - Kitchen wastewater treatment system - Google Patents
Kitchen wastewater treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362534A CN111362534A CN202010335259.7A CN202010335259A CN111362534A CN 111362534 A CN111362534 A CN 111362534A CN 202010335259 A CN202010335259 A CN 202010335259A CN 111362534 A CN111362534 A CN 111362534A
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
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- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen wastewater treatment system, which comprises a pretreatment system for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil and partial COD in wastewater, a biochemical treatment system for performing denitrification treatment on the wastewater and an advanced treatment system for performing advanced denitrification treatment on the wastewater, wherein the pretreatment system is used for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil and partial COD in the wastewater; the pretreatment system comprises a demulsification coagulation device, and the biochemical treatment system comprises an A/O device for biological denitrification; the water inlet of the A/O device is connected to the water outlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device; the advanced treatment system comprises a Fenton device for removing nonbiodegradable organic matters in the wastewater and a BAF device for deeply denitrifying the wastewater. The method can effectively remove high-concentration NH3-N and TN in the wastewater, improve the removal rate of total nitrogen, and meet the high-standard discharge requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen wastewater treatment, in particular to a kitchen wastewater treatment system.
Background
The kitchen waste water contains a large amount of scum, oil substances and suspended matters, and a common kitchen waste water treatment system treats the waste water through the cooperation of a pretreatment system and a biochemical treatment system. The pretreatment system is used for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil and partial COD in the wastewater, reducing the content of suspended matters and oil substances entering biochemical treatment as much as possible, facilitating subsequent biochemical treatment, and the biochemical treatment is used for reducing the content of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the wastewater and meeting the discharge requirement of the wastewater; however, the kitchen waste water has wide sources, especially for high-concentration organic kitchen waste water, for example, biogas slurry waste water belongs to high-concentration organic waste water with better biodegradability, but although the biodegradability of the waste water is good, the waste water is difficult to reach the corresponding discharge standard by pretreatment and biochemical treatment alone, and after reaching the biochemical limit, the denitrification rate is a main difficulty in treating the waste water. Although the biochemical system has good removal rate for organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, the biochemical system is not enough to meet certain discharge standards which are close to urban areas or have high environmental requirements, and advanced oxidation or other modes are adopted for advanced treatment at the rear end, so that the removal rate indexes of the organic matters, the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen in the wastewater can reach the standard. Therefore, the kitchen wastewater treatment system which can improve the removal rate of total nitrogen and meet the high-standard discharge requirement is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the kitchen wastewater treatment system is provided, and the treatment system can effectively remove high-concentration NH3-N and TN in wastewater, improve the removal rate of total nitrogen, and meet the high-standard discharge requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the kitchen wastewater treatment system comprises a pretreatment system for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil and partial COD in wastewater, a biochemical treatment system for performing denitrification treatment on the wastewater and an advanced treatment system for performing advanced denitrification treatment on the wastewater; the pretreatment system comprises a demulsification coagulation device, and the biochemical treatment system comprises an A/O device for biological denitrification; the water inlet of the A/O device is connected to the water outlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device; the advanced treatment system comprises a Fenton device for removing nonbiodegradable organic matters in the wastewater and a BAF device for deeply denitrifying the wastewater.
When the treatment system is used, because the kitchen waste wastewater contains a large amount of vegetable oil, animal oil (beef tallow, lard) and suspended solids, after the kitchen waste wastewater enters the emulsion breaking coagulation device, emulsified oil and dispersed oil in the wastewater are destabilized and emulsion broken under the action of the emulsion breaker, oil-water separation is realized, colloid particles and hydrophilic pollutants in the wastewater are destabilized and coagulated through electric neutralization, hydrophobic organic matters and tiny suspended solids are flocculated, and then, the sludge-water separation is realized through gravity settling or dissolved air floating, so that COD, BOD, SS, chroma, heavy metal elements and the like in the water are removed. After the pretreated kitchen wastewater flows to an A/O device for nitration/denitrification reaction, residual nonbiodegradable organic matters such as COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chromaticity and the like are contained in the discharge liquid after nitration/denitrification reaction; after biochemical treatment, the effluent flows to an advanced treatment system, COD and BOD in the effluent can be further removed through a Fenton device in the advanced treatment system, and then the effluent flows to a BAF device, under the action of biochemical denitrification in the BAF device, the removal of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the effluent is completed, and finally the effluent reaches the standard and is discharged. The treatment system effectively removes high-concentration NH3-N and TN in the wastewater by combining the physicochemical pretreatment, the biochemical treatment and the advanced treatment process, improves the removal rate of total nitrogen, meets the high-standard discharge requirement, saves the operation cost, can reach the wastewater discharge standard, and has lower operation cost.
As optimization, the pretreatment system further comprises a sewage tank and an oil separation sedimentation tank which are arranged at the front end of the demulsification and coagulation device, wherein a water inlet of the sewage tank is used for receiving and temporarily storing the kitchen wastewater, a first grid is arranged in the sewage tank and used for filtering large-particle solid pollutants in the kitchen wastewater, a cyclone sand precipitator capable of separating sand grains from heavy impurities is further arranged between a water outlet of the sewage tank and the oil separation sedimentation tank, an outlet of the cyclone sand precipitator is connected to a water inlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank, and a second grid for filtering the particle solid pollutants is further arranged in the oil separation sedimentation tank; grid slag on the first grid and the second grid is discharged through a screw conveyor, a rotary drum grid machine is further arranged at the water outlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank, and the water outlet of the rotary drum grid machine is communicated with the water inlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device.
Thus, kitchen wastewater is collected and automatically flows to a sewage tank, and a first grid in the sewage tank comprises an artificial coarse grid and a two-stage mechanical grid which are arranged in grid grooves; the distance between the artificial grids is 50mm, and the artificial grids are used for removing impurities with large particle sizes, such as bricks, stones, battens and the like at the initial debugging stage; the two-stage mechanical grating comprises a rotary grating and a screen plate type grating, the distance between grating bars of the rotary grating is 10mm, kitchen waste larger than 10mm in waste water can be intercepted, the diameter of meshes of the screen plate type grating is 5mm, kitchen waste (small slag and agglomerated floating oil) larger than 5mm is intercepted, and grating slag generated by the rotary grating and the screen plate type grating is discharged by a screw conveyer; after passing through the rotary type grids and the screen plate type grids, wastewater automatically flows into a sewage pool, and a liftable aeration stirring device is arranged in the sewage pool to prevent floating oil and sediments from hardening; wastewater in a sewage tank flows into a cyclone sand setting device, the cyclone sand setting device can separate sand grains with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 0.2mm and impurities with heavier mass in the sewage, scum on the upper part of the cyclone sand setting device is dissolved in the water under the action of a stirring paddle, settled sand on the lower part enters a sand-water separator through air stripping for sand-water separation, the effluent of the cyclone sand removal device automatically flows into an oil separation sedimentation tank, scum (pepper shells, pepper shells and the like) which is not intercepted by a front-end grating in the wastewater is removed by a second grating in the oil separation sedimentation tank, simultaneously settleable pollutants (pepper seeds, silt, sludge and the like) in the wastewater are removed in a sedimentation mode, the oil separation sedimentation tank adopts a truss type sludge scraping and sucking machine to discharge sludge deposited at the bottom and floating oil on the upper part, the effluent of the oil separation sedimentation tank automatically flows into a rotary drum grating machine, the distance between the rotary drum gratings is 2mm, kitchen waste larger than 2mm in the wastewater can be intercepted, a small amount of floating matters carried, then the water outlet of the rotary drum grating machine is connected with a demulsification and coagulation device.
As optimization, the demulsification and coagulation device comprises an air floatation tank for treating wastewater, a demulsifier tank for storing demulsifier, a coagulant tank for storing coagulant, a coagulant aid tank for storing coagulant aid and a regulating tank; the system comprises a demulsifier pool, a coagulant aid pool, a regulating pool, a mixing tank, a stirring tank, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the demulsifier pool, the coagulant pool and the coagulation aid pool are respectively connected to the air flotation pool through a dosing pump; a third grid for filtering large-particle solid pollutants is also arranged in the air floatation tank, and grid slag of the third grid is discharged through the screw conveyer; the adjusting tank is internally provided with a lift pump, and a self-cleaning filter is arranged between a water outlet at the rear end of the lift pump and a water inlet of the A/O device and used for removing fiber substances in sewage.
After the wastewater enters an air flotation tank through a rotary drum grating machine, respectively adding a proper amount of PAC (coagulant), PAM (coagulant aid) and demulsifier into a coagulant tank, a coagulant aid tank and a demulsifier tank on the air flotation tank, and adding the wastewater into the air flotation tank through a dosing pump; under the stirring action of the gas stirring device, a large amount of micro bubbles are released from the wastewater, so that part of fine suspended matters are attached to the micro bubbles and float on the water surface to realize slag-water separation; the coagulant and the coagulant aid enable part of fine suspended matters to be attached to the micro bubbles and float on the water surface to realize slag-water separation, so that most of suspended matters, colloid particles and part of organic pollutants in the wastewater are removed, and the turbidity and the chromaticity of the wastewater are reduced; the demulsifier breaks the structure of the emulsified oil so as to achieve the purpose of separating the emulsified oil from the liquid phase and remove the residual suspended substances and colloids; the effluent of the air floatation tank automatically flows into a third grating, namely a membrane grating, the diameter of an eyelet of the membrane grating is 1mm, fiber pollutants or suspended matters which are not removed by air floatation in the wastewater can be intercepted, grating slag generated by the membrane grating is also conveyed away by a screw conveyor, the effluent enters an adjusting tank, the adjusting tank is used for homogenizing and equalizing the wastewater, and the wastewater can be pumped into an AO device under the lifting action of a lifting pump in the adjusting tank; the self-cleaning filter is arranged behind the regulating reservoir lift pump and in front of the AO device, the filtering precision is 500 microns, and the fiber substances in the wastewater can be thoroughly removed, so that the ultrafiltration membrane in the follow-up A/O device is ensured not to be blocked, and the stable operation of an ultrafiltration system is ensured. After the wastewater is subjected to oil removal and air floatation treatment, the removal rate of animal and vegetable oil can be ensured to reach more than 98%.
As optimization, the A/O device comprises a primary denitrification tank, a primary nitrification tank, a secondary denitrification tank, a secondary nitrification tank and an ultrafiltration membrane tank which are sequentially connected, wherein a water inlet of the primary denitrification tank is connected with a water outlet of the self-cleaning filter, a water outlet of the primary denitrification tank is connected to a water inlet of the primary nitrification tank, and the primary nitrification tank is provided with a first return port connected to the primary denitrification tank; the water outlet of the first-stage nitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage denitrification tank, the water outlet of the second-stage denitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage nitrification tank, and the water outlet of the second-stage nitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane tank; the primary denitrification tank and the secondary denitrification tank are both provided with adding ports for adding a carbon source; the ultrafiltration membrane tank is used for separating sludge and water of the wastewater, and is provided with a second return port for returning sludge, and the second return port is respectively connected to the primary denitrification tank and the sludge conditioning tank; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane pool is connected to an ultrafiltration water outlet pool, a pump is arranged in the ultrafiltration membrane pool and used for pumping the filtrate of the ultrafiltration membrane pool into the ultrafiltration water outlet pool, and the water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet pool is connected to the Fenton device.
Thus, the denitrification tank is in an anoxic state, and the nitrification tank is in an aerobic state; specifically, the effluent of the primary denitrification tank enters the primary nitrification tank through the communicating holes, the primary nitrification tank adopts disc type jet aeration, most organic pollutants in the sewage are degraded in the nitrification tank through the action of high-concentration aerobic microorganisms, and ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate under the action of nitrifying bacteria.
The effluent of the primary nitrification tank enters a secondary denitrification tank, and after primary denitrification, the unremoved ammonia nitrogen is subjected to secondary denitrification in the unit, so that nitrate nitrogen is further removed, and the total nitrogen removal rate is improved; in addition, because the disc efflux aeration mode that has adopted in the first order nitrification tank to oxygenate, aeration stirring intensity is very big, can produce a certain amount of biological foam, through setting up the second grade denitrification tank, realizes the foam degasification, can prevent effectively that the foam from spilling over, sets up the stirring of dive mixer in the second grade denitrification tank, strengthens the muddy water contact.
The effluent of the secondary denitrification tank enters a secondary nitrification tank to generate more thorough nitrification, so that the ammonia nitrogen is further reduced; moreover, the contaminants that are not removed in the primary nitrification tank are further degraded in the tank. The mixed liquid in the secondary nitrification tank flows to the ultrafiltration membrane tank automatically to carry out mud-water separation, clear water enters the ultrafiltration water production tank, and sludge flows back to the primary denitrification tank. Meanwhile, in order to achieve a better total nitrogen removal effect, a glucose solution (carbon source) is added into the secondary denitrification tank, so that the nutrient balance is met, and the total nitrogen is removed.
Blast aeration is connected in the ultrafiltration membrane tank, so that each ultrafiltration membrane can obtain gas scouring force uniformly, and sludge and other impurities are prevented from being adhered to membrane wires; the mixed liquid in the ultrafiltration membrane pool continuously flows through the hollow fiber membrane in a cross flow mode, the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is continuously scrubbed, and clean water permeates through the hollow fiber membrane and is discharged into an ultrafiltration water outlet pool under the suction action of an ultrafiltration water pump. The built-in ultrafiltration membrane has fine aperture, sludge and other impurities can not penetrate through the built-in ultrafiltration membrane and are intercepted in a liquid mixture, and the sludge and other impurities flow back to enter a first-stage denitrification tank for secondary treatment and are finally decomposed by activated sludge; the ultrafiltration membrane tank is used for carrying out mud-water separation on the effluent of the secondary nitrification tank, and the sludge at the bottom is returned to the primary denitrification tank, so that the sludge concentration of the whole A/O biological reaction tank is increased, and the reaction efficiency of nitrification and denitrification is improved.
And optimally, backwashing ports are also connected in the ultrafiltration water outlet tank and the ultrafiltration membrane tank, and acid and alkali are added into the backwashing ports to enter the ultrafiltration membrane tank for backwashing so as to ensure that the ultrafiltration membrane is not blocked.
As optimization, the Fenton device comprises a Fenton reaction tank and a Fenton sedimentation tank, a water inlet of the Fenton reaction tank is connected with a water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet tank, a water outlet of the Fenton reaction tank is connected with a water inlet of the Fenton sedimentation tank, and a water outlet of the Fenton sedimentation tank is connected to the BAF device; the lower part of the Fenton sedimentation tank is provided with a sludge storage cavity, the bottom of the sludge storage cavity is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet is connected to the sludge tank.
In the Fenton reaction, under the condition that the pH value is 2-4, ferrous ions catalyze hydrogen peroxide to decompose to generate hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing capability, and the molecular structure of organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in sewage is subjected to oxidative decomposition through the strong oxidizing effect of the hydroxyl radicals, so that macromolecular substances are converted into small molecular substances, and most of the organic matters are directly mineralized into carbon dioxide and water; meanwhile, ferrous ions are oxidized into ferric ions, the pH is adjusted back to 7-8 by adding alkali liquor to form ferric hydroxide precipitate, and flocculation reaction is carried out under the action of an auxiliary coagulant aid PAM, so that part of organic matters in the wastewater can be removed through precipitation; the Fenton process is a double process of hydroxyl radical oxidation and ferric salt flocculation and precipitation, can effectively remove organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in the wastewater, and greatly reduces COD.
As optimization, the BAF device comprises a BAF pool for deeply denitrifying wastewater, a clean water pool for temporarily storing supernatant and an outer drainage pool, wherein a water outlet of the BAF pool is connected to a water inlet of the clean water pool; the bottom of the clean water tank is provided with a third backflow port for backwashing, the third backflow port is connected into the BAF device for backwashing, the upper end of the clean water tank is provided with a liquid outlet for supernatant overflow, and the liquid outlet is connected to an outer drainage tank.
Thus, the BAF device belongs to a biomembrane process, has multiple functions of biological oxidation, biological flocculation and filtration interception, and has the characteristics of strong shock resistance and good treatment effect, COD and chromaticity of the wastewater are obviously reduced after the wastewater passes through the Fenton device, meanwhile, the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and favorable conditions are created for deep TN removal.
As optimization, the BAF pool is provided with a primary DN-BAF pool, a primary DC-BAF pool, a secondary DN-BAF pool and a secondary DC-BAF pool which are arranged in sequence, a middle water pool is arranged between the primary DC-BAF pool and the secondary DN-BAF pool, net-shaped wide-hole fillers are arranged in the BAF pool, and a large number of biological membranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached to the fillers.
Thus, the adoption of the two-stage BAF process can improve the removal rate of the total nitrogen, the stability is higher, particularly, the DN-BAF tank is a denitrification type BAF, the DC-BAF tank is a decarburization type BAF, in the DN-BAF, because the BOD5/TN value in the wastewater is still lower, a supplementary carbon source needs to be added, the thorough denitrification is realized to remove TN, and the effluent is subjected to the subsequent DC-BAF to further reduce pollutants such as COD, BOD, SS, total phosphorus and the like in the wastewater; a large amount of biological films and activated sludge zoogloea attached on the filler are in a suspension state in water, aeration is carried out at the bottom of the reactor to provide filler fluid power and reaction oxygen consumption, when sewage passes through the biological films on the surface of the filler, the sewage is fully transferred with pollution factors to carry out aerobic degradation and nitration reaction, and denitrification reaction is realized in an anoxic unit.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the treatment system, the high-concentration NH3-N and TN in the wastewater are effectively removed by combining the physicochemical pretreatment, the biochemical treatment and the advanced treatment process, the removal rate of the total nitrogen is improved, the high-standard discharge requirement is met, the operation cost is saved, the wastewater discharge standard can be reached, and the operation cost is lower.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the biochemical processing system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the deep processing system of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the system comprises a pretreatment system 1, a biochemical treatment system 2, an advanced treatment system 3, a first grid 4, a screw conveyor 5, a sewage tank 6, an oil-separating sedimentation tank 7, a rotary drum grid machine 8, an air flotation tank 9, a sludge tank 10, a third grid 11, a regulating tank 12, a self-cleaning filter 13, a primary denitrification tank 14, a primary nitrification tank 15, a secondary denitrification tank 16, a secondary nitrification tank 17, an ultrafiltration membrane tank 18, a built-in ultrafiltration membrane 19, an ultrafiltration water outlet tank 20, a sludge conditioning tank 21, a Fenton reaction tank 22, a Fenton sedimentation tank 23, a primary DN-BAF tank 24, a primary DC-BAF tank 25, a middle water tank 26, a secondary DN-BAF tank 27, a secondary DC-BAF tank 28 and a clean water tank 29.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the kitchen wastewater treatment system in this embodiment includes a pretreatment system 1 for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oils, and partial COD in wastewater, a biochemical treatment system 2 for performing denitrification treatment on wastewater, and an advanced treatment system 3 for performing advanced denitrification treatment on wastewater; the pretreatment system 1 comprises a demulsification coagulation device, and the biochemical treatment system 2 comprises an A/O device for biological denitrification; the water inlet of the A/O device is connected to the water outlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device; the advanced treatment system 3 comprises a Fenton device for removing nonbiodegradable organic matters in the wastewater and a BAF device for deeply denitrifying the wastewater.
When the treatment system is used, because the kitchen waste wastewater contains a large amount of vegetable oil, animal oil (beef tallow, lard) and suspended solids, after the kitchen waste wastewater enters the emulsion breaking coagulation device, emulsified oil and dispersed oil in the wastewater are destabilized and emulsion broken under the action of the emulsion breaker, oil-water separation is realized, colloid particles and hydrophilic pollutants in the wastewater are destabilized and coagulated through electric neutralization, hydrophobic organic matters and tiny suspended solids are flocculated, and then, the sludge-water separation is realized through gravity settling or dissolved air floating, so that COD, BOD, SS, chroma, heavy metal elements and the like in the water are removed. After the pretreated kitchen wastewater flows to an A/O device for nitration/denitrification reaction, residual nonbiodegradable organic matters such as COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chromaticity and the like are contained in the discharge liquid after nitration/denitrification reaction; after biochemical treatment, the effluent flows to the advanced treatment system 3, COD and BOD in the effluent can be further removed through a Fenton device in the advanced treatment system 3, then the effluent flows to a BAF device, under the action of biochemical denitrification in the BAF device, the removal of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the effluent is completed, and finally the effluent reaches the standard and is discharged. The treatment system effectively removes high-concentration NH3-N and TN in the wastewater by combining the physicochemical pretreatment, the biochemical treatment and the advanced treatment process, improves the removal rate of total nitrogen, meets the high-standard discharge requirement, saves the operation cost, can reach the wastewater discharge standard, and has lower operation cost.
In a specific embodiment, the pretreatment system further comprises a sewage tank 6 and an oil separation sedimentation tank 7 which are arranged at the front end of the demulsification and coagulation device, wherein a water inlet of the sewage tank 6 is used for receiving and temporarily storing the kitchen wastewater, a first grid 4 is arranged in the sewage tank 6 and used for filtering large-particle solid pollutants in the kitchen wastewater, a cyclone sand precipitator capable of separating sand grains from heavy impurities is arranged between a water outlet of the sewage tank 6 and the oil separation sedimentation tank 7, an outlet of the cyclone sand precipitator is connected to a water inlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank 7, and a second grid for filtering particle solid pollutants is arranged in the oil separation sedimentation tank 7; grid slag on the first grid 4 and the second grid is discharged through a screw conveyor 5, a rotary drum grid machine 8 is further arranged at a water outlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank 7, and a water outlet of the rotary drum grid machine 8 is communicated with a water inlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device.
In this way, the kitchen wastewater is collected and automatically flows to a sewage pool 6, and a first grating 4 in the sewage pool 6 comprises an artificial coarse grating and a two-stage mechanical grating which are arranged in grating grooves; the distance between the artificial grids is 50mm, and the artificial grids are used for removing impurities with large particle sizes, such as bricks, stones, battens and the like at the initial debugging stage; the two-stage mechanical grating comprises a rotary grating and a screen plate type grating, the distance between grating bars of the rotary grating is 10mm, kitchen waste larger than 10mm in waste water can be intercepted, the diameter of meshes of the screen plate type grating is 5mm, kitchen waste (small slag and agglomerated floating oil) larger than 5mm is intercepted, and grating slag generated by the rotary grating and the screen plate type grating is discharged by a screw conveyer 5; after passing through the rotary type grids and the screen plate type grids, the wastewater automatically flows into a sewage tank 6, and a liftable aeration stirring device is arranged in the sewage tank 6 to prevent floating oil and sediments from hardening; the wastewater in the sewage tank 6 flows into a cyclone sand setting device, the cyclone sand setting device can separate sand grains with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 0.2mm and impurities with heavier weight in the wastewater, scum on the upper part of the cyclone sand setting device is dissolved in the water under the action of a stirring paddle, settled sand on the lower part enters a sand-water separator through air stripping to be separated from the sand water, the effluent of the cyclone sand setting device automatically flows into an oil separation sedimentation tank 7, scum (pepper shells, pepper shells and the like) which is not intercepted by a front end grating in the wastewater is removed by a second grating in the oil separation sedimentation tank 7, simultaneously settleable pollutants (pepper seeds, silt, sludge and the like) in the wastewater are removed in a sedimentation mode, the oil separation sedimentation tank 7 adopts a truss vehicle type mud scraping and sucking machine to drain the sludge deposited on the bottom and the upper part of the floating oil, the effluent of the oil separation sedimentation tank 7 automatically flows into a rotary drum machine 8, the distance between the rotary drum gratings is 2mm, kitchen waste with the grain size larger than 2mm in the wastewater can be intercepted by the grating, a, then the water outlet of the rotary drum grating machine 8 is connected with a demulsification and coagulation device.
In a specific embodiment, the demulsification and coagulation device comprises an air flotation tank 9 for treating wastewater, a demulsifier tank for storing demulsifier, a coagulant tank for storing coagulant, a coagulant aid tank for storing coagulant aid, and a regulating tank 12; the demulsifier tank, the coagulant tank and the coagulant aid tank are respectively connected to the air floatation tank 9 through dosing pumps, an air stirring device for stirring is arranged in the air floatation tank 9, the air stirring device is connected to an air source through a pipeline provided with a valve, and a water outlet of the air floatation tank 9 is connected to a regulating tank 12; a third grid 11 for filtering large-particle solid pollutants is also arranged in the air floatation tank 9, and grid slag of the third grid 11 is discharged through the screw conveyor 5; a lift pump is arranged in the adjusting tank 12, a self-cleaning filter 13 is further arranged between a water outlet at the rear end of the lift pump and a water inlet of the A/O device, and the self-cleaning filter 13 is used for removing fiber substances in sewage.
Thus, after the wastewater enters an air flotation tank 9 through a rotary drum grating machine 8, proper amounts of PAC (coagulant aid), PAM (coagulant aid) and demulsifier are respectively added into a coagulant tank, a coagulant aid tank and a demulsifier tank on the air flotation tank 9, and the wastewater is added into the air flotation tank 9 through a dosing pump; under the stirring action of the gas stirring device, a large amount of micro bubbles are released from the wastewater, so that part of fine suspended matters are attached to the micro bubbles and float on the water surface to realize slag-water separation; the coagulant and the coagulant aid enable part of fine suspended matters to be attached to the micro bubbles and float on the water surface to realize slag-water separation, so that most of suspended matters, colloid particles and part of organic pollutants in the wastewater are removed, and the turbidity and the chromaticity of the wastewater are reduced; the demulsifier breaks the structure of the emulsified oil so as to achieve the purpose of separating the emulsified oil from the liquid phase, remove residual suspended substances and colloid, and allow the oil slick to enter a sludge tank 10; the effluent of the air floatation tank 9 automatically flows into a third grating 11, namely a membrane grating, the diameter of an eyelet of the membrane grating is 1mm, fiber pollutants or suspended matters which are not removed by air floatation in the wastewater can be intercepted, grating slag generated by the membrane grating is also conveyed away by a screw conveyor 5, the effluent enters an adjusting tank 12, the adjusting tank 12 homogenizes and equalizes the wastewater, and the wastewater can be pumped into an AO device under the lifting action of a lifting pump in the adjusting tank 12; the self-cleaning filter 13 is arranged behind the lifting pump of the regulating reservoir 12 and in front of the AO device, the filtering precision is 500 microns, the fiber substances in the wastewater can be thoroughly removed, the ultrafiltration membrane in the follow-up A/O device is ensured not to be blocked, and the stable operation of an ultrafiltration system is ensured. After the wastewater is subjected to oil removal and air floatation treatment, the removal rate of animal and vegetable oil can be ensured to reach more than 98%.
In a specific embodiment, the a/O device comprises a primary denitrification tank 14, a primary nitrification tank 15, a secondary denitrification tank 16, a secondary nitrification tank 17 and an ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 which are connected in sequence, wherein a water inlet of the primary denitrification tank 14 is connected with a water outlet of the self-cleaning filter 13, a water outlet of the primary denitrification tank 14 is connected to a water inlet of the primary nitrification tank 15, and the primary nitrification tank 15 is provided with a first backflow port connected to the primary denitrification tank 14; the water outlet of the primary nitrification tank 15 is connected to the water inlet of the secondary denitrification tank 16, the water outlet of the secondary denitrification tank 16 is connected to the water inlet of the secondary nitrification tank 17, and the water outlet of the secondary nitrification tank 17 is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18; the primary denitrification tank 14 and the secondary denitrification tank 16 are both provided with adding ports for adding carbon sources; the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 is used for separating sludge and water of the wastewater, the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 is provided with a second return port for returning sludge, and the second return port is respectively connected to the primary denitrification tank 14 and the sludge conditioning tank 21; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane pool 18 is connected to an ultrafiltration water outlet pool 20, a pump is arranged in the ultrafiltration membrane pool 18 and used for pumping the filtrate in the ultrafiltration membrane pool 18 into the ultrafiltration water outlet pool 20, and the water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet pool 20 is connected to a Fenton device.
Thus, the denitrification tank is in an anoxic state, and the nitrification tank is in an aerobic state; specifically, the effluent of the primary denitrification tank 14 enters the primary nitrification tank 15 through the communicating holes, the primary nitrification tank 15 adopts disc type jet aeration, most of organic pollutants in the sewage are degraded in the nitrification tank through the action of high-concentration aerobic microorganisms, and ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate under the action of nitrifying bacteria.
The effluent of the primary nitrification tank 15 enters a secondary denitrification tank 16, and after primary denitrification, the unremoved ammonia nitrogen is subjected to secondary denitrification in the unit, so that nitrate nitrogen is further removed, and the total nitrogen removal rate is improved; in addition, because the first-level nitrification tank 15 adopts the disc jet aeration mode to oxygenate, the aeration stirring intensity is very big, can produce a certain amount of biological foam, through setting up second grade denitrification tank 16, realizes the foam degasification, can effectively prevent the foam and spill over, sets up dive mixer stirring in the second grade denitrification tank 16, strengthens the muddy water contact.
The effluent of the secondary denitrification tank 16 enters a secondary nitrification tank 17 to generate more thorough nitrification, so that the ammonia nitrogen is further reduced; moreover, the contaminants that are not removed in the primary nitrification tank 15 are further degraded in the tank. The mixed liquid in the secondary nitrification tank 17 automatically flows to the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 for mud-water separation, clear water enters the ultrafiltration water outlet tank 20, and sludge flows back to the primary denitrification tank 14. Meanwhile, in order to achieve a better total nitrogen removal effect, a glucose solution (carbon source) is added into the secondary denitrification tank 16, so that the nutrient balance is met, and the total nitrogen is removed.
Blast aeration is connected into the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 to ensure that each ultrafiltration membrane uniformly obtains gas scouring force and prevent sludge and other impurities from being adhered to membrane wires; the mixed liquid in the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 continuously flows through the hollow fiber membrane in a cross flow mode, the surface of the membrane is continuously brushed, and under the suction action of an ultrafiltration water pump, clean water permeates the hollow fiber membrane and is discharged into an ultrafiltration water outlet tank 20. The built-in ultrafiltration membrane 19 has fine aperture, sludge and other impurities can not penetrate through the built-in ultrafiltration membrane, and the sludge and other impurities are intercepted in a liquid mixture and flow back to enter the primary denitrification tank 14 for secondary treatment, and are finally decomposed by activated sludge; the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 is used for separating mud and water of the effluent of the secondary nitrification tank 17, and the sludge at the bottom returns to the primary denitrification tank 14, so that the sludge concentration of the whole A/O biological reaction tank is increased, and the reaction efficiency of nitrification and denitrification is improved.
In a specific embodiment, a backwashing port is further connected in the ultrafiltration outlet tank 20 and the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18, and acid and alkali are added into the backwashing port to enter the ultrafiltration membrane tank 18 for backwashing so as to ensure that the ultrafiltration membrane is not blocked.
In a specific embodiment, the fenton device comprises a fenton reaction tank 22 and a fenton precipitation tank 23, wherein a water inlet of the fenton reaction tank 22 is connected with a water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet tank 20, a water outlet of the fenton reaction tank 22 is connected with a water inlet of the fenton precipitation tank 23, and a water outlet of the fenton precipitation tank 23 is connected to the BAF device; the lower part of the Fenton sedimentation tank 23 is provided with a sludge storage cavity, the bottom of the sludge storage cavity is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet is connected to the sludge tank 10.
In the Fenton reaction, under the condition that the pH value is 2-4, ferrous ions catalyze hydrogen peroxide to decompose to generate hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing capability, and the molecular structure of organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in sewage is subjected to oxidative decomposition through the strong oxidizing effect of the hydroxyl radicals, so that macromolecular substances are converted into small molecular substances, and most of the organic matters are directly mineralized into carbon dioxide and water; meanwhile, ferrous ions are oxidized into ferric ions, the pH is adjusted back to 7-8 by adding alkali liquor to form ferric hydroxide precipitate, and flocculation reaction is carried out under the action of an auxiliary coagulant aid PAM, so that part of organic matters in the wastewater can be removed through precipitation; the Fenton process is a double process of hydroxyl radical oxidation and ferric salt flocculation and precipitation, can effectively remove organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in the wastewater, and greatly reduces COD.
In a specific embodiment, the BAF device comprises a BAF pool for deep denitrification of wastewater, a clean water pool 29 for temporary storage of supernatant and an external drainage pool, wherein the water outlet of the BAF pool is connected to the water inlet of the clean water pool 29; the bottom of the clean water tank 29 is provided with a third return port for back flushing, the third return port is connected to the BAF device for back flushing, the upper end of the clean water tank 29 is provided with a liquid outlet for supernatant overflow, and the liquid outlet is connected to an outer drainage tank.
Thus, the BAF device belongs to a biomembrane process, has multiple functions of biological oxidation, biological flocculation and filtration interception, and has the characteristics of strong shock resistance and good treatment effect, COD and chromaticity of the wastewater are obviously reduced after the wastewater passes through the Fenton device, meanwhile, the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and favorable conditions are created for deep TN removal.
In the specific implementation process, the BAF pool is provided with a primary DN-BAF pool 24, a primary DC-BAF pool 25, a secondary DN-BAF27 pool and a secondary DC-BAF pool 28 which are sequentially arranged, an intermediate pool 26 is arranged between the primary DC-BAF pool and the secondary DN-BAF pool, net-shaped wide-hole fillers are arranged in the BAF pool, and a large number of biological membranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached to the fillers.
Thus, the adoption of the two-stage BAF process can improve the removal rate of the total nitrogen, the stability is higher, particularly, the DN-BAF tank is a denitrification type BAF, the DC-BAF tank is a decarburization type BAF, in the DN-BAF, because the BOD5/TN value in the wastewater is still lower, a supplementary carbon source needs to be added, the thorough denitrification is realized to remove TN, and the effluent is subjected to the subsequent DC-BAF to further reduce pollutants such as COD, BOD, SS, total phosphorus and the like in the wastewater; a large amount of biological films and activated sludge zoogloea attached on the filler are in a suspension state in water, aeration is carried out at the bottom of the reactor to provide filler fluid power and reaction oxygen consumption, when sewage passes through the biological films on the surface of the filler, the sewage is fully transferred with pollution factors to carry out aerobic degradation and nitration reaction, and denitrification reaction is realized in an anoxic unit.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, while the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Kitchen wastewater treatment system, its characterized in that: comprises a pretreatment system for removing suspended matters, animal and vegetable oil and partial COD in the wastewater, a biochemical treatment system for performing denitrification treatment on the wastewater and an advanced treatment system for performing advanced denitrification treatment on the wastewater; the pretreatment system comprises a demulsification coagulation device, and the biochemical treatment system comprises an A/O device for biological denitrification; the water inlet of the A/O device is connected to the water outlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device; the advanced treatment system comprises a Fenton device for removing nonbiodegradable organic matters in the wastewater and a BAF device for deeply denitrifying the wastewater.
2. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pretreatment system further comprises a sewage tank and an oil separation sedimentation tank which are arranged at the front end of the demulsification and coagulation device, wherein a water inlet of the sewage tank is used for receiving and temporarily storing the kitchen wastewater, a first grid is arranged in the sewage tank and used for filtering large-particle solid pollutants in the kitchen wastewater, a rotational flow grit chamber is further arranged between a water outlet of the sewage tank and the oil separation sedimentation tank and can separate sand grains from heavy impurities in the sewage, an outlet of the rotational flow grit chamber is connected to a water inlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank, and a second grid for filtering the particle solid pollutants is further arranged in the oil separation sedimentation tank; grid slag on the first grid and the second grid is discharged through a screw conveyor, a rotary drum grid machine is further arranged at the water outlet of the oil separation sedimentation tank, and the water outlet of the rotary drum grid machine is communicated with the water inlet of the emulsion breaking and coagulating device.
3. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the demulsification and coagulation device comprises an air flotation tank for treating wastewater, a demulsifier tank for storing a demulsifier, a coagulant tank for storing a coagulant, a coagulant aid tank for storing a coagulant aid and a regulating tank; the system comprises a demulsifier pool, a coagulant aid pool, a regulating pool, a mixing tank, a stirring tank, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the demulsifier pool, the coagulant pool and the coagulation aid pool are respectively connected to the air flotation pool through a dosing pump; a third grid for filtering large-particle solid pollutants is also arranged in the air floatation tank, and grid slag of the third grid is discharged through the screw conveyer; the adjusting tank is internally provided with a lift pump, and a self-cleaning filter is arranged between a water outlet at the rear end of the lift pump and a water inlet of the A/O device and used for removing fiber substances in sewage.
4. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the A/O device comprises a primary denitrification tank, a primary nitrification tank, a secondary denitrification tank, a secondary nitrification tank and an ultrafiltration membrane tank which are sequentially connected, wherein a water inlet of the primary denitrification tank is connected with a water outlet of the self-cleaning filter, a water outlet of the primary denitrification tank is connected to a water inlet of the primary nitrification tank, and a first backflow port connected to the primary denitrification tank is formed in the primary nitrification tank; the water outlet of the first-stage nitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage denitrification tank, the water outlet of the second-stage denitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage nitrification tank, and the water outlet of the second-stage nitrification tank is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane tank; the primary denitrification tank and the secondary denitrification tank are both provided with adding ports for adding a carbon source; the ultrafiltration membrane tank is used for separating sludge and water of the wastewater, and is provided with a second return port for returning sludge, and the second return port is respectively connected to the primary denitrification tank and the sludge conditioning tank; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane pool is connected to an ultrafiltration water outlet pool, a pump is arranged in the ultrafiltration membrane pool and used for pumping the filtrate of the ultrafiltration membrane pool into the ultrafiltration water outlet pool, and the water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet pool is connected to the Fenton device.
5. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the ultrafiltration water outlet tank and the ultrafiltration membrane tank are also connected with backwashing ports, and the backwashing ports are added with acid and alkali to enter the ultrafiltration membrane tank for backwashing so as to ensure that the ultrafiltration membrane is not blocked.
6. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the Fenton device comprises a Fenton reaction tank and a Fenton sedimentation tank, a water inlet of the Fenton reaction tank is connected with a water outlet of the ultrafiltration water outlet tank, a water outlet of the Fenton reaction tank is connected with a water inlet of the Fenton sedimentation tank, and a water outlet of the Fenton sedimentation tank is connected to the BAF device; the lower part of the Fenton sedimentation tank is provided with a sludge storage cavity, the bottom of the sludge storage cavity is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge outlet is connected to the sludge tank.
7. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the BAF device comprises a BAF pool for deep denitrification of wastewater, a clean water pool for temporarily storing supernatant and an external drainage pool, wherein a water outlet of the BAF pool is connected to a water inlet of the clean water pool; the bottom of the clean water tank is provided with a third backflow port for backwashing, the third backflow port is connected into the BAF device for backwashing, the upper end of the clean water tank is provided with a liquid outlet for supernatant overflow, and the liquid outlet is connected to an outer drainage tank.
8. The kitchen wastewater treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the BAF pool is provided with a primary DN-BAF pool, a primary DC-BAF pool, a secondary DN-BAF pool and a secondary DC-BAF pool which are sequentially arranged, an intermediate pool is arranged between the primary DC-BAF pool and the secondary DN-BAF pool, net-shaped wide-hole fillers are arranged in the BAF pool, and a large number of biological membranes and activated sludge zoogloea are attached to the fillers.
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