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CN111323665B - Arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction - Google Patents

Arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction Download PDF

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CN111323665B
CN111323665B CN202010191925.4A CN202010191925A CN111323665B CN 111323665 B CN111323665 B CN 111323665B CN 202010191925 A CN202010191925 A CN 202010191925A CN 111323665 B CN111323665 B CN 111323665B
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leakage current
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phase voltage
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CN111323665A (en
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秦吉鹏
颜碧琛
黄海宏
金春阳
陈华
叶超
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Hefei Handu Power Technology Co ltd
Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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    • G—PHYSICS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a lightning arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS time service ratio correction. The method comprises the following steps: synchronously sampling the three-phase voltage PT of the lightning arrester and the leakage current CT of the lightning arrester by using a second pulse signal of GPS time service; correcting the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by adopting a ratio correction method to obtain corrected three-phase voltage PT and corrected leakage current CT; determining a power factor angle, a resistive component of leakage current and a capacitive component of leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT; and analyzing the operating condition of the lightning arrester in the power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current. The invention not only is convenient and fast to measure, but also can improve the precision and the safety of measurement.

Description

基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置、方法及系统Arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及避雷器带电在线检测技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置、方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of on-line detection of surge arresters, in particular to a surge arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction.

背景技术Background technique

氧化锌避雷器作为一种电网保护元件，受长期在运行电压下工作的作用及内部受潮或污垢等因素的影响，其材料出现老化、绝缘性能下降，若不能及时检测到避雷器材料的老化，则可能对电网产生不利影响。氧化锌避雷器材料老化的表现在于泄露电流的明显变化，特别是泄露电流的阻性分量，其基波阻性电流和高次谐波阻性电流显著变化，因此对该装置的泄露电流进行检测分析可以诊断氧化锌避雷器性能下降的原因。As a power grid protection element, the zinc oxide arrester is affected by the long-term operation under the operating voltage and the influence of internal moisture or dirt, and its material will age and the insulation performance will decline. adversely affect the grid. The aging of zinc oxide arrester material is manifested in the obvious change of leakage current, especially the resistive component of leakage current, its fundamental wave resistive current and higher harmonic resistive current change significantly, so the leakage current of the device is detected and analyzed It is possible to diagnose the cause of the degraded performance of zinc oxide arresters.

应用于氧化锌避雷器在线监测的算法通常有三次谐波法、补偿法、谐波分析法等，前两种原理简单但计算精度不高。谐波分析法以快速傅里叶变换算法(FFT)为基础，也存在频谱泄漏、栅栏效应等问题影响阻性泄漏电流的提取精度，进而影响对氧化锌避雷器运行性能的诊断结论。The algorithms used in the online monitoring of zinc oxide arresters usually include the third harmonic method, the compensation method, the harmonic analysis method, etc. The first two principles are simple but the calculation accuracy is not high. Harmonic analysis method is based on fast Fourier transform algorithm (FFT), but there are also problems such as spectrum leakage and fence effect, which affect the extraction accuracy of resistive leakage current, and then affect the diagnosis conclusion of the operating performance of zinc oxide arrester.

氧化锌避雷器的在线监测属于在线带电检测，氧化锌避雷器的运行位置决定了其工作在大电压的环境下，即使其检测的泄漏电流很小，依然在检测装置工作中存在漏电的安全隐患，危及操作人员的人身安全。The online monitoring of zinc oxide arrester belongs to online live detection. The operating position of zinc oxide arrester determines that it works in a large voltage environment. Even if the leakage current detected by the arrester is small, there is still a potential safety hazard of leakage during the operation of the detection device. Personal safety of operators.

传统的氧化锌避雷器检测装置体积大，接线复杂，不利于在现场的操作，限制了检测装置的应用范围。The traditional zinc oxide arrester detection device is bulky and complicated in wiring, which is not conducive to on-site operation and limits the application range of the detection device.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置、方法及系统，不仅测量便捷，而且能够提高测量的精度和安全性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction, which is not only convenient for measurement, but also can improve the accuracy and safety of measurement.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置，包括：采集模块和主机，所述采集模块和主机连接，所述主机用于通过CAP捕获GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令至所述采集模块，所述采集模块用于接收所述采样指令并在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿后采集三相电压和三相避雷器泄露电流。A lightning arrester monitoring device based on GPS timing ratio correction, comprising: an acquisition module and a host, the acquisition module is connected to the host, and the host is used to capture the falling edge of a GPS second pulse through a CAP and issue a sampling instruction to the acquisition module and the acquisition module is configured to receive the sampling instruction and collect the three-phase voltage and the leakage current of the three-phase arrester after the falling edge of the GPS second pulse in the next cycle.

可选的，所述采集模块包括一个PT采集单元和三个CT采集单元，PT采集单元用于采集三相电压并将所述三相电压模拟量转换为数字量；CT采集单元用于采集三相避雷器泄露电流并将所述三相避雷器泄露电流模拟量转换为数字量，所述主机分别与所述PT采集单元和各所述CT采集单元连接。Optionally, the acquisition module includes one PT acquisition unit and three CT acquisition units. The PT acquisition unit is used to acquire three-phase voltage and convert the analog quantity of the three-phase voltage into a digital quantity; the CT acquisition unit is used to acquire the three-phase voltage. The leakage current of the phase arrester is converted into a digital quantity from an analog quantity of the leakage current of the three-phase arrester, and the host is respectively connected to the PT acquisition unit and each of the CT acquisition units.

可选的，所述PT采集单元和各所述CT采集单元均内置16位高精度AD、低功耗MSP430F149单片机和可编程的GPS授时模块。Optionally, the PT acquisition unit and each of the CT acquisition units have built-in 16-bit high-precision AD, low-power MSP430F149 microcontroller and programmable GPS timing module.

可选的，所述主机、所述PT采集单元和所述CT采集单元均内置无线通信单元。Optionally, the host, the PT acquisition unit and the CT acquisition unit all have built-in wireless communication units.

一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法，包括：A lightning arrester monitoring method based on GPS timing ratio correction, comprising:

利用GPS授时的秒脉冲信号同步采样避雷器的三相电压PT和避雷器的泄露电流CT；The three-phase voltage PT of the arrester and the leakage current CT of the arrester are sampled synchronously by using the second pulse signal of GPS timing;

对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用比值校正法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT；The three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT are corrected by a ratio correction method, and the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT are obtained;

根据所述校正后的三相电压PT和所述校正后的泄露电流CT，确定功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量和泄漏电流的容性分量；According to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, determine the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current;

根据所述功率因数角、所述泄漏电流的阻性分量和所述泄漏电流的容性分量，分析所述避雷器在电网中的运行状况。According to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current, the operation status of the arrester in the power grid is analyzed.

可选的，所述对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用比值校正法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，具体包括：Optionally, the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT are corrected by using a ratio correction method to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, which specifically includes:

对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用加汉宁窗方法，得到加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT；adopting the Hanning window method for the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window;

根据所述加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和所述加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT采用快速傅里叶变换算法进行变换，得到频域内的三相电压PT和频域内的泄露电流CT；According to the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window, the fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to transform, and the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage in the frequency domain are obtained. current CT;

根据所述频域内的三相电压PT和所述频域内的泄露电流CT采用比值频谱校正算法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，所述校正后的三相电压PT包括校正后的三相电压幅值和校正后的三相电压相位，所述校正后的泄露电流CT包括校正后的泄露电流幅值和校正后的泄露电流相位。According to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain, the ratio spectrum correction algorithm is used for correction, and the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT are obtained. The voltage PT includes corrected three-phase voltage amplitudes and corrected three-phase voltage phases, and the corrected leakage current CT includes corrected leakage current amplitudes and corrected leakage current phases.

可选的，所述根据所述校正后的三相电压PT和所述校正后的泄露电流CT，确定功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量和泄漏电流的容性分量，具体包括：Optionally, determining the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current, and the capacitive component of the leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, specifically including:

根据所述校正后的泄露电流相位和所述校正后的三相电压相位，得到电流初始相位角和电压初始相位角；According to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase, obtain the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle;

根据所述电流初始相位角和所述电压初始相位角，确定初始相位差角度，所述初始相位差角度为功率因数角；Determine an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, where the initial phase difference angle is a power factor angle;

获取泄露电流基波分量、泄露电流各次谐波分量和各次谐波的相位差角度；Obtain the fundamental component of leakage current, each harmonic component of leakage current and the phase difference angle of each harmonic;

根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000041
得到泄露电流基波阻性分量；其中，I1为泄露电流基波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000042
为初始相位差角度，Ir1为泄露电流基波阻性分量；According to the fundamental wave component of the leakage current and the initial phase difference angle, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000041
Obtain the fundamental wave resistive component of leakage current; among them, I 1 is the fundamental wave component of leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000042
is the initial phase difference angle, and I r1 is the fundamental resistive component of the leakage current;

根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000043
得到泄露电流谐波阻性分量；其中，In为泄露电流各次谐波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000044
为各次谐波的相位差角度，Irn为泄露电流谐波阻性分量；Formulas are used according to the harmonic components of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000043
Obtain the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current; among them, I n is the harmonic component of each order of the leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000044
is the phase difference angle of each harmonic, and I rn is the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current;

根据所述泄露电流基波阻性分量和所述泄露电流谐波阻性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000045
得到泄漏电流的阻性分量；其中，Ir为泄漏电流的阻性分量；According to the fundamental wave resistive component of the leakage current and the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000045
Obtain the resistive component of the leakage current; where I r is the resistive component of the leakage current;

根据泄露电流基波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000046
得到泄露电流基波容性分量；其中，Ic1为泄露电流基波容性分量；According to the leakage current fundamental component and the phase difference angle, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000046
Obtain the fundamental capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I c1 is the fundamental capacitive component of leakage current;

根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000047
得到泄露电流谐波容性分量；其中，Inc为泄露电流谐波容性分量；Formulas are used according to the harmonic components of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000047
Obtain the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I nc is the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current;

根据所述泄露电流基波容性分量和所述泄露电流谐波容性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000051
得到泄露电流的容性分量，Ic为泄露电流的容性分量。According to the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current and the harmonic capacitive component of the leakage current, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000051
The capacitive component of the leakage current is obtained, and I c is the capacitive component of the leakage current.

一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测系统，包括：A lightning arrester monitoring system based on GPS timing ratio correction, comprising:

采样模块，用于利用GPS授时的秒脉冲信号同步采样避雷器的三相电压PT和避雷器的泄露电流CT；The sampling module is used to synchronously sample the three-phase voltage PT of the arrester and the leakage current CT of the arrester by using the second pulse signal of GPS timing;

校正模块，用于对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用比值校正法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT；a correction module, configured to correct the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by using a ratio correction method to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT;

计算模块，用于根据所述校正后的三相电压PT和所述校正后的泄露电流CT，确定功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量和泄漏电流的容性分量；a calculation module, configured to determine the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT;

分析模块，用于根据所述功率因数角、所述泄漏电流的阻性分量和所述泄漏电流的容性分量，分析所述避雷器在电网中的运行状况。An analysis module, configured to analyze the operation status of the arrester in the power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current.

可选的，所述校正模块，具体包括：Optionally, the calibration module specifically includes:

时域电压/电流计算单元，用于对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用加汉宁窗方法，得到加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT；The time-domain voltage/current calculation unit is used for applying the Hanning window method to the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the Hanning window time domain and the Hanning window time domain leakage current CT;

傅里叶变换单元，用于根据所述加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和所述加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT采用快速傅里叶变换算法进行变换，得到频域内的三相电压PT和频域内的泄露电流CT；The Fourier transform unit is used to transform the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window using a fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the three-phase voltage in the frequency domain. Phase voltage PT and leakage current CT in frequency domain;

校正单元，用于根据所述频域内的三相电压PT和所述频域内的泄露电流CT采用比值频谱校正算法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，所述校正后的三相电压PT包括校正后的三相电压幅值和校正后的三相电压相位，所述校正后的泄露电流CT包括校正后的泄露电流幅值和校正后的泄露电流相位。A correction unit, configured to perform correction using a ratio spectrum correction algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain, to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, the The corrected three-phase voltage PT includes corrected three-phase voltage amplitudes and corrected three-phase voltage phases, and the corrected leakage current CT includes corrected leakage current amplitudes and corrected leakage current phases.

可选的，所述计算模块，具体包括：Optionally, the computing module specifically includes:

初始相位角确定单元，用于根据所述校正后的泄露电流相位和所述校正后的三相电压相位，得到电流初始相位角和电压初始相位角；an initial phase angle determination unit, configured to obtain the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle according to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase;

功率因数角确定单元，用于根据所述电流初始相位角和所述电压初始相位角，确定初始相位差角度，所述初始相位差角度为功率因数角；a power factor angle determination unit, configured to determine an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, where the initial phase difference angle is the power factor angle;

获取单元，用于获取泄露电流基波分量、泄露电流各次谐波分量和各次谐波的相位差角度；an acquisition unit, used for acquiring the fundamental wave component of the leakage current, each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle of each harmonic;

泄露电流基波阻性分量计算单元，用于根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000061
得到泄露电流基波阻性分量；其中，I1为泄露电流基波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000062
为初始相位差角度，Ir1为泄露电流基波阻性分量；A leakage current fundamental wave resistive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000061
Obtain the fundamental wave resistive component of leakage current; among them, I 1 is the fundamental wave component of leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000062
is the initial phase difference angle, and I r1 is the fundamental resistive component of the leakage current;

泄露电流谐波阻性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000063
得到泄露电流谐波阻性分量；其中，In为泄露电流各次谐波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000064
为各次谐波的相位差角度，Irn为泄露电流谐波阻性分量；A leakage current harmonic resistive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000063
Obtain the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current; among them, I n is the harmonic component of each order of the leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000064
is the phase difference angle of each harmonic, and I rn is the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current;

泄漏电流的阻性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流基波阻性分量和所述泄露电流谐波阻性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000071
得到泄漏电流的阻性分量；其中，Ir为泄漏电流的阻性分量；A resistive component calculation unit of leakage current, configured to adopt a formula according to the fundamental wave resistive component of the leakage current and the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current
Figure GDA0003526017140000071
Obtain the resistive component of the leakage current; where I r is the resistive component of the leakage current;

泄露电流基波容性分量计算单元，用于根据泄露电流基波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000072
得到泄露电流基波容性分量；其中，Ic1为泄露电流基波容性分量；The leakage current fundamental wave capacitive component calculation unit is used to adopt the formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000072
Obtain the fundamental capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I c1 is the fundamental capacitive component of leakage current;

泄露电流谐波容性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000073
得到泄露电流谐波容性分量；其中，Inc为泄露电流谐波容性分量；A leakage current harmonic capacitive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000073
Obtain the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I nc is the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current;

泄露电流的容性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流基波容性分量和所述泄露电流谐波容性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000074
得到泄露电流的容性分量，Ic为泄露电流的容性分量。a capacitive component calculation unit of the leakage current, configured to adopt a formula according to the fundamental wave capacitive component of the leakage current and the harmonic capacitive component of the leakage current
Figure GDA0003526017140000074
The capacitive component of the leakage current is obtained, and I c is the capacitive component of the leakage current.

根据本发明提供的具体实施例，本发明公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

本发明提供了一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置、方法及系统，将GPS授时和比值校正算法用于避雷器带电监测，综合考虑了通讯距离、耗电量、算法简易程度以及成本的因素，选择了最优通讯方式，组成无线通讯网络；通过GPS授时芯片的秒脉冲下降沿实现各电流和电压的同步采样；通过对电流和电压数据进行基于加汉宁窗的比值校正算法的谐波检测，获取避雷器阻、容性电流及功率因数角及其他数据，据此对氧化锌避雷器运行状况做出诊断；本发明方法测量精度高、安全可靠、实用便捷。The invention provides a lightning arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction. The GPS timing and ratio correction algorithm is used for the live monitoring of the arrester, and the factors of communication distance, power consumption, algorithm simplicity and cost are comprehensively considered. , choose the optimal communication method to form a wireless communication network; realize the synchronous sampling of each current and voltage through the falling edge of the second pulse of the GPS timing chip; through the harmonic current and voltage data based on the ratio correction algorithm of the Hanning window Detection, acquisition of arrester resistance, capacitive current, power factor angle and other data, based on which the operation status of the zinc oxide arrester is diagnosed; the method of the invention has high measurement accuracy, safety, reliability, practicality and convenience.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

图1为本发明避雷器监测装置结构图；Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the arrester monitoring device of the present invention;

图2为本发明避雷器监测数据分析方法图；Fig. 2 is the analysis method diagram of the arrester monitoring data of the present invention;

图3为本发明基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法流程图；Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the arrester monitoring method based on GPS timing ratio correction of the present invention;

图4为本发明基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测系统结构图。FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the arrester monitoring system based on GPS timing ratio correction according to the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明的目的是提供一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置、方法及系统，不仅测量便捷，而且能够提高测量的精度和安全性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester monitoring device, method and system based on GPS timing ratio correction, which is not only convenient for measurement, but also can improve the accuracy and safety of measurement.

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例1：Example 1:

图1为本发明避雷器监测装置结构图。如图1所示，一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测装置包括：采集模块和主机，所述采集模块和主机连接，所述主机用于通过CAP捕获GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令至所述采集模块，所述采集模块用于接收所述采样指令并在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿后采集三相电压和三相避雷器泄露电流。所述采集模块包括一个PT采集单元和三个CT采集单元，PT采集单元用于采集三相电压并将所述三相电压模拟量转换为数字量；CT采集单元用于采集三相避雷器泄露电流并将所述三相避雷器泄露电流模拟量转换为数字量，所述主机分别与所述PT采集单元和各所述CT采集单元连接。FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the arrester monitoring device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , a lightning arrester monitoring device based on GPS timing ratio correction includes: an acquisition module and a host, the acquisition module is connected to the host, and the host is used to capture the falling edge of the GPS second pulse through the CAP and issue a sampling instruction To the acquisition module, the acquisition module is configured to receive the sampling instruction and acquire the three-phase voltage and the leakage current of the three-phase arrester after the falling edge of the GPS second pulse in the next cycle. The acquisition module includes a PT acquisition unit and three CT acquisition units. The PT acquisition unit is used to collect three-phase voltage and convert the analog quantity of the three-phase voltage into a digital quantity; the CT acquisition unit is used to collect the leakage current of the three-phase arrester. The analog quantity of the leakage current of the three-phase arrester is converted into a digital quantity, and the host is respectively connected with the PT acquisition unit and each of the CT acquisition units.

PT采集单元通过电流型电压互感器采集三相电压，内置16位高精度AD和低功耗MSP430F149单片机，将三相电压模拟量转换为数字量；CT采集单元通过母线内置式微型精密交流电流互感器分别采集三相避雷器泄露电流，内置16位高精度AD和低功耗MSP430F149单片机，将三相避雷器泄露电流模拟量转换为数字量。The PT acquisition unit collects the three-phase voltage through the current-type voltage transformer, and has a built-in 16-bit high-precision AD and low-power MSP430F149 microcontroller to convert the three-phase voltage analog to digital; the CT acquisition unit uses a built-in miniature precision AC current transformer through the bus The device collects the leakage current of the three-phase arrester respectively, and has a built-in 16-bit high-precision AD and low-power MSP430F149 microcontroller to convert the analog leakage current of the three-phase arrester into a digital value.

主机配置TMS320F28335数字处理器、串行EEPROM存储芯片、RS232通信驱动芯片、液晶显示屏，通过键盘实现人机交互，可操作性高。主机、PT采集单元和CT采集单元均内置无线通信模块，组成无线通讯网。主机、PT采集单元和CT采集单元均内置可编程的GPS授时模块，主机通过CAP捕获GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令，PT采集单元和CT采集单元接收采样指令后在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿启动同步采样。主机、PT采集单元和CT采集单元的元器件选型为低功耗器件均由可充电电池供电，可连续工作在3小时以上。The host is equipped with TMS320F28335 digital processor, serial EEPROM memory chip, RS232 communication driver chip, liquid crystal display screen, and human-computer interaction through the keyboard, with high operability. The host, PT acquisition unit and CT acquisition unit all have built-in wireless communication modules to form a wireless communication network. The host, PT acquisition unit and CT acquisition unit all have built-in programmable GPS timing modules. The host captures the falling edge of the GPS second pulse through the CAP and sends a sampling instruction. After the PT acquisition unit and the CT acquisition unit receive the sampling instruction, the next cycle of GPS seconds The falling edge of the pulse initiates synchronous sampling. The components of the host, PT acquisition unit and CT acquisition unit are selected as low-power devices, which are powered by rechargeable batteries and can work continuously for more than 3 hours.

主机与采集模块组成无线通信网络，此种方式隔绝了检测装置在工作过程中由于采集避雷器三相电压和三相泄漏电流而可能发生的漏电隐患，同时作为无线收发器的Zigbee模块，其传输距离远、可靠性高，最高有效范围达250米。主机与采集模块利用GPS授时的秒脉冲信号实现了三相电压PT和泄露电流CT的同步采样。The host and the acquisition module form a wireless communication network. This method isolates the leakage hidden danger that may occur due to the acquisition of the three-phase voltage and three-phase leakage current of the arrester during the working process of the detection device. At the same time, as the Zigbee module of the wireless transceiver, its transmission distance Long distance, high reliability, the highest effective range is 250 meters. The host and the acquisition module realize the synchronous sampling of the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by using the second pulse signal of the GPS timing.

图2为本发明避雷器监测数据分析方法图。如图2所示，主机通过CAP捕获引脚检测到GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令，PT采集单元和三个CT采集单元接收采样指令后在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿开启对AD采样芯片的采样转换，采样三相电压和避雷器泄漏电流共六组数据，待接收到主机的召唤命令后依次将采样数据通过Zigbee无线串口收发模块以无线通信方式传输至主机中，通过基于加汉宁窗比值校正法的谐波检测算法获取避雷器泄露电流基波和各谐波频率、幅值、相位角，包括阻性分量和容性分量及峰值；避雷器电压基波和各谐波频率、幅值、相位角；三相电压间的相位差角度；避雷器的功率因数角，等数据分析结果。然后将各项运算处理结果作为判断避雷器于电网中运行状况的依据，将数据和判断结果显示在显示屏中，所述判断避雷器运行状况的依据有：泄漏电流的阻性分量及容性分量是否在正常范围；避雷器的功率因数角是否在正常范围内。FIG. 2 is a diagram of a method for analyzing the monitoring data of the arrester according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the host sends a sampling command after detecting the falling edge of the GPS second pulse through the CAP capture pin. After receiving the sampling command, the PT acquisition unit and the three CT acquisition units turn on the GPS second pulse falling edge of the next cycle. The sampling conversion of the sampling chip, sampling three-phase voltage and arrester leakage current, a total of six sets of data, after receiving the call command from the host, the sampling data will be transmitted to the host in wireless communication through the Zigbee wireless serial port transceiver module. The harmonic detection algorithm of the Ning window ratio correction method obtains the fundamental wave of the arrester leakage current and the frequency, amplitude and phase angle of each harmonic, including the resistive component, capacitive component and peak value; the fundamental wave of the arrester voltage and the frequency and amplitude of each harmonic value, phase angle; phase difference angle between three-phase voltages; power factor angle of arrester, etc. data analysis results. Then, the operation and processing results are used as the basis for judging the operation status of the arrester in the power grid, and the data and judgment results are displayed on the display screen. The basis for judging the operation status of the arrester is: whether the resistive component and capacitive component of the leakage current are Within the normal range; whether the power factor angle of the arrester is within the normal range.

主机在CAP口捕获GPS秒脉冲下降沿后通过无线通讯下发采样指令，PT采集单元和CT采集单元接收采样指令后在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿启动同步采样，PT通过内置的16位高精度AD转换芯片将三相电压模拟量转换为数字量，CT通过内置的16位高精度AD转换芯片。After the host captures the falling edge of the GPS second pulse on the CAP port, it sends a sampling command through wireless communication. After receiving the sampling command, the PT acquisition unit and the CT acquisition unit start synchronous sampling on the falling edge of the GPS second pulse in the next cycle. The PT passes the built-in 16-bit high. The precision AD conversion chip converts the three-phase voltage analog quantity into digital quantity, and the CT passes through the built-in 16-bit high-precision AD conversion chip.

PT采集单元，其通过电流型电压互感器采集三相电压，内置高精度AD和低功耗MSP430单片机，将三相电压模拟量转换为数字量；配置三个CT采集单元，通过母线内置式微型精密交流电流互感器分别采集三相避雷器泄露电流，内置高精度AD和低功耗MSP430单片机，将三相避雷器泄露电流模拟量转换为数字量；主机配置液晶显示屏、TMS320F28335数字处理器、串行EEPROM存储芯片、RS232驱动芯片。主机、PT采集单元和CT采集单元均内置无线通信模块，组成无线通讯网。主机、PT采集单元和CT采集单元均内置可编程的GPS授时模块，主机通过CAP捕获GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令，PT采集单元和CT采集单元接收采样指令后在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿启动同步采样，数据采集结束后主机获取数据并进行谐波分析，计算出所需数据，通过数据分析氧化锌避雷器的运行状况，显示在液晶屏中，同时将计算所得的数据存储在串行EEPROM内。PT acquisition unit, which collects three-phase voltage through current-type voltage transformer, built-in high-precision AD and low-power MSP430 single-chip microcomputer, and converts the three-phase voltage analog quantity into digital quantity; three CT acquisition units are configured, and built-in micro The precision AC current transformer collects the leakage current of the three-phase arrester respectively, and has built-in high-precision AD and low-power MSP430 single-chip microcomputer, which converts the leakage current of the three-phase arrester into a digital quantity; the host is equipped with a liquid crystal display, TMS320F28335 digital processor, serial EEPROM memory chip, RS232 driver chip. The host, PT acquisition unit and CT acquisition unit all have built-in wireless communication modules to form a wireless communication network. The host, PT acquisition unit and CT acquisition unit all have built-in programmable GPS timing modules. The host captures the falling edge of the GPS second pulse through the CAP and sends a sampling instruction. After the PT acquisition unit and the CT acquisition unit receive the sampling instruction, the next cycle of GPS seconds The falling edge of the pulse starts synchronous sampling. After the data acquisition, the host acquires the data and performs harmonic analysis, calculates the required data, analyzes the operation status of the zinc oxide arrester through the data, displays it on the LCD screen, and stores the calculated data in the within the serial EEPROM.

PT采集单元通过3个电流型电压互感器采集经过外部PT降压过的三相电压信号。该电流型电压互感器变比为2mA:2mA，互感器原边通过限流电阻把被测电压转换为不高于2mA的电流，互感器副边感应相同的电流，并通过对地电阻转换为电压信号。由于电压互感器输出侧带载能力有限，对地电阻的阻值要求在一定范围内，即转换后的电压信号偏低，峰值仅为0.5V，与后级AD的测量范围相差较远。为提高测量精度，设置运放同向放大电路和跟随电路将其电压信号放大后再进入AD进行数模转换。因PT采集单元为便携式设计，故其设计时电路元件均按低功耗进行元件选型。该电路中的微控制器为TI公司低功耗单片机MSP430F149，该单片机采集通过串口与无线通讯Zigbee模块连接，响应主机命令，同时检测GPS秒脉冲下降沿，在主机采样命令下达后的GPS秒脉冲下降沿，开启采集三相电压信号，并采用数组形式存贮，在接收到主机召唤数据命令时，将数据上传。该电路采用9.6V/1800mAh可充电电池组供电。The PT acquisition unit collects the three-phase voltage signal that has been stepped down by the external PT through three current-type voltage transformers. The transformation ratio of the current-type voltage transformer is 2mA:2mA. The primary side of the transformer converts the measured voltage into a current not higher than 2mA through the current limiting resistor, and the secondary side of the transformer induces the same current, which is converted into voltage signal. Due to the limited load capacity of the output side of the voltage transformer, the resistance value of the ground resistance is required to be within a certain range, that is, the converted voltage signal is low, and the peak value is only 0.5V, which is far from the measurement range of the subsequent AD. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, set the op amp co-directional amplifying circuit and follower circuit to amplify its voltage signal and then enter the AD for digital-to-analog conversion. Because the PT acquisition unit is a portable design, the circuit components are selected according to low power consumption during the design. The microcontroller in this circuit is TI's low-power microcontroller MSP430F149. The microcontroller is connected to the wireless communication Zigbee module through the serial port, responds to the host command, and detects the falling edge of the GPS second pulse. The GPS second pulse after the host sampling command is issued On the falling edge, start to collect three-phase voltage signals, and store them in the form of arrays, and upload the data when receiving the host call data command. The circuit is powered by a 9.6V/1800mAh rechargeable battery pack.

CT采集单元通过1个电流互感器采集经过避雷器泄露电流信号。该电流互感器变比为100mA:2.5mA，互感器副边通过对地电阻转换为电压信号。由于电流互感器输出侧带载能力有限，对地电阻的阻值要求在一定范围内，即转换后的电压信号偏低，峰值仅为0.5V，与后级AD的测量范围相差较远。为提高测量精度，设置运放同向放大电路和跟随电路将其电压信号放大后再进入AD进行数模转换。因CT采集单元为便携式设计，故其设计时电路元件均按低功耗进行元件选型。该电路中的微控制器为TI公司低功耗单片机MSP430F149，该单片机采集通过串口与无线通讯Zigbee模块连接，响应主机命令，同时检测GPS秒脉冲下降沿，在主机采样命令下达后的GPS秒脉冲下降沿，开启采集泄露电流信号，并采用数组形式存贮，在接收到主机召唤数据命令时，将数据上传。该电路采用9.6V/1800mAh可充电电池组供电。The CT acquisition unit collects the leakage current signal passing through the arrester through a current transformer. The transformation ratio of the current transformer is 100mA: 2.5mA, and the secondary side of the transformer is converted into a voltage signal through the grounding resistance. Due to the limited load capacity of the output side of the current transformer, the resistance value of the ground resistance is required to be within a certain range, that is, the converted voltage signal is low, and the peak value is only 0.5V, which is far from the measurement range of the subsequent AD. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, set the op amp co-directional amplifying circuit and follower circuit to amplify its voltage signal and then enter the AD for digital-to-analog conversion. Because the CT acquisition unit is a portable design, the circuit components are selected according to low power consumption during the design. The microcontroller in this circuit is TI's low-power microcontroller MSP430F149. The microcontroller is connected to the wireless communication Zigbee module through the serial port, responds to the host command, and detects the falling edge of the GPS second pulse. The GPS second pulse after the host sampling command is issued On the falling edge, start collecting the leakage current signal, and store it in the form of an array, and upload the data when receiving the host call data command. The circuit is powered by a 9.6V/1800mAh rechargeable battery pack.

主机的微控制器为TI公司数字处理芯片TMS320F28335，该单片机采集通过串口与无线通讯Zigbee模块连接，检测GPS秒脉冲下降沿后通过广播模式对PT和CT装置下发数据采集命令，实现PT和CT装置的同步采样。采集结束后，主机对PT采集单元和3个CT采集单元逐一进行召唤，获得三相电压和三相避雷器泄露电流数据，进行基于比值校正法的谐波分析，计算三相电压及3、5、7次谐波含量；计算三相避雷器泄露电流的全电流、阻性电流、容性电流和各类电流的谐波含量等参数，对避雷器状态进行判断。主机通过液晶和键盘接口建立人机交互系统。该电路采用9.6V/3300mAh可充电电池组供电。The microcontroller of the host is TMS320F28335, a digital processing chip from TI. The microcontroller is connected to the wireless communication Zigbee module through the serial port. After detecting the falling edge of the GPS second pulse, it sends data collection commands to the PT and CT devices through broadcast mode to realize PT and CT. Synchronous sampling of the device. After the acquisition, the host calls the PT acquisition unit and the three CT acquisition units one by one to obtain the three-phase voltage and three-phase arrester leakage current data, perform harmonic analysis based on the ratio correction method, and calculate the three-phase voltage and 3, 5, 7th harmonic content; calculate the parameters such as the full current, resistive current, capacitive current and harmonic content of various currents of the leakage current of the three-phase arrester, and judge the state of the arrester. The host establishes a human-computer interaction system through the LCD and keyboard interface. The circuit is powered by a 9.6V/3300mAh rechargeable battery pack.

实施例2：Example 2:

图3为本发明基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法流程图。一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法包括：FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the arrester monitoring method based on GPS timing ratio correction according to the present invention. A lightning arrester monitoring method based on GPS timing ratio correction includes:

步骤101：利用GPS授时的秒脉冲信号同步采样避雷器的三相电压PT和避雷器的泄露电流CT；具体的，主机通过CAP捕获引脚检测到GPS秒脉冲下降沿后下发采样指令，PT采集单元和三个CT采集单元接收采样指令后在下一周期的GPS秒脉冲下降沿开启对AD采样芯片的采样转换，分别采样128个数据点共六组数据。PT采集单元通过电流型电压互感器采集三相电压，实现电压采样相移<30’、运放取样的非线性度<0.1％。CT采集单元通过1个电流互感器采集经过避雷器泄露电流信号，采用母线内置式微型精密交流电流互感器实现泄露电流采样相移<20’、取样非线性度<0.2％，采样电路后级的高精度运放采用放大和跟随的两级结构，16位AD采样芯片同MSP430F149的数据传输方式为SPI同步串行通信。Step 101: Synchronously sample the three-phase voltage PT of the arrester and the leakage current CT of the arrester by using the second pulse signal of GPS timing; specifically, the host sends a sampling instruction after detecting the falling edge of the GPS second pulse through the CAP capture pin, and the PT acquisition unit After receiving the sampling instruction with the three CT acquisition units, the sampling conversion of the AD sampling chip is turned on at the falling edge of the GPS second pulse of the next cycle, and 128 data points are sampled respectively in a total of six groups of data. The PT acquisition unit collects the three-phase voltage through the current-type voltage transformer, and realizes the phase shift of the voltage sampling <30' and the nonlinearity of the op amp sampling <0.1%. The CT acquisition unit collects the leakage current signal passing through the arrester through a current transformer, and adopts the built-in miniature precision AC current transformer in the busbar to realize the leakage current sampling phase shift <20', sampling nonlinearity <0.2%, and the high-speed sampling circuit after the sampling circuit. The precision operational amplifier adopts a two-stage structure of amplification and follow-up, and the data transmission mode between the 16-bit AD sampling chip and the MSP430F149 is SPI synchronous serial communication.

步骤102：对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用比值校正法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，具体包括：Step 102: Correct the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by using a ratio correction method to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, which specifically includes:

对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用加汉宁窗方法，得到加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT。Using the Hanning window method for the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT, the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window are obtained.

根据所述加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和所述加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT采用快速傅里叶变换算法进行变换，得到频域内的三相电压PT和频域内的泄露电流CT。According to the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window, the fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to transform, and the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage in the frequency domain are obtained. Current CT.

根据所述频域内的三相电压PT和所述频域内的泄露电流CT采用比值频谱校正算法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，所述校正后的三相电压PT包括校正后的三相电压幅值和校正后的三相电压相位，所述校正后的泄露电流CT包括校正后的泄露电流幅值和校正后的泄露电流相位。According to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain, the ratio spectrum correction algorithm is used for correction, and the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT are obtained. The voltage PT includes corrected three-phase voltage amplitudes and corrected three-phase voltage phases, and the corrected leakage current CT includes corrected leakage current amplitudes and corrected leakage current phases.

使用FFT获取到泄露电流基波和谐波及电压基波和谐波与真实值相比偏差很大，不能直接将其用于避雷器运行状况分析，所以需要将FFT的计算结果经过校正算法处理后得到基波和谐波精确的幅值和相位。因此为校正基波和谐波的真实偏移频率量，获取基波和谐波精确的精确的幅值和相位信息，减弱其栅栏效应遮掩真实基波和谐波谱线的不利影响，将泄露电流和电压采样数据上传至主机后通过FFT的基于加汉宁窗比值校正算法，获取校正后精确的避雷器泄露电流的基波和谐波幅值和相位、避雷器电压基波和谐波幅值和相位。所述基于加汉宁窗比值校正法的计算方法如下，以A相泄露电流的采样数据为例：Compared with the real value, the fundamental wave and harmonic of leakage current and the fundamental wave and harmonic of voltage obtained by using FFT are greatly deviated from the real value, and they cannot be directly used for the analysis of the operation condition of the arrester. Accurate amplitude and phase of waves and harmonics. Therefore, in order to correct the real offset frequency of the fundamental wave and harmonics, obtain accurate and precise amplitude and phase information of the fundamental wave and harmonics, and reduce the adverse effects of the fence effect covering the real fundamental wave and harmonic spectral lines, the leakage will be leaked. After the current and voltage sampling data are uploaded to the host, the fundamental and harmonic amplitude and phase of the arrester leakage current, the fundamental and harmonic amplitudes and phase. The calculation method based on the Hanning window ratio correction method is as follows, taking the sampled data of phase A leakage current as an example:

(1)对上传至主机的A相泄露电流采样数据加汉宁窗，所加汉宁窗时域表达式为：(1) Add a Hanning window to the A-phase leakage current sampling data uploaded to the host, and the time domain expression of the added Hanning window is:

Figure GDA0003526017140000151
Figure GDA0003526017140000151

(2)对加汉宁窗的A相泄露电流采样数据进行FFT计算，其频域变换结果为：(2) FFT calculation is performed on the sampled data of phase A leakage current with Hanning window, and the result of frequency domain transformation is:

Figure GDA0003526017140000152
Figure GDA0003526017140000152

式中f0为A相泄露电流频率，A为A相泄露电流幅值，θ为初相位，T为汉宁窗长，W(f)是汉宁窗的频域窗谱函数，表达式如下：In the formula, f 0 is the frequency of the leakage current of phase A, A is the amplitude of the leakage current of phase A, θ is the initial phase, T is the length of the Hanning window, W(f) is the frequency domain window spectral function of the Hanning window, and the expression is as follows :

Figure GDA0003526017140000153
Figure GDA0003526017140000153

将式(2)代入式(1)，取模离散化后得离散频谱模函数：Substitute Equation (2) into Equation (1), and obtain the discrete spectral modulus function after modulo discretization:

Figure GDA0003526017140000154
Figure GDA0003526017140000154

(3)在频率点主瓣峰顶左右取两条幅值最大和次大的谱线，通过两条谱线的比值建立与校正频率间的函数关系。(3) Take two spectral lines with the largest and second largest amplitudes on the left and right of the peak of the main lobe at the frequency point, and establish a functional relationship with the correction frequency through the ratio of the two spectral lines.

若幅值最大的谱线yk在前，次最大的谱线yk+1在后，则：If the spectral line with the largest amplitude y k is in the front, and the next largest spectral line y k+1 is in the back, then:

Figure GDA0003526017140000155
Figure GDA0003526017140000155

Figure GDA0003526017140000156
Figure GDA0003526017140000156

若幅值最大的谱线yk在后，次最大的谱线yk-1在前，则：If the spectral line with the largest amplitude y k is in the back, and the next largest spectral line y k-1 is in the front, then:

Figure GDA0003526017140000157
Figure GDA0003526017140000157

Figure GDA0003526017140000158
Figure GDA0003526017140000158

式中

Figure GDA0003526017140000159
为校正频率。由式(5)、式(7)的可见，两条谱线的比值即为所加汉宁窗谱函数的比值。通过已知的汉宁窗谱函数W(f)建立与校正频率
Figure GDA0003526017140000161
的函数关系，结果如式(6)、式(8)所示。in the formula
Figure GDA0003526017140000159
for the correction frequency. It can be seen from equations (5) and (7) that the ratio of the two spectral lines is the ratio of the added Hanning window spectral function. Establish and correct frequency by known Hanning window spectral function W(f)
Figure GDA0003526017140000161
The functional relationship of , the results are shown in formula (6) and formula (8).

(4)利用比值频谱校正算法得出的校正频率

Figure GDA0003526017140000162
对A相泄漏电流的幅值和相位计算结果进行校正，校正后的幅值和相位校正公式如式(9)、式(10)所示；(4) Correction frequency obtained by using ratio spectrum correction algorithm
Figure GDA0003526017140000162
Correct the amplitude and phase calculation results of the A-phase leakage current. The corrected amplitude and phase correction formulas are shown in equations (9) and (10);

Figure GDA0003526017140000163
Figure GDA0003526017140000163

Figure GDA0003526017140000164
Figure GDA0003526017140000164

通过汉宁窗谱函数的比值建立一个关于校正频率的函数关系，求解得到校正频率后对FFT计算的A相泄漏电流的幅值和相位结果进行校正，得到精确的A相避雷器泄露电流的幅值和相位，校正频率与校正后的泄露电流的幅值和相位的关系如式(9)、式(10)所示。所述获取的避雷器泄露电流幅值和相位包括泄露电流的基波分量I1的幅值A1、相位角φi1和各次谐波分量In的幅值An、相位角φin，获取的避雷器电压幅值和相位包括电压的基波分量U1的相位角φu1，和各次谐波分量Un的相位角φun，避雷器电流信息和电压信息经过步骤三的运算处理后得到功率因数角和泄漏电流阻性、容性分量作为分析避雷器运行状况的依据。A functional relationship about the correction frequency is established by the ratio of the Hanning window spectral function. After the correction frequency is obtained, the amplitude and phase results of the A-phase leakage current calculated by FFT are corrected to obtain the accurate amplitude of the A-phase arrester leakage current. and phase, the relationship between the correction frequency and the corrected leakage current amplitude and phase are shown in equations (9) and (10). The obtained arrester leakage current amplitude and phase include the amplitude A1, the phase angle φ i1 of the fundamental component I1 of the leakage current, the amplitude An and the phase angle φ in of each harmonic component In, and the obtained arrester voltage amplitude. The value and phase include the phase angle φ u1 of the fundamental component U1 of the voltage, and the phase angle φ un of each harmonic component Un. After the arrester current information and voltage information are processed in step 3, the power factor angle and leakage current resistance are obtained. The capacitive and capacitive components are used as the basis for analyzing the operation status of the arrester.

步骤103：根据所述校正后的三相电压PT和所述校正后的泄露电流CT，确定功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量和泄漏电流的容性分量，具体包括：Step 103: Determine the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current, and the capacitive component of the leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, specifically including:

根据所述校正后的泄露电流相位和所述校正后的三相电压相位，得到电流初始相位角和电压初始相位角。According to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase, the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle are obtained.

根据所述电流初始相位角和所述电压初始相位角，确定初始相位差角度，所述初始相位差角度为功率因数角。According to the initial phase angle of the current and the initial phase angle of the voltage, an initial phase difference angle is determined, and the initial phase difference angle is a power factor angle.

获取泄露电流基波分量、泄露电流各次谐波分量和各次谐波的相位差角度。Obtain the fundamental component of leakage current, each harmonic component of leakage current, and the phase difference angle of each harmonic.

根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000171
得到泄露电流基波阻性分量；其中，I1为泄露电流基波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000172
为初始相位差角度，Ir1为泄露电流基波阻性分量。According to the fundamental wave component of the leakage current and the initial phase difference angle, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000171
Obtain the fundamental wave resistive component of leakage current; among them, I 1 is the fundamental wave component of leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000172
is the initial phase difference angle, and I r1 is the fundamental resistive component of the leakage current.

根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000173
得到泄露电流谐波阻性分量；其中，In为泄露电流各次谐波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000174
为各次谐波的相位差角度，Irn为泄露电流谐波阻性分量。Formulas are used according to the harmonic components of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000173
Obtain the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current; among them, I n is the harmonic component of each order of the leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000174
is the phase difference angle of each harmonic, and I rn is the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current.

根据所述泄露电流基波阻性分量和所述泄露电流谐波阻性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000175
得到泄漏电流的阻性分量；其中，Ir为泄漏电流的阻性分量。According to the fundamental wave resistive component of the leakage current and the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000175
Obtain the resistive component of the leakage current; where I r is the resistive component of the leakage current.

根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000176
得到泄露电流基波容性分量；其中，Ic1为泄露电流基波容性分量。According to the fundamental wave component of the leakage current and the initial phase difference angle, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000176
Obtain the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current; wherein, I c1 is the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current.

根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000177
得到泄露电流谐波容性分量；其中，Inc为泄露电流谐波容性分量。Formulas are used according to the harmonic components of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000177
Obtain the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I nc is the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current.

根据所述泄露电流基波容性分量和所述泄露电流谐波容性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000178
得到泄露电流的容性分量，Ic为泄露电流的容性分量。According to the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current and the harmonic capacitive component of the leakage current, the formula is adopted
Figure GDA0003526017140000178
The capacitive component of the leakage current is obtained, and I c is the capacitive component of the leakage current.

步骤104：根据所述功率因数角、所述泄漏电流的阻性分量和所述泄漏电流的容性分量，分析所述避雷器在电网中的运行状况。Step 104: Analyze the operation status of the arrester in the power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current, and the capacitive component of the leakage current.

将避雷器的功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量Ir及容性分量Ic作为避雷器于电网中运行状况的分析指标，将运算结果(功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量Ir及容性分量Ic)和分析结果(避雷器运行状况)显示在显示屏中，并通过SPI通讯将运算和分析结果作为历史数据存储在EEPROM存储芯片内方便对运算、分析结果的读取。所述避雷器运行状况的判断依据有：泄露电流的阻性分量Ir应不超过全电流的0.2倍，泄露电流的容性分量Ir应不小于全电流的0.8倍；避雷器的功率因数角：当功率因数角度在83°～90°，避雷器运行状态判定为优；当角度在80°～83°，避雷器运行状态判定为良；当角度在77°～80°，避雷器运行状态判定为中；当角度在75°～77°，避雷器运行状态判定为差；当角度在0°～75°，避雷器运行状态判定为劣。The power factor angle of the arrester, the resistive component I r and the capacitive component I c of the leakage current are used as the analysis indicators of the operation status of the arrester in the power grid, and the calculation results (the power factor angle, the resistive component I r and the capacitive component of the leakage current) The characteristic component I c ) and the analysis result (operation status of the arrester) are displayed on the display screen, and the operation and analysis results are stored as historical data in the EEPROM memory chip through SPI communication to facilitate the reading of the operation and analysis results. The basis for judging the operation status of the arrester is as follows: the resistive component I r of the leakage current should not exceed 0.2 times the full current, and the capacitive component I r of the leakage current should not be less than 0.8 times the full current; the power factor angle of the arrester: When the power factor angle is between 83° and 90°, the operation state of the arrester is judged as excellent; when the angle is between 80° and 83°, the operation state of the arrester is judged as good; when the angle is between 77° and 80°, the operation state of the arrester is judged as medium; When the angle is between 75° and 77°, the operation state of the arrester is judged to be poor; when the angle is between 0° and 75°, the operation state of the arrester is judged to be poor.

实施例3：Example 3:

对应于上述实施例2的基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法，本实施例提供一种基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测系统，图4为本发明基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测系统结构图。如图4所示，该基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测系统包括：Corresponding to the arrester monitoring method based on GPS timing ratio correction in the above-mentioned embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a lightning arrester monitoring system based on GPS timing ratio correction. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the arrester monitoring system based on GPS timing ratio correction according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the arrester monitoring system based on GPS timing ratio correction includes:

采样模块201，用于利用GPS授时的秒脉冲信号同步采样避雷器的三相电压PT和避雷器的泄露电流CT。The sampling module 201 is used for synchronously sampling the three-phase voltage PT of the arrester and the leakage current CT of the arrester by using the second pulse signal of the GPS timing.

校正模块202，用于对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用比值校正法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT。The correction module 202 is configured to correct the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by using a ratio correction method to obtain a corrected three-phase voltage PT and a corrected leakage current CT.

计算模块203，用于根据所述校正后的三相电压PT和所述校正后的泄露电流CT，确定功率因数角、泄漏电流的阻性分量和泄漏电流的容性分量。The calculation module 203 is configured to determine the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT.

分析模块204，用于根据所述功率因数角、所述泄漏电流的阻性分量和所述泄漏电流的容性分量，分析所述避雷器在电网中的运行状况。The analysis module 204 is configured to analyze the operation status of the arrester in the power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current, and the capacitive component of the leakage current.

所述校正模块202，具体包括：The correction module 202 specifically includes:

时域电压/电流计算单元，用于对所述三相电压PT和所述泄露电流CT采用加汉宁窗方法，得到加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT。The time-domain voltage/current calculation unit is used for applying the Hanning window method to the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the Hanning window time domain and the Hanning window time domain leakage current CT.

傅里叶变换单元，用于根据所述加汉宁窗时域内的三相电压PT和所述加汉宁窗时域内的泄露电流CT采用快速傅里叶变换算法进行变换，得到频域内的三相电压PT和频域内的泄露电流CT。The Fourier transform unit is used to transform the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window using a fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the three-phase voltage in the frequency domain. Phase voltage PT and leakage current CT in the frequency domain.

校正单元，用于根据所述频域内的三相电压PT和所述频域内的泄露电流CT采用比值频谱校正算法进行校正，得到校正后的三相电压PT和校正后的泄露电流CT，所述校正后的三相电压PT包括校正后的三相电压幅值和校正后的三相电压相位，所述校正后的泄露电流CT包括校正后的泄露电流幅值和校正后的泄露电流相位。A correction unit, configured to perform correction using a ratio spectrum correction algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain, to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, the The corrected three-phase voltage PT includes corrected three-phase voltage amplitudes and corrected three-phase voltage phases, and the corrected leakage current CT includes corrected leakage current amplitudes and corrected leakage current phases.

所述计算模块203，具体包括：The computing module 203 specifically includes:

初始相位角确定单元，用于根据所述校正后的泄露电流相位和所述校正后的三相电压相位，得到电流初始相位角和电压初始相位角。The initial phase angle determination unit is configured to obtain the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle according to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase.

功率因数角确定单元，用于根据所述电流初始相位角和所述电压初始相位角，确定初始相位差角度，所述初始相位差角度为功率因数角。A power factor angle determination unit, configured to determine an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, where the initial phase difference angle is the power factor angle.

获取单元，用于获取泄露电流基波分量、泄露电流各次谐波分量和各次谐波的相位差角度。The obtaining unit is used for obtaining the fundamental wave component of the leakage current, each harmonic component of the leakage current, and the phase difference angle of each harmonic.

泄露电流基波阻性分量计算单元，用于根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000201
得到泄露电流基波阻性分量；其中，I1为泄露电流基波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000202
为初始相位差角度，Ir1为泄露电流基波阻性分量。A leakage current fundamental wave resistive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000201
Obtain the fundamental wave resistive component of leakage current; among them, I 1 is the fundamental wave component of leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000202
is the initial phase difference angle, and I r1 is the fundamental resistive component of the leakage current.

泄露电流谐波阻性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000203
得到泄露电流谐波阻性分量；其中，In为泄露电流各次谐波分量，
Figure GDA0003526017140000204
为各次谐波的相位差角度，Irn为泄露电流谐波阻性分量。A leakage current harmonic resistive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000203
Obtain the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current; among them, I n is the harmonic component of each order of the leakage current,
Figure GDA0003526017140000204
is the phase difference angle of each harmonic, and I rn is the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current.

泄漏电流的阻性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流基波阻性分量和所述泄露电流谐波阻性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000205
得到泄漏电流的阻性分量；其中，Ir为泄漏电流的阻性分量。A resistive component calculation unit of leakage current, configured to adopt a formula according to the fundamental wave resistive component of the leakage current and the harmonic resistive component of the leakage current
Figure GDA0003526017140000205
Obtain the resistive component of the leakage current; where I r is the resistive component of the leakage current.

泄露电流基波容性分量计算单元，用于根据泄露电流基波分量和所述初始相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000206
得到泄露电流基波容性分量；其中，Ic1为泄露电流基波容性分量。The leakage current fundamental wave capacitive component calculation unit is used to adopt the formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000206
Obtain the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current; wherein, I c1 is the fundamental capacitive component of the leakage current.

泄露电流谐波容性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流各次谐波分量和所述相位差角度采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000207
得到泄露电流谐波容性分量；其中，Inc为泄露电流谐波容性分量。A leakage current harmonic capacitive component calculation unit, configured to adopt a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure GDA0003526017140000207
Obtain the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current; wherein, I nc is the harmonic capacitive component of leakage current.

泄露电流的容性分量计算单元，用于根据所述泄露电流基波容性分量和所述泄露电流谐波容性分量采用公式

Figure GDA0003526017140000211
得到泄露电流的容性分量，Ic为泄露电流的容性分量。a capacitive component calculation unit of the leakage current, configured to adopt a formula according to the fundamental wave capacitive component of the leakage current and the harmonic capacitive component of the leakage current
Figure GDA0003526017140000211
The capacitive component of the leakage current is obtained, and I c is the capacitive component of the leakage current.

本发明基于GPS授时比值校正的避雷器监测方法将GPS授时和比值校正算法用于避雷器带电监测，综合考虑了通讯距离、耗电量、算法简易程度以及成本的因素，选择了最优通讯方式，组成无线通讯网络；通过GPS授时芯片的秒脉冲下降沿实现各电流和电压的同步采样；通过对电流和电压数据进行基于加汉宁窗的比值校正算法的谐波检测，获取避雷器阻、容性电流及功率因数角及其他数据，据此对氧化锌避雷器运行状况做出诊断；本发明方法测量精度高、安全可靠、实用便捷。The arrester monitoring method based on the GPS timing ratio correction of the present invention uses the GPS timing and ratio correction algorithm for the live monitoring of the arrester, and comprehensively considers the factors of communication distance, power consumption, algorithm simplicity and cost, and selects the optimal communication method. Wireless communication network; realize the synchronous sampling of each current and voltage through the falling edge of the second pulse of the GPS timing chip; obtain the arrester resistance and capacitive current by performing harmonic detection based on the ratio correction algorithm of the Hanning window for the current and voltage data. and power factor angle and other data, according to which the operation status of the zinc oxide arrester is diagnosed; the method of the invention has high measurement accuracy, safety, reliability, practicality and convenience.

本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的系统而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant part can be referred to the description of the method. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an arrester monitoring devices based on GPS time service ratio is rectified which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an acquisition module and a host, wherein the acquisition module is connected with the host, the host is used for capturing a GPS second pulse falling edge through CAP and then sending a sampling instruction to the acquisition module, and the acquisition module is used for receiving the sampling instruction and acquiring a three-phase voltage PT and a three-phase lightning arrester leakage current CT after the next period of the GPS second pulse falling edge; adopt the ratio correction method to rectify three-phase voltage PT and leakage current CT, obtain the three-phase voltage PT after the correction and the leakage current CT after the correction, specifically include:
Adopting a Hanning window adding method for the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in a Hanning window adding time domain and the leakage current CT in the Hanning window adding time domain;
according to the three-phase voltage PT in the time domain of the Hanning window and the leakage current CT in the time domain of the Hanning window, a fast Fourier transform algorithm is adopted for conversion to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain;
correcting by using a ratio frequency spectrum correction algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain to obtain a corrected three-phase voltage PT and a corrected leakage current CT, wherein the corrected three-phase voltage PT comprises a corrected three-phase voltage amplitude and a corrected three-phase voltage phase, and the corrected leakage current CT comprises a corrected leakage current amplitude and a corrected leakage current phase;
determining a power factor angle, a resistive component of leakage current and a capacitive component of leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, specifically comprising:
obtaining a current initial phase angle and a voltage initial phase angle according to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase;
Determining an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, wherein the initial phase difference angle is a power factor angle;
acquiring a leakage current fundamental component, each harmonic component of leakage current and a phase difference angle of each harmonic;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000021
Obtaining a resistive component of a leakage current fundamental wave; wherein, I1In order to be the fundamental component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000022
to an initial phase difference angle, Ir1Is a leakage current fundamental wave resistive component;
adopting a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000023
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic resistive component; wherein, InFor each harmonic component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000024
angle of phase difference for each harmonic, IrnTo let outA current harmonic resistive component;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave resistive component and the leakage current harmonic resistive component
Figure FDA0003641679880000025
Obtaining a resistive component of the leakage current; wherein, IrIs the resistive component of the leakage current;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000026
Obtaining leakage current fundamental wave capacitive components; wherein, Ic1Is leakage current fundamental capacitive component;
Adopting a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000027
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic capacitive component; wherein, IncIs a leakage current harmonic capacitive component;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental capacitive component and the leakage current harmonic capacitive component
Figure FDA0003641679880000028
Obtaining a capacitive component of the leakage current, IcIs a capacitive component of leakage current.
2. The lightning arrester monitoring device based on GPS time service ratio correction according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition module comprises a three-phase voltage PT acquisition unit and three leakage current CT acquisition units, and the three-phase voltage PT acquisition unit is used for acquiring three-phase voltage and converting the three-phase voltage analog quantity into digital quantity; the leakage current CT acquisition unit is used for acquiring leakage current of the three-phase lightning arrester and converting leakage current analog quantity of the three-phase lightning arrester into digital quantity, and the host is respectively connected with the three-phase voltage PT acquisition unit and each leakage current CT acquisition unit.
3. The lightning arrester monitoring device based on GPS time service ratio correction of claim 2, wherein the three-phase voltage PT acquisition unit and each leakage current CT acquisition unit are internally provided with a 16-bit high-precision AD, a low-power MSP430F149 singlechip and a programmable GPS time service module.
4. The lightning arrester monitoring device based on GPS time service ratio correction of claim 2, wherein the host, the three-phase voltage PT acquisition unit and the leakage current CT acquisition unit are all internally provided with wireless communication units.
5. An arrester monitoring method based on GPS time service ratio correction is characterized in that the monitoring method is applied to the arrester monitoring device based on GPS time service ratio correction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
synchronously sampling a three-phase voltage PT of the lightning arrester and a leakage current CT of the lightning arrester by using a second pulse signal of GPS time service;
correcting the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by adopting a ratio correction method to obtain corrected three-phase voltage PT and corrected leakage current CT;
determining a power factor angle, a resistive component of leakage current and a capacitive component of leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT;
analyzing the operating condition of the lightning arrester in a power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current;
the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT are corrected by adopting a ratio correction method to obtain the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Adopting a Hanning window adding method for the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in a Hanning window adding time domain and the leakage current CT in the Hanning window adding time domain;
transforming by adopting a fast Fourier transform algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the Hanning window time domain and the leakage current CT in the Hanning window time domain to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain;
correcting by adopting a ratio frequency spectrum correction algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain to obtain a corrected three-phase voltage PT and a corrected leakage current CT, wherein the corrected three-phase voltage PT comprises a corrected three-phase voltage amplitude and a corrected three-phase voltage phase, and the corrected leakage current CT comprises a corrected leakage current amplitude and a corrected leakage current phase;
determining a power factor angle, a resistive component of leakage current and a capacitive component of leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT, specifically comprising:
obtaining a current initial phase angle and a voltage initial phase angle according to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase;
Determining an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, wherein the initial phase difference angle is a power factor angle;
obtaining a leakage current fundamental component, each harmonic component of the leakage current and a phase difference angle of each harmonic;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000051
Obtaining a resistive component of a leakage current fundamental wave; wherein, I1In order to be the fundamental component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000052
to an initial phase difference angle, Ir1Is a leakage current fundamental wave resistive component;
according to the harmonic components of the leakage current and the phase difference angleUsing the formula
Figure FDA0003641679880000053
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic resistive component; wherein, InFor each harmonic component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000054
angle of phase difference for each harmonic, IrnIs a leakage current harmonic resistive component;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave resistive component and the leakage current harmonic resistive component
Figure FDA0003641679880000055
Obtaining a resistive component of the leakage current; wherein, IrIs the resistive component of the leakage current;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000056
Obtaining leakage current fundamental wave capacitive components; wherein, Ic1Is leakage current fundamental capacitive component;
Adopting a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000057
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic capacitive component; wherein, IncIs a leakage current harmonic capacitive component;
adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental capacitive component and the leakage current harmonic capacitive component
Figure FDA0003641679880000061
Obtaining a capacitive component of the leakage current, IcIs a capacitive component of leakage current.
6. The utility model provides an arrester monitoring system based on GPS time service ratio is rectified which characterized in that includes:
the sampling module is used for synchronously sampling the three-phase voltage PT of the lightning arrester and the leakage current CT of the lightning arrester by using the second pulse signal of GPS time service;
the correction module is used for correcting the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT by adopting a ratio correction method to obtain a corrected three-phase voltage PT and a corrected leakage current CT;
the calculation module is used for determining a power factor angle, a resistive component of leakage current and a capacitive component of leakage current according to the corrected three-phase voltage PT and the corrected leakage current CT;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the operation condition of the lightning arrester in the power grid according to the power factor angle, the resistive component of the leakage current and the capacitive component of the leakage current;
The correction module specifically comprises:
the time domain voltage/current calculating unit is used for obtaining the three-phase voltage PT in the Hanning window adding time domain and the leakage current CT in the Hanning window adding time domain by adopting a Hanning window adding method for the three-phase voltage PT and the leakage current CT;
the Fourier transform unit is used for carrying out transform by adopting a fast Fourier transform algorithm according to the three-phase voltage PT in the Hanning window time domain and the leakage current CT in the Hanning window time domain to obtain the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain;
the correction unit is used for correcting according to the three-phase voltage PT in the frequency domain and the leakage current CT in the frequency domain by adopting a ratio frequency spectrum correction algorithm to obtain a corrected three-phase voltage PT and a corrected leakage current CT, wherein the corrected three-phase voltage PT comprises a corrected three-phase voltage amplitude and a corrected three-phase voltage phase, and the corrected leakage current CT comprises a corrected leakage current amplitude and a corrected leakage current phase;
the calculation module specifically includes:
the initial phase angle determining unit is used for obtaining a current initial phase angle and a voltage initial phase angle according to the corrected leakage current phase and the corrected three-phase voltage phase;
A power factor angle determining unit, configured to determine an initial phase difference angle according to the current initial phase angle and the voltage initial phase angle, where the initial phase difference angle is a power factor angle;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a leakage current fundamental component, each harmonic component of leakage current and a phase difference angle of each harmonic;
a leakage current fundamental wave resistive component calculation unit for adopting a formula according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the initial phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000071
Obtaining a resistive component of a leakage current fundamental wave; wherein, I1In order to be the fundamental component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000072
to an initial phase difference angle, Ir1Is a leakage current fundamental wave resistive component;
a leakage current harmonic resistive component calculation unit for adopting a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000073
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic resistive component; wherein, InFor each harmonic component of the leakage current,
Figure FDA0003641679880000074
angle of phase difference for each harmonic, IrnIs a leakage current harmonic resistive component;
a resistive component calculation unit of leakage current for calculating the resistive component of the leakage current according to the resistive component of the leakage current fundamental wave and the resistive component of the leakage current harmonic wave by using a formula
Figure FDA0003641679880000075
Obtaining a resistive component of the leakage current; wherein, IrA resistive component of leakage current;
a leakage current fundamental wave capacitive component calculating unit for adopting formula I according to the leakage current fundamental wave component and the initial phase difference anglec1＝I1sin(φu1-φi1) Obtaining a leakage current fundamental wave capacitive component; wherein, Ic1Is leakage current fundamental capacitive component;
a leakage current harmonic capacitive component calculation unit for adopting a formula according to each harmonic component of the leakage current and the phase difference angle
Figure FDA0003641679880000081
Obtaining a leakage current harmonic capacitive component; wherein, IncIs a leakage current harmonic capacitive component;
a leakage current capacitive component calculation unit for applying a formula according to the leakage current fundamental capacitive component and the leakage current harmonic capacitive component
Figure FDA0003641679880000082
Obtaining a capacitive component of the leakage current, IcIs a capacitive component of leakage current.
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