Automatic locking and unlocking mechanism applied to underwater towed body for laying and recycling
Technical Field
The invention relates to underwater retraction equipment, in particular to an automatic locking and unlocking mechanism applied to an underwater towed body for deployment and recovery.
Background
The underwater towed body has very wide application on a surface ship, and can be used for the fields of topographic and geomorphic mapping, underwater target exploration, underwater object search, resource exploration and the like. At present, a carrying platform mainly depending on the underwater towed body is a large military and civil ship, the cost of human resources and the cost of equipment are very high, and the application of the underwater towed body is greatly restricted. Due to the severe marine environment and the constantly changing sea conditions, the unmanned autonomous retraction and towing operation of the underwater towed body is very difficult to realize.
The limit problem of the underwater towed body in the process of recovery or distribution is always the key of the operation process. The automatic locking and unlocking mechanism is a part of an underwater dragging body device which is automatically laid and recovered, is arranged on the sliding table mechanism through a certain mechanical structure, and is a flexible locking and unlocking structure. The mechanism is used for ensuring the safety in the process of transporting, laying and recovering the underwater towed body and has a limiting effect on the carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of limiting of a carrier when an underwater towed body is deployed and recovered autonomously based on an unmanned ship and the underwater towed body is transported at sea, the invention aims to provide an automatic locking and unlocking mechanism applied to the deployment and recovery of the underwater towed body. The mechanism is simple in structure and flexible in working mode, can ensure that the underwater towed body can be locked when yielding water in the recovery process, can control unlocking at any time when being laid, and realizes automatic locking and unlocking under the condition of no participation of people.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the locking mechanism comprises a locking mechanism mounting block, a locking inserted bar, a spring, a connecting rod, a stop lever, a mounting nut and a stop block, wherein the locking inserted bar is inserted on the sliding table mechanism and is provided with a baffle plate; the other end of the locking inserted bar is positioned outside the sliding table mechanism and is connected with one end of the connecting rod, a spring is sleeved on the locking inserted bar, and two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the baffle and the inner wall of the sliding table mechanism; the stop lever can be sleeved at the other end of the connecting rod in a relatively rotating manner and is axially linked with the connecting rod through the mounting nut; the stop block is arranged on a deck of a surface ship and is positioned on a track of the stop rod moving along with the sliding table mechanism, the thickness of the stop block is increased along the laying direction, the stop block pushes the stop rod outwards in the laying process to realize unlocking, the stop block pushes the stop rod to rotate in the recovery process, and the locking mechanism mounting block is enabled to lock the towing rod on the underwater towed body all the time in the recovery process;
wherein: the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a spigot, the upper end of the stop lever extends axially towards the surface of one side of the connecting rod to form an arc-shaped convex block, and the arc-shaped convex block rotates along with the stop lever within the range of the spigot;
the arc-shaped convex block is a quarter circle, abuts against the seam allowance in the laying process of the underwater towed body, limits the rotation of the stop lever, rotates 90 degrees in the recovery process of the underwater towed body, and realizes the rotation of the stop lever relative to the connecting rod;
one end of the locking inserted rod is a cylinder A, the other end of the locking inserted rod is a square column A, the baffle is arranged between the square column A and the cylinder A, and the square column A is provided with a bolt hole A connected with one end of the connecting rod;
one end of the locking mechanism mounting block is a plane, the other end of the locking mechanism mounting block is a cambered surface, and a round hole and a square hole A which are inserted into the locking insertion rod are respectively formed in the plane;
one end of the connecting rod is a square column B, the other end of the connecting rod is a cylinder B, and a bolt hole B connected with the other end of the locking inserted rod is formed in the square column B;
a copper sleeve is arranged in a gap between the stop lever and the other end of the connecting rod, and the copper sleeve and the stop lever are in clearance fit to realize the rotation of the stop lever; the copper sleeve is fixed through a mounting nut;
automatic locking and unlocking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the moving direction of the sliding table mechanism, and the automatic locking and unlocking mechanisms on the two sides act synchronously.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the underwater towing body locking and unlocking device has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and precision and flexible working mode, and can automatically lock and unlock the underwater towing body in an unmanned working environment; the underwater towed body positioning device can ensure the safety in the process of transporting, laying and recovering the underwater towed body, and has a limiting effect on the carrier.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention except for a stopper;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention except for the stopper installed on the sliding table mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a towing bar of the underwater towed body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an unlocking process when the underwater towed body is deployed according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic view illustrating an unlocking process when the underwater towed body is deployed according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the construction of the present invention in which the blocking lever is rotated counterclockwise when the underwater towed body is being recovered;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of the structure of the invention for the anti-clockwise rotation of the stop lever when recovering the underwater towed body;
FIG. 10 is a front elevational view of the locking mechanism mounting block of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the locking bayonet of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a connecting rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the stop lever of the present invention;
wherein: 1 is locking mechanism installation piece, 101 is the round hole, 102 is square hole A, 2 is the locking inserted bar, 201 is cylinder A, 202 is the baffle, 203 is bolt hole A, 204 is square column A, 3 is the spring, 4 is the connecting rod, 401 is cylinder B, 402 is square column B, 403 is bolt hole B, 404 is the tang, 405 is square hole B, 5 is the pin, 501 is the arc lug, 6 is the copper sheathing, 7 is mounting nut, 8 is the slide rail, 9 is the pneumatic cylinder, 10 is slip table mechanism, 11 is the body that drags under water, 12 is the dog, 13 is the tow bar.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The deck of the surface naval vessel is provided with a slide rail 8, a hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixed on the slide rail 8, and the output end is hinged with a sliding table mechanism 10. Automatic locking and unlocking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the moving direction of the sliding table mechanism 10, and the automatic locking and unlocking mechanisms on the two sides act synchronously.
Taking an automatic locking and unlocking mechanism on one side as an example, as shown in fig. 1-5, the automatic locking and unlocking mechanism comprises a locking mechanism mounting block 1, a locking inserted bar 2, a spring 3, a connecting rod 4, a stop lever 5, a copper bush 6, a mounting nut 7 and a stop block 12, wherein the locking inserted bar 2 is movably inserted on a sliding table mechanism 10, a baffle plate 202 is arranged on the locking inserted bar 2, the locking mechanism mounting block 1 and the baffle plate 202 are both positioned in a main shell of the sliding table mechanism 10, and the locking mechanism mounting block 1 is inserted into one end of the locking inserted bar 2; the other end of the locking inserted bar 2 is located outside the sliding table mechanism 10 and is connected with one end of the connecting bar 4, the locking inserted bar 2 is sleeved with a spring 3, and two ends of the spring 3 are respectively abutted against the baffle 202 and the inner wall of the sliding table mechanism 10. The upper end of the stop lever 5 is annular and can be sleeved at the other end of the connecting rod 4 in a relatively rotating manner, a copper sleeve 6 is arranged in a gap between the stop lever 5 and the other end of the connecting rod 4, the copper sleeve 6 is in clearance fit with the stop lever 5 to realize the rotation of the stop lever 5, and the copper sleeve 6 is fixed through a mounting nut 7; the stop lever 5 can rotate relative to the connecting rod 4 and can be axially interlocked with the connecting rod 4 through the mounting nut 7. The check block 12 is installed on a deck of a surface vessel and located on a track where the stop lever 5 moves along with the sliding table mechanism 10, the thickness of the check block 12 is increased along the arrangement direction, the check block 12 pushes the stop lever 5 outwards in the arrangement process to realize unlocking, the check block 12 pushes the stop lever 5 to rotate in the recovery process, and the locking mechanism installation block 1 locks the towing rod 13 on the underwater towing body 11 all the time in the recovery process.
As shown in fig. 10, one end of the locking mechanism mounting block 1 is a plane, the other end is an arc surface, a square hole a102 is formed in the middle of the plane, and a circular hole 101 is concentrically formed in the square hole a 102.
As shown in fig. 11, one end of the locking inserted bar 2 is a cylinder a201, the other end is a square column a204, and a baffle 202 is arranged between the square column a204 and the cylinder a 201; the square column a204 is extended from the square hole C of the slide table mechanism 10, and the extended portion is provided with a bolt hole a203 connected with one end of the connecting rod 4. A cylinder A201 at one end of the locking inserted rod 2 is inserted into a round hole 101 in the middle of the locking mechanism mounting block 1, and a baffle plate 202 is inserted into a square hole A102.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, one end of the connecting rod 4 is a square column B402 and the other end is a column B401, and the square column B402 is provided with a bolt hole B403 connected to the other end of the lock plunger 2. The square column A204 of the locking inserted bar 2 is inserted into the square hole B405 in the upper column B402 of the connecting bar 4 and fixed by bolt connection. The other end of connecting rod 4 is equipped with tang 404, and the ring cover of pin 5 upper end is on cylinder B401, and copper sheathing 6 is located between cylinder B401 and the ring to it is fixed by threaded connection in the installation nut 7 on cylinder B401. The upper end ring of the stop lever 5 axially extends towards the surface of one side of the connecting rod 4 to form an arc-shaped convex block 501, the arc-shaped convex block 501 is a quarter circle, the arc-shaped convex block 501 is abutted against the stop opening 404 in the distribution process of the underwater towed body 11 to limit the rotation of the stop lever 5, and rotates 90 degrees along with the stop lever 5 in the range of the stop opening 404 in the recovery process of the underwater towed body 11 to realize the rotation of the stop lever 5 relative to the connecting rod 4.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the locking state and the dragging operation process, the locking inserted bar 2 is in the innermost state under the action of the pretightening force of the spring 3.
When the underwater towed body 11 is deployed, unlocking is required, and the process is shown in fig. 6 and 7. When the hydraulic cylinder 9 pushes the slide table mechanism 10 to move on the slide rail 8 past the stopper 12, since the thickness of the stopper 12 is gradually increased, the stopper rod 5 passes by the outside of the stopper 12 and moves outward by the pressing action of the outer surface of the stopper 12. The arc-shaped bump 501 on the stopper 5 abuts against the spigot 404 on the connecting rod 4, so that the stopper 5 cannot rotate, the connecting rod 4 is driven by the mounting nut 7, the connecting rod 4 drives the locking insertion rod 2 to move outwards, and then the locking mechanism mounting block 1 is separated from the towing rod 13, and unlocking is completed. In the process, the stop lever 5 cannot rotate clockwise through the mechanical matching relationship between the connecting rod 4 and the stop lever 5.
When the underwater towed body 11 is recovered, when the head of the towing rod 13 shown in fig. 4 enters the sliding table mechanism 10, under the extrusion of the head of the towing rod 13, the locking mechanism mounting block 1 drives the locking inserted rod 2 to extrude the spring 3, so that the head of the towing rod 13 can enter; when the head of the towing rod 13 completely enters, the locking inserted rod 2 rebounds under the elastic action of the spring 3 to realize locking.
During the recovery of the underwater towed body 11, the blocking lever 5 again passes the stop 12. In the recovery process, it needs to be ensured that the locking mechanism mounting block 1 always keeps a locking state on the towing rod 13, therefore, the stop block 12 pushes the stop rod 5, the arc-shaped convex block 501 on the stop rod 5 rotates within the range of the spigot 404, and through the mechanical matching relation between the connecting rod 4 and the stop rod 5, the stop rod 5 can rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise relative to the connecting rod 4 when passing through the stop block 12 in the recovery process, so that the safety and stability of the recovery process are ensured, and the locking mechanism mounting block 1 also keeps a locking state on the towing rod 13 all the time, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9.
The underwater towing device can automatically lock and unlock the underwater towed body 11 at any position on the sliding rail 8, and the underwater towed body 11 is limited on the retracting device by locking the head of the towing rod 13 on the underwater towed body, so that the stability and the safety of the underwater towed body 11 are ensured.