CN111300153A - Hydraulic prestress compensation device for cross beam of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic prestress compensating device for a cross beam of a machine tool, which is provided with a cross beam assembly. The cross beam assembly includes a middle cross beam, a right supporting square box and a left supporting square box. The middle cross beam includes a horizontal rib and a right rib. and the left floor, the upper surface of the beam assembly is provided with the upper surface of the beam, one side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam, and there is a hydraulic cylinder placement slot, and the hydraulic cylinder placement slot is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum. A hydraulic cylinder is rotated between the cylinder support point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum; it solves the problems of complicated processing technology, inflexible adjustment, unreliability, etc. in the existing traditional method in order to overcome the deformation of the beam and improve the rigidity of the beam, and the invention can be widely used. Applied to hydraulic prestress compensation of machine tool beams, especially suitable for hydraulic prestress compensation of large machine tool beams.

Description

Hydraulic prestress compensation device for machine tool beam

technical field

The invention relates to a beam of a metal cutting machine tool, in particular to a hydraulic prestress compensation device for a beam of a machine tool.

Background technique

Large-scale gantry frame machine tools are an important type of metal cutting equipment. Although these types of machine tools have different requirements for structure and processing capacity, the beam is an important component, and the accuracy of the beam and related components of the beam also affects the machine tool. Precision and performance.

At present, the beam layout of large-scale gantry frame machine tools is generally divided into two-end supports, and the support forms are divided into fixed supports and mobile supports. deformation, and the relevant moving parts on the beam, such as sliding seat, ram, spindle and transmission box, will also exert downward force on the beam, thereby further increasing the downward deformation of the beam. The relative accuracy of the beam is reduced. When the moving parts move to different positions on the beam, the deformation of the beam also changes accordingly. Therefore, overcoming the deformation of the beam of the machine tool, improving the rigidity of the beam, and compensating for the deformation of the load at different positions is the best way to improve the large-scale gantry frame type. The main problem of machining accuracy of machine tools.

We know that the existing main technical solutions for overcoming the deformation of the beam to improve the rigidity of the beam and compensating for the deformation caused by the changing load of the beam include the use of high-grade and high-quality materials, the use of a closed beam cross-section shape, and the optimal arrangement of the position, size and shape of the inner cavity reinforcement. , adopts the structure of the outer skeleton support plate, adopts the built-in weight balance method of the column, and the anti-deformation processing method of the beam. Changes in the position of the moving parts cause changes in the beam load to perform strain compensation on the beam in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above traditional method of overcoming the deformation of the beam and improving the rigidity of the beam, the present invention has the problems of complex processing technology, inflexible adjustment, unreliability, etc., and it is impossible to perform strain compensation on the beam in real time according to the change of the beam load caused by the position change of the moving part on the beam. The problem is to provide a hydraulic prestress compensation device and compensation method for a machine tool beam, which has simple processing technology, flexible adjustment and high reliability, and can perform strain compensation on the beam in real time according to the change of the beam load caused by the position change of the moving parts on the beam.

To this end, the technical solution of the present invention is that a hydraulic prestress compensation device for a machine tool beam is provided with a beam assembly. The beam assembly includes a middle cross beam, a right supporting square box and a left supporting square box. The middle cross beam includes Horizontal floor, right floor and left floor, the upper surface of the beam assembly is provided with the upper surface of the beam, one side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle beam, and there is a hydraulic cylinder placement groove, and the hydraulic cylinder placement groove is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point and a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum, the hydraulic cylinder is rotated between the hydraulic cylinder support point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum.

Preferably, the other side of the cross beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam and is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot relative to the center plane of the cross beam assembly, the middle position of the cross beam assembly is provided with a reinforcing span plate, and the other side of the cross beam assembly is located in the middle cross beam. A hydraulic cylinder placement groove provided at the bottom is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum, and a hydraulic cylinder is rotated between the hydraulic cylinder support point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum.

Preferably, the stress compensation fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder is located at one end of the horizontal rib outside the center line away from the supporting point of the hydraulic cylinder.

Preferably, rigidity-enhancing square holes are respectively provided on both sides of the beam assembly.

Preferably, the intermediate cross beam is a hollow structure.

Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves located at the bottom of the middle span beam are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the horizontal rib, and hydraulic cylinders are respectively provided in the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinder placement grooves. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums are respectively located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves on one side, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the horizontal rib.

Preferably, the other side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam and is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot relative to the central plane of the beam assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder placement slot located at the bottom of the middle span beam is opposite to the horizontal rib. The center line is symmetrically arranged, the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinder placement grooves are respectively provided with hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders are respectively located in one of the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves on one side. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum of each hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the horizontal rib.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a hydraulic prestress compensation device for a machine tool beam is provided with a beam assembly. The beam assembly includes a middle span beam, a right supporting square box and a left supporting square box, and the middle span beam includes a horizontal rib. , Right floor and left floor, the upper surface of the beam assembly is provided with the upper surface of the beam, one side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle beam, and there is a hydraulic cylinder placement groove, and the hydraulic cylinder placement groove is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point and hydraulic cylinder stress. Compensation fulcrum, a hydraulic cylinder is installed between the hydraulic cylinder support point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum. The beam assembly will be deformed due to its own gravity during the working process. The action point of the force acts on the stress compensation fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder, which can support the deformation.

Because the other side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam and is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot relative to the center plane of the beam assembly, a reinforcing span plate is arranged in the middle of the beam assembly, and the other side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle beam assembly. The hydraulic cylinder placement groove is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum, and a hydraulic cylinder is rotated between the hydraulic cylinder support point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum. This structure realizes the thickness direction of the beam assembly. Symmetrical setting, more uniform when correcting through the support force of the hydraulic cylinder, works well.

Since the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum is located at the end of the centerline of the horizontal rib away from the hydraulic cylinder support point, setting the position of the hydraulic cylinder support point in this way can effectively realize the balanced distribution of force and ensure the reasonable correction and deformation of the upper surface of the beam, not only It can ensure the correction deformation of the center line of the horizontal rib on the left, and can ensure the deformation of the center line of the horizontal rib on the right, and can also ensure uniform deformation. The setting position of the above force point is after the finite element analysis. Set a reasonable position and have been verified by strain testing.

Since the two sides of the beam assembly are respectively provided with rigidity-enhancing square holes, the rigidity-enhancing square holes ensure the rigidity of the two sides of the beam assembly. At the same time, the middle cross beam in this embodiment is a hollow structure, which is different from the rigidity-enhancing square holes on both sides of the beam assembly. combined, thereby also ensuring the overall stiffness of the beam assembly.

Because the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves located at the bottom of the middle cross beam are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the horizontal rib, the two hydraulic cylinder placement grooves arranged symmetrically are respectively provided with hydraulic cylinders. The cylinder stress compensation fulcrums are respectively located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves on one side, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the horizontal rib. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder is respectively located in one of the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves, so the symmetrical hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum is formed on both sides of the center line of the horizontal rib, and the compensation effect is better.

And because the other side of the beam assembly is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam and is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot relative to the center plane of the beam assembly, the hydraulic cylinder placement slot located at the bottom of the middle span beam is relative to the center of the horizontal rib. The line is symmetrically arranged. Hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged inside the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinder placement grooves. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders are respectively located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves on one side of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the horizontal rib, and an independent hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum is formed on both sides of the center plane of the beam assembly and on both sides of the center line of the horizontal rib. unit, ideal for automatic alignment of beam assemblies for large machine tools.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with a hydraulic cylinder correction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the bottom view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the front view of Fig. 1;

5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure with correction of two hydraulic cylinders according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the bottom view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is the front view of Fig. 5;

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with two hydraulic cylinders calibrating on both sides according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with four hydraulic cylinders calibrating on both sides of the embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic diagram of finite element stress analysis of a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with correction of two hydraulic cylinders according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a graph of the quantification of the finite element analysis of FIG. 11 .

Description of symbols in the figure:

1. Beam assembly; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Hydraulic cylinder support point; 4. Hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum; 5. Hydraulic cylinder placement slot; 6. Rigidity strengthening square hole; 7. Beam support bottom surface; ; 9. Horizontal rib; 10. Right rib; 11. Left rib; 12. Middle span beam; 13. Right support square box; 14. Left support square box; 15. Reinforced span plate; 16. The center line of the horizontal rib; 17. The center plane of the beam assembly.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

1-12 are a hydraulic prestress compensation device for a machine tool beam according to the present invention. As can be seen in the figures, it is provided with a beam assembly 1. The beam assembly 1 includes a middle span beam 12, a right support square box 13 and a left support The square box 14, the middle cross beam 12 includes the horizontal rib 9, the right rib 10 and the left rib 11, the upper part of the beam assembly 1 is provided with the upper surface 8 of the beam, and one side of the beam assembly 1 is located at the bottom of the middle beam 12. There is a hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5, and the hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point 3 and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4, and a hydraulic cylinder 2 is rotated between the hydraulic cylinder support point 3 and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4. The component 1 will deform due to its own gravity during the working process. At this time, it can be corrected by the support force of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The action point of the support force of the hydraulic cylinder 2 acts on the stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the hydraulic cylinder, which can complete the support of the deformation. .

1 and 4, it can be clearly seen that the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 is located at the end of the centerline 16 of the horizontal rib 9 away from the hydraulic cylinder support point 3. Since the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 is located in the center of the horizontal rib 9 The outer side of the line 16 is far away from the end of the hydraulic cylinder support point 3, so setting the position of the hydraulic cylinder support point 3 can effectively realize the balanced distribution of the force, ensure the reasonable correction and deformation of the upper surface 8 of the beam, and ensure the center of the horizontal rib 9. The correction deformation of the line 16 on the left side can also ensure the deformation of the center line 16 of the horizontal rib 9 on the right side, and can also ensure uniform deformation. The setting positions of the above stress points are reasonable after the finite element analysis. position and verified by strain testing.

As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the two sides of the beam assembly 1 are respectively provided with square holes 6 for strengthening rigidity, and the middle cross beam 12 is a hollow structure. Since the two sides of the beam assembly 1 are respectively provided with square holes 6 for strengthening rigidity, The rigidity of both sides of the beam assembly 1 is ensured. Meanwhile, the middle cross beam 12 in this embodiment is a hollow structure, which is combined with the rigidity-enhancing square holes 6 on both sides of the beam assembly 1, thereby also ensuring the overall rigidity of the beam assembly 1.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves 5 located at the bottom of the middle cross beam 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line 16 of the horizontal rib 9 , and hydraulic cylinders are respectively provided in the two hydraulic cylinder placement grooves 5 arranged symmetrically. 2. The hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 2 is located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement groove 5 on one side respectively, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders 2 is relative to the horizontal rib. The central line 16 of There are hydraulic cylinders 2, the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 2 are respectively located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement groove 5 on one side, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders 2 is relative to the The centerline 16 of the horizontal rib 9 is symmetrically arranged. In such a mechanism, because the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 2 is located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement groove 5 on one side, the horizontal rib 9 On both sides of the center line 16, the symmetrical hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 is formed for stress compensation, and the compensation effect is better.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure with two hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen in FIG. 9 , the other side of the beam assembly 1 is located at the bottom of the middle beam 12 relative to the center of the beam assembly 1 The plane 17 is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5, a reinforcing span plate 15 is arranged in the middle of the beam assembly 1, and the other side of the beam assembly 1 is located at the bottom of the middle span beam 12. A hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5 is provided inside the hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5. The cylinder supporting point 3 and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 , and the hydraulic cylinder 2 is rotated between the hydraulic cylinder supporting point 3 and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 . Because the other side of the cross beam assembly 1 is located in the middle of the cross beam 12 and the bottom of the cross beam assembly 1 is symmetrically provided with a hydraulic cylinder placement slot 5 relative to the central plane 17 of the cross beam assembly 1. The hydraulic cylinder placement groove 5 located at the bottom of the middle cross beam 12 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder support point 3 and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4. The hydraulic cylinder support point 3 and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 are rotated between the hydraulic cylinder support point 3 and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4. The hydraulic cylinder 2, this structure realizes the symmetrical arrangement in the thickness direction of the beam assembly 1, and is more uniform when the correction is performed by the supporting force of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the effect is very good.

FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with four hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10 , the other side of the beam assembly 1 is located at the bottom of the middle cross beam 12 relative to the center plane 17 of the beam assembly 1 Hydraulic cylinder placement grooves 5 are also symmetrically arranged, and the hydraulic cylinder placement grooves 5 located at the bottom of the middle cross beam 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the centerline 16 of the horizontal rib 9, and the two hydraulic cylinder placement grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged inside. Hydraulic cylinders 2 are respectively provided, the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 2 are respectively located inside the hydraulic cylinder placement groove 5 on one side, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum 4 of the symmetrically arranged two hydraulic cylinders 2 Symmetrical arrangement with respect to the centerline 16 of the horizontal rib 9, four independent hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums 4 are formed on both sides of the center plane 17 of the beam assembly 1 and on both sides of the centerline 16 of the horizontal rib 9 unit, ideal for automatic alignment of beam assemblies 1 for large machine tools.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of finite element stress analysis of a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram with two hydraulic cylinder corrections according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the design dimensions of this embodiment are that the length of the beam assembly 1 is 6 meters, and the width is 1.5 meters, the thickness of the beam assembly 1 is 2 meters, the size of the horizontal rib 9 is 500 mm, the size of the right supporting square box 13 and the left supporting square box 14 are both 1 meter, and the beam assembly is established for the above structure. 1, and carry out finite element analysis to obtain the stress distribution of beam assembly 1. Figure 12 is a quantitative graph of the finite element analysis of Figure 11. According to the above analysis, the compensation force to be completed can be obtained. size, to achieve accurate stress compensation, so as to achieve the purpose of calibrating the stress deformation of the beam.

However, the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components, or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent protection of the present invention, should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. It still belongs to the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a lathe crossbeam hydraulic pressure prestressing force compensation arrangement, is equipped with beam assembly, characterized by: the crossbeam subassembly is including middle crossbeam, the square box of right branch strut and the square box of left branch strut, middle crossbeam that spanes includes horizontal floor, right floor and left floor, crossbeam subassembly upper portion is equipped with the crossbeam upper surface, crossbeam subassembly one side is located middle crossbeam bottom of spaning and is equipped with the pneumatic cylinder standing groove, inside pneumatic cylinder strong point and the pneumatic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum of being equipped with of pneumatic cylinder standing groove, the rotation is equipped with the pneumatic cylinder between pneumatic cylinder strong point and the pneumatic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum.

2. The hydraulic prestress compensation device for the cross beam of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder placing groove is symmetrically formed in the position, corresponding to the central plane of the cross beam assembly, of the bottom of the middle cross beam on the other side of the cross beam assembly, a reinforcing cross plate is arranged in the middle of the cross beam assembly, a hydraulic cylinder supporting point and a hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder placing groove formed in the position, corresponding to the bottom of the middle cross beam, of the other side of the cross beam assembly, and a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder supporting point and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum in a rotating mode.

3. The hydraulic prestress compensating device for a cross beam of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrum is positioned at one end, far away from the hydraulic cylinder supporting point, of the outer side of the central line of the horizontal ribbed plate.

4. The hydraulic prestress compensating device for a cross beam of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: and two sides of the beam assembly are respectively provided with a rigidity reinforcing square hole.

5. The hydraulic prestress compensating device for a cross beam of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the middle cross beam is of a hollow structure.

6. The hydraulic prestress compensation device for the cross beam of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder placing grooves arranged at the bottom of the middle cross beam are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the horizontal rib plate, hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinder placing grooves respectively, hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder placing grooves on one side of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders respectively, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the horizontal rib plate.

7. The hydraulic prestress compensation device for the cross beam of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder placing grooves are symmetrically formed in the bottom of the middle cross beam on the other side of the cross beam assembly, relative to the central plane of the cross beam assembly, the hydraulic cylinder placing grooves are symmetrically formed in the bottom of the middle cross beam, relative to the central line of the horizontal rib plate, the hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged in the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinder placing grooves, the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are respectively located in the hydraulic cylinder placing grooves on one side, and the hydraulic cylinder stress compensation fulcrums of the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the horizontal rib plate.

Images