CN111350652B - Fuel cell compressor test equipment and application thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell compressor test equipment and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111350652B CN111350652B CN202010026404.3A CN202010026404A CN111350652B CN 111350652 B CN111350652 B CN 111350652B CN 202010026404 A CN202010026404 A CN 202010026404A CN 111350652 B CN111350652 B CN 111350652B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/10—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring thermal variables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell compressor test device, a test method, a cooling liquid flow rate determination method and application; belonging to the field of new energy automobiles; the technical key points are as follows: it includes: the system comprises an air inlet system, an air compressor, an exhaust system and a cooling system; the air intake system includes: the system comprises an air inlet pipeline II, a hot film flowmeter I, an air inlet pipeline I, an air filter and an air inlet air conditioner; one end of the air inlet pipeline II is connected with an air inlet of the air compressor, the other end of the air inlet pipeline II is connected with one end of the first thermal film flowmeter, and the other end of the first thermal film flowmeter is connected with one end of the first air inlet pipeline; the other end of the first air inlet pipeline is connected with one end of the air filter, and the other end of the air filter is connected with the air inlet air conditioner; a hot film flow meter one is used to detect and record the air flow. The invention aims to provide test equipment and a test method for testing a fuel cell compressor, a method for determining the flow rate of cooling liquid and application, which can test the performance of the air compressor in a new energy automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air compressors of new energy automobiles, in particular to a test device for testing a fuel cell compressor and application thereof.
Background
In a fuel cell system, an air compressor is an extremely important part of the system. It is a device for converting the mechanical energy of a prime mover (usually an electric motor) into gas pressure energy, and is an air pressure generating device for compressing air. With the continuous development of fuel cells, the performance and control of the air compressor greatly affect the stability, use efficiency and other performances of the fuel cells, so that the detection of the performance of the air compressor is more important and urgent.
The fuel cell of the application tests the efficiency of the air compressor for compressing air, namely the more compressed the air, the higher the oxygen content in unit volume, determines technical parameters of the air compressor, and conveniently provides a large amount of compressed air with proper temperature and pressure for the fuel cell.
The existing test platform is simple in test on the air compressor, and corresponding research is very few.
Published studies on fuel cell air compressor test equipment are as follows:
reference 1: and the CN207229359U can independently monitor the change of each physical quantity of the air transmission system aiming at the air compressor system in real time, optimize the control mode of the fuel cell air compressor control system through the detected information, and narrow the detection fault range in the fuel cell production process.
Reference 2: the CN106286259A focuses on using the ECU to analyze the parameters fed back by the sensor assembly, determine whether the parameters are stable and meet the requirements, and change the rotation speed of the motor, so as to test the performance parameters of the air compressor under different working conditions.
Reference 3: CN110553831A, its focus is to recognize that different flowmeters need to be used at different air flow rates in order to improve the measurement accuracy.
However, the three documents mainly test parameters of the fuel cell in use. General performance tests for air compressors have not been studied, and in fact, the tests applied to air compressors for fuel cells require at least: efficiency test, start-stop characteristic test and service life test; however, the above-described air compressor of general performance has not been studied in relation thereto.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a fuel cell compressor test bed, which can detect the performance of the air compressor more comprehensively, whether in terms of detection precision or detection range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell compressor test testing device aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a testing method for a fuel cell compressor, which is directed to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.
It is a further object of the present invention to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method for determining a flow rate of a coolant for a fuel cell compressor test rig.
It is a further object of the present invention to address the above deficiencies of the prior art by providing a use of a fuel cell compressor test rig.
A fuel cell compressor test rig comprising: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet system, an air compressor (6), an exhaust system and a cooling system;
the air intake system includes: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet pipeline II (5), a hot film flowmeter I (4), an air inlet pipeline I (3), an air filter (2) and an air inlet air conditioner (1);
one end of the air inlet pipeline II (5) is connected with an air inlet of the air compressor (6), the other end of the air inlet pipeline II (5) is connected with one end of the hot film flowmeter I (4), and the other end of the hot film flowmeter I (4) is connected with one end of the air inlet pipeline I (3); the other end of the air inlet pipeline I (3) is connected with one end of the air filter (2), and the other end of the air filter (2) is connected with the air inlet air conditioner (1); the first hot film flowmeter (4) is used for detecting and recording air flow;
the exhaust system includes: the system comprises a first exhaust pipeline (7), a vortex flowmeter (8), an intercooler (9), a second exhaust pipeline (10), a second thermal film flowmeter (11) and a silencer (12);
one end of the first exhaust pipeline (7) is connected with an exhaust port of an air compressor (6), the other end of the first exhaust pipeline (7) is connected with one end of the vortex shedding flowmeter, the other end of the vortex shedding flowmeter is connected with one end of an intercooler (9), the other end of the intercooler (9) is connected with one end of the second exhaust pipeline (10), the other end of the second exhaust pipeline (10) is connected with one end of the second thermal film flowmeter (11), and the other end of the second thermal film flowmeter (11) is connected with the silencer (12); the second thermal film flowmeter (11) is used for detecting and recording the flow rate of the discharged air;
the air inlet pipeline II (5) is provided with: the air inlet pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting and recording the pressure and the temperature of the inflowing air;
the first exhaust pipeline (7) and the second exhaust pipeline (10) are respectively provided with: an exhaust pressure sensor and an exhaust temperature sensor; the air pressure and temperature detecting and recording device is used for detecting and recording the pressure and temperature of air flowing into the first exhaust pipeline (7) and the second exhaust pipeline (10).
Further, the cooling system includes: a water tank (13), a water pump (14), a main outlet pipeline (15), branch pipelines and loop pipelines; the water tank (13), the water pump (14) and the outlet main pipeline (15) are sequentially connected, the outlet main pipeline (15) is respectively connected with three branch pipelines, the three branch pipelines are connected with a loop pipeline, and the loop pipeline is connected with the water tank (13);
the cooling liquid is pumped out of the water tank (13) by the water pump (14), enters the outlet main pipeline (15), is divided into three branches, and is cooled by the intercooler (9) and the frequency converter (18) and the high-speed motor (19); and cooling liquid flows back to the water tank (13) through a loop pipeline after being cooled by the intercooler (9), the frequency converter (18) and the high-speed motor (19).
Further, the cooling system further includes: the liquid inlet flow sensor, the liquid discharge flow sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged on the three branches and are respectively used for detecting the flow, the temperature and the pressure of the liquid inlet and the liquid discharge cooling liquid of the intercooler (9), the high-speed motor (19) and the frequency converter (18).
Further, still include: a base; and the air inlet pipeline I (3), the air inlet pipeline II (5), the exhaust pipeline I (7) and the exhaust pipeline II (10) are all arranged on the base by using a support.
Further, air enters from the air inlet air conditioner (1), flows through the air filter (2), and flows through the first hot film flowmeter (4) after being cleaned, the first hot film flowmeter (4) is used for detecting the flow of the inflow air, the pressure and the temperature of the inflow air are detected when the inflow air flows through the second air inlet pipeline (5), the inflow air is compressed by the air compressor (6) and then discharged from an exhaust port of the air compressor, the inflow air flows into the first exhaust pipeline (7) and then detects the exhaust pressure and the temperature, the inflow air flows through the vortex street flowmeter (8) and records the exhaust flow, the exhaust air flows into the intercooler (9) through the vortex street flowmeter (8), the intercooler (9) cools the exhaust temperature, and the exhaust air flows into the second hot film flowmeter (11) through the second exhaust pipeline (10) and then is discharged after being silenced by the silencer; and when the exhaust gas flows through the second exhaust pipeline (10), the temperature and the pressure of the exhaust gas are detected again, and the second hot film flowmeter (11) is used for detecting the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
Further, still include: a controller;
the controller is connected with the air inlet air conditioner and can control the air flow, temperature and pressure;
the controller is connected with the water pump (14) and can adjust the liquid inlet flow, the liquid inlet pressure, the liquid inlet temperature, the liquid discharge pressure and the liquid discharge flow of the cooling liquid; all sensors are connected with the controller, namely signals collected by the sensors are transmitted to the controller.
Further, still include: DAQ (20); an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the air inlet pipeline II (5), an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the air outlet pipeline I (7), and an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the air outlet pipeline II (10);
the feed liquor flow sensor, flowing back flow sensor, pressure sensor and the temperature sensor that all set up on cooling system's three branch road, the data of above-mentioned sensor all is connected to DAQ (20), and then transmits for the controller.
A test method of a fuel cell compressor adopts the test equipment, and comprises the following steps:
the control system is started, is connected with flow, temperature and pressure sensors at each position and is used for monitoring the flow, temperature and pressure of air at each position and the flow, temperature and pressure of cooling liquid at each position;
before starting the air compressor, a cooling system in the test equipment is started, the high-speed motor is started to drive the air compressor after cooling liquid circulates once, after the air compressor operates normally, air is sucked by the air compressor and flows along a pipeline and flows out through an air filter, an air inlet pipeline I, a thermal film flowmeter I, an air inlet pipeline II, the air compressor, an exhaust pipeline I, a vortex flowmeter, an intercooler, an exhaust pipeline II, a thermal film flowmeter II and a silencer;
after the air flow, the temperature and the air intake flow, the temperature and the pressure data which are acquired by the pressure sensor and the air flow, the temperature and the air intake flow, the temperature and the pressure data which are acquired by the air outlet and the air intake flow, the temperature and the pressure data which are acquired by the pressure sensor are transmitted to the control system, the power of the air conditioner is adjusted according to the output command of the air inlet data acquisition control system, and the air intake flow, the temperature and the pressure are adjusted to the required air intake flow, the temperature and the pressure;
after the air temperature and pressure data at the air outlet and the air inlet at the second exhaust pipeline are transmitted to the control system by the pressure sensor, if the air temperature and pressure data at the second exhaust pipeline do not meet the set temperature and pressure of the discharged compressed air in the system, the control system can adjust the cooling efficiency of the intercooler, and the output quantity of the cooling liquid is adjusted by adjusting the power of the cooling water pump to be used for cooling the discharged compressed air by the intercooler, so that the temperature and the pressure of the discharged compressed air reach the set target temperature and pressure;
if the air flow sensor at the air outlet feeds back flow data which is detected by the control system and cannot meet the target flow, the upper computer sets flow parameters, and the control system can adjust the rotating speed of the air compressor so as to control the output flow of the air compressor.
A method for determining the flow rate of cooling liquid of a fuel cell compressor test device,
first, the amount of heat to be transferred by the compressed air in t time is calculated as W, which is expressed by the following formula:
W＝Cv·Q·(T1-T2)·t
wherein, T1Outputting the temperature of compressed air for an air compressor, wherein the unit is k; cvThe specific heat capacity of the compressed air with constant volume is expressed by J/(g.K); t is2Is the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the intercooler (i.e. the set temperature of the compressed air when entering the electric pile), in unitsIs k; time is t in units of s (seconds); the flow rate of the output compressed air is Q, and the unit is g/s;
the temperature of the compressed air output by the air compressor and the temperature of the compressed air passing through the intercooler are respectively measured by temperature sensors on the first exhaust pipeline and the second exhaust pipeline; q is measured based on an air flow sensor at the air compressor exhaust;
then, the coolant flow rate is calculated by:
wherein v represents the coolant flow rate in m/s.
W represents the heat transfer requirement of the compressed air in t time, and the unit is J.
C represents the specific heat capacity of the coolant, and the unit is J/(g.k).
S represents the cross-sectional area of the coolant line in m2。
ρ represents the density of the coolant in g/m3。
T3Which represents the input temperature of the cooling liquid in k, measured by a temperature sensor on the input pipe of the branch of the cooling system through the charge air cooler.
T4Which represents the output temperature of the cooling liquid, in k, measured by a sensor on the output duct of the branch of the cooling system passing through the charge air cooler.
t represents time in units of s (seconds).
Use of a fuel cell compressor test rig for testing compressor start-stop durability characteristics, comprising the steps of:
the control system sets the starting and stopping time of the high-speed motor, and the high-speed motor is continuously started and stopped so as to drive the air compressor to continuously start and stop for circulation;
the method comprises the steps of recording once every start and stop until the compressed air data monitored and recorded by the air flow, the temperature and the pressure sensor at the air outlet of the air compressor fluctuates sharply, indicating that the start and the stop of the air compressor are in failure, and indicating the durability of the start and the stop of the compressor by the recorded start and stop data.
Use of a fuel cell compressor test rig for testing compressor life durability, comprising the steps of:
the control system sets the rotating speed of the high-speed motor, and drives the air compressor to operate at a constant rotating speed, so that the operating air compressor can work continuously at a constant performance;
the air flow, the temperature and the pressure at the air outlet of the air compressor are monitored and recorded by the air flow, the temperature and the pressure sensor according to fixed interval time, the use performance of the air compressor is judged by comparing the recorded data at different times, and if the recorded data are greatly abnormal, the performance of the air compressor is shown to be failed.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in:
first, the test bench of this application includes air intake and exhaust system, cooling system, control system, power supply system and base etc to collect computer software, sensor, executor, controller in an organic whole constitution system, the user carries out the experiment condition through man-machine interface and sets for, the system is automatic to be experimented, and carry out record and curve display to experimental process data, and have historical data inquiry, curve reappearance and EXCEL report output function. The test bed is simple in structure, simple to operate, convenient to operate, high in automation degree, high in efficiency, accurate in experimental data and easy to obtain accurate data. The system is provided with a visual online data display system, and can display equipment information in real time. The test bed can realize simple, convenient and effective measurement on the performance of the air compressor. The installation is simple when using, and it is convenient to dismantle when not using, and different cooling efficiency is conveniently set for to external cooling system.
Second, the test bench of this application can change the air compressor of different models at any time to detect its performance. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, safety, reliability and simple and convenient operation. The position of experimental equipment on the bed frame of the test bed can be adjusted, the test bed can adapt to air compressors of different models, the applicability of the test bed is improved, the performance parameters of the air compressors can be tested respectively, and the test bed has the advantages of reliability in testing, easiness in manufacturing, convenience in maintenance and low cost. The whole test bed is separately installed, and flexible installation and disassembly functions are realized.
Thirdly, for the air compressor test, the first test is aimed at testing the compression efficiency of the fuel cell air compressor, the air intake system, the air compressor (6), the exhaust system, the cooling system; pressure and temperature sensors on the air inlet pipeline II and the air outlet pipeline I are necessary technical characteristics;
in the variable process, the efficiency eta of the air compressor is calculated by the formula:
P0the pressure of air entering the air compressor is measured by a pressure sensor on the air inlet pipeline II;
P1the pressure of air discharged from the air compressor is measured by a pressure sensor on a first exhaust pipeline;
T0the pressure of air entering the air compressor is measured by a temperature sensor on the air inlet pipeline II;
T1the temperature of air discharged from the air compressor is measured by a temperature sensor on a first exhaust pipeline;
wr is the input power of the air compressor, i.e. the output power of the high-speed motor 19;
m is a polytropic process exponent.
Fourth, the second set of independent claims of the present invention are test methods that define how the cooling system, the air supply system, and the air compressor operate.
Fifth, a third independent claim of the invention is a method of controlling the flow rate of a cooling liquid. The utility model provides a test equipment can direct application to the test of new energy automobile whole car, and at this moment, the temperature of compressed air process intercooler will accord with the entering fuel cell galvanic pile's that sets for temperature, therefore, through the velocity of flow of adjusting the coolant liquid, and then adjusts the temperature of compressed air behind the intercooler, is a big key, also is relevant test equipment's difficult point simultaneously. The present application presents:
that is, the controller can conveniently adjust the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the cooling system based on the related sensor.
Sixth, a fourth set of independent claims of the invention is the use of a test device; specifically, it tests the compressor start-stop durability characteristics, tests the compressor life durability, tests the compressor operating efficiency. The general-purpose device capable of simultaneously testing the three types is a large object of the invention.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which, however, the invention is not restricted.
FIG. 1 is a general layout view of an air compressor test rig of the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1-air intake air conditioning; 2-an air filter; 3-a first air inlet pipeline; 4-a first thermal film flowmeter; 5-air inlet pipe II; 6-air compressor; 7-a first exhaust duct; 8 vortex shedding flowmeter; 9-an intercooler; 10-exhaust duct two; 11-a second thermal film flowmeter; 12-a silencer; 13-a water tank; 14-a water pump; 15-outlet main pipe; 16-a circuit main conduit; 17-a power distribution cabinet; 18-a frequency converter; 19-a high speed motor; 20-DAQ; 21-an upper computer.
Detailed Description
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell compressor testing stand includes an air intake and exhaust system, a cooling system, a control system, a power supply system and a base.
Including computer software, PLC, sensor, executor, controller in system of constituteing of an organic whole, including air inlet and exhaust system, cooling system, control system, power supply system and base etc. its characterized in that: the test bench is installed on the base for the most part, air intake system includes admission line, air flowmeter, air cleaner, hotfilm flowmeter, pressure sensor and temperature sensor. The exhaust system comprises an exhaust pipeline, a vortex shedding flowmeter, an intercooler, a throttle valve, a hot film flowmeter, a silencer, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The cooling system comprises a cooling unit, a cooling pipeline and a liquid flow meter. The power supply system supplies power to the high-speed motor after the frequency of the power distribution cabinet is converted by the frequency converter so as to drive the air compressor to operate.
The measured air compressor is installed on the base, the air inlet and exhaust system is connected with the air inlet and outlet of the air compressor, the air inlet pipeline I is connected with the air filter and the hot film flowmeter I, the air inlet pipeline II is connected with the hot film flowmeter I and the air inlet of the air compressor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are installed on the pipeline of the air inlet pipeline II, the air outlet of the air compressor is connected with the exhaust pipeline I and is connected with the intercooler, the exhaust pipeline II is connected with the intercooler and the hot film flowmeter II, and the hot film flowmeter II is connected with the silencer through the exhaust pipeline. And a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the first exhaust pipeline and the second exhaust pipeline, and a vortex shedding flowmeter is arranged between the first exhaust pipeline 1 and the intercooler.
In the cooling system, the cooling unit and the cooling pipeline are connected with an intercooler, a high-speed motor and a cooling pipeline in a frequency converter to form a cooling cycle. The cooling unit liquid outlet with the cooling is total pipe connection of going out, the cooling is total pipeline of going out through the reposition of redundant personnel back, a cooling pipeline branch road exit linkage of going out the intercooler coolant liquid entry, intercooler coolant liquid exit linkage cooling circuit pipeline branch road one, two exit connections in cooling pipeline branch road the high-speed motor coolant liquid entry, high-speed motor coolant liquid exit linkage cooling circuit pipeline branch road two, three exit connections in cooling pipeline branch road the converter coolant liquid entry, converter coolant liquid exit linkage cooling circuit pipeline branch road three, cooling circuit pipeline branch road connection the total pipeline of cooling circuit, the total pipe connection cooling unit inlet of cooling circuit, clamp connection for each pipeline room. The cooling unit with between the high-speed motor cooling outlet pipeline branch road two with pressure sensor, temperature sensor, stop valve and liquid flowmeter are installed to return circuit two, the cooling unit with between the intercooler cooling outlet pipeline branch road one with temperature sensor, stop valve and liquid flowmeter are installed to cooling circuit pipeline branch road one, the cooling unit with between the converter cooling outlet pipeline branch road three with temperature sensor, stop valve and liquid flowmeter are installed to cooling circuit pipeline branch road three.
The air inlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the cooling pipeline are all stainless steel pipelines; a liquid pump is used as cooling liquid circulation power in the cooling system; measuring and controlling the flow of the cooling liquid through the flowmeter and the valve; controlling the temperature of the cooling liquid in an electric heating mode; and the pressure of the cooling liquid is measured and controlled by the valve and the pressure sensor.
The power supply of the power distribution cabinet of the power supply system is supplied to the high-speed motor after passing through the frequency converter;
the control system is a DCS system consisting of a computer, a PLC and an instrument; the air flow, the temperature and the pressure are controlled by utilizing a motor electric control technology, and the flow, the temperature and the pressure of the cooling liquid are controlled; collecting signals such as flow, temperature, pressure, differential pressure and the like of an air compressor system by adopting a sensor, and completing calculation of air inlet flow, rotating speed and working efficiency of the air compressor; automatically controlling and measuring each part according to the experiment conditions set by the user; the system has the functions of curve display, data recording, historical data query, report output and the like; the running state of the system is monitored in real time, and the system has various protection and alarm functions.
Air guarantees behind the air conditioner that admits air temperature size, process air cleaner, through inlet duct reaches hot membrane flowmeter one detects and obtains input air flow inlet duct two departments detects inlet duct temperature and pressure, then the air is imported among the air compressor after compressing in the compressor, through exhaust duct carries out temperature and pressure detection to compressed air for a moment, and compressed air gets into the intercooler cools off, after the cooling two departments of exhaust duct carry out temperature and pressure detection once more, then through the throttle valve hot membrane flowmeter the muffler discharges. The cooling system is divided into three parts and cools the intercooler, the high-speed motor and the frequency converter simultaneously.
The working process is as follows:
when the test bench detects, the test equipment is completely arranged on the test platform according to the diagram shown in fig. 1, and when the air compressor 6 detects, the cooling system on the test bench is started first, the cooling liquid is pumped out from the water tank 13 by the water pump 14, enters the main outlet pipeline 15, and then is divided into the three branches, namely the intercooler 9, the frequency converter 18 and the high-speed motor 19 for cooling.
The cooling liquid flows back to the water tank 13 through a loop pipeline after being cooled by the intercooler 9, the frequency converter 18 and the high-speed motor 19, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are arranged on all branches, the inlet and outlet temperature and pressure of the cooling liquid are detected and recorded, and a flow meter is arranged to detect the flow rate of the cooling liquid.
After cooling liquid circulates once along the cooling pipeline, the high-speed motor 19 is started, the high-speed motor 19 drives the air compressor 6 to run, air can enter from an air inlet pipeline, before the air enters the air inlet pipeline, the air temperature and the humidity are regulated and controlled by the air inlet air conditioner 1, the air with certain temperature and humidity enters the air filter 2 to filter impurities in the air and ensure the cleanliness of the air input into the fuel cell, the air enters the hot film flow meter I4 through the air inlet pipeline I3, the hot film flow meter I4 detects and records the air flow, the air enters the air compressor 6 through the air inlet pipeline II 5 and is discharged after being compressed by the air compressor, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on the air inlet pipeline II 5 to detect and record the pressure of the inflowing air, Temperature for calculation.
The air is compressed by the air compressor and then discharged through the exhaust pipeline, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are installed on the first exhaust pipeline 7, the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure are detected, the compressed air flows through the vortex flowmeter 8 and enters the intercooler 9, the vortex flowmeter 8 records the flow of the output compressed air, the intercooler 9 cools the compressed air, the temperature of the compressed air input into the fuel cell is ensured to meet the requirements, when the compressed air flows through the second exhaust pipeline 10, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor installed on the second exhaust pipeline 10 detect the compressed air, and the temperature and the pressure of the first exhaust pipeline are compared. The compressed air flows through a first hot film flowmeter 11 and is treated by a silencer 12 and then discharged. The DAQ20 collects data collected by sensors, and inputs the data into a computer to complete the calculation of the air inlet flow, the rotating speed and the working efficiency of the air compressor and analyze the performance of the air compressor.
The control system controls air flow, temperature and pressure by using a motor electric control technology, and controls flow, temperature and pressure of cooling liquid, wherein the flow, temperature and pressure of the cooling liquid comprise liquid inlet flow, liquid inlet pressure, liquid inlet temperature, liquid discharge pressure and liquid discharge flow of the cooling liquid; collecting signals such as flow, temperature, pressure, differential pressure and the like of an air compressor system by using a sensor, wherein the signals comprise air inlet flow, air inlet pressure, air inlet temperature, exhaust flow, exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, and calculating the air inlet flow, the rotating speed and the working efficiency of the air compressor; automatically controlling and measuring each part according to the experiment conditions set by the user; the system has the functions of curve display, data recording, historical data query, report output and the like.
The test method comprises the steps of testing start-stop endurance characteristics of the compressor, setting start-stop time of the high-speed motor by a control system according to a test bench shown in figure 1, and continuously starting and stopping the high-speed motor to drive the air compressor to be continuously started and stopped for circulation, wherein the start-stop time is recorded once every time the air compressor is started and stopped until compressed air data monitored and recorded by an air flow sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor at an air outlet of the air compressor fluctuates sharply to indicate that the air compressor is failed in start-stop, and the recorded start-stop data indicate the start-stop.
The test platform is assembled according to the figure 1, the control system sets the rotating speed of the high-speed motor, the air compressor is driven to operate at a constant rotating speed, the operating air compressor continuously operates at a constant performance, air flow, temperature and pressure sensors at an air outlet of the air compressor monitor and record the exhaust flow, the temperature and the pressure of the air compressor according to fixed interval time, the use performance of the air compressor is judged by comparing the recorded data at different time, and if the recorded data are greatly abnormal, the performance of the air compressor is judged to be in fault.
The test bed integrates computer software, a PLC, a sensor, an actuator and a controller into a whole to form a system, a user sets experiment conditions through a human-computer interaction interface, the system automatically conducts experiments, records and displays curves of experiment process data, and the test bed has the functions of historical data query, curve reproduction and EXCEL report output.
Furthermore, the control system monitors the running state of the system in real time and has various protection and alarm functions.
Further, the environmental box is used for controlling the environmental temperature and humidity of the air compressor, so that the air compressor can work under various environmental conditions, and the performance of the air compressor can be measured conveniently, wherein the performance comprises the conditions of high temperature, high humidity, low temperature and low humidity.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art will understand that the technical features of the present invention can be modified or changed by other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Use of a fuel cell compressor test rig, wherein the fuel cell compressor test rig is operable to calculate polytropic process indices, and is operable to test compressor start-stop durability characteristics, and is operable to test compressor life durability;
wherein, the fuel cell compressor test equipment include: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet system, an air compressor (6), an exhaust system and a cooling system; the air intake system includes: the air conditioner comprises an air inlet pipeline II (5), a hot film flowmeter I (4), an air inlet pipeline I (3), an air filter (2) and an air inlet air conditioner (1); one end of the air inlet pipeline II (5) is connected with an air inlet of the air compressor (6), the other end of the air inlet pipeline II (5) is connected with one end of the hot film flowmeter I (4), and the other end of the hot film flowmeter I (4) is connected with one end of the air inlet pipeline I (3); the other end of the air inlet pipeline I (3) is connected with one end of the air filter (2), and the other end of the air filter (2) is connected with the air inlet air conditioner (1); the first hot film flowmeter (4) is used for detecting and recording air flow; the exhaust system includes: the system comprises a first exhaust pipeline (7), a vortex flowmeter (8), an intercooler (9), a second exhaust pipeline (10), a second thermal film flowmeter (11) and a silencer (12); one end of the first exhaust pipeline (7) is connected with an exhaust port of an air compressor (6), the other end of the first exhaust pipeline (7) is connected with one end of the vortex shedding flowmeter, the other end of the vortex shedding flowmeter is connected with one end of an intercooler (9), the other end of the intercooler (9) is connected with one end of the second exhaust pipeline (10), the other end of the second exhaust pipeline (10) is connected with one end of the second thermal film flowmeter (11), and the other end of the second thermal film flowmeter (11) is connected with the silencer (12); the second thermal film flowmeter (11) is used for detecting and recording the flow rate of the discharged air; the air inlet pipeline II (5) is provided with: the air inlet pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting and recording the pressure and the temperature of the inflowing air; the first exhaust pipeline (7) and the second exhaust pipeline (10) are respectively provided with: an exhaust pressure sensor and an exhaust temperature sensor; the device is used for detecting and recording the pressure and the temperature of air flowing into the first exhaust pipeline (7) and the second exhaust pipeline (10); the vortex shedding flowmeter (8) is used for detecting and recording the exhaust flow;
further comprising: a base; the air inlet pipeline I (3), the air inlet pipeline II (5), the air outlet pipeline I (7) and the air outlet pipeline II (10) are all arranged on the base through a support; further comprising: the environment box is used for controlling the temperature and the humidity of the environment where the air compressor is located, so that the air compressor can work under various environment conditions, and the performance of the air compressor can be measured conveniently, wherein the performance comprises the conditions of high temperature, high humidity, low temperature and low humidity;
wherein, under the changeable process, the changeable process exponent calculation formula of air compressor is:
P0the pressure of air entering the air compressor is measured by a pressure sensor on the air inlet pipeline II;
P1the pressure of air discharged from the air compressor is measured by a pressure sensor on a first exhaust pipeline;
T0the pressure of air entering the air compressor is measured by a temperature sensor on the air inlet pipeline II;
T1the temperature of air discharged from the air compressor is measured by a temperature sensor on a first exhaust pipeline;
m is a polytropic process index;
wherein, use said fuel cell compressor test equipment for testing compressor start-stop endurance characteristics, it includes the following steps: the control system sets the starting and stopping time of the high-speed motor, and the high-speed motor is continuously started and stopped so as to drive the air compressor to continuously start and stop for circulation; recording once every start and stop until the compressed air data monitored and recorded by the air flow, temperature and pressure sensors at the air outlet of the air compressor fluctuates sharply, which indicates that the start and stop of the air compressor are in failure, and the recorded start and stop data indicates the durability of the start and stop of the compressor;
wherein, use said fuel cell compressor test equipment for testing compressor life durability, it includes the following steps: the control system sets the rotating speed of the high-speed motor, and drives the air compressor to operate at a constant rotating speed, so that the operating air compressor can work continuously at a constant performance; the air flow, the temperature and the pressure at the air outlet of the air compressor are monitored and recorded by the air flow, the temperature and the pressure sensor according to fixed interval time, the use performance of the air compressor is judged by comparing the recorded data at different times, and if the recorded data are greatly abnormal, the performance of the air compressor is shown to be failed.
2. The use of a fuel cell compressor test rig according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system comprises: a water tank (13), a water pump (14), a main outlet pipeline (15), branch pipelines and loop pipelines; the water tank (13), the water pump (14) and the outlet main pipeline (15) are sequentially connected, the outlet main pipeline (15) is respectively connected with three branch pipelines, the three branch pipelines are connected with a loop pipeline, and the loop pipeline is connected with the water tank (13);
the cooling liquid is pumped out of the water tank (13) by the water pump (14), enters the outlet main pipeline (15), is divided into three branches, and is cooled by an intercooler (9), a frequency converter (18) and a high-speed motor (19);
and cooling liquid flows back to the water tank (13) through a loop pipeline after being cooled by the intercooler (9), the frequency converter (18) and the high-speed motor (19).
3. The use of a fuel cell compressor test rig according to claim 2, wherein the cooling system further comprises: the liquid inlet flow sensor, the liquid discharge flow sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged on the three branches and are respectively used for detecting the flow, the temperature and the pressure of the liquid inlet and the liquid discharge cooling liquid of the intercooler (9), the high-speed motor (19) and the frequency converter (18).
4. The use of a fuel cell compressor test rig according to claim 1, wherein air is taken from the inlet air conditioner (1), passed through the air filter (2), cleaned and passed through the hot film flow meter one (4), the hot film flow meter one (4) being adapted to sense the flow of incoming air, when the air flows through the air inlet pipeline II (5), the air inlet pressure and the air inlet temperature are detected, the air inlet is compressed by the air compressor (6) and then is discharged from an air outlet of the air compressor, and when the air inlet flows into the air outlet pipeline I (7), detecting exhaust pressure and temperature, detecting and recording exhaust flow through a vortex flowmeter (8), enabling the exhaust to flow into an intercooler (9) through the vortex flowmeter (8), cooling the exhaust temperature of the intercooler (9), enabling the exhaust to flow into a second hot film flowmeter (11) through a second exhaust pipeline (10) through the intercooler (9), and enabling the exhaust to be exhausted after being silenced by a silencer; and when the exhaust gas flows through the second exhaust pipeline (10), the temperature and the pressure of the exhaust gas are detected again, and the second hot film flowmeter (11) is used for detecting the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
5. The use of a fuel cell compressor test rig according to claim 3, further comprising: a controller;
the controller is connected with the air inlet air conditioner and can control the air flow, temperature and pressure;
the controller is connected with the water pump (14) and can adjust the liquid inlet flow, the liquid inlet pressure, the liquid inlet temperature, the liquid discharge pressure and the liquid discharge flow of the cooling liquid; all sensors are connected with the controller, namely signals collected by the sensors are transmitted to the controller.
6. The use of a fuel cell compressor test rig according to claim 5, further comprising: DAQ (20); an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the air inlet pipeline II (5), an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the exhaust pipeline I (7), an air inlet pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the exhaust pipeline II (10), a liquid inlet flow sensor, a liquid discharge flow sensor, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on three branches of the cooling system, and data of the sensors are all connected to the DAQ (20) and then transmitted to the controller;
the flow rate of the cooling liquid is adjusted, and then the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the intercooler is adjusted:
firstly, calculating to obtain the flow rate of the cooling liquid according to the following formula;
wherein v represents the coolant flow rate in m/s; t is1Outputting the temperature of compressed air for an air compressor, wherein the unit is k; cvThe specific heat capacity of the compressed air with constant volume is expressed by J/(g.K); t is2The unit is k, and the temperature of the compressed air after passing through the intercooler; q is the flow of the output compressed air, and the unit is g/s; c represents the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid and has the unit of J/(g.k); s represents the cross-sectional area of the coolant line in m2(ii) a ρ represents the density of the coolant in g/m3；T3Represents the input temperature of the cooling fluid in k; t is4Represents the output temperature of the cooling fluid in k;
wherein, T1、T2The temperature sensors on the first exhaust pipeline and the second exhaust pipeline are used for measuring the temperature;
wherein Q is measured based on an air flow sensor at the air compressor exhaust;
wherein, T3Measured by a temperature sensor on an input pipeline of a branch of the cooling system passing through the intercooler;
wherein, T4The sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the output pipeline of the branch of the cooling system passing through the intercooler;
the controller then controls the cooling system so that the actual flow rate is the calculated coolant flow rate.
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