CN111355281A - A vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted movable energy storage system which comprises an energy storage battery cluster, a battery management system, an energy storage converter, a monitoring management platform and an automatic power supply switching system, wherein the battery management system comprises a battery stack main control system, a battery cluster management system and a battery box management system; the direct current side of the energy storage converter is connected to a control mechanism of the control cabinet, the alternating current side of the energy storage converter is connected with a power distribution system of the power distribution cabinet, the positive end and the negative end of the control cabinet are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage battery cluster, the monitoring management platform is connected with the battery stack main control system and the energy storage converter through the local area network, the battery stack main control system is connected with the battery cluster management system and the battery box management systems through the CAN bus, and the battery stack main control system is further connected with the energy storage converter through the RS485 bus. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system can provide emergency power supply with quick response, low noise and less pollution; the battery energy storage system is utilized as an emergency power supply in a gradient manner, so that the charging and discharging can be repeated, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the decommissioning battery can be consumed conveniently.

Description

A vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system

technical field

The invention relates to an energy storage system, in particular to a vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system.

Background technique

With the vigorous development of new energy technology, the scale of the electric vehicle market continues to grow, and the number of electric vehicles has risen sharply. The accompanying problem is that a large number of retired power batteries need to be dealt with urgently. However, the power battery retired from the vehicle still has considerable capacity and great utilization value. Finding a suitable way for cascade utilization is a commonly recognized treatment method.

The electrical performance of retired power batteries has deteriorated, and safety problems such as overcharge, overdischarge, and excessive temperature rise are more likely to occur than new batteries. At the same time, the components of the battery management system that come with the retired power battery modules are also aging, and the equipment itself still has the risk of failure, which is no longer suitable for continued use. Therefore, the safety of battery operation is the primary consideration for cascade utilization, and it is essential to add multiple safety precautions.

Mobile power supply vehicle is a vehicle-mounted mobile power station designed for power supply in response to various disasters, emergencies, and work sites. It is characterized by mobility, flexibility and strong adaptability. At present, mobile power vehicles are mostly powered by diesel generators or gasoline generators, which is indeed an economical and practical solution. But it must carry a large amount of diesel or gasoline, which generates a lot of noise and exhaust pollution while generating electricity. This situation is not allowed in conference centers, hospitals, schools, etc.

Applying retired power batteries to mobile power vehicles in batches can not only meet the emergency power supply requirements, but also meet the energy conservation and environmental protection needs of large-scale echelon utilization of retired power batteries. Therefore, the safe and reliable on-board cascade utilization mobile energy storage system will become one of the important application fields of cascade utilization batteries.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems of high safety hazard in the cascade utilization of power batteries and high noise and heavy pollution of emergency power supply vehicles, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system as a mobile power source, using a retired power battery as an energy storage medium, and an energy storage converter as the energy storage medium. Two-way energy conversion equipment, general-purpose truck provides power and carrying platform, and is equipped with fire protection system and power automatic switching system, with black start function.

The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system, comprising an energy storage battery cluster, a battery management system, an energy storage converter, a monitoring management platform and an automatic power supply switching system,

The battery management system is used to monitor the working status of the energy storage battery cluster and implement its protection;

The energy storage converter is used to realize continuous conversion of AC and DC power of electrical energy and millisecond-level switching with external systems;

Monitoring and management platform for real-time on-site monitoring and control of the entire energy storage system;

The power supply automatic switching system is used for the energy storage system to automatically switch the mains power supply and the battery cluster power supply under different working modes, so that the system has the black start function.

In the above technical solution, further, the battery management system includes a battery stack main control system, a battery cluster management system and a battery box management system; the DC side of the energy storage converter is connected to the control mechanism of the control cabinet, so The AC side of the energy storage converter is connected to the power distribution system of the power distribution cabinet, the positive end and the negative end of the control cabinet are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage battery cluster, and the monitoring and management platform communicates with the battery through the local area network. The stack main control system is connected with the energy storage converter, the battery stack main control system is connected with the battery cluster management system and a plurality of battery box management systems through the CAN bus, and the battery stack main control system is also connected with the RS485 bus. The energy storage converter is connected, and the automatic power supply switching system automatically switches two power supply modes: the commercial power supply and the battery cluster power supply.

In the above technical solution, further, the control cabinet integrates a battery stack main control system, a battery cluster management system and a DC high voltage control mechanism.

In the above technical solution, further, the DC high voltage control mechanism is mainly composed of a circuit breaker, a contactor, a fuse, a shunt and a switching power supply, and is used for closing and opening control of the main circuit.

In the above technical solution, further, the automatic power supply switching system is mainly composed of an automatic switching device and a power supply module, wherein the first input end of the automatic switching device is connected to the container output device, which is obtained from a three-phase AC380V alternating current. The second input end of the automatic switching device is connected with the output end of the power supply module; the output end of the automatic switching device is connected with the power supply bus AC220V; The output terminal is connected to the power supply bus.

Further, the monitoring and management platform monitors energy storage battery clusters, battery management systems, energy storage converters, fire protection systems, lighting systems, thermal management systems and warning lights.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Apply the retired battery energy storage system to emergency repair (insurance) vehicles, promote the popularization and application of retired power batteries, ensure the emergency supply of electric energy at any time, and help reduce emissions and comprehensively utilize clean energy efficiently.

(2) The use of general-purpose trucks as the carrying system and power system enables the energy storage system to have better mobility and adaptability, and promotes the development of flexible and diversified application scenarios of the energy storage system.

(3) Realize zero-millisecond switching through PCS, which has good application potential in occasions with high requirements on power supply stability and power quality.

(4) The automatic power supply switching system is configured, so that the energy storage system has the black start function, which increases the reliability of emergency power supply.

The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system can provide emergency power supply with fast response, low noise and low pollution; the battery energy storage system is used as emergency power supply in stages, which not only can be repeatedly charged and discharged, saves energy and is environmentally friendly, but also facilitates the consumption of retired batteries.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the outline drawing of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the internal structure of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another side of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

5 is a top view of the internal structure of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the internal structure diagram of the control cabinet of the present invention.

7 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cabinet of the present invention

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an electrical connection diagram of the automatic power switching system of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of the DC high voltage control mechanism of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The energy storage equipment and cables are integrated in the container. The energy storage equipment includes the energy storage battery cluster, the battery management system (BMS), the energy storage converter (PCS), the monitoring management platform, and the power automatic switching system.

The battery management system includes a battery stack main control system, a battery cluster management system and a battery box management system. The container 21 is divided into four compartments from the front to the rear of the vehicle by three partitions 20 . A side sliding door 13 is provided on each partition to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of equipment and cables.

The general-purpose truck 30 is used as the power system and bearing system of the entire container, so that the container has good mobility and flexibility. The appearance is shown in Figure 1.

The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2. The energy storage converter is used as a bidirectional energy conversion device. The DC side of the energy storage converter is connected to the control mechanism of the control cabinet, and the AC side of the energy storage converter is connected to the power distribution system of the power distribution cabinet. The positive and negative terminals of the control cabinet are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage battery cluster. The monitoring and management platform monitors the energy storage battery cluster, battery management system, energy storage converter, fire protection system, lighting system, thermal management system and warning lights. , the monitoring and management platform is connected with the battery stack main control system and the energy storage converter through the local area network, the battery stack main control system is connected with the battery cluster management system and multiple battery box management systems through the CAN bus, and the battery stack main control system is also connected through RS485 The bus is connected with the energy storage converter, and the power automatic switching system automatically switches between the two power supply modes of the mains power supply and the battery cluster power supply.

The first compartment is the operation room, which is equipped with a workbench 1, a work chair 2 and a monitoring host 3. The monitoring host 3 is wall-mounted and installed on the wall of the carriage, which is convenient for operators to view. The monitoring host is equipped with a monitoring management platform for real-time on-site monitoring and control of the entire energy storage system. A controller 4 is also installed in the first compartment for controlling the power supply of monitoring equipment, lighting and fire fighting equipment in the compartment. A single door 5 is provided on the wall of the first compartment, and a boarding ladder 22 is arranged below the single door, so as to facilitate the operator to enter and exit the operating room. The internal structure of the container is shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5.

The second compartment is the control room, equipped with control equipment such as energy storage converter (PCS) cabinet 6, control cabinet 8, power distribution cabinet 7, etc., which are used to control the charging and discharging of energy storage battery clusters and realize emergency power supply of mobile energy storage systems. and charging.

The PCS is double-configured with reference to the design power to ensure the reliability of power conversion and the even distribution of container weight, which is beneficial to system safety. The DC side of the two PCS cabinets is connected to the power output terminal of the control cabinet, and the AC side is connected to the input terminal of the power distribution cabinet, which is used to realize continuous conversion of AC and DC power of electric energy and millisecond-level switching with external systems. The control cabinet 8 integrates the battery stack main control system 81, the battery cluster management system 82 and the DC high-voltage control mechanism, which are used to collect the voltage, current, ambient temperature, and insulation resistance signals of the battery cluster, and at the same time control the on-off of the power circuit. Control the charging and discharging of battery clusters.

The DC high-voltage control mechanism is mainly composed of a circuit breaker 83, a contactor 84, a fuse 85, a shunt 86 and a switching power supply 87, and is used for the main circuit closing and opening control. The structure is shown in Figure 6. The circuit schematic diagram of the DC high voltage control mechanism is shown in Figure 10.

The input of the control cabinet 8 is connected to the battery cluster of the third compartment. The output end of the power distribution cabinet is connected to the input and output devices of the entire container. The second compartment is provided with a side door 18 on the same side of the compartment wall as the single door opened in the first compartment, for loading and unloading the battery cabinet and the equipment panel cabinet.

The third compartment is the battery room, which is mainly used to install retired battery clusters. Each battery cluster is composed of several battery boxes 9 in series and parallel, all of which are fixed on the battery rack 10, as shown in FIG. 7 . The battery box 9 is equipped with a battery box management system 88 for monitoring the voltage, temperature and internal resistance information of the batteries in the battery box in real time. The positive and negative terminals of the battery cluster are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the control cabinet, respectively. The bottom of the battery rack 10 and the side near the carriage are equipped with shock absorbers 26, which can effectively eliminate vibration during driving and working, and reduce damage to the battery and the connection system. Considering heat dissipation and reducing the spread of fire, multiple battery clusters are arranged close to the compartment wall in a way that is the farthest from each other. A maintenance channel is reserved in the middle of the third compartment to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of abnormal battery boxes.

The fourth compartment is used to install the cable winch 11, and an electric rolling shutter door 31 and a pull-out ladder 32 are arranged at the rear of the vehicle to facilitate the operation of retracting and unwinding cables. A locker 12 is installed in the compartment for storing operating tools and items. The electric motor, special interface for fast cable and supporting cable equipped with the cable winch can quickly and easily put the energy storage system into emergency power supply. The partition side sliding door 13 between the fourth compartment and the third compartment can be used as a transport channel for the battery box. See Figures 8 and 5.

Lighting lamps 14 are installed in each compartment, and a fire fighting system consisting of a smoke alarm 15 and a fire extinguishing cabinet 16 is installed in the second and third compartments for fire fighting. In addition, an on-board air conditioner 17 is installed on the top of the compartment, a ventilation fan 19 is installed on the top of the third compartment, and each compartment is provided with an air-conditioning inlet and outlet for thermal management and ventilation in the compartment.

The system provides an automatic power switching system for the control equipment power supply, lighting, vehicle air conditioner, ventilation fan and other equipment, as shown in Figure 9. It is mainly composed of an automatic switching device (ATS) and a power module (DC/AC). Among them, the first input end of the automatic switching device ATS is connected with the container output device, which is taken from one phase of three-phase (AC380V) alternating current; the second input end is connected with the output end of the power module; the output end is connected with the power supply bus (AC220V) connected. The power module converts the DC voltage into AC220V voltage unidirectionally, the input terminal is connected to the DC bus, and the output terminal is connected to the power supply bus.

In this technical solution, by controlling the working state of the energy storage system, the battery cluster can be kept safe during the emergency power supply process, and the system has low noise and no emissions; the energy storage battery is electrically connected to the power inverter system, and can be stored in an emergency The DC power in the energy storage battery is converted into power frequency low-voltage AC power to provide a three-phase stable AC voltage; when the battery cluster needs to be charged, the input and output devices are connected to the AC charging pile, and the battery cluster is charged through the energy storage converter PCS. The automatic switching device ATS can also ensure that the control equipment, lighting system and dynamic ring system can maintain normal power supply in any working state, and at the same time, it has the black start function, which improves the reliability.

for example:

Taking a mobile energy storage vehicle with a total power of 200kWh and a total power of 100kW as an example, two clusters of 672V150Ah retired lithium iron phosphate power battery clusters are configured. Each cluster of batteries consists of 18 battery boxes connected in series, and each battery box contains 12 strings of batteries. The power is 5.76kWh. The electric cable winch is equipped with a special interface for fast cables and a 40-meter-long cable. The electric cable winch has a manual switch control for retracting and unwinding the cable. The input and output of the energy storage system are AC380V, 50Hz three-phase alternating current.

The energy storage container equipment includes: 2 sets of energy storage battery clusters, 2 sets of BMS, 2 sets of 50kW PCS, 1 set of monitoring management system, 1 set of power distribution system, 1 set of thermal management system, 1 set of fire protection system, 1 set of automatic power supply switching system, 1 set of lighting system, 1 set of electric cable winch, 1 set of warning light. Among them, the battery management system includes 1 set of battery stack main control system, 2 sets of battery cluster management system and 36 sets of battery box management system. The container is divided into four compartments from the front to the rear with three partitions. Each partition has a side sliding door for inspection and maintenance of equipment and cables. The general-purpose truck serves as the power system and carrying system of the entire container.

The operation room is equipped with a workbench, a work chair, a monitoring host and a set of explosion-proof lights. The monitoring host is wall-mounted on the wall of the carriage. It is used to monitor and control the work of the entire energy storage system on-site in real time. A controller is also installed in the operating room to control the power supply of monitoring equipment, lighting and fire fighting equipment in the compartment. There is a single door on the wall of the operation room, and a boarding ladder is set under the single door.

The control room is equipped with 2 PCS cabinets, 1 control cabinet, 1 power distribution cabinet, 1 set of fire extinguishing cabinets, 1 set of smoke alarms and 2 sets of explosion-proof lights. Each PCS cabinet is installed with a 50kW PCS, the AC side voltage is 400V, and the DC side voltage is 600V~900V, which is used for AC/DC power conversion. The DC side of the two PCS is connected to the power output terminal of the control cabinet, and the AC side is connected to the input terminal of the power distribution cabinet; the control cabinet integrates 1 set of battery stack main control system, 2 sets of battery cluster management system and 2 sets of DC high voltage control system. Mechanism that manages battery cluster charging and discharging. The DC high-voltage control mechanism is mainly composed of circuit breakers, DC contactors, fuses, shunts and switching power supplies, which are used for main circuit closing and opening control. The structure is shown in Figure 6. The input terminal of the control cabinet is connected to the battery cluster in the battery room. The output end of the power distribution cabinet is connected to the input and output devices of the entire container. A pair of doors is set on the same side of the compartment wall as the single door opened in the control room and the operation room.

The battery room is mainly used to install retired battery clusters. Each battery cluster consists of 18 battery boxes in series and parallel, all of which are fixed on the battery rack, as shown in Figure 7. The battery box is equipped with a battery box management system, which is used to monitor the voltage, temperature and internal resistance information of the batteries in the battery box in real time. The positive and negative terminals of each battery cluster are connected to the corresponding positive and negative terminals of the control cabinet, respectively. The bottom of the battery holder and near the side of the cabin are equipped with shock absorbers. The plurality of battery clusters are arranged at positions closest to the cabin wall in a manner that is the furthest from each other. A maintenance channel is reserved in the middle of the battery compartment to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of abnormal battery boxes.

The fourth compartment is used to install a set of cable winches, and the rear of the car is equipped with an electric rolling door and a pull-out ladder to facilitate the operation of retracting and unwinding cables. Lockers are installed in the compartments to store operating tools and items. The electric motor, special interface for fast cable and supporting cable equipped with the cable winch can quickly and easily put the energy storage system into emergency power supply. The partition side sliding door between the fourth compartment and the battery compartment can be used as a transport channel for the battery box.

One on-board air conditioner is installed on the top of the compartment, two ventilation fans are installed on the top of the battery compartment, and each compartment is provided with an air-conditioning inlet and outlet for thermal management and ventilation in the compartment.

The system provides a set of automatic power supply switching system for the control equipment power supply, lighting, vehicle air conditioner, ventilation fan and other equipment, as shown in Figure 9, mainly composed of an automatic switching device (ATS) and a power supply module (DC/AC). Among them, the ATS is a CB-class 63 type 50A 2P transfer switch, and its first input end is connected to the container output device, which is taken from a certain phase of three-phase (AC380V) alternating current; the second input end is connected to the output end of the power module ; The output end is connected to the power supply bus (AC220V). The power of the power module is 300W, which converts the DC voltage into AC220V voltage unidirectionally. The input terminal is connected to the DC bus, and the output terminal is connected to the power supply bus.

The general-purpose truck is used as the carrying system, the driving force is a diesel engine, and a set of warning lights 33 is installed on the top of the front of the truck for driving warning and work warning. The carrying platform of the carriage is also equipped with 4 sets of electric support legs 23, which can realize the stable anchoring of the carriage and reduce the impact of vibration on the energy storage system during static work. The side of the carrying platform is equipped with a skirt silo 28, which is used to install the support leg controller 24, the power distribution box 25, the input and output device 26 and other equipment, and is also used to store auxiliary equipment, tools and other items. A set of lift lighting 29 is installed on the top of the carriage for safety warning and operation lighting for carriage lift.

The energy storage system has three working modes:

(1) Hot standby mode

The hot standby mode requires the energy storage system to be in the starting state for the entire power supply. At this time, the battery cluster is in a static state, the BMS is in a running state, the PCS is in a standby state, and the ATS is in a commercial power supply mode.

(2) Self-start mode

The self-start mode can start the energy storage system to supply power during a power failure. The advantage of this mode is that the energy consumption is low. At this time, the battery cluster is in the discharging state, the BMS is in the running state, the PCS is in the discharging working state, and the ATS is in the battery cluster power supply mode.

(3) Normal charging

In the parking lot, the AC side of the PCS in the mobile energy storage system is connected to the AC380V, 50Hz charging pile through the power distribution cabinet, charging interface and other equipment. After the AC/DC power is converted, the battery cluster is charged and enters the normal charging working state. At this time, the battery cluster is in the charging state, the BMS is in the running state, the PCS is in the charging working state, and the ATS is in the mains power supply mode.

When the energy storage system is being transported, all devices are powered off.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system which characterized in that: comprises an energy storage battery cluster, a battery management system, an energy storage converter, a monitoring management platform and an automatic power supply switching system,

the battery management system is used for monitoring the working state of the energy storage battery cluster and protecting the energy storage battery cluster;

the energy storage converter is used for realizing continuous conversion of electric energy alternating current and direct current power and millisecond switching with an external system;

the monitoring management platform is used for monitoring and controlling the whole energy storage system to work in real time on site;

and the automatic power supply switching system is used for automatically switching the commercial power supply and the battery cluster power supply of the energy storage system in different working modes, so that the system has a black start function.

2. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the battery management system comprises a battery stack main control system, a battery cluster management system and a battery box management system; the direct current side of the energy storage converter is connected to a control mechanism of the control cabinet, the alternating current side of the energy storage converter is connected with a power distribution system of the power distribution cabinet, the positive end and the negative end of the control cabinet are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage battery cluster, the monitoring management platform is connected with the battery stack main control system and the energy storage converter through a local area network, the battery stack main control system is connected with the battery cluster management system and the battery box management systems through a CAN bus, the battery stack main control system is further connected with the energy storage converter through an RS485 bus, and the power supply automatic switching system automatically switches two power supply modes of mains supply and battery cluster supply.

3. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the control cabinet is integrated with a cell stack main control system, a cell cluster management system and a direct-current high-voltage control mechanism.

4. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of claim 3, wherein: the direct-current high-voltage control mechanism mainly comprises a circuit breaker, a contactor, a fuse, a shunt and a switching power supply and is used for controlling the on-off of a main loop.

5. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the automatic power switching system mainly comprises an automatic switching device and a power module, wherein a first input end of the automatic switching device is connected with the container output device and is one phase of three-phase AC380V alternating current; the second input end of the automatic switching device is connected with the output end of the power supply module; the output end of the automatic switching device is connected with a power supply bus AC 220V; the power supply module converts the direct current voltage into AC220V voltage in a single direction, the input end is connected with the direct current bus, and the output end is connected with the power supply bus.

6. The vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring management platform monitors the energy storage battery cluster, the battery management system, the energy storage converter, the fire fighting system, the lighting system, the heat management system and the warning lamp.

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