CN111308941A - Voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit and detection device - Google Patents
Voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit and detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit, which comprises: the power supply module is used for providing adjustable direct-current voltage for the voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit; the control module generates and outputs a frequency signal and n paths of enable signals, wherein n is greater than 1; the driving module comprises n driving circuits, and each driving circuit receives the frequency signal and an enabling signal corresponding to the driving circuit and correspondingly outputs n control signals; and the pulse module comprises n pulse generating circuits, and each pulse generating circuit receives the control signal corresponding to the pulse generating circuit and outputs n ultrasonic signals corresponding to the frequency under the control of the n control signals. The invention can realize the detection of various different substances and can detect a plurality of positions of the substances in single detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic waves, in particular to a voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and a detection device.
Background
In the existing ultrasonic detection system for the nonmetallic medium, a general ultrasonic transmitting circuit generally adopts a trigger mode within a certain voltage range, a plurality of direct current power supplies are required to be externally connected to drive pulse transmission when the ultrasonic detection system works, and each transmitting circuit can only transmit a single-channel ultrasonic pulse signal. Therefore, the ultrasonic wave emitting circuit in the prior art has limited types of substances which can be detected, and has a small range for detecting the substances at one time, so that the ultrasonic wave emitting circuit can only detect a certain point of the substances at each time and cannot detect a plurality of points of the substances. In practical application, the trigger voltage is increased to be higher in order to improve the intensity of the ultrasonic signal, but the higher trigger voltage not only brings insecurity to the whole transmitting circuit, but also causes certain influence on the generated pulse signal, and the loss caused by long-time operation under a high-voltage condition to the circuit is large, so that the transmitting circuit is in a problem and cannot be found easily. Meanwhile, the pulse signal generated under the working of higher voltage has larger distortion, which is not beneficial to collecting data and analyzing the internal condition of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave emitting circuit and a detection device, which can detect various different kinds of substances and can detect multiple positions of the substances in a single detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, comprising:
the power supply module is used for providing an adjustable direct-current voltage for the voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit;
the control module generates and outputs a frequency signal and n paths of enable signals, wherein n is greater than 1;
the driving module comprises n driving circuits, and each driving circuit receives the frequency signal and an enabling signal corresponding to the driving circuit and correspondingly outputs n control signals;
and the pulse module comprises n pulse generating circuits, and each pulse generating circuit receives the control signal corresponding to the pulse generating circuit and outputs n ultrasonic signals corresponding to the frequency under the control of the n control signals.
Preferably, the adjustable range of the direct current voltage is 30-500V.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a first voltage reduction module and a second voltage reduction module, wherein,
the first voltage reduction module is used for reducing the direct-current voltage input by the power supply module to a first voltage and outputting the first voltage to the second voltage reduction module;
and the second voltage reduction module is used for reducing the voltage of the first voltage, and the output voltage after reduction conforms to the input voltage range of the control module and the driving module.
Preferably, the device further includes a processing module, connected to the first voltage-reducing module, for receiving the first voltage output by the first voltage-reducing module, comparing the first voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and outputting an alarm message if the first voltage is not within the voltage threshold.
Preferably, the device further includes a display module, connected to the processing module, and configured to display an alarm message when the first voltage is not within the range of the voltage threshold.
Preferably, the device further comprises a buzzer module and a lamp lighting module, and the buzzer module and the lamp lighting module are used for outputting buzzer warning information and lamp lighting warning information when the first voltage is not within the range of the voltage threshold.
Preferably, the device further comprises an isolation module, which is respectively connected to the control module and the driving module, and is configured to perform signal isolation on the frequency signal output by the control module and the n-way enable signal, and send the frequency signal output after isolation and the n-way enable signal to the driving module.
Preferably, each of the driving circuits includes a first driving chip, a second driving chip and an inverter, each of the pulse generating circuits includes a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor and a fourth MOS transistor, wherein,
the first path of enable signal is respectively connected with an enable input end of the first driver chip and an enable input end of the second driver chip U7;
the frequency signal is connected with a first input end of the first driving chip, and the frequency signal is connected with a first input end of the second driving chip through the phase inverter;
a first output voltage signal output by a first output end of the first driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and a second output voltage signal output by a second output end of the first driving chip U6 is connected to the grid electrode of the third MOS tube;
a third output voltage signal output by the first output end of the second driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and a fourth output voltage signal output by the second output end of the second driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube;
the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal control the connection and disconnection of the first MOS tube and the third MOS tube and output ultrasonic positive pulse signals;
the third output voltage signal and the fourth output voltage signal control the on-off of the second MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube and output ultrasonic negative pulse signals;
the ultrasonic positive pulse signal is connected to the second input end of the first driving chip, and the ultrasonic negative pulse signal is connected to the second input end of the second driving chip.
Preferably, the pulse generating circuit further comprises a snubber circuit, the snubber circuit comprising a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, wherein,
one end of the resistor is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube, and the other end of the resistor is connected with one end of the capacitor;
the other end of the capacitor is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS transistor Q5;
the diode is connected in parallel with the resistor.
Preferably, the control module further includes a setting unit configured to set the control module to output the n-way enable signal simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultrasonic testing apparatus comprising the voltage-tunable pulsed ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, a receiving device and an analyzing module as described above, wherein,
the voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit is used for outputting corresponding n paths of ultrasonic transmitting signals;
the receiving device is used for receiving n paths of ultrasonic echo signals after the n paths of ultrasonic emission signals pass through a non-metallic medium to be detected;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the n paths of ultrasonic echo signals and obtaining a detection result of the non-metal medium to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit and a detection device, and the beneficial effects are as follows: the ultrasonic transmitting circuit realizes the detection of various different substances, can detect multiple positions of the substances in single detection, enlarges the detection range and can detect the substances more effectively; the pulse transmitting device is simple and convenient to operate, and the circuit design is simple; in the design of the pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit, the input direct-current power supply is subjected to voltage reduction for multiple times, the loss of high voltage to the circuit is reduced, the voltage is monitored, voltage alarm information is output, and the safety of the circuit in the using process is guaranteed; the signals are isolated, so that the master control chip is protected from being damaged; the overshoot generated at the moment of switching on and switching off each pulse signal is absorbed by the absorption circuit, so that the performance of the signal is ensured; the pulse signals of each channel are independent and do not influence each other, and various output modes such as serial and parallel pulse signals can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a voltage tunable pulsed ultrasound transmit circuit in an embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 2 is a system schematic of a transmit circuit in one embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic of a driver circuit in an embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic of a pulse generation circuit in an embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the specific embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a voltage tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmitting circuit, comprising:
the power module 10 is used for providing an adjustable direct-current voltage for the voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit;
the control module 11 generates and outputs a frequency signal and n paths of enable signals, wherein n is greater than 1;
the driving module 12 comprises n driving circuits, each driving circuit receives the frequency signal and an enable signal corresponding to the driving circuit, and correspondingly outputs n control signals;
the pulse module 13 includes n pulse generating circuits, and each pulse generating circuit receives the control signal corresponding to the pulse generating circuit and outputs n ultrasonic signals corresponding to the frequency under the control of the n control signals.
The power module provides power for the voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit. The power supply is a direct current power supply. The direct current power supply provides adjustable direct current voltage for the voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit. In order to ensure the simplicity of the circuit, the voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit is only externally connected to one direct-current power supply. The power supply is a direct current power supply with adjustable voltage. The voltage adjustable range is 30-500V. The direct current power supply provides pulse voltage for the pulse generation module. When detecting a substance using ultrasonic waves, pulse voltages required for detecting different substances are different, and a high voltage is required, and a low voltage is also required. The voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is powered by the direct-current power supply with the adjustable voltage in a wide range, pulse wave voltage in a wide range can be generated, pulses with various voltages are provided, detection on various different substances can be achieved, and the range of detecting the substance types is expanded.
In an embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus further includes a first voltage-reducing module 14 and a second voltage-reducing module 15, where the first voltage-reducing module 14 is configured to reduce a dc voltage input by the power module to a first voltage and output the first voltage to the second voltage-reducing module 15, the second voltage-reducing module 15 is configured to reduce the first voltage, and the reduced output voltage conforms to an input voltage range of the control module and the driving module. The first voltage reduction module and the second voltage reduction module reduce the input direct-current voltage so as to meet the working voltage of each module. Because the direct-current power supply input by the first voltage reduction module is high-voltage, the power consumption of the first voltage reduction module is high under the condition of long-term work, and the voltage reduction chip in the first voltage reduction module is easily damaged, the voltage reduction chip selected in the first voltage reduction module has wide-range input voltage, and the output voltage of the first voltage reduction module has a certain adjustable range. Similarly, the buck chip in the second buck module has the same function. Because the voltage reduction chips have wide-range input voltage, the circuit of other modules is prevented from being damaged due to unsuccessful voltage reduction of the first voltage reduction module under abnormal conditions. Meanwhile, the technical scheme of voltage reduction twice is adopted, so that under the condition that the first voltage reduction chip is broken down, the work of the whole circuit is not greatly influenced, and the circuit can work normally.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a processing module 16, connected to the first voltage-reducing module 14, for receiving the first voltage output by the first voltage-reducing module 14, comparing the first voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and outputting an alarm message if the first voltage is not within the range of the voltage threshold. Specifically, the processing module includes a single chip microcomputer chip and an analog-to-digital conversion chip, converts the first voltage into a first digital voltage signal through the analog-to-digital conversion chip and outputs the first digital voltage signal to the single chip microcomputer chip, and the single chip microcomputer chip compares the first digital voltage signal with a preset voltage threshold value and outputs alarm information if the first digital voltage signal is not within the voltage threshold value range. The voltage monitoring is carried out on the first voltage output by the first voltage reduction module through the processing module, so that the normal work of the circuit is guaranteed, and the voltage problem of the circuit is found in time.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a display module, connected to the processing module, for displaying an alarm message when the first voltage is not within the range of the voltage threshold. The display module can display warning information through the LCD display screen so as to remind a user of the problem of the voltage of the circuit in time. The device also comprises a buzzing module and a lighting module, and the buzzing module and the lighting module are used for outputting buzzing alarm information and lighting alarm information when the first voltage is not in the range of the voltage threshold value, so as to prompt a user that the current voltage is abnormal and needs to be checked in time.
The control module outputs a frequency signal and n paths of enable signals to the driving module. The control module comprises an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) chip, and the FPGA chip is used for programming and controlling output frequency signals and n paths of enabling signals. The frequency signal is an ultrasonic frequency. The FPGA chip can output various different frequency signals, so that the detection requirements of different substances can be met. Each enable signal is used for controlling the on and off of each drive circuit. Specifically, when the enable signal is at a high level, the corresponding driving circuit operates normally; when the enable signal is at a low level, the corresponding driving circuit is in an off state and cannot operate.
The voltage required by the FPGA chip of the control module is about several volts generally, and the voltage required by the ultrasonic pulse generating circuit is about several hundred volts, so that the phenomenon of abnormal high voltage in the working process of the ultrasonic transmitting device is avoided, and the high voltage flows to the FPGA chip of the control module to cause burning of the main FPGA chip. Specifically, the isolation module comprises an optical coupler, and the frequency signal and the enable signal are isolated by the optical coupler, so that the normal work of a chip of the control module is ensured, the chip of the control module is not damaged, and the working durability of the circuit is enhanced.
The driving module comprises n driving circuits, and each driving circuit receives the frequency signal and an enabling signal corresponding to the driving circuit and correspondingly outputs n control signals. The pulse generating module comprises n pulse generating circuits, and each pulse generating circuit receives a control signal corresponding to the pulse generating circuit and outputs an ultrasonic signal corresponding to the frequency under the control of the control signal. Each driving circuit is connected with a corresponding pulse generating circuit. Specifically, when the enable signal is at a high level, the enable signal controls the normal operation of the driving circuit, the frequency signal is used as an input signal of the driving circuit, the driving circuit outputs a control signal, and the control signal controls the corresponding pulse generating circuit to output an ultrasonic signal.
A detailed description will be given by taking a driving circuit and a corresponding pulse generating circuit as an example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The driving circuit comprises a first driving chip U6, a second driving chip U7 and an inverter U10, the pulse generating circuit comprises a first MOS transistor Q1, a second MOS transistor Q2, a third MOS transistor Q5 and a fourth MOS transistor Q6, a first path enable signal EN _1_ IN is respectively connected with an enable input terminal SD of the first driving chip U6 and an enable input terminal SD of the second driving chip U7, the frequency signal 50KHZ _ IN is connected with a first input terminal IN of the first driving chip U6, the frequency signal 50KHZ _ IN is connected with a first input terminal IN of the second driving chip U7 through the inverter U10, a first output voltage signal HO1_1 output by a first output terminal HO of the first driving chip U6 is connected to a gate of the first MOS transistor Q1, a second output voltage signal LO1_1 output by a second output terminal LO of the first driving chip U6 is connected to a gate of the third MOS transistor Q5, the third output voltage signal HO2_1 output by the first output terminal HO of the second driver chip U7 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2, a fourth output voltage signal LO2_1 output by the second output terminal LO of the second driver chip U7 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS transistor Q6, the first output voltage signal HO1_1 and the second output voltage signal LO1_1 control the on/off of the first MOS transistor Q1 and the third MOS transistor Q5, and outputs an ultrasonic positive pulse signal HS1_1, the third output voltage signal HO2_1 and the fourth output voltage signal LO2_1 control the on-off of the second MOS transistor Q2 and the fourth MOS transistor Q6, and outputs an ultrasonic negative pulse signal HS2_2, the ultrasonic positive pulse signal HS1_1 is connected to the second input terminal VS of the first driving chip U6, the ultrasonic negative pulse signal HS2_2 is connected to the second input terminal VS of the second driving chip U7. The MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q5 and Q6 form an H-bridge circuit. The four MOS tubes and the driving chips U6 and U7 form a full-bridge driving circuit. Through the circuit, when an enable signal is at a high level, the driving chip works normally, outputs a voltage signal to the grid electrode of the MOS tube, alternately controls the conduction and the cut-off of the MOS tube, forms an H bridge in a bootstrap driving mode, and outputs a positive ultrasonic pulse signal and a negative ultrasonic pulse signal. The four MOS tubes and the two driving chips form a pulse transmitting circuit of one sound channel, and by analogy, the pulse transmitting circuits of n channels can be formed. The pulse generating circuit of each channel can output ultrasonic signals of wide-range voltage, and the ultrasonic signals of the channels are independent and do not influence each other, so that multiple positions of the same substance are detected in single detection.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pulse generating circuit further includes a snubber circuit, the snubber circuit includes a resistor R41, a capacitor C36 and a diode D12, wherein one end of the resistor R41 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor Q5, and the other end is connected to one end of the capacitor C36; the other end of the capacitor C36 is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS transistor Q5; the diode D12 is connected in parallel to the resistor R41. Similarly, the fourth MOS transistor is also externally connected with the same absorption circuit. Most of the overshoot generated at the moment when the MOS tube is turned on and off is absorbed by the absorption circuit.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a parallel setting unit, configured to set the control module to output the n enable signals to the n driving circuits at the same time. N paths of enabling signals are simultaneously output, so that the n paths of driving circuits are simultaneously opened or closed, and n paths of ultrasonic signals are simultaneously output, so that the voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit is in a parallel working mode.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a serial setting unit, the serial setting unit is configured to set the first path of enable signal as an effective enable signal and output the effective enable signal to the first path of driving circuit, set the second path of enable signal as an effective signal and output the effective signal to the second path of driving circuit after a preset time interval, set the third path of enable signal as an effective signal and output the effective signal to the third path of driving circuit after the preset time interval, and so on, set the nth path of enable signal as an effective signal and output the effective signal to the nth path of driving circuit. Through this embodiment, set gradually every enable signal of a way and be effective signal, open corresponding drive circuit in proper order, output n way ultrasonic wave signals in proper order, make ultrasonic transmitter be in serial mode of operation.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an ultrasonic testing apparatus, including the above-mentioned voltage-adjustable pulsed ultrasonic transmitting circuit, receiving apparatus and analyzing module, wherein the voltage-adjustable pulsed ultrasonic transmitting circuit is configured to output n corresponding ultrasonic transmitting signals; the receiving device is used for receiving n paths of ultrasonic echo signals after the n paths of ultrasonic emission signals pass through a non-metallic medium to be detected; the analysis module is used for analyzing the n paths of ultrasonic echo signals and obtaining a detection result of the non-metal medium to be detected.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage tunable pulsed ultrasound transmit circuit, comprising:
the power supply module is used for providing an adjustable direct-current voltage for the voltage adjustable pulse ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit;
the control module generates and outputs a frequency signal and n paths of enable signals, wherein n is greater than 1;
the driving module comprises n driving circuits, and each driving circuit receives the frequency signal and an enabling signal corresponding to the driving circuit and correspondingly outputs n control signals;
and the pulse module comprises n pulse generating circuits, and each pulse generating circuit receives the control signal corresponding to the pulse generating circuit and outputs n ultrasonic signals corresponding to the frequency under the control of the n control signals.
2. The voltage-tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmitter circuit according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable range of the dc voltage is 30 to 500V.
3. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasound transmit circuit of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a first voltage reduction module and a second voltage reduction module, wherein,
the first voltage reduction module is used for reducing the direct-current voltage input by the power supply module to a first voltage and outputting the first voltage to the second voltage reduction module;
and the second voltage reduction module is used for reducing the voltage of the first voltage, and the output voltage after reduction conforms to the input voltage range of the control module and the driving module.
4. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasound transmit circuit of claim 3, further comprising a processing module connected to the first voltage-dropping module, receiving the first voltage outputted by the first voltage-dropping module, comparing the first voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and outputting an alarm if the first voltage is not within the voltage threshold.
5. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasound transmit circuit of claim 4, wherein said device further comprises a display module connected to said processing module for displaying an alarm message when said first voltage is not within said voltage threshold.
6. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmitter circuit of claim 4, wherein the device further comprises a buzzer module and a lamp module for outputting a buzzer warning message and a lamp warning message when the first voltage is not within the voltage threshold.
7. The voltage-tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmitter circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an isolation module, connected to the control module and the driving module, respectively, for isolating the frequency signal output by the control module from the n enable signals and transmitting the isolated frequency signal and the n enable signals to the driving module.
8. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmitter circuit according to claim 1, wherein each of the driving circuits comprises a first driving chip, a second driving chip and an inverter, and each of the pulse generating circuits comprises a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor and a fourth MOS transistor, wherein,
the first path of enable signal is respectively connected with an enable input end of the first driver chip and an enable input end of the second driver chip U7;
the frequency signal is connected with a first input end of the first driving chip, and the frequency signal is connected with a first input end of the second driving chip through the phase inverter;
a first output voltage signal output by a first output end of the first driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the first MOS tube, and a second output voltage signal output by a second output end of the first driving chip U6 is connected to the grid electrode of the third MOS tube;
a third output voltage signal output by the first output end of the second driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and a fourth output voltage signal output by the second output end of the second driving chip is connected to the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube;
the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal control the connection and disconnection of the first MOS tube and the third MOS tube and output ultrasonic positive pulse signals;
the third output voltage signal and the fourth output voltage signal control the on-off of the second MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube and output ultrasonic negative pulse signals;
the ultrasonic positive pulse signal is connected to the second input end of the first driving chip, and the ultrasonic negative pulse signal is connected to the second input end of the second driving chip.
9. The voltage tunable pulsed ultrasonic transmission circuit of claim 8, wherein the pulse generation circuit further comprises an absorption circuit comprising a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, wherein,
one end of the resistor is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube, and the other end of the resistor is connected with one end of the capacitor;
the other end of the capacitor is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS transistor Q5;
the diode is connected in parallel with the resistor.
10. An ultrasonic testing apparatus comprising the voltage tunable pulsed ultrasonic wave transmission circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a receiving apparatus and an analyzing module,
the voltage-adjustable pulse ultrasonic transmitting circuit is used for outputting corresponding n paths of ultrasonic transmitting signals;
the receiving device is used for receiving n paths of ultrasonic echo signals after the n paths of ultrasonic emission signals pass through a non-metallic medium to be detected;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the n paths of ultrasonic echo signals and obtaining a detection result of the non-metal medium to be detected.
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