CN111330525A - Lignocellulose biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device and system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of green renewable energy sources for producing bio-oil, and particularly relates to equipment and a system for preparing bio-oil/chemicals by utilizing lignocellulose biomass. The lignocellulose biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device is mainly a reaction kettle. The cylindrical sieve hollow lining with the spiral baffle plates is arranged in the reaction kettle cavity, so that the turbulence degree can be improved when the biomass hydrothermal liquefaction occurs, on one hand, the material mixing is facilitated, on the other hand, the solid after the reaction is intercepted in the lining, the solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished is facilitated, and the separation cost can be effectively reduced. The photovoltaic power generation system is used for replacing conventional power, so that the production cost can be effectively reduced. The device and the system have low requirements, simple operation, small occupied area, no secondary pollution and low investment and expense, and are beneficial to the efficient, clean, high-value utilization and popularization of biomass.

Description

Lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device and its system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of green renewable energy, in particular to a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device and a system thereof.

Background technique

Biomass is a carrier for storing solar energy and a recyclable organic carbon resource. Among them, lignocellulosic biomass includes cellulose (35-50wt%), hemicellulose (20-30wt%) and lignin (20-30wt%), accounting for more than 90wt% of plant biomass, and it is the largest biomass on earth. major renewable carbon source. my country is a big agricultural country, with an annual output of about 900 million tons of crop stalks. It is rich in resources and has broad development potential. However, because the straw is widely distributed, the utilization rate is not high, and most of it causes air and water pollution due to the unreasonable utilization, and the harm is huge. At the same time, the currently available oil resources are increasingly exhausted, and many countries have begun to look for substitutes for oil. Hydrothermal liquefaction technology is a biomass "Wet-thermochemical" (translated as: wet-thermochemical) conversion technology that has developed rapidly in recent years. It can achieve a relatively low reaction temperature (250~ 400°C), high pressure (5-30MPa) and a certain reaction time, the macromolecules are thermally cracked into small molecular fragments by the action of the solvent. Hydrothermal liquefaction technology can convert lignocellulosic biomass such as straw into liquid fuel, which is of great significance for alleviating the current shortage of liquid resources in my country.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass (supercritical fluid) into liquid fuels and high value-added energy chemicals is one of the frontiers of energy chemistry research. With theoretical progress and technological innovation, new and efficient reactors have also become the focus of current researchers. As the most common equipment that provides high temperature and high pressure reaction environment for biomass hydrothermal liquefaction to bio-oil/chemicals, the new processing and transformation of the reactor is extremely important for the promotion and application of lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction industry. Significance. Since the hydrothermal liquefaction process requires high temperature and high pressure, the requirements for the equipment are relatively high, thereby increasing the production cost of the equipment. Therefore, the preparation of bio-oil/chemicals by hydrothermal liquefaction is mostly in the laboratory research stage, with few industrial applications. How to reduce the requirements for reaction equipment and conditions and realize industrialized continuous production still needs further research.

At present, the normal operating power source of the reactor on the market is conventional electricity, and the industry believes that the biomass hydrothermal liquefaction obtained bio-oil cannot make ends meet. The cost competitiveness of alternative energy sources is increasing, and energy storage technology is also promising. Therefore, the use of conventional electricity and alternative energy sources to complement each other, or even use only renewable energy as a power source, will effectively promote the development of the industry. However, little research has been published so far.

There are many routes for converting biomass into liquid fuels, such as rapid pyrolysis liquefaction, high pressure liquefaction, hydrolysis fermentation, etc. However, these process technologies all have some common problems, such as incomplete utilization of carbon resources in the conversion process, low product quality, difficulty in directly replacing existing transportation fuels, complicated product components and high cost of purification as chemicals. The conversion of renewable biomass to hydrocarbon fuels as target products and high value-added chemicals is the focus of attention using catalytic technologies, especially the use of solid heterogeneous catalysts. But now solids (liquefaction residues, solid catalysts) and liquids (bio-oils) are generally present in the reactor as a mixture, which makes the separation cost high.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass into bio-oil/chemicals has great potential, but limited by high energy consumption and difficulty in product separation, it is still in the laboratory stage and cannot be popularized and applied. In order to realize the promotion and application of lignocellulosic biomass energy and resource industrialization, it is urgent to develop and design a new type of reactor to facilitate solid-liquid separation, and to use renewable energy to replace conventional power liquefaction systems. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device and a system thereof, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

As an aspect of the present invention, a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device is provided, comprising:

a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle comprises a kettle body, and a reaction kettle chamber is formed inside the kettle body;

A heating layer is arranged on the outside of the kettle body, and heating oil and resistance wires are arranged in the heating layer for heating the chamber of the reaction kettle;

The inner lining is arranged in the reaction kettle chamber, and an interlayer is formed between the inner lining and the reaction kettle chamber; wherein, the inner lining is hollowed out and a spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the inner lining;

a magnetic stirrer, comprising a stirring paddle and a magnetic driver, the magnetic driver is arranged at the end of the stirring paddle; the other end of the stirring paddle extends to the inside of the lining;

The hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is carried out inside the inner lining, the reacted solid is trapped in the inner lining, and the reacted liquid can be discharged into the interlayer through the hollow of the inner lining to realize solidification liquid separation.

As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system, comprising:

As above-mentioned lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device;

A photovoltaic power generation device for providing electrical energy for the operation of the resistance wire of the heating layer and the magnetic stirrer.

Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention has at least one or a part of the following beneficial effects relative to the prior art:

The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device is designed with an inner lining, and the inner lining is hollowed out for placing solid raw materials and solid heterogeneous catalysts. The inner wall is designed with helical baffles, which can improve the turbulence degree when the biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reacts, and the combination with the magnetic stirrer is conducive to the mixing of materials;

The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system uses photovoltaic power generation devices to replace conventional electricity, which can effectively reduce production costs;

To sum up, the lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device and its system of the present invention have low requirements, simple operation, less land occupation, no secondary pollution, and low investment cost, which is conducive to the efficient, clean, high-value utilization of biomass and the promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the partial half-section schematic diagram of the reactor of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial half-section schematic diagram of the reactor and the inner lining of the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a laboratory separation process for preparing bio-oil/chemicals by hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings, the reference signs have the following meanings:

1. Kettle body; 2. First exhaust port; 3. Cooling water inlet; 4. Temperature sensor probe; 5. Pressure sensor probe; 6. Dielectric constant test probe; 7. Air inlet; 8. Cooling water outlet ;9, the second exhaust port; 10, magnetic stirrer; 11, nut; 12, cooling water circulation pipeline; 13, air intake pipe; 14, lining; 15, magnetic drive housing; 16, internal thread; 17 , stirring paddle; 18, spiral baffle; 19, flange plate; 20, flange cover; 21, stud; 22, interlayer; 23, magnetic stirrer installation port; 24, battery; 25, gas collection tank; 26, solid-liquid separator; 27, heating circulator; 28, solid storage tank; 29, distillation still; 30, peristaltic pump; 31, distillation condenser; 32, liquid collection tank; 33, solar panel; 34, solar energy Controller; 35. AC/DC inverter.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device includes: a reaction kettle, a heating layer, a lining 14 and a magnetic stirrer 10; wherein, the reaction kettle comprises a kettle body 1, and the The inside of the body 1 forms a reaction kettle cavity; the heating layer (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the outside of the kettle body 1, and heating oil and resistance wires are arranged in the heating layer to heat the reaction kettle cavity; the lining 14 is arranged on the Inside the reaction kettle chamber, and the interlayer 22 is formed between the inner lining 14 and the reaction kettle chamber; wherein, the inner lining 14 is hollowed out and a helical baffle 18 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner lining 14; the magnetic stirrer 10 includes a stirring paddle 17 And the magnetic drive, the magnetic drive is arranged on the end of the stirring paddle 17; the other end of the stirring paddle 17 extends to the interior of the lining 14; wherein, the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is carried out inside the lining 14, and the solid after the reaction is trapped in the lining 14. In the inner lining 14, the reacted liquid can be discharged into the interlayer 22 through the hollow of the inner lining 14 to realize solid-liquid separation.

More specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the materials for the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction generally include lignocellulosic biomass. Among them, lignocellulosic biomass is specifically defined as raw materials containing cellulose components, including wood (such as poplar, eucalyptus, pine, etc.), forest processing waste and agricultural straw waste (such as corn stalk, wheat stalk, Rice straw, etc.), grasses, etc., and mixtures of the above.

In addition to the above-mentioned lignocellulosic biomass, the material for the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction also has a solid heterogeneous catalyst. Solid heterogeneous catalysts show broad application prospects in the field of biomass catalytic conversion due to their good thermal stability, reusability, non-corroding equipment, and easy separation. The solid heterogeneous catalysts referred to in the embodiments of the present invention mainly include solid superacids, oxides, sulfides, molecular sieves, metal salts, natural clay minerals, heteropolyacids, resins and supported catalysts, etc. The specific particle size can be determined by The catalyst preparation process is controlled.

After the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, the reactor contains "reacted solid materials" and "bio-oil/chemical liquid-phase products", wherein "post-reacted solid materials" include biomass and solid heterogeneous catalysts and other solid materials. Biomass can be any biomass feedstock known in the art.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the "reacted solid materials", ie solids, are trapped in the inner liner 14;

Therefore, the pore diameter of the hollow portion of the inner lining 14 is smaller than the particle size of the "reacted solid material", so as to achieve complete solid-liquid separation and facilitate subsequent product separation.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the inner lining 14 is in the form of a cylindrical screen, the bottom is sealed, and there are internal threads 16 at the opening for fixing. The inner wall of the lining 14 is provided with a helical baffle 18, which cooperates with the magnetic stirrer 10 to improve the degree of turbulence so that the material and the solvent are fully mixed and contacted.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the top of the reaction kettle is provided with a necked butt welding flange, and the necked butt welding flange includes a flange 19 and a flange cover 20, and the flange 19 is connected to the kettle body. 1 is a whole; the flange 19 and the flange cover 20 are connected by the stud 21 and the nut 11. However, the sealing method between the flange plate 19 and the flange cover 20 is not limited to this. In other embodiments of the present invention, a quick-opening type can also be selected, that is, a snap ring and corresponding bolts are used for pressing and tightening. , when opening, just loosen each top wire a few times to remove the snap ring, so as to realize the quick opening of the flange cover 20 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction kettle is also equipped with a lifting frame, a lifting mechanism and a turning mechanism (not shown in the figure), wherein the lifting mechanism adopts the existing conventional technology such as a lead screw and a lead screw nut to drive the reactor to carry out the vertical direction. lift operation. The overturning mechanism adopts existing conventional technologies such as rotating shaft and overturning rod to drive the reactor to perform 180° overturning operation. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to the above-mentioned lifting mechanism and turning mechanism, and any mechanism that can realize the up-and-down movement and turning of the reaction kettle can be used.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , the flange cover 20 is provided with a magnetic stirrer installation port 23 , and the magnetic driver is installed at the magnetic stirrer installation port 23 through the magnetic driver housing 15 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , an inner thread 16 is provided on the top inner wall of the inner liner 14, an outer thread is provided at the end of the magnetic actuator housing 15 extending into the chamber of the reactor, and the inner liner 14 is connected with the magnetic force The transmission housing 15 is screwed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a heating layer (not shown) is arranged on the outside of the kettle body 1 of the reaction kettle, and electric heating is performed by sandwiching the heating layer, so that the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is carried out at a predetermined temperature; the working principle of the heating layer is as follows: Convert electrical energy into heat energy, use heat transfer oil as heat transfer medium, use resistance wire to heat the heat transfer oil, and the heat transfer oil transfers the heat to the reactor chamber.

The temperature of the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is controlled and monitored through an external program temperature controller, which is respectively connected to the heating layer and the reaction kettle through a temperature sensor.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the flange cover 20 is also provided with a temperature sensor probe installation port, a pressure sensor probe installation port and a dielectric constant test probe installation port, a temperature sensor probe installation port, a pressure sensor probe installation port and a dielectric constant test probe installation port. The constant test probe installation ports are vertically corresponding to the interlayer 23; as shown in Figure 1, the temperature sensor probe installation port, the pressure sensor probe installation port and the dielectric constant test probe installation port are respectively used to install the temperature sensor probe 4 and the pressure sensor. Probe 5 and dielectric constant test probe 6.

Among them, it is worth mentioning that by setting the temperature sensor probe installation port, the pressure sensor probe installation port and the dielectric constant test probe installation port on the flange cover 20, that is, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and dielectric constant test probe are installed on the reaction kettle. The electric constant tester is used to monitor various parameters of the reaction product in the interlayer 22 in real time.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the hydrothermal liquefaction device for lignocellulosic biomass further includes a cooling water circulation pipeline 12, which is arranged in the interlayer 22, and the cooling water circulation pipeline 12 is arranged in a U-shaped bent shape, and both ends of the cooling water circulation pipeline 12 are respectively connected to the cooling water inlet 3 and the cooling water outlet 8 of the flange cover 20 . It is used to rapidly cool down the reactor chamber after the reaction is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device further includes an air inlet pipe 13, which is arranged in the interlayer 22, and one end of the air inlet pipe 13 extends to the bottom of the reactor chamber. The other end is connected to the air inlet 7 of the flange cover 20 . It is used for air replacement before the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction of lignocellulosic biomass, and nitrogen is generally introduced into the air inlet pipe as a protective gas.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction in the reactor chamber is completed, the reactor is cooled, when the temperature in the reactor is lowered to room temperature, the gas in the reactor is collected, and the pressure in the reactor is close to When the ambient air pressure is present, the reactor is opened, and the "post-reaction solid material" is taken out along with the lining; the "bio-oil/chemical liquid-phase product" undergoes subsequent product separation and storage processing.

In general, "bio-oil/chemical liquid-phase products" are not pure liquid-phase products, and there are still some residues that require further solid-liquid separation, and then the separated liquid phase is subjected to distillation, extraction and other steps to obtain bio-oil/chemicals etc.; and the separated solid phase is processed by drying and other operations to obtain a residue.

Therefore, in order to be suitable for the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction of the reactor of the present invention, the lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device of the present invention further comprises a solid-liquid separator 26, a gas collection tank 25, a liquid collection tank 32, and a distillation still 29. , distillation condenser 31, heating circulator 27 and peristaltic pump 30 and other equipment for post-processing of products.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the flange cover 20 is further provided with a first exhaust port 2 and a second exhaust port 9, and the first exhaust port 2 and the second exhaust port The ports 9 correspond to the interior of the interlayer 22 in the vertical direction; more specifically, exhaust valves are respectively provided on the first exhaust port 2 and the second exhaust port 9, and one of the exhaust valves is connected to the gas through a pipeline. The collection tank 25 is connected to collect the gas in the reaction kettle; another exhaust valve is used for air replacement in the reaction kettle before the reaction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , the “bio-oil/chemical liquid-phase product” in the reactor enters the solid-liquid separator 26 for further solid-liquid separation.

The solid outlet of the solid-liquid separator 26 is connected with the heating circulator 27, and the heating circulator 27 is connected with the solid storage tank 28;

The liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separator 26 is connected with the inlet of the still 29, wherein a peristaltic pump 30 is also provided between the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separator 26 and the inlet of the still 29, for carrying out the transportation of liquid-phase products; distillation; The outlet of the kettle 29 is sequentially connected to the distillation condenser 31 and the liquid collection tank 32 for further distillation of the liquid-phase product, and the final product is obtained and stored in the liquid collection tank 32 .

As another aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system is also provided, comprising:

As above-mentioned lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device;

The photovoltaic power generation device is used to provide electrical energy for the operation of the resistance wire of the heating layer and the magnetic stirrer 10 .

Photovoltaic power generation devices replace conventional power: photovoltaic power generation is used as external energy to provide power, which avoids the problem of insignificant economic benefits caused by high energy consumption.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the photovoltaic power generation device is an off-grid power generation system, which mainly includes a solar panel 33, a solar controller 34, an energy storage device (battery 24) and an AC/DC inverter 35. The energy storage device (battery 24) ), preferably electrochemical energy storage, such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries, lithium-ion batteries, high temperature batteries, redox flow batteries, and the like.

More specifically, the photovoltaic power generation device of the present invention provides electrical loads for power consumption settings such as the resistance wire of the heating layer and the magnetic stirrer 10; in addition, the photovoltaic power generation device is also a distillation condenser 31, a heating circulator 27 and a peristaltic pump 30. The electrical load is provided by the power consumption of the equipment used for post-processing of the product.

Example 1

The reactor designed in the present invention is mainly aimed at scientific research and pilot-scale application of lignocellulose hydrothermal liquefaction. The specific lignocellulose biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system is shown in FIG. 3 . The hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is carried out in a new type of reactor, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the lignocellulosic biomass is crushed to a suitable particle size, and placed in the lining 14 (shown in Figure 2) together with the solid catalyst , and placed in the reaction kettle (catalyst and particle size larger than the sieve hole of the circular cylindrical sieve), then add a certain proportion of deionized water, stir evenly with a glass rod, seal the reaction kettle, and use nitrogen or other active (inert) The gas purge replaces the air in the reactor chamber.

The concrete use process of the present embodiment 1 with the laboratory-level micro-reactor as an object:

Selecting a correct material is very important for the design of pressure vessels. Pressure vessels not only need to withstand pressure, but also have to withstand harsh requirements such as high temperature, low temperature and corrosion. At present, 12Cr ₂ Mo with durable plasticity and weldability is the most commonly used low-alloy heat-resistant high-strength steel in the world. It is widely used in high-temperature and high-pressure vessels in petrochemical industry, thermal power and nuclear power generation equipment.

The capacity of this reactor is 500mL, the material is _12Cr2Mo , the maximum working pressure is 30MPa, the design pressure is 35MPa, the rated temperature of programmed temperature is 500℃, the power is 3kW, the rated speed of magnetic stirrer 10 is 3000rpm, and the lining diameter is 100 mesh (150mm).

Choose rice straw as the representative of lignocellulosic biomass, and choose 30-50 mesh (0.300-0.600mm) after crushing and sieving (note: ensure <100 mesh (150mm)). The granular HZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst was selected as the representative of the solid heterogeneous catalyst (note: ensure <100 mesh (150mm)). 2g HZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst and 15g rice straw powder were put into the reactor lining 14 and fixed in the reactor, then 150mL of deionized water was added, stirred evenly with a glass rod, the reactor was sealed, and the reactor was purged with nitrogen to replace the reactor inner air.

Connect the photovoltaic power generation device (power 3kW, the current cost is expected to be 30,000 yuan) through the reactor to provide electricity to heat the reactor, and maintain a certain reaction time of 2h, set a suitable magnetic stirrer 10 speed, such as 100r/min, to ensure that the material Mix well. After the reaction was completed, the reactor was cooled. When the temperature in the reaction kettle drops to room temperature, open the exhaust valve to collect the gas, open the reaction kettle when the pressure in the reaction kettle is close to the ambient pressure, take out the inner lining 14 and wash the residue with acetone. It is worth noting that the current reaction kettles have no inner lining, and the residues are all over the interior of the reaction kettle and pipelines. The cleaning process wastes cleaning solvents, increases costs, takes time, and is difficult to clean. Using the reaction kettle of the present invention, the residue produced by the reaction is only stored in the inner lining 14. In comparison, the inner lining 14 is easy to disassemble, has a small area and is convenient and quick to clean, and the amount of cleaning solvent (acetone) is small. The inner liner 14 and the stirring paddle 17 are washed successively with acetone, and finally a solid-liquid mixture is obtained. The mixture was filtered through solid-liquid separation device with acetone suction, and the separated solid was dried at 105°C to constant weight, which was defined as residue. Liquid phase (water and oil) #1 and #2 are mixed and evaporated in distillation still 29 to obtain an oil (light oil and heavy oil) water mixture, which is extracted and separated with dichloromethane to obtain a dichloromethane phase compound and water, and dichloromethane The methane phase is evaporated under a constant temperature rotating water bath to remove dichloromethane to obtain a bio-oil with a yield of 30-50 wt%, and the bio-oil can be further refined into chemicals. The specific process is shown in Figure 4.

According to the cost calculation and estimation in this example, as shown in Table 1, the raw material amount of each reaction of the whole process is 15g, the electricity load of 3kW is 2h, and the yield of bio-oil is about 30-50wt%. Each reaction time and treatment time is about 2.5h, assuming that about 4 experiments can be performed per day. The price of rice straw is about 200-300 yuan/t. In the reaction process, it is necessary to use nitrogen gas, water, acetone, dichloromethane, etc. All material costs, water costs, etc. are taken into account. It is estimated that the cost of producing 1t of bio-oil is 1,000 yuan, and the current price of bio-oil is 1,900 yuan. ~ 2000 yuan/t, it can be seen from the comparison that the benefits of the present invention are considerable.

To sum up, the present invention has obvious advantages in production cost and separation process.

Table 1 Cost comparison of the present invention and the current conventional electric-driven current reactor liquefaction system

Note: The cost of preparing 1 t of bio-oil is based on the example.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device, is characterized in that, comprises: a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle comprises a kettle body, and a reaction kettle chamber is formed inside the kettle body; A heating layer is arranged on the outside of the kettle body, and heating oil and resistance wires are arranged in the heating layer for heating the chamber of the reaction kettle; The inner lining is arranged in the reaction kettle chamber, and an interlayer is formed between the inner lining and the reaction kettle chamber; wherein, the inner lining is hollowed out and a spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the inner lining; a magnetic stirrer, comprising a stirring paddle and a magnetic driver, the magnetic driver is arranged at the end of the stirring paddle; the other end of the stirring paddle extends to the inside of the lining; The hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is carried out inside the inner lining, the reacted solid is trapped in the inner lining, and the reacted liquid can be discharged into the interlayer through the hollow of the inner lining to realize solidification liquid separation. 2. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the top of the reactor is provided with a necked butt welding flange, and the necked butt welding flange comprises a flange plate and a flange cover, the flange plate and the kettle body of the reaction kettle are integral; the flange plate and the flange cover are connected by studs and nuts. 3. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flange cover is provided with a magnetic stirrer installation port, and the magnetic drive is passed through the magnetic drive of the magnetic drive. The housing is installed at the installation port of the magnetic stirrer. 4. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the top inner wall of the inner lining is provided with internal threads, extending into the magnetic actuator housing of the reactor chamber The end is provided with an external thread, and the inner lining is connected with the magnetic drive housing through a thread. 5. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flange cover is also provided with a temperature sensor probe mounting port, a pressure sensor probe mounting port and a dielectric constant test probe An installation port, the temperature sensor probe installation port, the pressure sensor probe installation port and the dielectric constant test probe installation port are respectively vertically corresponding to the interlayer. 6. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device according to claim 2, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device further comprises a cooling water circulation pipeline, and the cooling water circulation pipeline is provided with In the interlayer, the cooling water circulation pipeline is arranged in a U-shaped bending shape, and the two ends of the cooling water circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet of the flange cover. 7 . The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device according to claim 2 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device further comprises an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is arranged on the interlayer. 8 . Inside, one end of the air inlet pipe extends to the bottom of the reactor chamber, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the flange cover. 8. The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device according to claim 5, wherein the flange cover is further provided with a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port, and the first row The air port and the second exhaust port respectively correspond to the inside of the interlayer in the vertical direction. 9. A lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction system, characterized in that, comprising: The lignocellulosic biomass hydrothermal liquefaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A photovoltaic power generation device for providing electrical energy for the operation of the resistance wire of the heating layer and the magnetic stirrer.

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