CN111310273B - Full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method and system based on multi-source data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method and system based on multi-source data, belongs to the technical field of bridge monitoring, and solves the problems of low monitoring efficiency and poor reliability in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: collecting structural apparent data and mechanical response data of a full bridge to be evaluated; respectively obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the acquired structure apparent data and mechanical response data; the method fuses intuitiveness and instantaneity of bridge monitoring and improves monitoring efficiency and reliability of monitoring results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method and system based on multi-source data.
Background
After the bridge is built, the bridge is easily damaged due to the influence of weather, corrosion, oxidation or aging and the like and the long-term static load and live load, and accordingly the strength and the rigidity of the bridge are reduced with the increase of time. This not only can influence the safety of driving a vehicle, can also make the life of bridge shorten.
The traditional bridge safety state monitoring method is mainly characterized in that the bridge technical condition is assessed by manual visual inspection or appearance detection information obtained by means of portable instrument measurement, and in recent years, the structural health monitoring (Strutural Health Monitoring, SHM) technology is widely applied to safety monitoring of a large-span bridge.
The prior art has the defects that firstly, the manual visual inspection method has long period, strong subjectivity and poor timeliness, and is difficult to realize real-time quantitative tracking of the structural safety performance; secondly, the structural health monitoring (Strutural Health Monitoring, SHM) technology can acquire mechanical response information such as stress, deflection and the like of the bridge structure, but cannot acquire apparent degradation conditions of the bridge structure, so that the method is not visual.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide a full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method and system based on multi-source data, which are used for solving the problems that the intuitiveness and instantaneity of bridge monitoring, low monitoring efficiency and poor reliability cannot be considered in the prior art.
In one aspect, the invention provides a full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method based on multi-source data, which comprises the following steps:
collecting structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data of a full bridge to be evaluated;
respectively obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the collected structure apparent data and the structure mechanics response data;
and obtaining a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure based on the weights of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system.
Further, the structural apparent data comprises one or more of defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel bar corrosion degree and steel bar protection layer thickness, and the structural mechanical response data comprises one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement;
The defect degree, the concrete strength degradation degree, the reinforcement corrosion degree and the reinforcement protection layer thickness are obtained through portable instrument measurement; and measuring and obtaining the structural strain, the transverse correlation coefficient, the structural acceleration, the structural deflection, the cable force, the fatigue stress, the temperature and the displacement by arranging sensing equipment on the bridge.
Further, the bridge structure safety state evaluation model obtains the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following procedures:
obtaining a first structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural apparent data, and obtaining a second structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural mechanical response data;
and obtaining the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system according to the weight value of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data, which influence the safety state of the bridge structure, based on the result.
Further, the obtaining the first structural safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system according to the structural appearance data, and obtaining the second structural safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system according to the structural mechanics response data includes:
One or more data included in the structural apparent data correspond to one or more indexes, one or more data included in the structural mechanical response data correspond to one or more indexes, and safety condition representation values of indexes of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and bridge deck system corresponding parts are obtained according to the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data respectively;
the safety condition characterization value obtained based on the structural apparent data respectively obtains the first safety state result of the bridge superstructure by the following formula:
the first safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the bridge deck system first safety state results are:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI 'is the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure' m DCCI 'is the safety state result of the mth component of the bridge substructure' n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B' m 、B' n The weight values of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system corresponding parts relative to the corresponding bridge structure are PCCI 'respectively' p 、BCCI' p 、DCCI' p B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the p index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on the structural apparent data p1 、b p2 、b p3 The p-th index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system is respectively related to the weight value of the structural apparent data, Q, M, N is the number of the components of the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, and s is the index number included in the structural apparent data;
The safety condition characterization values obtained based on the structural mechanics response data are respectively obtained through the following formulas
The second safety state result of the bridge superstructure is:
the second safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the second safety state of the bridge deck system results in:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI for the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure " m DCCI "for safety state outcome for mth component of bridge substructure" n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B” m 、B” n The weight values of all parts in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system relative to the corresponding bridge structure are respectively PCCI' f 、BCCI" f 、DCCI" f B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on structural mechanics response data f1 、b f2 、b f3 The f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system is a weight value related to structural mechanics response data, and t is the index number included in the structural mechanics response data.
Further, the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, substructure and deck system are obtained by the following formulas, respectively:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”，
wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 The weight values of structural mechanics response data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system are respectively obtained.
Further, according to the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system, the full bridge structure safety state result is obtained by the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB ，
wherein Dr is a full bridge structureSecurity state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a weight value of the lower structure in a full bridge structure safety state.
Further, the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data are characterized as two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data is characterized as an index;
the weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
Calculating to obtain a corresponding feature vector by utilizing a feature equation corresponding to the judgment matrix, normalizing the feature vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to a structural apparent factor or a structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value;
and calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
wherein a' 1 、a" 2 B, respectively obtaining weight values of structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data on the influence of the bridge structure safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
According to the technical effects, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the data adopted by the monitoring method provided by the invention not only comprises the structural apparent data of the bridge to be monitored, but also comprises the structural mechanical response data of the bridge to be monitored, and simultaneously, the intuitiveness of the structural apparent data and the instantaneity of the structural mechanical response data are taken into consideration, so that the reliability of the safety monitoring result of the bridge structure is improved;
2. According to the invention, the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure is obtained through the weight values of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data on the safety state of the bridge structure, and the monitoring result of the safety state of the full bridge structure is obtained according to the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure and the weight values of each part of the bridge structure on the safety state of the full bridge structure, so that the safety multi-angle, multi-layer and omnibearing monitoring of the full bridge structure is realized, the monitoring efficiency and the reliability of the monitoring result are improved, and the applicability is strong.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a full-bridge security status monitoring system based on multi-source data, comprising
The acquisition device is used for acquiring structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data of the full-bridge structure to be evaluated, and comprises a portable measuring instrument and sensing equipment; the structural apparent data comprises one or more of defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel bar corrosion degree and steel bar protection layer thickness, and the structural mechanical response data comprises one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement; the portable measuring instrument is used for acquiring the structural apparent data, and the sensing equipment is used for acquiring the structural mechanical response data;
The processing device is used for obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the acquired structure apparent data and the structural mechanics response data; and obtaining a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure based on the weights of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system.
Further, the processing device obtains a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure through the following process:
obtaining a first structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural apparent data, and obtaining a second structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural mechanical response data;
based on the above results, the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system are obtained by the following formulas, respectively:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”，
wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 The weight values of structural mechanics response data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge are respectively obtained;
And obtaining a full-bridge structure safety state result according to the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB ，
wherein Dr is the full-bridge structure safety state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a weight value of the lower structure in a full bridge structure safety state.
Further, the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data are characterized as two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data is characterized as an index;
the weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
calculating to obtain a corresponding feature vector by utilizing a feature equation corresponding to the judgment matrix, normalizing the feature vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to a structural apparent factor or a structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value;
And calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
wherein a' 1 、a" 2 B, respectively obtaining weight values of structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data on the influence of the bridge structure safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
The full-bridge structural safety state monitoring system has the same principle as the monitoring method, so the monitoring system has the technical effect corresponding to the monitoring method.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the safety state of a full bridge structure according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an index system of a bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a full-bridge safety state monitoring system according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In one embodiment of the present application, a full-bridge structure security state monitoring method based on multi-source data is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data of a full bridge to be evaluated;
s2, acquiring comprehensive safety state results of a bridge upper structure, a bridge lower structure and a bridge deck system by utilizing an established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the acquired structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data;
and S3, obtaining a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure based on the weights of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system.
Preferably, the structural apparent data in the step S1 includes one or more of defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel bar corrosion degree and steel bar protection layer thickness, and the structural mechanical response data includes one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement;
the defect degree, the concrete strength degradation degree, the reinforcement corrosion degree and the reinforcement protection layer thickness are obtained through portable instrument measurement; and measuring and obtaining the structural strain, the transverse correlation coefficient, the structural acceleration, the structural deflection, the cable force, the fatigue stress, the temperature and the displacement by arranging sensing equipment on the bridge.
Specifically, structural apparent data such as defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, reinforcing steel bar corrosion degree, reinforcing steel bar protection layer thickness and the like are obtained by a manual visual inspection mode or a measurement mode by means of a portable instrument, and can be called detection data; structural mechanical response data such as structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement are obtained through measurement of sensing equipment arranged on a bridge, and can be called monitoring data. By way of example, the structural strain and the structural acceleration are obtained by measuring with a strain sensor and an acceleration sensor, respectively, and the lateral correlation coefficient can be calculated from the structural strain or the structural acceleration data as known to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 2, an exemplary index system of the bridge structure safety state evaluation model in step S2 includes a target layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, where the target layer is a bridge structure safety evaluation result, the criterion layer includes a structure appearance factor and a result internal force factor, and correspondingly, indexes corresponding to the structure appearance factor include defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel reinforcement corrosion degree and steel reinforcement protection layer thickness, and indexes corresponding to the structure internal force factor include structure strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structure acceleration, structure deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement.
Considering different bridges, the weight value of the influence of each index on the bridge structure safety state result is different, or part of indexes have no influence on the bridge structure safety state result, so that different indexes can be selected according to actual conditions to establish a bridge structure safety state evaluation model.
Specifically, in the step S2, the bridge structure safety state evaluation model obtains the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following procedures:
s21, respectively obtaining first safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural apparent data, and obtaining second safety state evaluation results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system according to structural mechanics response data;
And S22, obtaining the comprehensive safety state result of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge according to the weight value of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanics response data on the safety state of the bridge structure based on the result.
Preferably, in the step S21, a first safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system is obtained according to the structural appearance data, and a second safety state evaluation result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system is obtained according to the structural mechanics response data, including:
step S211, one or more data included in the structural apparent data correspond to one or more indexes, one or more data included in the structural mechanical response data correspond to one or more indexes, and safety condition representation values of the indexes of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system corresponding parts are obtained according to the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data respectively; specifically, respectively comparing the structural apparent data and the structural mechanics response data of each index of each part of the bridge structure corresponding to each part of the bridge structure with the evaluation standard to obtain a corresponding safety condition characterization value; wherein the evaluation criterion can be determined according to the Highway bridge technical Condition evaluation criterion (JTG/T H21-2011).
Step S212, the safety condition characterization values obtained based on the structural apparent data are respectively obtained by the following formulas
The first safety state result of the bridge superstructure is:
the first safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the bridge deck system first safety state results are:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI 'is the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure' m DCCI 'is the safety state result of the mth component of the bridge substructure' n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B' m 、B' n The weight values of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system corresponding parts relative to the corresponding bridge structure are PCCI 'respectively' p 、BCCI' p 、DCCI' p B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the p index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on the structural apparent data p1 、b p2 、b p3 The p-th index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system is respectively related to the weight value of the structural apparent data, Q, M, N is the number of the components of the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, and s is the index number included in the structural apparent data;
step S213, the safety condition characterization values obtained based on the structural mechanics response data are respectively obtained by the following formulas
The second safety state result of the bridge superstructure is:
the second safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the second safety state of the bridge deck system results in:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI for the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure " m DCCI "for safety state outcome for mth component of bridge substructure" n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B” m 、B” n The weight values of all parts in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system relative to the corresponding bridge structure are respectively PCCI' f 、BCCI" f 、DCCI" f B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on structural mechanics response data f1 、b f2 、b f3 The f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system is a weight value related to structural mechanics response data, and t is the index number included in the structural mechanics response data.
Preferably, in step S22, the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, substructure and deck system are obtained by the following formulas, respectively:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 x BDCI ", equation three
Wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 Respectively structural mechanical response data to bridgeWeight value of influence of safety state of the part structure, the lower part structure and the bridge deck system.
Preferably, in step S3, the full bridge structure safety state result is obtained according to the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, substructure and deck system by the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB equation four
Wherein Dr is the full-bridge structure safety state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a weight value of the lower structure in a full bridge structure safety state. Preferably, the value of each weight value, preferably W, is determined by referring to Highway bridge technical Condition assessment Standard D The value is 0.2, W SP The value is 0.4, W SB The value is 0.4.
Specifically, the weight value of each index in the bridge structure safety state evaluation model about each factor, the weight value of each factor affecting the bridge structure safety state, and the weight value of each index affecting the bridge structure safety state are obtained in the following manner.
The structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data are qualitatively taken as two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data is qualitatively taken as an index;
The weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
step 1, comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
wherein the scale of the comparison is shown in Table 2,
TABLE 2
| Scale with a scale bar | Meaning of |
| 1 | Representing that the two factors have the same importance compared with each other |
| 3 | The former is slightly more important than the latter in terms of two factors |
| 5 | The former is significantly more important than the latter in comparison with two factors |
| 7 | The former is more important than the latter in terms of two factors |
| 9 | The former is extremely important than the latter in terms of two factors |
| 2，4，6，8 | Intermediate value representing the above-mentioned adjacency judgment |
| Reciprocal count | If the importance ratio of the factors i and j is a ij Then the ratio of the importance of i and j is a ji ＝1/a ij |
In order to improve accuracy of importance degree comparison, consistency of the judgment matrix is also required to be checked, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain judgmentThe absolute value of the broken matrix is the maximum eigenvalue and takes the positive value lambda max ；
Calculating the consistency of the judgment matrix:
CI＝(λ max -n)/(n-1)，
if CI=0, judging that the matrix has complete consistency, and ending the test; if ci+.0, then further calculation is needed, specifically:
If CR < 0.1, the inconsistency of the judgment matrix is considered to be acceptable; otherwise, readjusting the value of the judgment matrix element until the requirement is met.
The RI is shown in table 3, where n is the order of the judgment matrix.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| n | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| RI | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.90 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.32 | 1.41 | 1.45 | 1.49 | 1.51 |
Step 2, calculating by utilizing a characteristic equation corresponding to the judgment matrix to obtain a corresponding characteristic vector, normalizing the characteristic vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value, namely a weight value of the structural apparent factor and the structural internal force factor on the safety state of the bridge structure and a weight value of each index relative to the structural apparent factor and the structural internal force factor respectively;
and step 3, calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
wherein a' 1 、a" 2 Respectively the apparent number of structuresB, weighting value of influence of structural mechanics response data on bridge structural safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
The structural safety state of a hollow slab bridge of a highway is monitored, the safety state representation value of each index of the upper structure, the lower structure and the corresponding parts of the bridge deck system of the bridge based on structural apparent data and the weight value of each part relative to the corresponding bridge structure are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
Table 1 is based on the data obtained by monitoring the structural safety state of a highway hollow slab bridge; the test data in table 1 correspond to structural appearance data obtained by manual visual inspection or by means of portable instrument measurement, and the monitoring data correspond to structural mechanical response data obtained by measurement of sensing devices laid on the bridge.
The natural vibration frequency in table 1 is obtained by fourier transforming the acquired acceleration data; the transverse correlation coefficient index is obtained through the structural acceleration calculation of two adjacent beams.
For example, the monitoring of the structural safety state of the highway hollow slab bridge is performed, a part of indexes have no influence on the structural safety state result of the highway hollow slab bridge, so that corresponding index data are not measured, and secondly, the weight value of the influence of a part of indexes (part of index data not listed in table 1) obtained by using a hierarchical analysis method on the structural safety state of the bridge is far smaller than the weight value of the influence of other indexes (index data listed in table 1) on the structural safety state of the bridge, so that the indexes with little influence on the structural safety state of the bridge can be ignored, the monitoring reliability is ensured, the monitoring cost is reduced, and the structural safety state of the bridge is monitored based on the index data listed in table 1 in the example.
Specifically, in the formula III, for the bridge superstructure, the influence weight of the structural apparent data on the bridge structure safety state is 0.33, and the influence weight of the structural mechanical response data on the bridge structure state is 0.67, so a 1 The value is 0.33, a' 1 The value is 0.67; since the structural mechanical response data of the bridge substructure and the bridge deck system are not monitored, the influence weight of the structural appearance data on the safety state of the bridge structure is 1, and the influence weight of the structural mechanical response data on the state of the bridge structure is 0, thus a 2 、a 3 The value is 1, a' 2 、a' 3 The value is 0.
As can be seen from the table, only a part of the component index data is listed, for this case, the exemplary lower structural component abutment has only the defect degree index, and the corresponding weight is 0.3, and then the weight value of the abutment defect degree index with respect to the structural mechanical response data is 1, and 0.3 is the weight value of the component abutment with respect to the safety state of the bridge lower structure.
Based on table 1, the structural safety state results of the bridge superstructure, substructure and deck system based on structural appearance data are obtained according to equation one:
the safety condition characterization value obtained based on the structural apparent data respectively obtains the first safety state result of the bridge superstructure by the following formula:
The first safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the bridge deck system first safety state results are:
the safety condition characterization values obtained based on the structural mechanics response data are respectively obtained through the following formulas
The second safety state result of the bridge superstructure is:
considering that only the upper bearing part of the bridge upper structure has structural strain indexes and natural vibration frequency indexes, and the general bearing part only has transverse correlation coefficient indexes, so that the weight of each part about the safety state of the bridge upper structure is not considered, and the weight of three indexes about the safety state of the bridge upper structure is only considered, and the second safety state of the bridge upper structure results in that;
SPCI"＝PCCI' upper load-bearing strain ×b Upper load-bearing strain +PCCI' Upper bearing self-vibration ×b Upper bearing self-vibration
+PCCI' General load-bearing transverse direction ×b General load-bearing transverse direction
＝100×0.5+100×0.25+100×0.25
＝100
The second safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the second safety state of the bridge deck system results in:
and respectively obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the bridge substructure and the bridge deck system according to a formula III:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”＝0.33×97.85+0.67×100＝99.29，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”＝77.16，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”＝90.22，
the full-bridge structure safety state monitoring result is obtained according to the formula IV:
D r ＝SPCI×0.4+SBCI×0.4+BDCI×0.2
＝99.29×0.4+77.16×0.4+90.22×0.2
＝88.624，
and determining the structural safety level of the bridge according to the monitoring result and the bridge structural safety level index.
Compared with the prior art, the full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method provided by the invention has the advantages that on one hand, the adopted data not only comprises the structural apparent data of the bridge to be monitored, but also comprises the structural mechanical response data of the bridge to be monitored, and meanwhile, the intuitiveness of the structural apparent data and the instantaneity of the structural mechanical response data are taken into consideration, so that the reliability of the bridge structure safety monitoring result is improved; on the other hand, the invention obtains the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure through the weight values of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data on the safety state of the bridge structure, and obtains the monitoring result of the safety state of the full bridge structure according to the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure and the weight values of each part of the bridge structure on the safety state of the full bridge structure, thereby realizing the safety multi-angle, multi-layer and omnibearing monitoring of the full bridge structure, improving the monitoring efficiency and the reliability of the monitoring result and having strong applicability.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a full-bridge security state monitoring system based on multi-source data corresponding to any one of the above embodiments of the monitoring method is disclosed, as shown in fig. 3, including
The acquisition device is used for acquiring structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data of the full-bridge structure to be evaluated, and comprises a portable measuring instrument and sensing equipment; the structural apparent data comprises one or more of defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel bar corrosion degree and steel bar protection layer thickness, and the structural mechanical response data comprises one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement; the portable measuring instrument is used for acquiring the structural apparent data, and the sensing equipment is used for acquiring the structural mechanical response data;
for example, the strain sensor and the acceleration sensor are respectively used for measuring and obtaining the structural strain and the structural acceleration, and the transverse correlation coefficient is obtained according to the structural strain or the structural acceleration data, and other structural internal force parameters can also be obtained through corresponding sensing equipment measurement.
The processing device is used for obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the acquired structure apparent data and the structural mechanics response data; and obtaining a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure based on the weights of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system.
Preferably, the processing device obtains the safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure through the following process:
step 1, obtaining a first structural safety state result of an upper structure, a lower structure and a bridge deck system of a bridge according to structural apparent data, and obtaining a second structural safety state result of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge according to structural mechanics response data;
and 2, respectively obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the bridge substructure and the bridge deck system according to the following formulas based on the results:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”，
wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 The weight values of structural mechanics response data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge are respectively obtained;
and step 3, obtaining a full-bridge structure safety state result according to the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB ，
wherein Dr is the full-bridge structure safety state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a lower structureWeight value in full bridge structural security state.
Preferably, the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data are characterized as two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data is characterized as an index;
the weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
calculating to obtain a corresponding feature vector by utilizing a feature equation corresponding to the judgment matrix, normalizing the feature vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to a structural apparent factor or a structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value;
and calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
Wherein a' 1 、a" 2 B, respectively obtaining weight values of structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data on the influence of the bridge structure safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
The system embodiment and the method embodiment are based on the same inventive concept, and the same points can be mutually referred to.
Compared with the prior art, the full-bridge structure safety state monitoring system provided by the invention has the advantages that on one hand, the adopted data not only comprises the structural apparent data of the bridge to be monitored, but also comprises the structural mechanical response data of the bridge to be monitored, and meanwhile, the intuitiveness of the structural apparent data and the instantaneity of the structural mechanical response data are taken into consideration, so that the reliability of the bridge structure safety monitoring result is improved; on the other hand, the invention obtains the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure through the weight values of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data on the safety state of the bridge structure, and obtains the monitoring result of the safety state of the full bridge structure according to the comprehensive safety evaluation state of each part of the bridge structure and the weight values of each part of the bridge structure on the safety state of the full bridge structure, thereby realizing the safety multi-angle, multi-layer and omnibearing monitoring of the full bridge structure, improving the monitoring efficiency and the reliability of the monitoring result and having strong applicability.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The full-bridge structure safety state monitoring method based on the multi-source data is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data of a full bridge to be evaluated;
respectively obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the collected structure apparent data and the structure mechanics response data;
obtaining a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure based on weights of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and a comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system;
the structural mechanical response data comprises one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement;
The defect degree, the concrete strength degradation degree, the steel bar corrosion degree and the steel bar protection layer thickness are obtained through portable instrument measurement; measuring and obtaining the structural strain, the transverse correlation coefficient, the structural acceleration, the structural deflection, the cable force, the fatigue stress, the temperature and the displacement by arranging sensing equipment on a bridge;
the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system are obtained by the following formulas respectively:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”，
wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 The weight values of structural mechanics response data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge are respectively obtained;
and obtaining a full-bridge structure safety state result according to the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB ，
wherein Dr is the full-bridge structure safety state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a weight value of the lower structure in a full bridge structure safety state.
2. The method for monitoring the safety state of the full-bridge structure according to claim 1, wherein the bridge structure safety state evaluation model obtains the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system by the following procedures:
Obtaining a first structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural apparent data, and obtaining a second structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural mechanical response data;
and obtaining the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system according to the weight value of the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data, which influence the safety state of the bridge structure, based on the result.
3. The method for monitoring the safety state of the full-bridge structure according to claim 2, wherein the steps of obtaining the first structural safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge according to the structural appearance data and obtaining the second structural safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge according to the structural mechanical response data comprise:
one or more data included in the structural apparent data correspond to one or more indexes, one or more data included in the structural mechanical response data correspond to one or more indexes, and safety condition representation values of indexes of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and bridge deck system corresponding parts are obtained according to the structural apparent data and the structural mechanical response data respectively;
The safety condition characterization value obtained based on the structural apparent data respectively obtains the first safety state result of the bridge superstructure by the following formula:
the first safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the bridge deck system first safety state results are:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI 'is the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure' m DCCI 'is the safety state result of the mth component of the bridge substructure' n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B' m 、B' n The weight values of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system corresponding parts relative to the corresponding bridge structure are PCCI 'respectively' p 、BCCI' p 、DCCI' p B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the p index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on the structural apparent data p1 、b p2 、b p3 The p-th index of each component in the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system is respectively related to the weight value of the structural apparent data, Q, M, N is the number of the components of the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, and s is the index number included in the structural apparent data;
the safety condition characterization values obtained based on the structural mechanics response data are respectively obtained through the following formulas
The second safety state result of the bridge superstructure is:
The second safety state result of the bridge substructure is:
the second safety state of the bridge deck system results in:
wherein PCCI' q BCCI for the safety state result of the q-th component of the bridge superstructure " m DCCI "for safety state outcome for mth component of bridge substructure" n As a result of the safety state of the nth component of the bridge surface, B' q 、B” m 、B” n The weight values of all parts in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system relative to the corresponding bridge structure are respectively PCCI' f 、BCCI" f 、DCCI" f B is a safety condition representation value corresponding to the f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system, which are obtained based on structural mechanics response data f1 、b f2 、b f3 The f index of each part in the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system is a weight value related to structural mechanics response data, and t is the index number included in the structural mechanics response data.
4. A full-bridge structural safety state monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data are characterized by being characterized by two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data is characterized by being characterized as an index;
the weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
Comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
calculating to obtain a corresponding feature vector by utilizing a feature equation corresponding to the judgment matrix, normalizing the feature vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to a structural apparent factor or a structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value;
and calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
wherein a' 1 、a" 2 B, respectively obtaining weight values of structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data on the influence of the bridge structure safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
5. A full-bridge structure safety state monitoring system based on multi-source data is characterized by comprising
The acquisition device is used for acquiring structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data of the full-bridge structure to be evaluated, and comprises a portable measuring instrument and sensing equipment; the structural apparent data comprises one or more of defect degree, concrete strength degradation degree, steel bar corrosion degree and steel bar protection layer thickness, and the structural mechanical response data comprises one or more of structural strain, transverse correlation coefficient, structural acceleration, structural deflection, cable force, fatigue stress, temperature and displacement; the portable measuring instrument is used for acquiring the structural apparent data, and the sensing equipment is used for acquiring the structural mechanical response data;
the processing device is used for obtaining comprehensive safety state results of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge by utilizing the established bridge structure safety state evaluation model according to the acquired structure apparent data and the structural mechanics response data; the safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure is obtained based on the weights of the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full-bridge structure and the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system;
The processing device executes the following flow to obtain a safety state monitoring result of the full-bridge structure:
obtaining a first structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural apparent data, and obtaining a second structural safety state result of the bridge upper structure, the bridge lower structure and the bridge deck system according to the structural mechanical response data;
based on the above results, the comprehensive safety state results of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the deck system are obtained by the following formulas, respectively:
SPCI＝a 1 ×SPCI'+a' 1 ×SPCI”，
SBCI＝a 2 ×SBCI'+a' 2 ×SBCI”，
BDCI＝a 3 ×BDCI'+a' 3 ×BDCI”，
wherein a is 1 、a 2 、a 3 Respectively the weight value a 'of the structural apparent data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge' 1 、a' 2 、a' 3 The weight values of structural mechanics response data on the safety states of the upper structure, the lower structure and the bridge deck system of the bridge are respectively obtained;
and obtaining a full-bridge structure safety state result according to the comprehensive safety state result of the bridge superstructure, the substructure and the bridge deck system through the following formula:
D r ＝BDCI×W D +SPCI×W SP +SBCI×W SB ，
wherein Dr is the full-bridge structure safety state evaluation result, W D Is the weight value, W, of the bridge deck system in the safety state of the full bridge structure SP Weight value, W, of upper structure in full bridge structure safety state SB Is a weight value of the lower structure in a full bridge structure safety state.
6. The full-bridge structural safety state monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data are characterized as two factors affecting the safety state of the bridge structure, and each data included in the structural apparent data and structural mechanical response data is characterized as an index;
the weight value of each index influencing the safety state of the bridge structure is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process, and the weight value is specifically as follows:
comparing the importance degree of each index about the structural apparent factors or the structural internal force factors in pairs, comparing the importance degree of the structural apparent factors and the structural internal force factors about the bridge structural safety state evaluation in pairs, and constructing a judgment matrix by utilizing the ratio of the importance degree between the two factors;
calculating to obtain a corresponding feature vector by utilizing a feature equation corresponding to the judgment matrix, normalizing the feature vector to obtain weight vectors of each index relative to a structural apparent factor or a structural internal force factor and the structural apparent factor or the structural internal force factor relative to the safety state of the bridge structure, and further obtaining a corresponding weight value;
and calculating and obtaining the weight value of each index on the safety state of the bridge structure by using the corresponding weight value through the following formula:
Wherein a' 1 、a" 2 B, respectively obtaining weight values of structural apparent data and structural mechanics response data on the influence of the bridge structure safety state ip B is the weight value of the p index in the structural apparent factors relative to the i factor if The weight value of the f index in the internal force factors of the structure with respect to the i factor.
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