CN111345268A - A kind of method for rearing larvae of white star flower beetle in field and application of larvae and insect excrement - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for breeding the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum in the field comprises the following steps: 1) making food of the larva of the staurochafer; 2) building a feeding pond 3), and paving materials with the thickness of about 15-20 cm; 4) putting larvae of the stauroides chinensis into the feeding pond paved with the foodstuff; 5) sealing the top of the rearing pond, 6) feeding the larvae until harvesting, feeding the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum for 60-70 days, entering a harvesting stage, separating the insects from the feces, and treating respectively. The invention enables the breeding of the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum to be increased from the experimental stage to the mass production, and realizes the industrialized breeding. Secondly, a large amount of larval products of the platysternon leucotrichum are obtained, and a new field is opened up for the application of insect protein. Thirdly, the larval chafer dung of the stauropteris brevitarsis is a good green organic fertilizer, can provide nutrients for the growth of crops, is rich in humic acid and can promote the growth of crops, has obvious effect and has good improvement effect on soil.

Description

A kind of method for rearing larvae of white star flower beetle in field and application of larvae and insect excrement

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of raising the larvae of the white star beetle, and particularly relates to a method for raising the white star beetle in the field and the application of the larvae and insect excrement.

Background technique

Protaetia brevitarsis (Lewis) belongs to Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Cetoniidae, and Protaetia, mainly distributed in China, Korea, Japan and some parts of Europe . The adult beetle is 17-24mm long, 9-12mm wide, oval in shape, with copper or bronze luster; it has the habit of being nocturnal, and likes to eat sweet substances; it can harm apples, pears, grapes, and peaches , apricots, figs and many other fruit trees, flowers, leaves and buds, etc., especially the damage to the fruit, but also to the grass family and various vegetables. Commonly known as grubs, the larvae of the white star beetle are 24-40mm long, soft, fat and wrinkled, and curved into a "C" row. Head brown, body milky white. It likes to eat all kinds of rotten straws, edible mushroom chaff, weeds and other humic foods, which can transform a variety of agricultural wastes, and generally do not harm the living plant roots. Beetle larvae is a kind of Chinese medicinal material with good medicinal value, and is often used in the treatment of cataract, pannus, stroke, schistosomiasis, liver cirrhosis, tetanus and other diseases; The ratio of protein to fat content (P/G) in the body is 3.46, the protein content is similar to that of eggs, 2.34 times that of pork, and 1.80 times that of milk; it contains 17 kinds of amino acids, including all the human body. Of all 8 essential amino acids, glutamic acid has the highest content at 5.66/100g. Its larval meal can be developed into food or animal feed raw materials. The larvae of the white star beetle larvae are in the form of oblong granules, without peculiar smell, non-adhesion, and easy to dry. It is an efficient, green and environmentally friendly organic fertilizer. The dry matter of the larvae of the white star beetle larvae contains a lot of organic matter, with a ratio of 33.6-34.2%, of which the content of N is 1.38-1.45%, the content of P ₂ O ₅ is 1.28-1.32%, and the content of K ₂ O is 1.30-1.35 %. However, the breeding of the white star beetle is currently in the small trial stage, and a large-scale breeding scale has not been formed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for rearing the larvae of the white star beetle in the field.

A method for raising the larvae of the white star flower beetle in a field of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) Making food for the larvae of the white star beetle;

2) Build a breeding pool

First, choose a large field plot with convenient transportation, easy drainage and convenient management; then rotary till the soil with a rotary tillage depth of 10-15cm; secondly, measure a number of rectangular small breeding fields on the land after rotary tillage, and each small breeding field There are passages between the fields. Dig the soil of all passages 10-15cm below, and spread the excavated soil on the adjacent small breeding fields to raise each small breeding field and keep its surface flat; A 5-15cm thick layer of straw is laid on each raised small rearing field; finally, an insect-proof net is tiled above the straw layer of each small rearing field, and an insect-proof net is used to enclose a circle around each small rearing field. , the height of the enclosure is that the upper edge of the insect-proof net is 30-60cm from the ground, and finally a pool-like structure with insect-proof nets at the bottom and all sides is formed, that is, the breeding pool;

3) Paving

Put the fermented food into the rearing tank, the thickness of the material is about 15-20cm;

4) Raising the larvae of the white star beetle

Put the larvae of the white star beetle into the rearing pond where the food is laid, and put 1500-2000 larvae of the second or third age of the beetle per square meter;

5) The rearing pool is capped

Cap the breeding pool with insect-proof nets;

6) Feed the larvae to the harvest period

The larvae were fed for 60-70 days and entered the harvest period, and the worms and feces were separated and treated separately.

Preferably described step 2) the method for building rearing pond comprises the following steps:

The method of constructing a rearing pond includes the following steps:

First, choose a large field plot with convenient transportation, easy drainage and convenient management; then, the soil is rotary tilled, and the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm; secondly, a number of 5-7m long and 1.0mm wide are measured on the land after rotary tillage. -1.2m rectangular small rearing field, there are passages with a width of 0.5-0.8m between each small rearing field, dig 10-15cm of soil in all channels, and spread the excavated soil to the adjacent On the small rearing field, raise each small rearing field and keep its surface flat; take a single small rearing field as a unit, install 45-45 m on the long side at a distance of 1.0-2.5m and on the four corners of the small rearing field. 50cm high column, use iron wire to draw a circle along the 40cm high position of each column in a single small rearing field to enclose each small rearing field separately; then spread 10cm thick on each small rearing field Finally, an insect-proof net is laid on the top of the straw layer, and the small breeding field is also surrounded by an insect-proof net using uprights and iron wires as a support circle, and the upper edge of the insect-proof net is fixed to the horizontally drawn iron wire. A pool-like structure with insect-proof nets on the bottom and all sides is formed, that is, a rearing pool.

The present invention performs rotary tillage on the soil, so that the operation is firstly beneficial to the construction operation; secondly, the physical and chemical properties and permeability of the soil are brought into play.

The straws used by the present invention for laying flat on the small rearing field can be any type of common crop straws, including corn, wheat or sorghum straws, etc. When in use, the straws can be directly laid flat for use or cut into segments. Can be used again. The purpose of laying the straws on the small rearing field in the present invention is to prevent the feed, the white star beetle and the insect excrement from directly contacting the ground, so as to prevent the feed, the white star beetle and the insect excrement from directly contacting the ground.

In the present invention, the rotary tillage of the soil and the laying of straws on the rearing field have a synergistic effect, so that the survival rate of the larvae is obviously improved, and the quality of the insect excrement is significantly improved, because if the insect excrement directly touches the ground, the water will drain and dehumidify. If it is not timely, it will cause the worm dung to stick and harden, which will affect the quality of the worm dung.

The invention adopts the method of digging down the channel and raising the rearing pond, so that if it rains or the food is too much water, the height difference can be used to quickly drain the water, so as to avoid the death of larvae from flooding.

The invention adopts the function of pulling the iron wire of the upright column: fixing the insect-proof net, and raising the edge height of the insect-proof net, so that the insect-proof net forms a pool shape.

The invention uses the insect-proof net, which can not only prevent the escape of the larvae of the beetle, but also prevent the larvae of the beetle from emerging early and fly to the field as adults, and can also prevent the invasion of foreign species. For individual white star beetle larvae that emerge early into adults, they can be caught and processed in time. The insect-proof net is low in cost, ventilated and breathable, and easy to operate.

Preferably, the food material is fermented waste melon seedlings, the waste melon seedlings include cucumber waste melon seedlings, muskmelon waste melon seedlings, watermelon waste melon seedlings, wax gourd waste melon seedlings, crisp melon waste melon seedlings, muskmelon waste melon seedlings, pumpkin waste One or more of the melon seedlings; the preparation method of the fermented waste melon seedlings is: after the melons and fruits are picked, the waste melon seedlings are pulled; using a guillotine machine or a guillotine knife to cut the waste melon seedlings into 2- 5cm small section, then stacking and adding water, the amount of water added accounts for 50-60% of the total mass of the final mixture of waste melon and water; the mixture of waste melon and water is stirred for many times, Pile up to make the waste melon seedlings fully absorb water and evenly, and then carry out aerobic fermentation. During the fermentation period, the piles are dumped every 3-6 days, and the total accumulation and fermentation are 12-18 days. Through aerobic fermentation, the waste melon seedlings are softened and degraded, and most of the germs on the waste melon seedlings are eliminated, which is more suitable for the larvae of the white star beetle to eat, which is beneficial to the larvae of the white star flower beetle to absorb nutrients. If the cut section of the waste melon is too long, it is not conducive to the accumulation and fermentation, and the fermentation effect is not ideal. The cut section of the waste melon seedlings is too short, which is prone to over-fermentation, and is not conducive to the operation of the feeding process. The amount of water added should also be appropriate. Too dry or too wet material is not conducive to the growth of white star beetle larvae.

It is also preferred that the food material is a fermented mixture of straw and fungus bran; the straw includes corn or wheat or sorghum straw; the fungus bran includes oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, enoki mushroom, shiitake mushroom, elm yellow mushroom, king oyster mushroom or white fungus The preparation method of the food material is to pulverize the crop straw and pass it through a 10-12 mesh sieve; pulverize or roll the edible fungus chaff and pass it through a 4-6 mesh sieve; The fungus chaff is mixed in a ratio of 3:7 by mass, and then water is added, and the amount of water added accounts for 50-60% of the total mass of the final mixture of straw and fungus chaff and water by mass; Stirring and dumping each time to make the raw materials fully absorb water and evenly; after the food absorbs water, build a pile for fermentation, and dump it every 3-5 days for a total of 15-21 days of accumulation and fermentation; through aerobic fermentation, the food is softened and degraded, which improves the The palatability is more conducive to the absorption of nutrients in the food by the larvae of the white star beetle.

Preferably, the time for raising the larvae of the white star beetle is between the end of May and the end of September, and the time for placing the larvae is between the last ten days of May and the end of August. Between the end of May and the end of September, it is preferable to use natural conditions to raise the larvae of the beetle in the open air outdoors in North China. Between the end of May and the end of August, the larvae of the white star beetle can be put into the rearing pond where the food is laid.

It is preferable to pay attention to the water content of the food at any time during the feeding process. When the surface and internal water content of the food decreases, use a micro-irrigation pipe for micro-spraying.

It is preferable to drain the rearing pond in time after the rain to avoid flooding of the white star beetle larvae. It is in the rainy season from late May to the end of September. After the rain, water should be drained in time to avoid flooding of the larvae of the white star beetle.

It is preferable to add food in time when there is little food.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the described larvae for rearing the white star flower beetle in the field. White star beetle larvae can be dried as Chinese medicinal materials; or directly fed to animals, such as birds, pets, chickens, etc.; or used as fishing bait; or processed into adult meal after drying and added to feed as a source of animal feed protein.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of the worm excrement used as fertilizer for raising the larvae of the white star beetle in the field. Insect manure can be used as green organic fertilizer for field crops, vegetables and other crops, and can also be used as high-efficiency flower fertilizer.

beneficial effect

The invention makes the larvae cultivation of the white star beetle rise from the experimental stage to the large-scale production, and realizes the industrialized cultivation. It has promoted the large-scale production of the larvae of the beetle, and promoted the rapid development of the larval breeding industry of the beetle. It provides a scalable model for the real application of the larvae of the white star beetle to convert agricultural waste into effective resources. In addition, the present invention adopts waste straw, mushroom chaff, waste melon seedlings and the like as the food material of the beetle larvae, so that these agricultural wastes are reasonably and fully utilized, and economic value is created. In particular, the waste melons and seedlings are generally discarded by melon farmers or burned, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes resources and takes up manpower and material resources. The present invention utilizes and ferments it into a high-quality food material for the beetle larvae, provides a green, residue-free, sustainable and recyclable method for transforming and treating waste melon seedlings by trans-abdominal transformation of the beetle, which truly realizes the To turn waste into treasure. At the same time, a large number of white star beetle larvae products were obtained, which opened up a new field for the application of insect protein. The obtained larvae of the white star flower beetle larvae are a good green organic fertilizer, which can provide nutrients for the growth of crops, and the rich humic acid can promote the growth of crops, with obvious effects and good soil improvement effects.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A method for rearing larvae of white star flower beetles in a field, comprising the following steps:

(1) make the food of the larvae of white star flower beetles: the cucumber waste cucumber seedlings collected are cut into the small section of 3cm with a guillotine machine, then add water, and the add-on of water accounts for the final waste cucumber seedlings and the mixture of water by mass 55% of the total mass. The mixture of cucumber waste melon seedlings and water was stirred and dumped for many times to make the waste melon seedlings fully absorb water evenly, and then aerobic fermentation was carried out.

2) Build a breeding pool

First select a large field plot with convenient transportation, easy drainage and convenient management in Xianxian County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province; then, the soil is rotary tilled, and the rotary tillage depth is 13-15cm; secondly, 100 plots are measured on the land after rotary tillage. 7m long and 1.2m wide are rectangular small rearing fields. There are passages with a width of 0.8m between the small rearing fields. The soil of all channels is dug down 12cm, and the excavated soil is spread to the adjacent ones. On the small rearing field, each small rearing field is elevated, and keep its surface flat; with a single small rearing field as a unit, install uprights around: the present embodiment is to install 1 at each of the four corners of the small rearing field, and in the small rearing field On each long side of the rearing field, install 2 iron pillars at a distance of about 2-2.5m each, for a total of 8 iron pillars per small rearing field. Use iron wire to draw a circle along 40cm of each column of a single small rearing field to enclose each small rearing field individually; then lay a 10cm-thick straw layer on each elevated small rearing field; An insect-proof net is laid on the top of the layer, and the surrounding area of the small breeding field is also surrounded by an insect-proof net using uprights and iron wires as a support. The pool-like structure of the insect net, that is, the feeding pool.

3) Paving

Put the fermented food into the rearing tank, the thickness of the material is about 15-20cm. When the water content of the food, especially the water content of the surface layer, is reduced, a micro-irrigation pipe is used for micro-spraying, so that the surface layer of the food is in a moist state, and the water content of the food is controlled to reach 50-60% (mass percentage).

4) Raising the larvae of the white star beetle

Put the larvae of the white star beetle in the feeding pond where the food is laid, and put 1500-2000 larvae of the second age of the beetle per square meter; the time to put the larvae is May 20.

5) The rearing pool is capped

The rearing tank is capped with an insect-proof net.

6) Feed larvae to harvest

The white star beetle larvae were fed for 70 days and entered the harvesting stage. If it rains during the feeding period, the feeding pond should be drained in time after the rain to avoid flooding of the larvae of the white star beetle. When food is scarce, add food in time.

7) Separation of worms: Use an 8-mesh sieve to sieve and separate the worms and the worm dung; dry or dry the worm dung, and store it in bags for later use: the remaining feed can continue to raise the next batch of white star beetle larvae for use .

Related performance tests:

1. Survival rate of the larvae of the white star beetle: 97%,

2. Insect weight when put in: the insect weight range of each white star beetle larvae is 0.25-0.3 grams when it is just put into feeding;

3. Final worm weight: The average final worm weight is 2.5 grams when each white star beetle larva is harvested;

4. Insect feces production: the average fecal production of each white star beetle larva is 22 grams;

5. After drying the larvae of the white star beetle, grind the adult worm powder for the feeding of the imperial concubine chickens. Each imperial concubine chicken uses an average of 20-30 grams of insect powder every day, the egg production rate is increased by 4-6%, and the activity of the imperial concubine chickens is obvious. Increase, the gloss of feathers is good.

6. The organic matter content in the detected insect excrement was _35.12 %, the N content was 1.33%, the _P2O5 content was 1.29%, and the _K2O content was 1.30%.

7. The larvae of the white star beetle dung are used as fertilizer for melon production. Another commercially available organic fertilizer was selected as Comparative Example 1. With the beetle larvae excrement as base fertilizer, replace the organic fertilizer of comparative example 1, the application rate per square meter is 2kg, use result shows: compared with comparative example, use the fruit setting rate, output and quality of the muskmelon planted by the insect excrement of the present embodiment Both improved. The fruit setting rate is increased by 1.0%, the yield is increased by 0.50%, and the melon taste is better.

Example 2

A method for rearing larvae of white star flower beetles in a field, comprising the following steps:

1) making the food of the larvae of the golden beetle; the preparation method of the food is to pulverize the corn stalk, and the stalk powder is passed through a 12-mesh sieve; The edible fungus chaff is mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:7, and then water is added, and the amount of water added accounts for 55% of the total mass of the final mixture of the straw and the fungus chaff and water by mass; Stir and pile up to make the raw materials fully absorb water and evenly; after the food absorbs water, build a pile and ferment, and pile it up every 3 days for a total of 21 days of accumulation and fermentation.

2) Build a breeding pool

First, select a large field plot with convenient transportation, easy drainage and convenient management in Qingxian County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province; then, rotary tillage the soil with a depth of 13-15cm; 6m long and 1.1m wide are rectangular small rearing fields. There are channels with a width of 0.8m between each small rearing field. The soil of all channels is dug 12cm below, and the excavated soil is spread to the adjacent ones. On the small rearing field, each small rearing field is elevated, and keep its surface flat; with a single small rearing field as a unit, install uprights around: the present embodiment is to install 1 at each of the four corners of the small rearing field, and in the small rearing field On each long side of the rearing field, install 2 iron poles at a distance of about 2m each, for a total of 8 iron pillars per small rearing field. Use iron wire to draw a circle along 40cm of each column of a single small rearing field to enclose each small rearing field individually; then lay a 10cm-thick straw layer on each elevated small rearing field; An insect-proof net is laid on the top of the layer, and the surrounding area of the small breeding field is also surrounded by an insect-proof net using uprights and iron wires as a support. The pool-like structure of the insect net, that is, the feeding pool.

3) Paving

Put the fermented food into the rearing tank, the thickness of the material is about 15-18cm. When the water content of the food, especially the water content of the surface layer, is reduced, a micro-irrigation pipe is used for micro-spraying, so that the surface layer of the food is in a moist state, and the water content of the food is controlled to reach 50-60% (mass percentage).

4) Raising the larvae of the white star beetle

Put the larvae of the white star beetle into the rearing pond where the food is laid, and put 1500-2000 larvae of the second or third age of the beetle per square meter;

5) The rearing pool is capped

Cap the breeding pool with insect-proof nets;

6) Feed larvae to harvest

The white star beetle larvae were fed for 60 days and entered the harvesting stage. When it rains during the feeding period, drain the feeding pond in time after the rain to avoid flooding of the larvae. When there is little food, it is necessary to add food in time;

7) Separation of worms: Use an 8-mesh sieve to sieve and separate the worms and the worm dung; dry or dry the worm dung, and store it in bags for later use: the remaining feed can continue to raise the next batch of white star beetle larvae for use .

Related performance tests:

1. Survival rate of the larvae of the white star beetle: 96%,

2. The amount of feces produced: the feces produced by each larvae of the white star beetle is about 19-21 grams;

5. After drying the larvae of Baixinghua beetles, grind the adult worm powder for the breeding of golden phoenix laying hens. Each golden phoenix laying hen uses an average of 20-30 grams of worm meal every day, and the egg production rate is increased by 5%. The activity of the feathers is significantly increased, and the gloss of the feathers is good.

_6. The organic matter content in the detected insect manure was 37.02%, the N content was 1.40%, the _P2O5 content was 1.31%, and the K2O content was 1.33%.

7. The larvae of the white star beetle are used as fertilizer for the production of crisp melons. Another commercially available organic fertilizer was selected as Comparative Example 2. With golden tortoise larvae excrement as base fertilizer, replace the organic fertilizer of comparative example 2, the application rate per square meter is 2kg, use result shows: compared with comparative example 1, the fruit setting rate, output and Quality has improved. The fruit setting rate is increased by 1.1%, the yield is increased by 0.45%, and the taste of the crisp melon is better.

Comparative Example 3

During the construction of the rearing pond, the soil was not ploughed by rotary tillage, and the insect-proof net was directly laid without the straw layer on the measured small experimental field, and 10 such small experimental fields were built. All other preparation conditions and steps were exactly the same as in Example 1. The worm excrement obtained after the rearing was completed was largely adhered and hardened. The survival rate of white star beetle larvae was 74%.

Comparative Example 4

In the construction of the rearing pond, the soil was not subjected to rotary tillage, and 10 such small experimental fields were constructed. All other preparation conditions and steps were exactly the same as those in Example 1. The worm excrement obtained after the rearing was completed was largely adhered and hardened. Survival rate of white star beetle larvae: 86%.

Comparative Example 5

In the construction of the rearing pond, the insect-proof net was directly laid without the straw layer, and 10 such small experimental fields were constructed. All other preparation conditions and steps were exactly the same as those in Example 1. The worm excrement obtained after the rearing was completed was largely adhered and hardened. Survival rate of white star beetle larvae: 89%.

It can be seen from the above data that the survival rate of beetle larvae is significantly reduced and the quality of insect manure is not good if the soil is not subjected to rotary tillage and the straw layer is not laid on the experimental field.

Claims (10)

1. A method for breeding the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum in the field is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) making food of the larva of the staurochafer;

2) building a rearing pond

Firstly, selecting a field land which is convenient to traffic, drain and manage; then carrying out rotary tillage on the soil, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15 cm; secondly, measuring a plurality of rectangular small raising fields on the land after rotary tillage, reserving channels among the small raising fields, digging soil of all the channels by 10-15cm, paving the dug soil on the adjacent small raising fields, raising the small raising fields, and keeping the surfaces of the small raising fields flat; then spreading a straw layer with the thickness of 5-15cm on each raised small raising field; finally, an insect-proof net is paved above the straw layer of each small raising field, a circle of the insect-proof net is also used for surrounding the periphery of each small raising field, the surrounding height is that the upper edge of the insect-proof net is 30-60cm away from the ground, and finally, a pool-shaped structure with the insect-proof net at the bottom and the periphery is formed, namely a raising pool;

3) spreading material

Putting the fermented food into a feeding pond, wherein the thickness of the food is about 15-20 cm;

4) raising larva of platysternon leucocephala

Putting 1500-2000 scarab beetle larvae of 2-year or 3-year in each square meter into the feeding pond paved with foodstuff;

5) capping of rearing pond

Capping the rearing pond with an insect-proof net;

6) feeding larva to maturity

Feeding the larva of the platysternon megacephalum for 60-70 days, entering a harvesting stage, separating the larva from the feces, and treating respectively.

2. The method for raising larvae of Scarabaeus sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2) of constructing the raising pond comprises the steps of:

firstly, selecting a field land which is convenient to traffic, drain and manage; then, carrying out rotary tillage on the soil, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15 cm; secondly, measuring a plurality of rectangular small breeding fields with the length of 5-7m and the width of 1.0-1.2m on the land after rotary tillage, reserving channels with the width of 0.5-0.8m between the small breeding fields, digging 10-15cm of soil of all the channels, paving the dug soil on the adjacent small breeding fields, heightening the small breeding fields and keeping the surfaces of the small breeding fields smooth; taking a single small breeding field as a unit, respectively installing upright columns with the height of 45-50cm on the long side of the small breeding field according to the distance of 1.0-2.5m and the four corners of the small breeding field, and horizontally pulling a circle by using iron wires along the position with the height of 40cm of each upright column of the single small breeding field to independently enclose each small breeding field; then spreading a straw layer with the thickness of 10cm on each raised small breeding field; and finally, an insect-proof net is paved above the straw layer, the periphery of the small breeding field is also enclosed by the insect-proof net by using the upright posts and the iron wires as supports, the upper edge of the insect-proof net is fixed on the transversely-pulled iron wires, and finally, a pool-shaped structure with the insect-proof net at the bottom and around is formed, namely the breeding pool.

3. The method for raising the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum in the field according to claim 1, wherein the foodstuff is fermented waste melon seedlings, and the waste melon seedlings comprise one or more of cucumber waste melon seedlings, melon waste melon seedlings, watermelon waste melon seedlings, wax gourd waste melon seedlings, crisp melon waste melon seedlings, muskmelon waste melon seedlings and pumpkin waste melon seedlings; the preparation method of the foodstuff comprises the following steps: after the melons and fruits are picked, pulling seedlings of the waste melon seedlings; cutting the waste melon vine into small sections of 2-5cm by using a hay cutter or a guillotine, stacking and adding water, wherein the adding amount of the water accounts for 50-60% of the total mass of the mixture of the waste melon vine and the water; stirring and piling the mixture of the waste melon vine and water for many times to ensure that the waste melon vine absorbs water fully and uniformly, then carrying out aerobic fermentation, and piling up the mixture every 3 to 6 days in the fermentation period for 12 to 18 days in total to obtain the fertilizer.

4. The method for raising larvae of Scarabaeus albus in field according to claim 1, wherein the food is fermented mixture of straw and mushroom bran; the stalks comprise stalks of corn or wheat or sorghum; the mushroom bran comprises one or more of oyster mushroom, needle mushroom, pholiota nameko, pleurotus citrinopileatus, pleurotus eryngii or tremella; the preparation method of the foodstuff is that the crop straws are crushed and then screened by a 10-12 mesh sieve; crushing or grinding the edible fungus bran and sieving the crushed or ground edible fungus bran with a 4-6-mesh sieve; mixing straw powder and edible fungus chaff according to the mass ratio of 3: 7, then adding water, wherein the adding amount of the water accounts for 50-60% of the total mass of the mixture of the final straw and the fungus chaff and the water by mass; then stirring and reverse stacking for many times to ensure that the raw materials fully absorb water uniformly; and (3) stacking and fermenting the food after water absorption, and performing reverse stacking once every 3-5 days for 15-21 days to obtain the fermented food.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rearing of the larvae of the platysternon leucocephala is takes place between 5 and 9 months and between 5 and 8 months.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the water content of the food material is taken into consideration at any time during the rearing process, and when the water content on the surface layer or inside of the food material is reduced, the micro-irrigation tube is used for micro-spraying.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pond is drained in time after raining to prevent the larvae of Stephania sinica Diels from flooding.

8. The method for raising larvae of Scarabaeus albus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed is added in time when the feed is low.

9. The use of claim 1 for field rearing of larvae of platysternon megacephalum.

10. The use of the insect dung for field rearing of larvae of Scarabaeus albus as claimed in claim 1 as a fertilizer.